US20230159486A1 - Substituted thiophenecarboxamides and analogues as antibacterials agents - Google Patents

Substituted thiophenecarboxamides and analogues as antibacterials agents Download PDF

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US20230159486A1
US20230159486A1 US17/256,944 US201917256944A US2023159486A1 US 20230159486 A1 US20230159486 A1 US 20230159486A1 US 201917256944 A US201917256944 A US 201917256944A US 2023159486 A1 US2023159486 A1 US 2023159486A1
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alkyl
formula
compound
hydrogen atom
methyl
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David Bernier
Stéphane Brunet
Pierre-Yves Coqueron
Jérémy DUFOUR
Thomas Knobloch
Lionel NICOLAS
Tomoki Tsuchiya
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Bayer AG
Bayer SAS
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Assigned to BAYER S.A.S. reassignment BAYER S.A.S. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: NICOLAS, Lionel, BRUNET, STEPHANE, COQUERON, PIERRE-YVES, DUFOUR, JEREMY, KNOBLOCH, THOMAS, BERNIER, DAVID, TSUCHIYA, TOMOKI
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
    • C07D413/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
    • A01N43/10—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings with sulfur as the ring hetero atom
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/24—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms
    • A01N43/26—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms five-membered rings
    • A01N43/28—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms five-membered rings with two hetero atoms in positions 1,3
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/74—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,3
    • A01N43/76—1,3-Oxazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3-oxazoles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N55/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing organic compounds containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
    • A01P1/00—Disinfectants; Antimicrobial compounds or mixtures thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
    • A01P13/00—Herbicides; Algicides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P33/00—Antiparasitic agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D333/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D333/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
    • C07D333/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom
    • C07D333/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D333/38—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D409/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
    • C07D409/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
    • C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
    • C07F7/0803—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages
    • C07F7/081—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te
    • C07F7/0812—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te comprising a heterocyclic ring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
    • C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
    • C07F7/0803—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages
    • C07F7/0825—Preparations of compounds not comprising Si-Si or Si-cyano linkages
    • C07F7/083—Syntheses without formation of a Si-C bond

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to substituted thiophene carboxamides and analogues thereof that may be used for protecting plants from bacterial diseases, in particular caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Xanthomonas.
  • Plant pathogenic bacteria can cause severe economically damaging diseases throughout the world. Bacteria belonging to the genus Xanthomonas are among the plant pathogenic bacteria considered to be the most devastating. They are the causal agents of various diseases on different host plants of agronomic significance. Examples of such diseases include bacterial spot (caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria ) affecting pepper and tomato, black rot of crucifers (caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris ) affecting all cultivated brassica (e.g. Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower and broccoli), citrus canker (caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.
  • citri affecting citrus species (lime, orange, grapefruit, pummelo), bacterial leaf blight (caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae ) affecting rice, leaf spot (caused by Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni ) affecting Prunus species (e.g. apricot, plum, peach), common bacterial blight (caused by Xanthomonas phaseoli ) affecting bean, cassava bacterial blight (caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis ) affecting cassava and angular leaf spot/bacterial blight (cause by Xanthomonas campestris pv. malvacearum ) affecting cotton.
  • Bacterial plant diseases may be controlled in different ways, including mainly the use of disease-resistant varieties of plants and the use of bactericides (natural or synthetic).
  • the antibiotic resistance crisis in medicine and the emergence of some antibiotic resistant plant pathogens have triggered the development of alternatives to antibiotics in order to preserve their efficacy and to broaden the scope of disease management solutions. Therefore, products that do not act directly on the pathogenic bacteria, i.e. that have no direct antibiotic effect, but that stimulate the plants' own defense system have been developed. These products are known as plant defense activators.
  • plant defense activators include Acibenzolar-S-methyl (marketed as Bion® and Actigard®), 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid, ⁇ -aminobutyric acid, probenazole (Oryzemate®), salicylic acid, riboflavin, prohexadione-calcium, potassium phosphonate, harpin protein (Messenger®) and methyl jasmonate.
  • the need remains to provide new chemicals and methods allowing controlling efficiently bacterial diseases, in particular diseases caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Xanthomonas , at low dose while not interacting directly with the bacteria so as to prevent resistance development. As the chemicals do not interact directly with the bacteria, it is unlikely that they will develop resistance to these chemicals.
