US20230279574A1 - Method for producing a sheet metal product and sheet metal product - Google Patents

Method for producing a sheet metal product and sheet metal product Download PDF

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Publication number
US20230279574A1
US20230279574A1 US17/620,213 US202017620213A US2023279574A1 US 20230279574 A1 US20230279574 A1 US 20230279574A1 US 202017620213 A US202017620213 A US 202017620213A US 2023279574 A1 US2023279574 A1 US 2023279574A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
sheet metal
depressions
preliminary product
metal preliminary
rolled
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
US17/620,213
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English (en)
Inventor
Oliver Vogt
Benjamin Lauer
Stefan Wischmann
Sascha Sikora
Martin Koch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
Original Assignee
ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG filed Critical ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
Assigned to THYSSENKRUPP STEEL EUROPE AG reassignment THYSSENKRUPP STEEL EUROPE AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SIKORA, SASCHA, WISCHMANN, STEFAN, LAUER, Benjamin, KOCH, MARTIN, DR., VOGT, OLIVER, DR.
Publication of US20230279574A1 publication Critical patent/US20230279574A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
    • C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
    • C25D3/22—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of zinc
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
    • B21B1/222—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length in a rolling-drawing process; in a multi-pass mill
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0278—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips involving a particular surface treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
    • C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/26—After-treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
    • C25D7/06—Wires; Strips; Foils
    • C25D7/0614—Strips or foils

