US2087189A - Hair waving apparatus - Google Patents

Description

July 13, 1937. P. e. GAIRE HAIR WAVING APPARATUS Filed Dec. 22, 1936 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jul 13, 1937. -.'P. a. GAIRE 2,087,189

- HAIR WAVING APPARATUS 4 I Filed Dec. 22, 1936 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 awe/rm July 13, 1937. P. e; GLAIRE HAIR WAVING APPARATUS 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Dec. 22, 1936 12a] awake Y Patented July 13, 1937 UNITED srras reuse orrics 11 Claims.

This invention is directed to a hair waving apparatus and particularly to a box in which the particular strand of hair being treated is coiled and treated.

The primary object of the present invention is the provision of a box of this type in which the unit is complete in itself and has no connection with any extraneous apparatus or parts, whereby to simplify the application and removal of the box and avoid the necessity for conventional tubes and like elements with which the box has been connected as heretofore used.

A further object of the invention is the provision of means whereby the hair within the box T is substantially hermetically sealed during treatment, thereby materially shortening the time of treatment and insuring better control of the treatment than in similar boxes as heretofore constructed.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a box in which the parts are so constructed that the head of the customer is'effectively guarded against heat and against any leakage from the box during treatment.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a box of this character in which the parts are readily assembled or dismantled in a simple, convenient and expeditious manner, thereby reducing the inconvenience to the customer heretofore incident to the assembling and dismantling of the box and the connection and disconnection of the various tubes employed with such prior boxes.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a view in elevation illustrating the initial winding of the hair on the pin and showing the box in position to receive the pin.

Figure 2 is a front elevation of the completed box, the heater being shown in position.

Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view, partly in elevation, of the completed box with the hair wound on the pin.

Figure 4 is a bottom plan view of the casing.

Figure 5 is a longitudinal sectional view, partly in elevation, through the box in assembled form. a

Figure 6 is a section on line 6-6 of Figure 5.

Figure 7 is an end elevation of the box.

Figure 8 is a section on line 8-8 of Figure 5.

Figure 9 is a longitudinal section on the line 9-9 of Figure 5.

Figure 10 is a transverse section through the a short hair retainer and extra moisture provider 10 as used with the preheater construction.

Figure 16 is a similar View showing the short hair retainer as used with the process introducing live steam into the casing.

Figure 17 is a plan of the outer wall of the short hair retainer before being formed into shape.

Figure 18 is a similar View of the inner wall of the short hair retainer.

The improved hair treating box includes clamping members i and 2, each including metallic or like bars 3 having upstanding walls 4 at their inner edges. The bars 3 are pivotally connected at one end by a strap 5, which strap is centrally bent to provide upper and lower sections 6 and l spaced apart to receive the ends of the bars 3 between them.

One bar 3 passing between the upper and lower sections of the strap at the looped end of the latter is rigidly connected to the strap while the remaining bar 3 is pivotally mounted between the free ends of the upper and lower sections of the strap. The strap is of suificient length to permit the inner portions of the bars at the strap ends to be spaced apart and the lower section 1 of the strap is formed with a depressed transverse channel 8 which, with the upper section of the strap, forms an opening to receive cooling air under pressure, as will be later described.

The opposite or free ends of the bars 3 are connected by a cam clamp 9 pivotally connected to one bar and moving over and embracing the end of the other bar to clamp the bars in proper cooperation. The bottoms of the bars are provided with a resilient layer l6 and between such layer and the bars is arranged a non-heat conducting section II, the sections l0 and H obviously cushioning and protecting the contact of the box with the head of the customer.

The upstanding walls 4 integral with each bar 3 are provided on their inner and outer surfaces with resilient sealing strips I2 and I3 for a purpose which will later app-ear. Each upstanding wall 4 near the end is formed with an integral upstanding outwardly curved lip i l. The lips at the respective ends of the bars are in alignment and are spaced apart at their upper ends, forming pairs of lips which, when the bars are in clamped relation, form clips to receive the winding spool, as will later appear.