  • Some substituted thiophenecarboxamide derivatives are known to be useful for combatting plant diseases.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,534,541 discloses halogeno thiophene carboxylic acid derivatives that are useful for protecting plants from attacks by plant-damaging microorganisms, such as fungi and bacteria, via a direct action or a systemic action.
  • these compounds were found by the present inventors to be poorly efficient against Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris at low dose.
  • halogeno thiophene carboxylic acid derivatives are disclosed in WO2004/024692. These derivatives are said to be effective in controlling fungal diseases. They would exert their action via a direct effect on the undesired microorganisms but also thanks to a resistance inducing effect on plants. WO2004/024692 also suggests that these compounds could be useful in controlling bacterial diseases but does not provide any evidences of such activity.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of formula (II) as disclosed herein, as well as to processes and intermediates for their preparation.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for controlling bacterial diseases as disclosed herein.
  • C 1 -C 6 -alkyl refers to a saturated, branched or straight hydrocarbon chain having 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 carbon atoms.
  • Examples of C 1 -C 6 -alkyl include but are not limited to methyl, ethyl, propyl (n-propyl), 1-methylethyl (iso-propyl), butyl (n-butyl), 1-methylpropyl (sec-butyl), 2-methylpropyl (iso-butyl), 1,1-dimethylethyl (tert-butyl), pentyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-ethylpropyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, hexyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl
  • said hydrocarbon chain has 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms (“C 1 -C 4 -alkyl”), e.g. methyl, ethyl, propyl, iso-propyl, butyl, sec-butyl, iso-butyl or tert-butyl.
  • C 1 -C 4 -alkyl e.g. methyl, ethyl, propyl, iso-propyl, butyl, sec-butyl, iso-butyl or tert-butyl.
  • haloalkyl as used herein is to be understood as preferably meaning branched and unbranched alkyl, as defined supra, in which one or more of the hydrogen substituents is replaced in the same way or differently with halogen.
  • said haloalkyl is, e.g. chloromethyl, fluoropropyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trichloromethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, pentafluoroethyl, bromobutyl, trifluoromethyl, iodoethyl, and isomers thereof.
  • cycloalkyl refers to a non-aromatic monocyclic carbon-containing ring, having 3 to 8 carbon atoms.
  • saturated cycloalkyl include but are not limited to cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclononyl and cyclodecyl group.
  • alkenyl as used herein is to be understood as preferably meaning branched and unbranched alkenyl, e.g. a vinyl, propen-1-yl, propen-2-yl, but-1-en-1-yl, but-1-en-2-yl, but-2-en-1-yl, but-2-en-2-yl, but-1-en-3-yl, 2-methyl-prop-2-en-1-yl, or 2-methyl-prop-1-en-1-yl group.
  • alkynyl as used herein is to be understood as preferably meaning branched and unbranched alkynyl, e.g. an ethynyl, prop-1-yn-1-yl, but-1-yn-1-yl, but-2-yn-1-yl, or but-3-yn-1-yl group.
  • aryl refers to an aromatic, hydrocarbon, ring system, comprising from 6 to 15 carbon atoms, or from 6 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably from 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • the ring system may be monocyclic or fused polycyclic (e.g. bicyclic or tricyclic) aromatic ring system.
  • Examples of aryl include but are not limited to phenyl, azulenyl, naphthyl and fluorenyl. It is further understood that when said aryl group is substituted with one or more substituents, said substituent(s) may be at any positions on said aryl ring(s).
  • aryl being a phenyl group
  • said substituent(s) may occupy one or both ortho positions, one or both meta positions, or the para position, or any combination of these positions.
  • This definition also applies to aryl as part of a composite substituent (e.g. aryloxy).
  • aralkyl refers to a C 1 -C 6 -alkyl substituted by an aryl as defined herein.
  • Example of aralkyl includes the benzyl group (—CH 2 —O 6 H 5 ).
  • the present invention relates to compounds of formula (II):
  • the compound of formula (II) may be present in the form of different stereoisomers. These stereoisomers are, for example, enantiomers, diastereomers, atropisomers or geometric isomers. Accordingly, the invention encompasses both pure stereoisomers and any mixture of these isomers. Where a compound can be present in two or more tautomer forms in equilibrium, reference to the compound by means of one tautomeric description is to be considered to include all tautomer forms.
