US20250027724A1 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
US20250027724A1
US20250027724A1 US18/713,943 US202118713943A US2025027724A1 US 20250027724 A1 US20250027724 A1 US 20250027724A1 US 202118713943 A US202118713943 A US 202118713943A US 2025027724 A1 US2025027724 A1 US 2025027724A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
protrusions
cooling water
region
oil
grooves
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Pending
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US18/713,943
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English (en)
Inventor
Tatsuto Yamada
Shunichi Karasawa
Satoshi SASANO
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Tokyo Roki Co Ltd
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Tokyo Roki Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tokyo Roki Co Ltd filed Critical Tokyo Roki Co Ltd
Assigned to TOKYO ROKI CO., LTD. reassignment TOKYO ROKI CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KARASAWA, SHUNICHI, YAMADA, Tatsuto, SASANO, Satoshi
Publication of US20250027724A1 publication Critical patent/US20250027724A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F28D9/0075—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements the plates having openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F28D9/005—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having openings therein for both heat-exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/04—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
    • F28F3/042—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element
    • F28F3/046—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element the deformations being linear, e.g. corrugations

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a heat exchanger.
  • heat exchangers in which a plurality of plate members are stacked such that flow paths through which gas or oil flows and flow paths through which cooling water flows are formed alternately in the stacking direction of the plate members (PTL 1).
  • the first flow path is embossed and provided with protrusions, however, there is a demand for heat exchangers with even higher heat exchange performance.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a heat exchange system 1 .
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an oil cooler 2 .
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded view of an oil cooler 2 .
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a plate assembly 60 .
  • FIG. 5 is an exploded view of a joint section in which two plate assemblies 60 are stacked.
  • FIG. 7 is a bottom view of a male plate 100 .
  • FIG. 10 is a top view of a plate assembly 60 .
  • FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a plate assembly 60 .
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating a flow of cooling water.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat exchange system 1 .
  • the heat exchange system 1 includes an oil cooler 2 , an engine 3 , an oil pump 4 , a radiator 5 , a water pump 6 , an oil flow path 7 , and a cooling water flow path 8 .
  • the oil cooler 2 is a heat exchanger.
  • the oil cooler 2 exchanges heat between the high temperature engine oil discharged from the engine 3 and the low temperature cooling water cooled by the radiator 5 .
  • the oil flow path 7 is a flow path through which engine oil flows.
  • the oil flow path 7 connects the engine 3 and the oil cooler 2 , the oil cooler 2 and the oil pump 4 , and the oil pump 4 and the engine 3 , with piping, and allows the engine oil to circulate therethrough in the direction of the arrows in FIG. 1 .
  • the high temperature engine oil discharged from the engine 3 is supplied to the oil cooler 2 .
  • the engine oil is cooled by the oil cooler 2 and then supplied to the oil pump 4 .
  • the engine oil is supplied to the engine 3 by the oil pump 4
  • the cooling water flow path 8 is a flow path through which cooling water flows.
  • the cooling water flow path 8 connects the radiator 5 and the water pump 6 , the water pump 6 and the oil cooler 2 , and the oil cooler 2 and the radiator 5 , with piping, and allows the cooling water to circulate in the direction of the arrows in FIG. 1 .
  • the cooling water discharged from the radiator 5 is supplied to the oil cooler 2 by the water pump 6 .
  • the cooling water cools the engine oil at the oil cooler 2 , resulting in reaching a high temperature.
  • the cooling water having reached the high temperature is supplied from the oil cooler 2 to the radiator 5 .
  • the cooling water is cooled by the radiator 5 .
  • FIG. 2 A is a perspective view of the oil cooler 2 .
  • the oil cooler 2 includes a bottom flange 10 and a heat exchange unit 20 .
  • the bottom flange 10 is a member for attaching the oil cooler 2 to another structure such as an engine block or the like.
  • the bottom flange 10 is a metal plate.
  • the bottom flange 10 has a plurality of through holes 11 , oil inlet/outlet 12 a , 12 b , and cooling water inlet/outlet 13 a , 13 b .
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the oil cooler 2 .
  • a vertical direction is defined as the direction parallel to the thickness of the bottom flange 10 .
  • a front-rear direction is defined as the direction orthogonal to the vertical direction
  • a left-right direction is defined as the direction orthogonal to the vertical and front-rear directions.
  • the oil inlet/outlet 12 a , 12 b are openings through which the engine oil is to flow.
  • the rear opening of the bottom flange 10 is used as the oil inlet 12 a
  • the front opening is used as the oil outlet 12 b.
  • the large diameter opening 15 a is larger than the small diameter opening 14 a when viewed from above, and is provided such that the small diameter opening 14 a is arranged inside the large diameter opening 15 a .
  • the cooling water outlet 13 b has a small diameter opening 14 b and a large diameter opening 15 b .
  • the structures of the small diameter opening 14 b and the large diameter opening 15 b are the same as those of the small diameter opening 14 a and the large diameter opening 15 a.
  • a heat exchange unit 20 is a structure that forms separate flow paths for the engine oil and the cooling water that are fluids, and that exchanges heat between the two fluids flowing through the respective flow paths.
  • the heat exchange unit 20 includes a bottom plate 30 , a stacked section 40 , and a top plate 50 .
  • the heat exchange unit 20 is obtained such that the stacked section 40 is stacked on the upper surface of the bottom plate 30 , and the top plate 50 is further stacked on the upper surface of the stacked section 40 .
  • the bottom plate 30 is a member disposed at the lowest layer of the heat exchange unit 20 and attached to the bottom flange 10 .
  • the bottom plate 30 is attached to the lower surface of the lowest plate of the stacked section 40 .
  • the bottom plate 30 is a male plate 100 , which will be described later.
