US2080041A - Method of producing color-photographic images and cinematograph films and light-sensitive emulsion therefor - Google Patents

Method of producing color-photographic images and cinematograph films and light-sensitive emulsion therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
US2080041A
US2080041A US12254A US1225435A US2080041A US 2080041 A US2080041 A US 2080041A US 12254 A US12254 A US 12254A US 1225435 A US1225435 A US 1225435A US 2080041 A US2080041 A US 2080041A
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Prior art keywords
layer
light
dyestui
layers
color
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US12254A
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English (en)
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Gaspar Bela
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C8/00—Diffusion transfer processes or agents therefor; Photosensitive materials for such processes
    • G03C8/02—Photosensitive materials characterised by the image-forming section
    • G03C8/04—Photosensitive materials characterised by the image-forming section the substances transferred by diffusion consisting of inorganic or organo-metallic compounds derived from photosensitive noble metals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C7/00—Multicolour photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents; Photosensitive materials for multicolour processes
    • G03C7/28—Silver dye bleach processes; Materials therefor; Preparing or processing such materials

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of producing single-color or multi-color photographs and cinematograph lms.
  • the subject matter of the invention is a method by which there may be obtained a suihcient amount of dyestuf as required for photographic and more particularly color-photographic purposesin such a form that the presence of the dy'estui does not prevent the light from reaching the sensitized particles even in the absorption range of the dyestui.
  • the V photographic image is produced in good transmittant layers of. this kind, and after exposure the emulsion layer is fastly dyed by dissolving the coarse grains of coarsely dispersed dyestu within the layer, whereupon the layer is rendered highly absorptive.
  • the color intensity may be predetermined exactly by the amount of coarsely dispersed dyestui, dispersed in the emulsion during the manufacture of the material.
  • the latent silver image may be developed before or after the transformation of the coarsely dispersed dyestuff into finely distributed dyestui. The dyestui is then locally destroyed proportional to the metallic silver image.
  • the dyestuii is introduced into light-sensitive (ci. sis-s) layers, or into the solutions or emulsions employed for producing the same, in coarsely dispersed form exhibiting little or no absorption. Under these conditions there will occur merely a weak coloring and a small shading effect of the particles.
  • the dye'stu' after the exposure, is then converted at a desired point in the treatment of the image from the coarsely dispersed, non-coloring form into the color-effective form. This is performed either by means of suitable solvents or by chemical substancesv which cause a. diffuse coloring of the layer. It is immaterial whether these agents transform the dyestuff chemically or convert it into a colloidal or highly dispersed powerfully absorbing form.
  • Example-Spirit Fast Red B (Ullmann, Enzyklopdie der Technischen Chemie, 2nd ed. vol. 9, page 572) in powder form is admixed with gelatine.
  • the proportion of powdered dyestu to gelatine must be so chosen that after pouring on to a support the powdered dyestui is distributed intermittently; i. e., that the gelatine still-possesses a good transparency.
  • the quantity of dyestuif should also not be greater than is necessary for a sui'liciently good diffuse coloring of the layer. obtained during the later process by converting the dyestui into the nely dispersed color-effective form, for example by bathing in a dilutedV alcohol solution.
  • dyestuis are very suitable which are insoluble or difcultly soluble in water assuming that water-'soluble or saturable binding agents (for example gelatine) are employed.
  • binding agents which are insoluble in water
  • dyestuis will be employed which are insoluble or difllcultly soluble in the solvents for the binding agent.
  • the dyestuff is either introduced into the binding agent mechanically prior'to pouring, or applied to the surface of the layer either by dusting on or by pouring on to the layer in a suspension, with or without binding agents.
  • the dyestuif may also be dissolved in a solvent, which does not cause swelling of the binding agent and upon evaporation leaves the dyestuf as a coarsely distributed sediment.
  • the dyestu may be introduced into the bind- 'Ihis diffuse coloring is then gelatine solution by rapid agitation.
  • the dyeing agent' by means of an auxiliary solvent.
  • a water-insoluble, alcohol-soluble dyestui ⁇ is dissolved in alcohol, and introduced into stui will be precipitated in larger or smaller size of grain dependent on the nature of the agitation and the concentration of the dyestuif solution.