  • the compound of formula (II) can suitably be in its free form, salt form, N-oxide form or solvate form (e.g. hydrate).
  • the compound of formula (II) may be present in the form of the free compound and/or a salt thereof, such as an agrochemically active salt.
  • Agrochemically active salts include acid addition salts of inorganic and organic acids well as salts of customary bases.
  • inorganic acids are hydrohalic acids, such as hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide and hydrogen iodide, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and nitric acid, and acidic salts, such as sodium bisulfate and potassium bisulfate.
  • Useful organic acids include, for example, formic acid, carbonic acid and alkanoic acids such as acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid and propionic acid, and also glycolic acid, thiocyanic acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, oxalic acid, saturated or mono- or diunsaturated fatty acids having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, alkylsulfuric monoesters, alkylsulfonic acids (sulfonic acids having straight-chain or branched alkyl radicals having 1 to 20 carbon atoms), arylsulfonic acids or aryldisulfonic acids (aromatic radicals, such as phenyl and naphthyl, which bear one or two sulfonic acid groups), alkylphosphonic acids (phosphonic acids having straight-chain or branched alkyl radicals having 1 to 20 carbon atoms), arylphosphonic
  • Solvates of the compounds of formula (II) or their salts are stoichiometric compositions of the compounds with solvents.
  • the compounds of formula (II) may exist in multiple crystalline and/or amorphous forms. Crystalline forms include unsolvated crystalline forms, solvates and hydrates.
  • R 4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, 2-methylpropyl, 1-methylpropyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopropyl substituted by C 2 -C 6 -alkenyl, aralkyl and aralkyl substituted by hydroxyl and R 5 is a hydrogen atom.
  • Non-limiting examples of suitable R 4 groups include any of the R 4 groups disclosed in column “R 4 ” of Table II.1.
  • R 6 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 1 -C 6 -haloalkyl, C 1 -C 6 -cyanoalkyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkynyl, cyclopropyl, phenyl, benzyl, —C 1 -C 6 -alkyl-Si(C 1 -C 6 -alkyl) 3 and —C 1 -C 6 -alkyl-cyclopropyl;
  • suitable R 6 groups include any of the R 6 groups disclosed in column “R 6 ” of Table II.1.
  • R 7 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl.
  • R 4 , R 6 and R 7 can be combined in various manners to provide sub-classes of compounds according to the invention.
  • Non-limiting examples of sub-classes of compounds include the sub-classes described herein below.
  • compounds of the present invention are compounds of formula (II):
  • the compounds of formula (II) may be used for controlling bacterial diseases, in particular for controlling diseases caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Xanthomonas.
  • the present invention relates to processes for the preparation of compounds of formula (II).
  • the compounds of formula (II) can be prepared by various routes in analogy to known processes (see references therein), and by one or more of the following synthetic routes described herein below and in the experimental part.
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 have the same meaning as given above for compounds of formula (II).
  • U′ is a halogen atom, a hydroxy group or a C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy group.
  • Suitable condensing agents may be selected in the non-limited list consisting of acid halide former, such as phosgene, phosphorous tribromide, phosphorous trichloride, phosphorous pentachloride, phosphorous trichloride oxide, oxalyl chloride or thionyl chloride; anhydride former, such as ethyl chloroformate, methyl chloroformate, isopropyl chloroformate, isobutyl chloroformate or methanesulfonyl chloride; carbodiimides, such as N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) or other customary condensing agents, such as phosphorous pentoxide
  • acid halide former such as phosgene, phosphorous tribromide, phosphorous t
  • process A2 is advantageously conducted in the presence of an acid binder.
  • Suitable acid binders for carrying out process A2 are in each case all inorganic and organic bases that are customary for such reactions.
  • alkali metal carbonates such as cesium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, akaline earth metal acetates, such as sodium acetate, potassium acetate, calcium acetate and also tertiary amines, such as trimethylamine, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, tributylamine, N,N-dimethylaniline, N-methylpiperidine, N,N-dimethylpyridin-4-amine, diazabicyclooctane (DABCO), diazabicyclo-nonene (DBN) or diazabicycloundecene (DBU), or aromatic bases such as pyridine.
  • DABCO diazabicyclo-nonene
  • DBU di
  • process A2 can be conducted with an excess of the amine component, optionally in the presence of a Lewis acid such as trimethylaluminium.