  • the stacked section 40 is a structure in which plate members are stacked in the vertical direction to form separate paths for the engine oil and the cooling water.
  • the stacked section 40 is obtained such that a plurality of plate assemblies 60 are stacked and joined together by brazing.
  • the stacked section 40 is a stack of four plate assemblies 60 .
  • the plate assembly 60 includes a male plate 100 , a female plate 110 , and a fin 120 .
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the plate assembly 60 .
  • the plate assembly 60 is obtained by stacking such that the male plate 100 is arranged on the upper side, the female plate 110 is arranged on the lower side, and the fin 120 is arranged therebetween.
  • a space is formed inside the plate assembly 60 by the male plate 100 and the female plate 110 , and functions as a second flow path 132 through which the engine oil is to flow.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram in which the female plate 110 is arranged on the upper side, and the male plate 100 is arranged on the lower side.
  • the female plate 110 and the male plate 100 are arranged as illustrated in FIG. 5 , in a joint section.
  • a space is formed by the female plate 110 and the male plate 100 in the joint section of the two plate assemblies 60 , and functions as a first flow path 131 through which the cooling water is to flow.
  • FIG. 2 B is a simplified cross-sectional view at a position IIb of FIG. 2 A .
  • the bottom plate 30 is provided to the top surface of the bottom flange 10 .
  • the female plates 110 and the male plates 100 are alternately arranged in the vertical direction.
  • the cooling water flows from the cooling water inlet 13 a and flows into the first flow path 131 . After flowing through the first flow path 131 , the cooling water reaches the cooling water outlet 13 b . The cooling water flows out from the cooling water outlet 13 b to the radiator 5 .
  • the engine oil flows from the oil inlet 12 a and flows into the second flow path 132 . After flowing through the second flow path 132 , the engine oil reaches the oil outlet 12 b . The engine oil flows out from the oil outlet 12 b to the oil pump 4 .
  • the male plate 100 is a member that exchanges heat between two fluids (the engine oil, the cooling water) flowing along its upper surface and its lower surface, respectively.
  • the male plate 100 is a metal plate that is one size smaller than the bottom flange 10 .
  • FIG. 6 is a top view of the male plate 100 .
  • the male plate 100 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape with long sides extending in the front-rear direction and short sides extending in the left-right direction, when viewed from above.
  • the male plate 100 has an upper surface 100 a where linear protrusions 104 are formed, a lower surface 100 b where linear grooves 105 are formed, edge parts 106 where oil inlet/outlet 102 a , 102 b are formed, edge parts 107 where cooling water inlet/outlet 103 a , 103 b are formed.
  • the oil inlet/outlet 102 a , 102 b are openings through which the engine oil is to flow.
  • the oil inlet/outlet 102 a , 102 b are provided at a pair of diagonal positions among the four corners of the male plate 100 .
  • the size of the openings of the oil inlet/outlet 102 a , 102 b are larger than that of the oil inlet/outlet 12 a , 12 b of the bottom flange 10 .
  • the right rear opening of the male plate 100 in FIG. 6 is used as the oil inlet 102 a
  • the left front opening of the male plate 100 is used as the oil outlet 102 b .
  • the edge parts 106 of the oil inlet and outlet 102 a , 102 b protrude upward, and have flat upper surfaces.
  • the cooling water inlet/outlet 103 a , 103 b are openings through which the cooling water is to flow.
  • the cooling water inlet/outlet 103 a , 103 b are provided at a pair of diagonal positions where the oil inlet and outlet 102 a , 102 b are not provided among the four corners of the male plate 100 .
  • the rear left opening of the male plate 100 in FIG. 6 is used as the cooling water inlet 103 a
  • the right front opening is used as the cooling water outlet 103 b .
  • the size of the openings of the cooling water inlet and outlet 103 a , 103 b is the same as that of the large diameter openings 15 a and 15 b .
  • the edge parts 107 protrude downward and have flat lower surfaces.
  • the shape of the edge parts 107 matches the shape of the large diameter openings 15 a and 15 b . Further, the length of the edge parts 107 protruding downward matches the depth of the large diameter openings 15 a , 15 b.
  • the protrusions 104 are protrusions to disturb the flow of the fluid flowing along the upper surface 100 a , and protrudes upward from a flat part of the upper surface 100 a , and extends linearly when viewed from above.
  • the plurality of protrusions 104 are provided to the upper surface 100 a .
  • the upper surface 100 a is divided into two regions 108 a and 108 b , and the plurality of protrusions 104 are provided in each of the regions 108 a and 108 b.
  • the regions 108 a and 108 b are regions provided by dividing the upper surface 100 a .
  • the regions 108 a and 108 b each have a rectangular shape extending in the front-rear direction.
  • the regions 108 a and 108 b are obtained by dividing the upper surface 100 a substantially symmetrically in the left-right direction.
  • the region provided on the left side of the upper surface 100 a is the region 108 a
  • the region provided on the right side is the region 108 b.
  • the protrusions 104 provided in the region 108 a and the protrusions 104 provided in the region 108 b will be referred to as protrusions 104 a and 104 b , respectively.
  • the plurality of protrusions 104 a provided within the region 108 a are arranged so as to be parallel to each other, and the plurality of protrusions 104 b provided within the region 108 b are also arranged so as to be parallel to each other.
  • the protrusions 104 a extend in the direction intersecting the extending direction of the protrusions 104 b .
  • the plurality of protrusions 104 a and 104 b form a so-called herringbone pattern when viewed from above.
  • the height of the protrusions 104 is about half the height of the space (the first flow path 131 ) formed when the female plate 110 is stacked on the male plate 100 .
  • the protrusions 104 have joint parts 101 which are dot-shaped protrusions.