It is to be understood from the above that "tend to reach the head of the customer. In this connection, it is to be noted that the resilient layers or strips ID and non-heat conducting sections H on the bottom of each bar are, when the. bars are in clamped relation, spaced apart to a slight degree or, in other words, define an elongated channel G5 which is open to the head of the customer and tothe. channel 8 but which is sealed from above by the strips l2. I

The curling pin includes an appropriately shaped rod 16 threaded at the ends to receive clamping nuts ll. Secured on this rod adjacent the ends are preferably integral enlarged disks 18 which accurately fit within and more or less frictionally engage the respective pairs of lips [4 formed in the clamping bar. Immediately beyond each disk 18 is a sealing disk I 9. These sealing disks fit over the ends of the rod and are held against the respective disks l8 by the clamping nuts I'I.

'The' curling pin fits in the respective ends of the clips I5, so that the sealing disks are immediately beyond each pair of clips but wholly free of any seating within the clips. The sealing disks 19 are of a diameter exceeding that of the enlarged disks l8 and of the clips, so that when the curling pin is in place in the clamping bar,

the sealing disks provide end portions for the pin which are beyond the clips [4. The sealing disks are of a, resilient compressible material which will resist the action of heat to a considerable degree and present an appreciable thick- -ness for purposes of effective sealing.

A casing 20 is provided which is a thin metallic section of circular form divided along the bottom and with each edge so provided rigidly secured to longitudinally extending bars 2;! which present at the lower end of the casing flat inner edges 22 of appreciable thickness. The material of the casing 29 is preferably metallic and resilient and under its normal resiliency the inner edges 22 of the bars 2i are spaced apart, and one such bar it is provided with clamping elements 23 at each end to engage the proximate end of the other bar 2i and draw the bars together to arrange the casing in final operative form.

In use, the casing, which is freely open at each end, is passed longitudinally over the curling pin and over the respective sealing disks is,

the longitudinal length of the casing being such 1 that when in operative position, the ends of the faces of the upstanding walls 4 of the bars 3.

This clamping movement of the bars 2! necessarily reduces the normal diameter of the casing 20 and forces said casing at its ends into sealing cooperation with the sealing disks. IS. AS

thus arranged, it will be apparent that the sealthe cooperation of the casing and sealing disks l9 preventing leakage at the ends of the casing and the cooperation of the inner edges 22 of the bars 2| with the sealing strips l3 effectively preventing leakage downwardly toward the head of the customer.

In use, the strand of hair is passed between the bars 3 and the latter clamped about the: strand close to the head of the customer. The strand is then wound upon the rod 15 in a manner necessary for the resilient type of waving desired and the curling pin with the hair wound thereon seated in the clips. If desired, one of the clamping nuts I! may be enlarged or thickened to provide a finger hold, whereby the curling pin may be turned in the clips in order to insure that the hair is completely wound upon the pin up to the point permitted by the position of the pin in the clips. The casing 20 is then applied as described and clamped. Before the casing is applied, however, the hair is preferably dampened with a treating fluid, with which the invention is not particularly concerned, though it is noted that the hair on the pin is not wrapped, enclosed or otherwise subjected to any external influence beyond the application of the desired or necessary treating fluid.

After the application of the box or boxes necessary to take care of the quantity of hair being treated, aheater is applied to the casing 20. This heater is a conventional, well known mechanism,

involving elongated, thickened sections 24 shaded r on their inner surfaces to snugly embrace and exand transmits the heat through the casing to the hair, converting the treating fluid, in part, into a steam conditionby which the effective action on.

the hair is had.- If desired; the casing may be formed with a minute opening 26 to: permit the escape of excess steam within the casing and to avoid undue pressure.

The heating element is to be heated preferably to a known degree, so that it will rapidly treat the hairfor the desired operation, and as the heat of the heater is gradually reduced, it cannot have any deleterious effect and after the application of the heater, the attendant need not necessarily watch the treatment in order to prevent undesirable results. Thus, after the application of the heater 'to the respective boxes used with the particular customer, the customer may be left without further attention. so far as the hair waving is concerned with the certainty that the hair will not be over-treated or injuriously affected.