Definitions

  • the present invention is based on a method for producing a sheet metal product, wherein the sheet metal product is produced from a sheet metal preliminary product by mechanical forming.
  • Sheet metal preliminary products are usually processed further by means of mechanical forming methods, such as e.g. deep drawing.
  • the forces introduced into the sheet metal material in these methods are transferred to the sheet metal preliminary product via the surface of the sheet.
  • the geometry of the sheet metal product and the frictional forces between the surface of the sheet and the forming tool that arise in the forming process generate in some cases very high local loading on the sheet metal surface.
  • This local loadings which are composed of normal and shear forces, can undergo considerable changes during the forming.
  • the flow of the sheet is controlled and also the blank of the sheet metal preliminary product is adapted.
  • This influencing is brought about by additional lubrication with lubricants, for example. This results in the local reduction of frictional forces and thus in a reduction of the retaining forces.
  • the retaining forces can be increased by the use of drawbeads, for example.
  • depressions introduced into the surface of the sheet metal preliminary product in this way are used as what are known as lubricant pockets, which hold a lubricant applied to the surface of the sheet and can carry it along during the forming.
  • the functionality of the lubricants used is essentially determined by the additives added to the lubricant.
  • the additives may for example bring about the formation of a boundary layer and prevent direct contact between the surfaces of forming tool and sheet metal preliminary product.
  • the bond between the polymer chains is based on van der Waals forces. Therefore, these can be displaced relative to one another comparatively easily.
  • the bond between the polymer chains and the surfaces of forming tool and sheet metal preliminary product is based on a dipole bond.
  • the boundary layer is usually a few nanometers thin and can be detached easily from the surfaces of forming tool and sheet metal preliminary product.
  • the invention is therefore based on the technical problem of providing a production method for sheet metal products which does not have the disadvantages of the prior art, but rather offers effective lubrication when the sheet metal preliminary product is being formed combined with reduced use of lubricant.
  • This object is achieved by a method for producing a sheet metal product from a sheet metal preliminary product, wherein at least one surface of the sheet metal preliminary product is coated with a coating, wherein the sheet metal preliminary product is rolled, wherein depressions are rolled into the surface during the rolling operation, wherein after the coating and rolling operations lubricant is introduced into the depressions, wherein after the introduction of lubricant the sheet metal preliminary product is mechanically formed by a forming tool, characterized in that the surface is coated in such a way that, in the forming tool during the forming process, in particular with a relative movement between the surface of the sheet and the tool surface, the coating is elastically deformable under loads of 0.5 MPa to 20 MPa and plastically deformable under loads of above 20 MPa.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to transport the lubricant in the depressions in the form of lubricant pockets to the critical regions of the forming tool in a targeted manner.
  • the depressions make the surface of the sheet metal preliminary product able to absorb the lubricant and to transport it largely without loss. Only in the event of high loads, i.e. where the lubricant is required for the purpose of lubrication between sheet metal preliminary product and forming tool, is it released locally by a plastic deformation of the depressions.
  • the volumes of the depressions correspond to the required quantity of lubricant.
  • the required quantity of lubricant is between 0.5 g/mm 2 and 1 g/mm 2 .
  • sheet metal blanks or sheet metal in strip form are/is provided as the sheet metal preliminary product.
  • roller for rolling the depressions into the sheet metal preliminary product use is made of a skin pass roller, to which a geometric texture has been applied, in particular by a laser texturing process.
  • all metal sheet forming operations are conceivable. Examples that can be cited here are bending, deep drawing, twisting, pressing and stretching.
  • the coating is preferably between 1 ⁇ m and 30 ⁇ m thick, in particular between 2 ⁇ m and 15 ⁇ m thick.
  • the surface is coated in such a way that, in the forming tool during the forming process, in particular with a relative movement between the surface of the sheet and the tool surface, the coating is elastically deformable under loads of 0.5 MPa to 15 MPa and plastically deformable under loads of above 25 MPa.
  • the existing loads in the forming tool manifest themselves as pressure, i.e. force per unit area, on the surface of the sheet metal preliminary product.
  • a correspondingly advantageous configuration of the depressions makes it possible to manipulate the area on which the force acts. The deformability of the coating can thus be controlled accordingly.
  • the depressions are rolled in as closed depressions with respect to a main plane of extent of the sheet metal preliminary product.
  • This advantageously allows the lubricant to be transported securely and largely without loss.
  • no lubricant can run out of the depression laterally. This also ensures that, in the event of plastic deformation of the depression, the lubricant is released and is not pressed away from the region of the plastic deformation along a depression which is not closed.
  • the depressions are rolled in in the shape of an I, rectangle or square with respect to the main plane of extent of the sheet metal preliminary product. This produces trough-shaped depressions, for example. It has been found that this makes it possible to transport lubricant very effectively. However, it is also conceivable that the depressions are round, oval, triangular or cross-shaped with respect to the main plane of extent of the sheet metal preliminary product.
  • the depressions are rolled in with a depth of 2 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m, preferably 2 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 2 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m. This enables the volume of the depressions to be adapted well to the required volume of lubricant.
  • the depth of the depression is the depth of the depression after the surface has been coated.
  • the depressions are rolled in with a ratio of depth to volume of the depression of 1:3 to 1:15, and preferably 1:5 to 1:10. A corresponding ratio furthermore has a positive effect on the transport of lubricant and the selectively local wetting with lubricant.
  • the volume of the depression is the volume of the depression after the surface has been coated.
  • depressions are rolled in on at least 30% of the area of the surface of the sheet metal preliminary product. This ensures that lubricant is actually also transported to wherever high loads in the forming tool make it necessary to introduce lubricant.
  • the depressions are rolled in such that a base of the depression has a smaller area than the projection of the depression onto the main plane of extent of the surface.
  • the depressions are rolled in in the shape of a trough or cup, for example. This is particularly advantageous when the lubricant is being released as the depression deforms.
  • the depressions are rolled in such that walls of the depressions form an angle of 105° to 140° , and preferably 110° to 120° , with the main plane of extent of the surface.
  • the angle between the walls of the depressions and the main plane of extent of the surface makes it possible to selectively set the changes in volume of the depressions owing to the loading.
  • Correspondingly configured angles between the walls of the depressions and the main plane of extent of the surface have proven to be advantageous.
  • Zinc is used as the coating.
  • Zinc is outstandingly suitable as a cathodic corrosion protection coating.
  • the yield point of the zinc is exceeded at the locations in the forming tool that are exposed to high loading, as a result of which the lubricant is advantageously selectively released.
  • the sheet metal preliminary product is coated by hot-dip galvanizing, wherein the sheet metal preliminary product is coated before the rolling operation (rolling in of the depressions).
  • Hot-dip galvanizing is well known and is already incorporated to a great degree in production methods.
  • the surface is preferably coated with a closed coating, with the coating not being penetrated when the depressions are rolled in.
  • the sheet metal preliminary product is coated by electrolytic means, wherein the sheet metal preliminary product is coated after the rolling operation (rolling in of depressions).
  • the coatings follow the uncoated profile of the surface to be coated very precisely. Therefore, the coating may take place after the depressions have been rolled in. This sequence enables a very uniform coating, even within the depressions.
  • Another subject of the present invention for achieving the object set out in the introduction is a sheet metal product produced by the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows the method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a detail of a sheet metal preliminary product according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows a detail of the surface of a sheet metal preliminary product according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates the method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the sheet metal preliminary product 2 is provided in the form of a strip (coil material) or blank and rolled with skin pass rollers 3 .
  • the skin pass rollers 3 roll trough-shaped depressions (see FIG. 2 ) into the surface of the sheet metal preliminary product 2 .
  • the depressions are several micrometers deep, several micrometers long and wide, have a regular arrangement and are rolled in on approx. 40% of the surface.
  • the skin pass rollers 3 have previously been processed, preferably by a laser texturing process, such that they have a corresponding negative on their surface for rolling in the depressions.
  • the negative has an elevation for each depression, the elevation being higher than the depth of the depression rolled in by the elevation.
  • the skin pass rollers 3 are not in contact with the surface of the sheet metal preliminary product 2 over the entire surface area, this possibly having negative effects on the rolling/skin passing operation.
  • a skin passing liquid is preferably introduced between sheet metal preliminary product 2 and skin pass roller 3 , for example.
  • the surfaces are zinc-coated by electrolytic means to a thickness of approx. 7 ⁇ m in the coating installation 4 .
  • the zinc layer follows the surface geometry of the underlying surface, in particular the rolled-in depressions.
  • the zinc-coating is performed by means of hot-dip galvanization.
  • the coating would have to be carried out before the rolling/skin passing operation, because a coating applied by hot-dip galvanizing follows the surface geometry of the underlying surface, in particular the rolled-in depressions, less well than coating by electrolytic means.
  • the rolling in of the depressions downstream of the hot-dip galvanization would, however, compensate for this disadvantage again.
  • the lubricant 8 . 1 is now introduced into the depressions on the coated surface. In order to avoid unnecessary costs and to have a positive environmental impact, it should be ensured that essentially only as much lubricant 8 as the depressions can accommodate is introduced.
  • the rolled and coated sheet metal preliminary product 2 is cut to length from the strip to form a blank and then subjected to forming in a forming tool 5 . Deep drawing is illustrated by way of example here as one possible form of the forming operation.
  • the sheet metal preliminary product 2 which is still in the form of a blank, is inserted into the forming tool 5 . Outer edges of the sheet metal preliminary product 2 are retained by hold-down devices 5 . 3 of the forming tool 5 on supports 5 . 4 of the forming tool 5 , while the punch 5 . 1 presses the inner region of the sheet metal preliminary product 2 into the die 5 . 2 . This produces loads that act on the sheet metal preliminary product 2 , including on the hold-down devices 5 . 3 , on the supports 5 .
  • FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a detail of a sheet metal preliminary product 2 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • a section orthogonal to the main plane of extent of the surface 7 of the sheet metal preliminary product 2 can be seen.
  • the regularly arranged depressions 6 are several micrometers deep and comprise the base 6 . 1 and the walls 6 . 2 .
  • the walls 6 . 2 form an angle ⁇ from 110° to 120° with the main plane of extent of the surface 7 .
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows a detail of the surface 7 of a sheet metal preliminary product 2 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. What can be seen are depressions 6 , the projections of which onto the main plane of extent of the surface 7 are I-shaped. The surface 7 has the depressions 6 on more than 30% of its area.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
US17/620,213 2019-07-09 2020-07-02 Method for producing a sheet metal product and sheet metal product Pending US20230279574A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019118578.5 2019-07-09
DE102019118578.5A DE102019118578A1 (de) 2019-07-09 2019-07-09 Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Blechproduktes und Blechprodukt
PCT/EP2020/068623 WO2021004872A1 (de) 2019-07-09 2020-07-02 Verfahren zum herstellen eines blechproduktes und blechprodukt