  • the joint parts 101 are each provided at a position at which the protrusion 104 and a protrusion 114 intersect when the female plate 110 is stacked on the male plate 100 when viewed from above.
  • the grooves 105 are grooves to disturb the flow of the fluid flowing along the lower surface 100 b .
  • FIG. 7 is a bottom view of the male plate 100 .
  • the plurality of grooves 105 are provided so as to be recessed upward from a flat part of the lower surface 100 b , and each extends linearly when viewed from below. Since the grooves 105 and the protrusions 104 are formed by press working, the grooves 105 have the same shape as the shape of the protrusions 104 when viewed in the vertical direction.
  • the grooves 105 are aligned with the protrusions 104 when viewed from below. In other words, the grooves 105 are provided at the lower surface so as to be paired with the respective protrusions 104 having the same shapes, respectively.
  • the lower surface 100 b is divided into two regions 108 c and 108 d , and the plurality of grooves 105 are provided in each of the region 108 c and 108 d.
  • the regions 108 c and 108 d are regions provided by dividing the lower surface 100 b .
  • the regions 108 c and 108 d each have a rectangular shape extending in the front-rear direction.
  • the regions 108 c and 108 d are obtained by dividing the lower surface 100 b substantially symmetrically in the left-right direction.
  • the region provided on the right side in the lower surface 100 b is the region 108 c
  • the region provided on the left side is the region 108 d .
  • the region provided at the back surface of the region 108 a is the region 108 c
  • the region provided at the back surface of the region 108 b is the region 108 d.
  • the grooves 105 provided in the region 108 c and the grooves 105 provided in the region 108 d will be referred to as grooves 105 a and 105 b , respectively.
  • the grooves 105 a , 105 b are respectively paired with the protrusions 104 a , 104 b having the same shapes, respectively.
  • the plurality of grooves 105 a provided in the region 108 c are arranged so as to be parallel to each other, and the plurality of grooves 105 b provided in the region 108 d are also provided so as to be parallel to each other. Further, the grooves 105 a extend in the direction intersecting the extending direction of the grooves 105 b . Note that the plurality of grooves 105 a and 105 b form a so-called herringbone pattern when viewed from below.
  • the female plate 110 similarly to the male plate 100 , is a member that exchanges heat between two fluids (the engine oil, the cooling water) 1 flowing along its upper surface and its upper lower surface, respectively.
  • the female plate 110 is a metal plate having the same size as that of the male plate 100 .
  • FIG. 8 is a top view of the female plate 110 .
  • the female plate 110 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape with long sides extending in the front-rear direction and short sides extending in the left-right direction, when viewed from above.
  • the female plate 110 has an upper surface 110 a where linear grooves 115 are formed, a lower surface 110 b where linear protrusions 114 are formed, edge parts 116 where oil inlet/outlet 112 a , 112 b are formed, and edge parts 117 where cooling water inlet/outlet 113 a , 113 b are formed.
  • the oil inlet/outlet 112 a , 112 b are openings through which the engine oil is to flow.
  • the oil inlet/outlet 112 a , 112 b are provided at a pair of diagonal positions among the four corners of the female plate 110 .
  • the size of the openings of the oil inlet/outlet 112 a , 112 b is the same as that of the oil inlet/outlet 102 a , 102 b .
  • the right rear opening of the female plate 110 in FIG. 8 is used as the oil inlet 112 a
  • the left front opening of the female plate 110 is used as the oil outlet 112 b .
  • the edge parts 116 of the oil inlet and outlet 112 a , 112 b protrude downward, and have flat lower surfaces.
  • the oil inlet and outlet 102 a , 102 b and the oil inlet and outlet 112 a , 112 b will be described.
  • the edge parts 106 forming the oil inlet and outlet 102 a , 102 b protrude upward from the upper surface 100 a .
  • the edge parts 116 forming the oil inlet and outlet 112 a , 112 b protrude downward from the upper surface 110 a .
  • the edge parts 106 and 116 are coupled.
  • the upper and lower second flow paths 132 are connected through the oil inlet and outlet 102 a , 102 b and the oil inlet and outlet 112 a , 112 b . Accordingly, in the respective second flow paths 132 , the upper and lower second flow paths 132 are connected, and thus all the second flow paths 132 are connected through the oil inlet and outlet 102 a , 102 b and the oil inlet and outlet 112 a , 112 b.
  • the cooling water inlet and outlet 103 a , 103 b and the cooling water inlet and outlet 113 a , 113 b will be described.
  • the edge parts 107 forming the cooling water inlet and outlet 103 a , 103 b protrude downward from the upper surface 100 a .
  • the edge parts 117 forming the cooling water inlet and outlet 113 a , 113 b protrude upward from the upper surface 110 a .
  • FIG. 2 B when the male plate 100 is stacked on the female plate 110 , the edge parts 107 and 117 are coupled.
  • the upper and lower first flow paths 131 are connected through the cooling water inlet and outlet 103 a , 103 b and the cooling water inlet and outlet 113 a , 113 b . Accordingly, in the respective first flow paths 131 , the upper and lower first flow paths 131 are connected, and thus all the first flow paths 131 are connected through the cooling water inlet and outlet 103 a , 103 b and the cooling water inlet and outlet 113 a , 113 b.
  • the cooling water inlet and outlet 103 a , 103 b and the cooling water inlet and outlet 113 a , 113 b are open to the first flow paths 131 , but the oil inlet and outlet 102 a , 102 b and the oil inlet and outlet 112 a , 112 b are closed against the first flow paths 131 . Further, the oil inlet and outlet 102 a , 102 b and the oil inlet and outlet 112 a , 112 b are open to the second flow paths 132 , but the cooling water inlet and outlet 103 a , 103 b and the cooling water inlet and outlet 113 a , 113 b are closed against the second flow paths 132 .