  • process A2 can be performed in the presence of a base and if appropriate, in the presence of a solvent, preferably under anhydrous conditions.
  • Suitable solvents for carrying out process A2 are not particularly limited. They can be customary inert organic solvents as long as it is not dissolving the compound to react therewith or exhibit any particular interaction therewith. Preference is given to using optionally halogenated, aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic hydrocarbons, such as petroleum ether, pentane, hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, methykcyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene, decalin, ISOPARTM E or ISOPARTM G, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, dichloromethane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloroethane or trichloroethane; ethers, such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, methyl tert-amyl ether, dioxane, t
  • Process A2 may be performed in an inert atmosphere such as argon or nitrogen atmosphere.
  • an inert atmosphere such as argon or nitrogen atmosphere.
  • 1 mole or an excess of compound of formula (XV) and from 1 to 5 moles of base can be employed per mole of compound of formula (XIV). It is also possible to employ the reaction components in other ratios. Work-up is carried out by known methods.
  • U 10 , U 11 and U 12 are independently a hydrogen atom or a chlorine atom provided that at least one of U 10 , U 11 or U 12 is a hydrogen atom.
  • Process B2 can be carried out according to known processes (WO2007098356).
  • Process B2 is performed in the presence of a chlorination agent and if appropriate, in the presence of a solvent.
  • Suitable chlorination agents for carrying out process B2 are not particularly limited provided they are used for chlorination.
  • Examples of chlorination agents include N-chlorosuccinimide, sulfuryl chloride and 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione.
  • Suitable solvents for carrying out process B2 are not particularly limited. They can be customary inert organic solvents as long as it is not dissolving the compound to react therewith or exhibit any particular interaction therewith. Suitable solvents can be for instance the solvents disclosed in connection with process A2. To carry out process B2, it can also be advantageous to use an organic acid such as acetic acid as a solvent or a co-solvent.
  • U 13 , U 14 and U 15 are independently an amino group or a chlorine atom provided that at least one of U 13 , U 14 or U 15 is an amino group.
  • Process C2 can be carried out according to known processes (The Chemistry of diazonium and diazo groups; Saul Patai; Wiley-Interscience; 1978; 288-280 and 645-657; Account of Chemical Research (2016), 51, 496 and cited references therein).
  • U 13 , U 14 and U 15 are independently an amino group or a chlorine atom provided that only one of U 13 , U 14 or U 15 is an amino group
  • U 16 , U 17 and U 18 are independently a protected amino group or a chlorine atom provided that at least one of U 18 , U 17 or U 18 is a protected amino group.
  • Examples of protecting groups of the amino group include a benzyl group, a 4-methoxybenzyl group, an allyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted C 1 -C 6 -akylsulfonyl, a trifluoromethylsulfonyl, an unsubstituted or substituted phenylsulfonyl, an unsubstituted or substituted C 1 -C 6 -alkoxycarbonyl, an unsubstituted or substituted benzyloxycarbonyl, an allyloxycarbonyl, an acetyl group or a trifluoroacetyl group.
  • the deprotection process can be carried out according to known processes for removing protecting groups (Greene's Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis; Peter G. M. Wuts; Wiley; Fifth Edition; 2014; 895-1194).
  • protecting groups Greene's Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis; Peter G. M. Wuts; Wiley; Fifth Edition; 2014; 895-1194.
  • tert-butoxycarbonyl and benzyloxycarbonyl protecting groups can be removed in an acidic medium (for example with hydrochloric acid or trifluoroacetic acid).
  • Benzylic protecting groups can be removed hydrogenolytically with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst (for example palladium on activated carbon).
  • Trifluoroacetyl group can be removed in a basic medium (for example with potassium carbonate or lithium hydroxide).
  • U 13 , U 14 , U 15 , U 16 , U 17 and U 18 are as described herein and U 1 is a halogen atom, a hydroxy group or a C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy group.
  • Compounds of formula (II) or one of its salts wherein R 6 represents a hydrogen atom can be prepared from compounds of formula (II) wherein Re represents C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 1 -C 6 -haloalkyl, C1-C 6 -cyanoalkyl, C 2 -C 6 -akenyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 -cycloakyl, aryl, aralkyl, —C 1 -C 6 -akyl-Si(C 1 -C 6 -akyl) 3 and —C 1 -C 6 -alkyl-cyclopropyl by well-known processes such as basic hydrolysis.