  • Alcoholic solutions of Quinoline Yellow-spirit-soluble (Schultz Farbstofftabellen 'lth ed. vol. 1, No. 917) and the tannates or abietinates of basic dyestuiis for example of Methylene Blue (Schultz, loc. cit. No. 1038) Janus Blue (IndoineBlue B, Schultz, locncit. No. 286), Red (Schultz, loc. cit. No.,557) or Yellow (Schultz, loc. cit. No. 292), or of Chrysoidine (Schultz, loc.
  • a coarsely dispersed precipitation of the dyestui maybe obtained.
  • the conditions are the same as in the preparation of the emulsion, in which it is possible by varying the known factors to obtain coarse-grain or fine-grain deposits in the layer.
  • aforesaid acid and substantive dyestuis such as Anthosine (Schultz, loc. cit. No. 51) li/etanill Yellow (Schultz, loc. cit.'No. 169), Naphthylamine Black (Schultz, loc. cit. No. 229) and Diamine Pure Blue ⁇ (Schultz, loc. cit. No. 510), are also suitable.
  • the precipitation may take place both in water as well as in the presence of binding agents.
  • the size of grain will depend only on the known factors.
  • the binding agent solution may be allowed to solidify, and freed from the soluble constituents in the usual fashion by washing.
  • the dyestui may also be allowed to form immediately in the coarse-grain form in solution or in the binding agent fromthe.
  • preliminary stages or components, for example from 'I'he di'iculty soluble dyestus may also treatment of the image the dyestufls are converted into a 'condition in which they develop their full coloring effect, i. e., diffusely color the layer.
  • the coarsely dispersed dyestu located on the surface of the layer or below the layer may creep into the layer and diifusely color the same.
  • a tannic salt of a basic dyestufi will pass into solution with acids. It is advantageous if the acid employed possesses chemically agreater alnity for the dyestui than that used for precipitation. Numerous salts of aciol dyestuis pass into solution with diluted alkalis or also with acids. For example, the dyestu passes from the barium salt of chrysophenine or anthosine into solution in 1% sulphuric acid. In this case barium sulphate is formed. The barium sulphate is more diiicultly soluble than the dyestuii ⁇ salt, i.
  • vat dyestuis in coarsely dispersed form, and to treat these with an alkaline hydrosulphite solution' in the layer.
  • the layer is difusely colored.
  • the diuse coloring of the layer may be easily regulated by the duration of the bath or by suitable interruption baths, such as water or like means, which act in chemical opposition to the dissolving agents, so that in case of requirement a bleeding of the dyestui or passage of the dyestui from one layer into the other may be prevented.
  • the most suitable for this purpose are' solutions of precipitating agents, which are capable of causing the process of diffusion to be .stopped when a sufficient diiuse coloring of the material has been attained. It has been found to be oi particular advantage to employ those precipitating agents, ⁇ which not only prevent the diusion but also improve the fastness or insolubility of the dyestuff, for example metal salts, such as' aluminum or copper salts, which form mordants or lakes, or for basic dyestuls solutions of phos- -photungstic or phosphomolybdic acid.
  • a dyestuff-destroying bath for example a solution of thiocarbamide containing mineral acid.
  • the dyestuif may be caused to color the layer diiusely by physical action.
  • the production of the dyestuff images inthe layers in accordance with the invention may ⁇ l5 take place in desired fashion according to the methods usual in the photographic and colorphotographic art, preferably by local destruction of the dyestuff in accordance with earlier processes of the applicant. It is possible to produce 2@ with vthe dyestuff in the layer for example washout reliefs or mordant or tanned images, or also to remove the dyestuii' from the tanned points by solution.
  • the layers containing coarsely. dispersed dyestuff may be sensitized with desired substances
  • the layers for example with silver halide, with light-sensitive heavy metal salts, such as those of iron orl mercury, With chromates, or also with organic light-sensitive substances, such as diazo compounds.
  • the light-sensitive substances may either already be added to the emulsion or introduced subsequently into the nished layer.
  • Themost important use of the layers consists, however, in the combination with silver halide in one or more layers, which if desired may be differently sensitized.
  • the technical advantage of the invention resides in the extensive decrease or preclusion of the interferlngabsorption (screening eiect) of 4G the layers .which contain the coarsely dispersed dyestuis. This is particularly important in the production of color photographs and cinematograph films. l According to the present invention,
  • a preferred form of embodiment of the invention resides in the use of photographic materials having layers poured one on to the other, these layers containing diierent dyestus and possessing different spectral sensitivity.