  • the first flow paths 131 are independent from the second flow paths 132 .
  • the grooves 115 are grooves to disturb the flow of the fluid flowing along the upper surface 110 a .
  • the plurality of grooves 115 are provided so as to be recessed downward from a flat part of the upper surface 110 a , and each of the grooves 115 extends linearly when viewed from above.
  • the upper surface 110 a is divided into two regions 118 a and 118 b , and the plurality of grooves 115 are provided in each of the regions 118 a and 118 b.
  • the grooves 115 provided in the region 118 a and the grooves 115 provided in the region 118 b will be referred to as grooves 115 a and 115 b , respectively.
  • the plurality of grooves 115 a provided in the region 118 a are provided so as to be parallel to each other, and the plurality of grooves 115 b provided in the region 118 b are also provided so as to be parallel to each other. Further, the grooves 115 a extend in the direction intersecting the extending direction of the grooves 115 b . Note that the plurality of grooves 115 form a so-called herringbone pattern when viewed from above.
  • the protrusions 114 are protrusions to disturb the flow of the fluid flowing along the lower surface 110 b , and protrude downward from a flat part of the lower surface 110 b , and extends linearly when viewed from below.
  • FIG. 9 is a bottom view of the female plate 110 .
  • the plurality of protrusions 114 are provided at the lower surface 110 b . Since the protrusions 114 and the grooves 115 are formed by press working, the protrusions 114 have the same shape as that of the grooves 115 when viewed in the vertical direction. The protrusions 114 are aligned with the grooves 115 when viewed from below.
  • the protrusions 114 are provided at the lower surface 110 b so as to be paired with the grooves 115 having the same shapes, respectively.
  • the lower surface 110 b is divided into two regions 118 c and 118 d , and the plurality of protrusions 114 are provided in each of the regions 118 c and 118 d.
  • the regions 118 c and 118 d are regions provided by dividing the lower surface 110 b .
  • the regions 118 c and 118 d each have a rectangular shape extending in the front-rear direction.
  • the regions 118 c and 118 d are obtained by dividing the lower surface 110 b substantially symmetrically in the left-right direction.
  • the region provided on the right side in the lower surface 110 b is the region 118 c
  • the region provided on the left side is the region 118 d .
  • the region provided at the back surface of the region 118 a is the region 118 c
  • the region provided at the back surface of the region 118 b is the region 118 d.
  • the protrusions 114 provided in the region 118 c and the protrusions 114 provided in the region 118 d will be referred to as protrusions 114 a and 114 b , respectively.
  • the protrusions 114 a , 114 b are respectively paired with the grooves 115 a , 115 b having the same shapes, respectively.
  • the plurality of protrusions 114 a provided in the region 118 c are provided so as to be parallel to each other, and the plurality of protrusions 114 b provided in the region 118 d are also provided so as to be parallel to each other.
  • the protrusions 114 a extend in the direction intersecting the extending direction of the protrusions 114 b .
  • the plurality of protrusions 114 form a so-called herringbone pattern when viewed from below.
  • the protrusions 114 are provided in the direction intersecting the direction of the protrusions 104 , when viewed from below, when the male plate 100 and the female plate 110 are stacked.
  • the height of the protrusions 114 is about half the height of the space (the first flow path 131 ) formed when the female plate 110 is stacked on the male plate 100 .
  • the protrusions 114 contact the joint parts 101 , to thereby join the protrusions 104 , so that the joint parts 111 having dot-shaped recesses that are recessed upward from the lower surface of the protrusions 114 are formed.
  • the dot-shaped protrusions of the joint parts 101 are paired with the dot-shaped recesses of the joint parts 111 .
  • the joint parts 111 are provided at positions at which the protrusions 104 and the protrusions 114 intersect, when viewed from below, when the female plate 110 is stacked on the male plate 100 .
  • the fin 120 is a member to cause the flows of the fluid running therethrough to be complex and exchange heat with the fluid.
  • the fin 120 is a metal member obtained such that thin plates extending in the front and back and vertical directions, and thin plates extending in the right and left and vertical directions are combined to form a large number of rectangular holes, and has a flat-plate outer shape.
  • the thickness of the fin 120 is substantially the same as the height of the space (the second flow path 132 ) formed with the male plate 100 and the female plate 110 , as illustrated in FIG. 11 .
  • the upper surface of the fin 120 contacts the lower surface 100 b .
  • the lower surface of the fin 120 contacts the upper surface 110 a.
  • the top plate 50 is a member disposed as the uppermost layer member of the heat exchange unit 20 .
  • the top plate 50 is a type of the female plate 110 , and has a shape similar to the female plate 110 without the oil inlet/outlet 112 a , 112 b and the cooling water inlet/outlet 113 a , 113 b .
  • the top plate 50 will be described, with the constituents thereof that are the same as those in the female plate 110 being given the same reference numerals.
  • the top plate 50 has the upper surface 110 a where the linear grooves 115 are formed and the lower surface 110 b where the linear protrusions 114 are formed.
  • the top plate 50 is joined, by brazing, to the upper surface of the male plate 100 , which is the uppermost member of the stacked section 40 . This closes the oil inlet and outlet 102 a , 102 b of the male plate 100 that is joined to the lower surface of the top plate 50 .
  • the cooling water flows through the first flow path 131 .
  • the engine oil flows through the second flow path 132 .
  • the first flow path 131 and the second flow path 132 are vertically adjacent to each other with the male plate 100 or the female plate 110 being placed therebetween.
  • the cooling water and the engine oil exchange heat through the male plate 100 or the female plate 110 .