  • R 6 represents C 1 -C 6 -akyl, C 1 -C 6 -haloalkyl, C 1 -C 6 -cyanoalkyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkynyl, C 3 -C 8 -cycloakyl, aryl, aralkyl, —C 1 -C 6 -akyl-Si(C 1 -C 6 -alkyl) 3 and —C 1 -C 6 -alkyl-cyclopropyl can be prepared from compounds of formula (II) or one of its salts wherein R 6 represents a hydrogen atom by well-known processes.
  • the intermediates as disclosed herein may be efficient in controlling bacteria and/or fungi.
  • the present invention relates to intermediates for the preparation of compounds of formula (II).
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 have the same meaning as given above for compounds of formula (II).
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 are a chlorine atom
  • R 4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, 2-methylpropyl, 1-methylpropyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopropyl substituted by C 2 -C 6 -alkenyl, aralkyl and aralkyl substituted by hydroxyl and R 5 is a hydrogen atom; or R 4 and R 5 form together with the carbon atom to which they are linked a cyclopropyl
  • R 6 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 1 -C 6 -haloalkyl, C 1 -C 6 -cyanoalkyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 -cycloakyl, aryl, aralkyl, —C 1 -C 6 -akyl-Si(C 1 -
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 are a chlorine atom
  • R 4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, 2-methylpropyl, 1-methylpropyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopropyl substituted by C 2 -C 6 -alkenyl, aralkyl and aralkyl substituted by hydroxyl
  • R 5 is a hydrogen atom; or R 4 and R 5 form together with the carbon atom to which they are linked a cyclopropyl
  • R 6 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 1 -C 6 -haloalkyl, C 1 -C 6 -cyanoalkyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 -cycloakyl, aryl, aralkyl, —C 1 -C 6 -akyl-Si(C 1
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 are a chlorine atom
  • R 4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, 2-methylpropyl, 1-methylpropyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopropyl substituted by C 2 -C 6 -alkenyl, aralkyl and aralkyl substituted by hydroxyl and R 5 is a hydrogen atom; or R 4 and R 5 form together with the carbon atom to which they are linked a cyclopropyl
  • R 6 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 1 -C 6 -haloalkyl, C 1 -C 6 -cyanoalkyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 -cycloakyl, aryl, aralkyl, —C 1 -C 6 -akyl-Si(C 1 -
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 are a chlorine atom
  • R 4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, 2-methylpropyl, 1-methylpropyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopropyl substituted by C 2 Ce-alkenyl, aralkyl and aralkyl substituted by hydroxyl and R 5 is a hydrogen atom; or R 4 and R 5 form together with the carbon atom to which they are linked a cyclopropyl
  • R 6 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 1 -C 6 -haloalkyl, C 1 -C 6 -cyanoalkyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 -cycloakyl, aryl, aralkyl, —C 1 -C 6 -akyl-Si(C 1 -C 6 -
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 are a chlorine atom;
  • U 1a is a hydroxy group or a C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy group, provided that the compound of formula (XIXc) does not represent:
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 are a chlorine atom
  • V is a benzyl group, a 4-methoxybenzyl group, an allyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted C 1 -C 6 -alkoxycarbonyl, an unsubstituted or substituted benzyloxycarbonyl, an allyloxycarbonyl, an acetyl group or a trifluoroacetyl group
  • U 1a is a hydroxy group or a C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy group, provided that the compound of formula (XXc) does not represent:
  • the disclosed intermediates may be efficient in controlling bacteria and/or fungi.
  • the present invention further relates to a composition, in particular a composition for controlling plant diseases caused by bacteria of the genus Xanthomonas comprising one or more compounds of formula (II) as disclosed herein above and any mixtures thereof.
  • composition typically comprises at least one compound of formula (II) and at least one agriculturally suitable auxiliary, e.g. carrier(s) and/or surfactant(s).
  • agriculturally suitable auxiliary e.g. carrier(s) and/or surfactant(s).
  • a carrier is a solid or liquid, natural or synthetic, organic or inorganic substance that is generally inert.
  • the carrier generally improves the application of the compounds, for instance, to plants, plants parts or seeds.