Obviously, by removing the heater and un-' clamping the casing, the latter may be removed, the curling pin lifted out and the hair unwound and the clamp removed in a simple and expeditious manner. I

If desired, either during the'treatment or at the end of the treatment before the removal of the parts, cooling air under pressure from a suitable source, such for example as indicated by the nozzle 21, may be directed onto the'head of the customer by inserting 'the'nozzle in the channels 8, by which means air is directed longitudinally of the box below the sealing strips I 3 of the clamp and out of the elongated channel Hi to effectively cool the parts and the head of the customer.

It is to be emphasized that the hair wound upon the curling pin is merely subjected to the application of a treating fluid and is then substantially hermetically sealed in the applied casing and heated by the application of the heater. There are no outside tubes or connections to make and which would require disconnection following use and not the slightest connection to the box as a Whole. Of course, the parts are to be constructed of a material sufilcient for the purpose designed and having the requisite strength to accomplish the object sought. Beyond this, all such parts are to be as light .as possible to reduce the weight on the head of the customer to the minimum, which reduction of weight, together with complete sealingof any leakage which might possibly reach the head of the customer, provides not only for an effective hair waving operation but permits to the maximum degree the comfort of the customer during the hair waving operation.

It is contemplated that the improved construction be subjected to the action of live steam introduced from a suitable exterior source as distinguished from the independent preheater type previously described.

In the use of live steam from an exterior source, the casing, here indicated at 28, has longitudinally extending bars 29 similar to the bars of the preferred form with fiat inner edges 30 similar to the edges 22 of the preferred form and provided with the clamps 3! similar to the clamping elements 23 of the preferred form.

The casing of the modified form is provided with a steam inlet nipple 32 communicating with the interior of the casing and designed to receive the ends of flexible conduits leading from a source of steam supply, as will be readily understood. The ends of the casing are formed to cooperate with sealing disks similar to the disks IS in the preferred form and intermediate but disposed short of the ends of the casing, the wall thereof at diametrically opposite points immediately above the bars 29 is formed to present outwardly projecting walls 33 which have open communication with the interior of the casing.

The casing is also formed with minute relief openings 34. The outstanding sections 33 provide longitudinal chambers suitably formed to receive and retain absorbent material in the shape of cotton forms or rubber sponge to absorb the moisture accumulated during the action of the live steam.

In connection with the modified form and also with the preferred form, What may be called a short hair retainer and extra moisture provider may be used, this element being shown more particularly in Figures 15 to 18, inclusive. The element is made up of an inner wall 35 and an outer wall 35. These walls, which are of a length to fit within the casing without interference, are formed by bending the inner and outer plates in circular outline and in spaced relation, the ends of the outer plate being formed in a return bend at 31 to engage the edge of the inner plate to complete the form.

The completed form has its ends spaced apart to provide an area for the passage of the hair during treatment. Both plates of the form are cut out at independent points, as at 38, and the inner plate is additionally formed with a series of relatively small perforations 39. The cut-out portions 38 are of appreciable size and register one with the other when the plates are assembled into the form.

When using the form in connection with the independent heater 24 of the preferred form, the space between the inner and outer plates 35 and 36 is provided with anabsorbent pad 40 which is preferably cut out in accordance with the openings 38 in the plates 35 and 36, this use of the short hair retainer being shown in Figure 15. When this short hair retainer is to be used in connection with live steam admission, the absorbent pad 40 is omitted, as shown in Figure 16.

The short hair retainer'provides the dual purpose of keeping the stiff hairs, which stick out of the wound portion of the pin, in place and by soaking these hairs, they are rendered more readily treated than would otherwise be the case. In the use of the preheater 24, the short hair retainer is provided with an absorbent pad which is to be more or less saturated in water or any appropriate solution to be converted into steam during the heating in order that limp, thin grades of hair, when treated, will receive sufiicient steam vapor to insure the desired effect.

When the casing shown in Figures 13 and 14 is used and live steam introduced, the absorbent pad 40 is omitted and the previously noted absorbent pads in the offsets 33 of the casing are provided to take up the condensate.