  • the high-temperature engine oil is cooled by the low-temperature cooling water.
  • the low temperature cooling water is heated by the high temperature engine oil.
  • the cooling water is supplied from the cooling water flow path 8 to the cooling water inlet 13 a .
  • the cooling water flows from the cooling water inlet 13 a into the first flow path 131 in a bottom layer.
  • the cooling water flows into all the first flow paths 131 through the cooling water inlets 103 a , 113 a.
  • the cooling water spreads and flows throughout the first flow paths 131 from the cooling water inlets 103 a , 113 a , as given by the arrows in FIG. 12 .
  • the cooling water then flows into the cooling water outlets 103 b , 113 b.
  • the cooling water exchanges heat with the engine oil through the male plate 100 and the female plate 110 .
  • the surface area of the male plate 100 increases by an amount corresponding to the provided projections 104 .
  • the surface area of the female plate 110 increases by an amount corresponding to the provision of the protrusions 114 .
  • the more the contact area between the cooling water and the member that exchanges heat increases the more the efficiency of the heat exchange by the cooling water increases.
  • the efficiency of the heat exchange by the cooling water flowing through the first flow paths 131 is high.
  • the cooling water flows through each of the first flow paths 131 and flows into the cooling water outlets 103 b , 113 b .
  • the cooling water flows into the cooling water outlet 13 b through the cooling water outlets 103 b and 113 b .
  • the cooling water flows into the radiator 5 through the cooling water flow path 8 from the cooling water outlet 13 b.
  • the engine oil is supplied from the oil flow path 7 to the oil inlet 12 a .
  • the engine oil flows from the oil inlet 12 a into the second flow path 132 at the bottom layer.
  • the engine oil flows into all the second flow paths 132 through the oil inlets 102 a and 112 a.
  • the engine oil spreads and flows throughout the second flow paths 132 from the oil inlets 102 a , 112 a , as given by the arrows in FIG. 13 .
  • the engine oil then flows into the oil outlets 102 b , 112 b.
  • the engine oil that has flown in contacts the fin 120 while flowing through the second flow path 132 . Further, the engine oil flows through the holes formed in the fin 120 and through the grooves 105 , 115 . The engine oil flowing through the second flow path 132 contacts the fin 120 , and flows through the grooves 105 , 115 , thereby generating flows in the left-right direction and the up-down direction.
  • the engine oil exchanges heat with the cooling water through the male plate 100 , the female plate 110 , and the fin 120 , while flowing through the second flow path 132 . Since the fin 120 contacts the lower surface 100 b and the upper surface 110 a , heat is exchanged between the fin 120 and the male plate 100 and between the fin 120 and the female plate 110 . In other words, the fin 120 increases the area for the engine oil to exchange heat. Further, the surface area of the male plate 100 increases by an amount corresponding to the provided grooves 105 . Similarly, the surface area of the female plate 110 increases by an amount corresponding to the provided grooves 115 . Thus, the efficiency of the heat exchange by the engine oil flowing through the second flow paths 132 is high.
  • the engine oil runs through the fin 120 while flowing through the second flow path 132 .
  • the fin 120 makes it difficult for the engine oil to flow in the second flow path 132 .
  • the pressure loss in the second flow path 132 increases.
  • the upper/lower surfaces of the fin 120 contact the grooves 105 , 115 . Since the size of the grooves 105 , 115 is larger than the size of the flow paths inside the fin 120 , a portion of the engine oil running through the fin 120 flows from the inside of the fin 120 to the grooves 105 , 115 .
  • the engine oil flows through the respective second flow paths 132 into the oil outlets 102 b , 112 b .
  • the engine oil flows into the oil outlet 12 b through the oil outlets 102 b , 112 b .
  • the engine oil flows into the oil pump 4 through the oil flow path 7 from the oil outlet 12 b.
  • the oil cooler 2 includes the plate (the male plate 100 or the female plate 110 ) having the upper surface 100 a or the lower surface 110 b configured to contact the cooling water, and the plurality of linearly extending protrusions 104 , 114 are formed at the upper surface 100 a.
  • the contact area between the cooling water and the plate increases.
  • the flow of the cooling water changes along the projections 104 . Accordingly, the flows of the cooling water become complex. The more the complex flows of the cooling water are generated, the more the efficiency of the heat exchange by the cooling water increases, and thus the efficiency of the heat exchange by the oil cooler 2 increases.
  • the plurality of protrusions 104 , 114 of the oil cooler 2 each extend to intersect the flow direction of the cooling water.
  • the plurality of protrusions 104 , 114 extending in the direction intersecting the flow direction of the cooling water, generates a flow of the cooling water according to the angle at which the flow direction of the cooling water intersects the protrusions 104 , 114 when the cooling water contacts the protrusions 104 , 114 . Accordingly, the cooling water generates complex flows, thereby increasing the efficiency of the heat exchange.
  • the upper surface 100 a or the lower surface 110 b of the oil cooler 2 is divided into the region 108 a and the region 108 b , or the region 118 c and the region 118 d , each extending in the flow direction of the cooling water, and in the plurality of protrusions 104 , 114 , the protrusions 104 a in the region 108 a and the protrusions 104 b in the region 108 b extend in directions intersecting each other, or the protrusions 114 a in the region 118 c and the protrusions 114 b in the region 118 d extend in directions intersecting each other.
  • the upper surface 100 a or the lower surface 110 b is divided into the region 108 a and the region 108 b , or the region 118 c and the region 118 d , each extending in the flow direction of the cooling water, and in the protrusions 104 , 114 , the protrusions 104 a in the region 108 a and the protrusions 104 b in the region 108 b extend in directions intersecting each other, or the protrusions 114 a in the region 118 c and the protrusions 114 d in the region 118 d extend in directions intersecting each other.