  • suitable solid carriers include, but are not limited to, ammonium salts, natural rock flours, such as kaolins, clays, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite and diatomaceous earth, and synthetic rock flours, such as finely divided silica, alumina and silicates.
  • typically useful solid carriers for preparing granules include, but are not limited to crushed and fractionated natural rocks such as calcite, marble, pumice, sepiolite and dolomite, synthetic granules of inorganic and organic flours and granules of organic material such as paper, sawdust, coconut shells, maize cobs and tobacco stalks.
  • suitable liquid carriers include, but are not limited to, water, organic solvents and combinations thereof.
  • suitable solvents include polar and nonpolar organic chemical liquids, for example from the classes of aromatic and nonaromatic hydrocarbons (such as cyclohexane, paraffins, alkylbenzenes, xylene, toluene alkylnaphthalenes, chlorinated aromatics or chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzenes, chloroethylenes or methylene chloride), alcohols and polyols (which may optionally also be substituted, etherified and/or esterified, such as butanol or glycol), ketones (such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone or cyclohexanone), esters (including fats and oils) and (poly)ethers, unsubstituted and substituted amines, amides (such as dimethylformamide), lactams (such as N-alkylpyrrolidones) and lactones, sulf
  • the carrier may also be a liquefied gaseous extender, i.e. liquid which is gaseous at standard temperature and under standard pressure, for example aerosol propellants such as halohydrocarbons, butane, propane, nitrogen and carbon dioxide.
  • the amount of carrier typically ranges from 1 to 99.99%, preferably from 5 to 99.9%, more preferably from 10 to 99.5%, and most preferably from 20 to 99% by weight of the composition.
  • the surfactant can be an ionic (cationic or anionic) or non-ionic surfactant, such as ionic or non-ionic emulsifier(s), foam former(s), dispersant(s), wetting agent(s) and any mixtures thereof.
  • surfactants include, but are not limited to, salts of polyacrylic acid, salts of lignosulfonic acid, salts of phenolsulfonic acid or naphthalenesulfonic acid, polycondensates of ethylene and/or propylene oxide with fatty alcohols, fatty acids or fatty amines (polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ethers, for example alkylaryl polyglycol ethers), substituted phenols (preferably alkylphenols or aryl phenols), salts of sulfosuccinic esters, taurine derivatives (preferably akyl taurates), phosphoric esters of polyethoxylated alcohols or phenols, fatty esters of polyols and derivatives of compounds containing sulfates, sulfonates, phosphates (for example, alkylsulfonates, akyl sulfates, arylsulfonates) and
  • auxiliaries include water repellents, siccatives, binders (adhesive, tackifier, fixing agent, such as carboxymethylcellulose, natural and synthetic polymers in the form of powders, granules or latices, such as gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl acetate, natural phospholipids such as cephalins and lecithins and synthetic phospholipids, polyvinylpyrrolidone and tylose), thickeners, stabilizers (e.g. cold stabilizers, preservatives, antioxidants, light stabilizers, or other agents which improve chemical and/or physical stability), dyes or pigments (such as inorganic pigments, e.g.
  • organic dyes e.g. alizarin, azo and metal phthalocyanine dyes
  • antifoams e.g. silicone antifoams and magnesium stearate
  • preservatives e.g.
  • dichlorophene and benzyl alcohol hemiformal secondary thickeners (cellulose derivatives, acrylic acid derivatives, xanthan, modified clays and finely divided silica), stickers, gibberellins and processing auxiliaries, mineral and vegetable oils, perfumes, waxes, nutrients (including trace nutrients, such as salts of iron, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, molybdenum and zinc), protective colloids, thixotropic substances, penetrants, sequestering agents and complex formers.
  • secondary thickeners cellulose derivatives, acrylic acid derivatives, xanthan, modified clays and finely divided silica
  • stickers gibberellins and processing auxiliaries
  • mineral and vegetable oils perfumes
  • waxes including trace nutrients, such as salts of iron, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, molybdenum and zinc
  • protective colloids including trace nutrients, such as salts of iron, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, molyb
  • auxiliaries are related to the intended mode of application of the compound of the invention and/or on the physical properties. Furthermore, the auxiliaries may be chosen to impart particular properties (technical, physical and/or biological properties) to the compositions or use forms prepared therefrom. The choice of auxiliaries may allow customizing the compositions to specific needs.