  • these layers containing diierent dyestus and possessing different spectral sensitivity.
  • the great lack of diffusion on the part of the superimposed layers offers particular advantage.
  • the light-sensitive layer may also be provided in coarsely dispersed form above or below the light-sensitive layer in screenlike fashion.
  • the dyestuifs may also be combined with sensitizers and auxiliary lter dyestuis. For this purpose there may be employed iilter dyestuis which are capable of being both readily washed out as well as destroyed in 75 the treatment baths.
  • the coarsely dispersed dyestufis may also be applied above or below the light-sensitive layer with or without binding agents by dusting on or, as described above, with the assistance of solvents.
  • the dyestui employed may be selected either' to ⁇ be complementary or similar to the color sensitivity of the layer or also independently thereof. It is thereby easily possible to produce master images, ⁇ the color of which is complementary to the color sensitivity of the colored copying layers employed.
  • An additional advantage of the process according to the invention occurs in those cases in which the layer contains dark dyestuifs, e. g. in connection with documental-or reversal papers or films, which must give dark pictures. In such cases, it would be diiicult to obtain a suiicient exposure if the dyestui is present in the layer in nely dispersed form. If, however, comparatively large dyestuf particles are in the layer, there are suiiicient gaps for the light to penetrate. In a similar manner gelatine layers for the chromate process can be made with coarsely dispersed dyestuffs, which are transformed after exposure into a nely dispersed form.
  • the method of producing photographic dyestui' images which comprises exposing a light sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, the said layer containing coarse grains of fast dyestuff coarsely dispersed in an Vemulsion which will transmit light raysfor which the coarsely distributed dyestuf possesses absorption properties, fastly dyeing the emulsion layer at a point in the process after exposure by dissolving the ,1 coarsely dispersed coarse grains of dyestui withdeveloping vthe latent silver image and destroy- ⁇ ing the dyestui locally proportionate to themetallic silver image.
  • The'method of producing photographic dyestui images which comprises exposing a plu-l rality of superimposed light sensitive silver halide emulsion layers, at least one of the said layers containing a fast dyestui in the form of coarse grains coarsely dispersed in an emul- 4 Y aosaoai .at a point in the process after exposure by dis- 5 solving the coarsely dispersed dyestui within the layer, developing the latent silver image and destroying the dyestui locally proportionate to the metallic silver image.
  • the method of producing photographic dye- 10 stuff images which comprises exposing a plurality of light sensitive silver halide emulsion.
  • the said layers containing a fast dyestut in the form of coarse grains coarsely dispersed in an emulsion which will transmit and y 25 dispersed coarse grains o'f fast dyestuis in the light sensitive emulsion prior to exposure and dissolving the grains within the layer after exposure.
  • a light sensitive photographic material comprising a silver halide emulsion layer and 5 coarsely dispersed coarse grains of fast dyestui within the said emulsion, the layer being adapted to 'transmit light of the spectral range in which the dyestuff performs maximal absorption.
  • a light sensitive photographic material comprising a silver halide emulsion layer and coarsely dispersed coarse grains of fast dyestufl.' within the said emulsion,- the layer being adapted to transmit and predominantly sensitive to light l5 of the spectral range in which the dyestu perf forms maximal absorption.
  • a light sensitive photographic material comprising -a plurality of silver halide emulsion layers and coarsely dispersed coarse grains of 20 fast dyestuff within at least one of the said emulsion layers, the said oney layer being adapted to transmit light of the spectral range in which the dyestui performs maximal absorption.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
US12254A 1934-03-29 1935-03-21 Method of producing color-photographic images and cinematograph films and light-sensitive emulsion therefor Expired - Lifetime US2080041A (en)

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DE458256X 1934-03-29

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2420631A (en) * 1941-08-19 1947-05-13 Eastman Kodak Co Dis-azo dyes for color photography
US2489662A (en) * 1946-09-10 1949-11-29 Light-sensitive photographic

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2727713A (en) * 1951-11-15 1955-12-20 Bemis Bro Bag Co Feeding device for automatic scales

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2420631A (en) * 1941-08-19 1947-05-13 Eastman Kodak Co Dis-azo dyes for color photography
US2489662A (en) * 1946-09-10 1949-11-29 Light-sensitive photographic

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GB458256A (en) 1936-12-11

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