  • the plate of the oil cooler 2 further includes the lower surface 100 b located on the side opposite to the upper surface 100 a or the upper surface 110 a located on the side opposite to the lower surface 110 b , which are to be contacted by the engine oil that exchanges heat with the cooling water.
  • the plurality of linearly extending grooves 105 , 115 are formed at the lower surface 100 b or the upper surface 110 a.
  • the plate includes the lower surface 100 b located on the side opposite to the upper surface 100 a or the upper surface 110 a located on the side opposite to the lower surface 110 b , which are to be contacted by the engine oil that exchanges heat with the cooling water.
  • the lower surface 100 b or the upper surface 110 a results in a wavy shape. Accordingly, the contact area between the engine oil and the plate increases. The more the contact area between the engine oil and the member to contact the oil during heat exchange increases, the more the efficiency of the heat exchange by the engine oil increases, thereby increasing the efficiency of the heat exchange by the oil cooler 2 .
  • the engine oil flows along the grooves 105 , 115 .
  • the engine oil generates complex flows, thereby increasing the efficiency of the heat exchange.
  • the cooling water and the engine oil exchange heat through the plates. Not only the efficiency of the heat exchange between the upper surface 100 a or the lower surface 110 b and the cooling water, but also the efficiency of the heat exchange between the lower surface 100 b or the upper surface 110 a and the engine oil increases, and thus the efficiency of the heat exchange of the entire oil cooler 2 increases.
  • the plurality of grooves 105 , 115 of the oil cooler 2 each extend to intersect the flow direction of the engine oil.
  • a flow of the engine oil is generated according to the angle at which the direction of the flow of the engine oil intersects the grooves 105 , 115 , when the engine oil flows along the grooves 105 , 115 . Accordingly, the engine oil generates complex flows, thereby increasing the efficiency of heat exchange.
  • the lower surface 100 b or the upper surface 110 a of the oil cooler 2 is divided into the region 108 c and the region 108 d , or the region 118 a and the region 118 b , each extending in the flow direction of the engine oil, and in the plurality of grooves 105 , 115 , the grooves 105 a in the region 108 c and the grooves 105 b in the region 108 d extend in directions intersecting each other, or the grooves 115 a in the region 118 a and the grooves 115 b in the region 118 b extend in directions intersecting each other.
  • the lower surface 100 b or the upper surface 110 a is divided into the region 108 c and the region 108 d , or the region 118 a and the region 118 b , each extending in the flow direction of the engine oil, and in the grooves 105 , 115 , the grooves 105 a in the region 108 c and the grooves 105 b in the region 108 d extend in directions intersecting each other, or the grooves 115 a in the region 118 a and the grooves 115 b in the region 118 b extend in directions intersecting each other, thereby causing the flow direction of the engine oil in the region 108 c to be different from the flow direction of the engine oil in the region 108 d .
  • the flow direction of the engine oil into the region 118 a is caused to be different from the flow direction of the engine oil into the region 118 b . Accordingly, the engine oil generates complex flows, thereby increasing the efficiency of heat exchange.
  • the oil cooler 2 further includes the fin 120 configured to diffuse the flow of the cooling water or engine oil that contacts either at least one of the plurality of protrusions 104 or the lower surface 100 b , or contacts either at least one of the plurality of protrusions 114 or the upper surface 110 a.
  • the flow of the cooling water or engine oil is diffused by the fin 120 configured to diffuse the flow of the cooling water or engine oil that contacts either at least one of the plurality of protrusions 104 or the lower surface 100 b , or either at least one of the plurality of protrusions 114 or the upper surface 110 a . Accordingly, the part where the cooling water or engine oil contacts the plates increases, thereby increasing the amount of heat exchange between the cooling water or engine oil and the plates. As a result, the efficiency of the heat exchange of the entire oil cooler 2 increases.
  • the fins 120 contact either the protrusions 104 or the lower surface 100 b , or either the protrusions 114 or the upper surface 110 a , and thus the fins 120 contacts the plates. Accordingly, the members that exchange heat with the cooling water or engine oil increase. As a result, the efficiency of the heat exchange of the entire oil cooler 2 increases.
  • the fin 120 increases the efficiency of the heat exchange as described above. Meanwhile, the fin 120 increases resistance in the flow path of the cooling water or engine oil, which increases the pressure loss in the flow path.
  • the fin 120 contacts either the protrusion(s) 104 or the lower surface 100 b , and thus the fin 120 contacts, at the contact part, the grooves formed between the plurality of protrusions 104 or the grooves 105 formed at the lower surface 100 b .
  • the fin 120 contacts either the protrusion(s) 114 or the upper surface 110 a , and thus the fin 120 contacts, at the contact part, the grooves formed between the plurality of protrusions 114 or the grooves 115 formed at the upper surface 110 a .
  • the plurality of protrusions 104 , 114 of the oil cooler 2 are aligned with the plurality of grooves 105 , 115 when viewed in the direction orthogonal to the upper surface 100 a or the lower surface 110 b.
  • the plurality of protrusions 104 , 114 are aligned with the plurality of grooves 105 , 115 when viewed in the direction orthogonal to the upper surface 100 a or the lower surface 110 b , so that the protrusions 104 and the grooves 105 , or the protrusions 114 and the grooves 115 are respectively located at the same positions at the front and back surfaces of the plate.
  • the thickness of the plate needs to be thicker than the depth of the grooves 105 , 115 .
  • the grooves 105 can be provided from the lower surface 100 b with respect to the protruding parts of the corresponding protrusions 104 , or the grooves 115 can be formed from the upper surface 110 a with respect to the protruding parts of the corresponding protrusions 114 , which makes it possible to make the plate thinner. This results in achieving the thinner oil cooler 2 .