It is also contemplated and if desired that the curling pin be made hollow, filled with absorbent material and perforated, with. the absorbent material charged or saturated with water or treating lotion in use. This particular detail is not illustrated as it is more or less conventional in the prior art.

What is claimed to be new is:

1. A hair waving apparatus including a box comprising clamping members between which the hair is clamped adjacent the head of the user, clips carried by the clamping members, a curling pin on which the hair is curled, means for frictionally holding the pins in connection with the clips, sealing disks carried by the ends of the curling pin, and a casing to be secured in sealed relation with the clamp and snugly embracing the sealing disks to completely enclose and seal the hair within the casing.

2. A hair waving apparatus including a box comprising a clamp made up of separable members to engage a strand of hair adjacent the head of the user, a curling pin retaining clip carried by each end of the clamp, with each clip having a part carried by and projecting above one clamping bar, whereby the clips are opened in the separation of the clamping bars, a curling pin having disks to frictionally engage the clips for supporting the pin above the clamp when the latter is closed, sealing disks on the ends of the pin beyond the clips, and a casing open at the bottom and having means to clamp the edges of the opening by movement toward each other, said casing being fitted over the sealing disks, clips and curling pin to position the sealing disks at the respective ends of the casing, the clamping means of the casing when operated drawing the edges of the opening in the casing into sealing relation with the clamp and with the disk.

3. A hair waving apparatus including a box comprising swingingly connected bars and means for moving the bars into clamping cooperation, each of the bars having an upstanding wall provided on its inner and outer surfaces with sealing material, curling pin supporting clips carried by the' clamp; a .curling pin frictionally seated in said clips, sealing disks on the curling pins, and

a casing'divided throughout its lower portion and having clamping means to draw the divided edges toward each other, said casing being fitted over .the outer surfaces of they upstanding walls and with the sealing disks.

' '4. Ina hair waving apparatus, a box including a hair clamp provided with means for sealing the clamp in cooperation with the strand of hair being treated, protective means on the lower portion of the clamp, a curling pin removably carried by the clamplabove the hair sealing means thereof, sealing .means carried by the ends of the pin,

an open-ended casing to be fitted over the curling'pin and the sealing means of the clamp, and means for clamping the easing into sealing cooperation with the open ends of the casing snugly embracing the clamp and with the sealing means on the pin. i

5. A construction as defined in claim 4, wherein the protective means on the lower surface of the clamp defines a longitudinal channel open to the head of the user and sealed against the casing, and an inlet for the channel at one end of the clamp to permit air under pressure to be delivered to the clamp below the sealing means thereof and through the channelonto the head of the user.

6. A construction as defined in claim 3, wherein the bars of the clamp are pivotally connected at one end and provided with clamping means atthe opposite end, and wherein the sealing disks on the curling pin are of flexible compressible material for sealingpurposes.

'7. In a hair waving apparatus, a box including a'clamp comprising bars swingingly connected at one end and clamping means for connecting the bars at the opposite end,- hair sealing means carried by the respective bars and sealing the hair between the bars when the bars are in clamped relation, said bars being provided with heat protective and cushioning means on their lower surfaces and further provided with a longitudinally ranging channel below the sealing means and open at one end for the admission of air, a curling pin supported by the bars, and

a casing clamped over the pin and cooperating I the casing is formed with a minute escape opening.

10. A construction as defined in claim 7, wherein the protective means on the lower surfaces of the bars include a cushioning element and a non-heat conductive element on each bar, the

elements of one bar being spaced from the elements the other bar when the. bars are in spaced relation to provide an air delivery channel sealed against the casing but open to the head of the user.

11. In a hair waving apparatus, a clamp, a curling pin carried by the clamp, a casing to encircle and substantially provide a hermetically sealed area about the curling pin, and a short hair retainer encircling the pin within the casing, said short hair retainer providing an area for the reception of the absorbent material, wherein the casing is provided with lateral chamber enlargements for the reception of absorbent material.

PAUL GUSTAVE GAIRE.

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