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US20230279574A1 true US20230279574A1 (en) 2023-09-07

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US17/620,213 Pending US20230279574A1 (en) 2019-07-09 2020-07-02 Method for producing a sheet metal product and sheet metal product

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US20230279574A1 (de)
EP (1) EP3997253B1 (de)
CN (1) CN114080468B (de)
DE (1) DE102019118578A1 (de)
ES (1) ES2948492T3 (de)
PL (1) PL3997253T3 (de)
WO (1) WO2021004872A1 (de)

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SU1651444A1 (ru) * 1987-02-05 1996-08-27 Московский автомеханический институт Способ изготовления деформирующего элемента протяжки
FR2805200B1 (fr) * 2000-02-18 2002-10-11 Usinor Tole composite stratifiee emboutissable et resistante a la chaleur
JP3854469B2 (ja) * 2000-03-31 2006-12-06 新日本製鐵株式会社 高耐食性を有し加工性に優れためっき鋼材およびその製造方法
ATE477065T1 (de) * 2007-06-22 2010-08-15 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Flachprodukt aus einem metallwerkstoff, insbesondere einem stahlwerkstoff, verwendung eines solchen flachprodukts sowie walze und verfahren zur herstellung solcher flachprodukte
DE102010007840A1 (de) * 2010-02-11 2011-08-11 Wieland-Werke AG, 89079 Elektromechanisches Bauelement oder Gleitelement
CN101875059B (zh) * 2010-05-20 2013-02-13 宝钢集团上海二钢有限公司 一种制造ф5.0mm1860MPa超高强度热镀锌钢丝的方法
DE102012017703A1 (de) 2012-09-07 2014-03-13 Daetwyler Graphics Ag Flachprodukt aus Metallwerkstoff, insbesondere einem Stahlwerkstoff, Verwendung eines solchen Flachprodukts sowie Walze und Verfahren zur Herstellung solcher Flachprodukte
DE102013100730B3 (de) * 2013-01-25 2014-06-05 Thyssenkrupp Rasselstein Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von verzinktem Fein- oder Feinstblech mit hoher Korrosionsbeständigkeit sowie Verwendung des verzinkten Fein- oder Feinstblechs
BR112017007273B1 (pt) * 2014-10-09 2021-03-09 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag produto de aço plano laminado a frio e recozido, recristalizado, e método para a fabricação de um produto de aço plano formado

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Publication number Publication date
ES2948492T3 (es) 2023-09-13
CN114080468A (zh) 2022-02-22
EP3997253A1 (de) 2022-05-18
DE102019118578A1 (de) 2021-01-14
PL3997253T3 (pl) 2023-09-04
WO2021004872A1 (de) 2021-01-14
CN114080468B (zh) 2024-03-15
EP3997253B1 (de) 2023-04-19

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