  • the oil cooler 2 further includes the plate having the lower surface 110 b or the upper surface 100 a configured to contact the cooling water, the lower surface 110 b or the upper surface 100 a having the plurality of protrusions 114 , 104 extending linearly formed thereat, and the upper surface 100 a faces the lower surface 110 b.
  • the oil cooler 2 includes the plate having the lower surface 110 b or the upper surface 100 a configured to contact the cooling water, the lower surface 110 b or the upper surface 100 a having the plurality of protrusions 114 , 104 extending linearly formed thereat.
  • the cooling water flows between the upper surface 100 a and the lower surface 110 b . Accordingly, the cooling water contacts not only the protrusions 104 but also the protrusions 114 , and thus the cooling water generates more complex flows. As a result, the efficiency of the heat exchange increases.
  • At least one of the plurality of protrusions 104 of the oil cooler 2 contacts corresponding one of the plurality of protrusions 114 .
  • the contact portions of such two protrusions form a column or a wall between the upper surface 100 a and the lower surface 110 b . Accordingly, the cooling water flows in such a manner as to avoid the column or wall, and thus the cooling water generate more complex flows. As a result, the efficiency of the heat exchange increases.
  • the oil cooler 2 has high strength against the force acting in the direction in which the plates face each other.
  • each of the plurality of protrusions 104 of the oil cooler 2 extends in a direction intersecting the plurality of protrusions 114 .
  • Each of the plurality of protrusions 104 extends in the direction intersecting the plurality of protrusions 114 , and thus the direction of the wavy shape formed at the upper surface 100 a is different from the direction of the wavy shape formed at the lower surface 110 b . Accordingly, the cooling water generates complex flows, while flowing between the upper surface 100 a and the lower surface 110 b . As a result, the efficiency of the heat exchange increases.
  • the temperature of the engine oil may be lower than the temperature of the cooling water.
  • the oil cooler 2 exchanges heat between the low-temperature engine oil and the high-temperature water. As a result, the engine oil is heated while the water is cooled.
  • the configuration of the heat exchange system 1 may be different.
  • the oil pump 4 and the water pump 6 may be disposed at different locations.
  • the engine 3 may be replaced with a transmission or a motor.
  • the engine oil is replaced with a transmission oil or a motor oil.
  • the fluid that exchanges heat with the water may be a gas.
  • the oil cooler 2 functions as an EGR cooler of an Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) system that recirculates the exhaust gas from the engine 3 , to mix it with the intake gas of the engine 3 .
  • EGR Exhaust Gas Recirculation
  • the EGR cooler takes in a portion of the exhaust gas discharged from the engine 3 , exchanges heat between the exhaust gas and the water, to thereby cool the exhaust gas.
  • the exhaust gas cooled by the EGR cooler is mixed with the intake gas of the engine 3 .
  • the oil pump 4 is removed and the oil flow path 7 results in a gas flow path.
  • the flow directions of the engine oil and the cooling water may be different.
  • the engine oil flows from the oil flow path 7 in the order of the oil inlet 12 a , the oil inlet 112 a , the second flow path 132 , the oil outlet 112 b , and the oil outlet 12 b .
  • the oil may flow from the oil flow path 7 in the order of the oil outlet 12 b , the oil outlet 112 b , the second flow path 132 , the oil inlet 112 a , and the oil inlet 12 a .
  • the cooling water may flow from the cooling water flow path 8 in the order of the cooling water outlet 13 b , the cooling water outlet 103 b , the first flow path 131 , the cooling water inlet 103 a , and the cooling water inlet 13 a.
  • Each of the plurality of protrusions 104 , 114 does not have to extend in the direction intersecting the flow direction of the cooling water. In this case, at least one of the plurality of protrusions 104 , 114 extends parallel to the flow direction of the cooling water.
  • the upper surface 100 a or the lower surface 110 b does not have to be divided into the region 108 a and the region 108 b , or the region 118 c and the region 118 d , each extending in the flow direction of the cooling water, and in the plurality of protrusions 104 or 114 , the protrusions 104 a in the region 108 a and the protrusion 104 b in the region 108 b , or the protrusions 114 a in the region 118 c and the protrusions 114 b in the region 118 d , do not have to extend in directions intersecting each other.
  • the upper surface 100 a or the lower surface 110 b is not divided into two regions.
  • the plurality of projections 104 or projections 114 may extend in parallel to each other, or may extend in directions intersecting each other.
  • the plate does not need to have the plurality of linearly extending grooves 105 or 115 formed at the lower surface 100 b or the upper surface 110 a .
  • the lower surface 100 b or the upper surface 110 a may be a flat surface.
  • the lower surface 100 b or the upper surface 110 a may be embossed or provided with protrusions or bosses.
  • Each of the plurality of grooves 105 , 115 does not have to extend to intersect the flow direction of the engine oil. In this case, at least one of the plurality of grooves 105 , 115 extends parallel to the flow direction of the engine oil.
  • the lower surface 100 b or the upper surface 110 a does not have to be divided into the region 108 c and the region 108 d , or the region 118 a and the region 118 b , each extending in the flow direction of the engine oil.
  • the grooves 105 or grooves 115 do not have to extend in directions intersecting each other.
  • the lower surface 100 b or the upper surface 110 a is not divided into two regions.
  • the plurality of grooves 105 or grooves 115 may extend in parallel to each other, or may extend in directions intersecting each other.
  • the oil cooler 2 does not have to include the fin 120 that contacts the lower surface 100 b or the upper surface 110 a .
  • the fin 120 is not provided at the second flow path 132 .
  • the oil cooler 2 may include the fin 120 that contacts the protrusions 104 , 114 .
  • the heights of the protrusions 104 , 114 and the heights of the fin 120 are changed, such that the fin 120 is provided at the first flow path 131 so as to contact the protrusions 104 , 114 .
  • the plurality of protrusions 104 , 114 do not have to be aligned with the plurality of grooves 105 , 115 when viewed in the direction orthogonal to the upper surface 100 a or the lower surface 110 b .
  • the plurality of protrusions 104 , 114 are deviated from the plurality of grooves 105 , 115 when viewed in the direction orthogonal to the upper surface 100 a or the lower surface 110 b , and thus the thickness of the plate increases by an amount corresponding to the depth of the grooves 105 , 115 .
  • the oil cooler 2 may include only either the male plate 100 or the female plate 110 .
  • the stacked section 40 can be configured such that the male plates 100 and plates other than the female plate 110 are alternately stacked in the vertical direction, or the female plates 110 and plates other than the male plate 100 are alternately stacked in the vertical direction.
  • the plurality of protrusions 104 , 114 do not have to contact the plurality of protrusions 114 , 104 .
  • the heights of the plurality of protrusions 104 and 114 are lower than half of the heights of the first flow path 131 and the second flow path 132 .
  • the plurality of protrusions 104 , 114 do not have to extend in the directions intersecting the plurality of protrusions 114 , 104 , respectively. In this case, at least one of the plurality of protrusions 104 , 114 extends parallel to the plurality of protrusions 114 , 104 .
  • the plurality of protrusions 104 , 114 and grooves 105 , 115 may include a plurality of line types.
  • the plurality of protrusions 104 , 114 and the plurality of grooves 105 , 115 include those having a linear shape and a curved shape within one plate.
  • the engine oil and the cooling water flow into or out of the oil cooler 2 through the oil inlets/outlets 12 a , 12 b and the cooling water inlets/outlets 13 a , 13 b , but other structures may be used.
  • the top plate 50 may be have oil inlet/outlet 52 a , 52 b and cooling water inlet/outlet 53 a , 53 b .
  • the oil inlet/outlet 52 a , 52 b and the cooling water inlet/outlet 53 a , 53 b are tubular members attached to openings provided at the four corners of the top plate 50 , and the member attached at the rear right when viewed from above is the oil inlet 52 a .
  • the member attached to the front left is the oil outlet 52 b
  • the member attached to the rear left is the cooling water inlet 53 a
  • the member attached to the front right is the cooling water outlet 53 b .
  • the oil inlet and outlet 52 a , 52 b are connected to the oil flow path 7 to form an engine oil flow path.
  • the cooling water inlet and outlet 53 a , 53 b are connected to the cooling water flow path 8 to form a cooling water flow path.
  • the regions 108 a , 108 b , 108 c , 108 d , 118 a , 118 b , 118 c , and 118 d are rectangular, but may be square.
  • the size of the angle formed by the protrusions 104 a and 104 b intersecting with the center line extending in the front-rear direction when viewed from above is the same as the size of the angle formed by the protrusions 114 a and 114 b intersecting with the center line extending in the front-rear direction when viewed from above, but may be different therefrom.
  • the angle formed by the protrusions 104 a and 104 b intersecting with the center line that is a straight line extending in the front-rear direction when viewed from above is set to 30 degrees
  • the angle formed by the protrusions 114 a , 114 b intersecting with the center line that is a straight line extending in the front-rear direction when viewed from above is 120 degrees.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
US18/713,943 2021-11-29 2021-11-29 Heat exchanger Pending US20250027724A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2021/043670 WO2023095349A1 (ja) 2021-11-29 2021-11-29 熱交換器

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US20250027724A1 true US20250027724A1 (en) 2025-01-23

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JP (1) JPWO2023095349A1 (https=)
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WO (1) WO2023095349A1 (https=)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD1105015S1 (en) * 2021-10-20 2025-12-09 Nexark, Inc. SSD heat sink

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JPS4839721Y1 (https=) * 1968-08-28 1973-11-21
JP4122578B2 (ja) * 1997-07-17 2008-07-23 株式会社デンソー 熱交換器
JP2001355978A (ja) * 2000-06-12 2001-12-26 Toyo Radiator Co Ltd 気体冷却用積層型熱交換器
ITVR20020051U1 (it) * 2002-08-26 2004-02-27 Benetton Bruno Ora Onda Spa Scambiatore di calore a piastre.
JP4527557B2 (ja) 2005-01-26 2010-08-18 株式会社ティラド 熱交換器
JP5416451B2 (ja) * 2008-08-01 2014-02-12 福伸電機株式会社 プレート式熱交換器
JP5253116B2 (ja) * 2008-12-01 2013-07-31 株式会社日阪製作所 プレート式熱交換器
JP5356927B2 (ja) * 2009-06-17 2013-12-04 三菱電機株式会社 プレート式熱交換器
EP3472547A1 (en) * 2016-06-20 2019-04-24 SWEP International AB Heat exchanger
SE1651224A1 (en) * 2016-09-12 2018-03-13 Swep Int Ab Heat exchanger having through hole for fastening of hydro block
JP6492148B1 (ja) * 2017-10-24 2019-03-27 株式会社日阪製作所 プレート式熱交換器
SE545690C2 (en) * 2020-01-30 2023-12-05 Swep Int Ab A brazed plate heat exchanger and use thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD1105015S1 (en) * 2021-10-20 2025-12-09 Nexark, Inc. SSD heat sink

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EP4443092A1 (en) 2024-10-09
EP4443092A4 (en) 2025-09-03
WO2023095349A1 (ja) 2023-06-01
JPWO2023095349A1 (https=) 2023-06-01
CN118541580A (zh) 2024-08-23

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