  • composition of the invention may be in any customary form, such as solutions (e.g. aqueous solutions), emulsions, wettable powders, water- and oil-based suspensions, powders, dusts, pastes, soluble powders, soluble granules, granules for broadcasting, suspoemulsion concentrates, natural or synthetic products impregnated with the compound(s) of the invention, fertilizers and also microencapsulations in polymeric substances.
  • solutions e.g. aqueous solutions
  • emulsions e.g. aqueous solutions
  • emulsions e.g. aqueous solutions
  • emulsions e.g. aqueous solutions
  • emulsions e.g. aqueous solutions
  • emulsions e.g. aqueous solutions
  • emulsions e.g. aqueous solutions
  • emulsions e.g. aqueous solutions
  • composition of the invention may be provided to the end user as ready-for-use formulation, i.e. the compositions may be directly applied to the plants or seeds by a suitable device, such as a spraying or dusting device.
  • a suitable device such as a spraying or dusting device.
  • the compositions may be provided to the end user in the form of concentrates which have to be diluted, preferably with water, prior to use.
  • composition of the invention can be prepared in conventional manners, for example by mixing the compound(s) of the invention with one or more suitable auxiliaries, such as disclosed herein above.
  • composition according to the invention contains generally from 0.01 to 99% by weight, from 0.05 to 98% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 95% by weight, more preferably from 0.5 to 90% by weight, most preferably from 1 to 80% by weight of the compound(s) of the invention. It is possible that a composition comprises two or more compounds of the invention. In such case the outlined ranges refer to the total amount of compounds of the present invention.
  • the compound(s) and the composition of the invention can be mixed with other active ingredients like fungicides, bactericides, acaricides, nematicides, insecticides, herbicides, fertilizers, growth regulators, safeners and/or semiochemicals. This may allow to broaden the activity spectrum or to prevent development of resistance. Examples of known fungicides, insecticides, acaricides, nematicides and bactericides are disclosed in the Pesticide Manual, 17 th Edition.
  • Inhibitors of the ergosterol biosynthesis for example (1.001) cyproconazole, (1.002) difenoconazole, (1.003) epoxiconazole, (1.004) fenhexamid, (1.005) fenpropidin, (1.006) fenpropimorph, (1.007) fenpyrazamine, (1.008) fluquinconazole, (1.009) flutriafol, (1.010) imazalil, (1.011) imazalil sulfate, (1.012) ipconazole, (1.013) metconazole, (1.014) myclobutanil, (1.015) paclobutrazol, (1.016) prochloraz, (1.017) propiconazole, (1.018) prothioconazole, (1.019) pyrisoxazole, (1.020) spiroxamine, (1.021) tebuconazole, (1.022) tetraconazole, (1.023) t
  • Inhibitors of the respiratory chain at complex I or II for example (2.001) benzovindiflupyr, (2.002) bixafen, (2.003) boscalid, (2.004) carboxin, (2.005) fluopyram, (2.006) flutolanil, (2.007) fluxapyroxad, (2.008) furametpyr, (2.009) Isofetamid, (2.010) isopyrazam (anti-epimeric enantiomer 1R,4S,9S), (2.011) isopyrazam (anti-epimeric enantiomer 1S,4R,9R), (2.012) isopyrazam (anti-epimeric racemate 1 RS,4SR,9SR), (2.013) isopyrazam (mixture of syn-epimeric racemate 1 RS,4SR,9RS and anti-epimeric racemate 1 RS,4SR,9SR), (2.014) isopyrazam (syn-epimeric enantiomer 1R
  • Inhibitors of the respiratory chain at complex III for example (3.001) ametoctradin, (3.002) amisulbrom, (3.003) azoxystrobin, (3.004) coumethoxystrobin, (3.005) coumoxystrobin, (3.006) cyazofamid, (3.007) dimoxystrobin, (3.008) enoxastrobin, (3.009) famoxadone, (3.010) fenamidone, (3.011) flufenoxystrobin, (3.012) fluoxastrobin, (3.013) kresoxim-methyl, (3.014) metominostrobin, (3.015) orysastrobin, (3.016) picoxystrobin, (3.017) pyraclostrobin, (3.018) pyrametostrobin, (3.019) pyraoxystrobin, (3.020) trifloxystrobin, (3.021) (2E)-2- ⁇ 2-[( ⁇ [(1E)-1-(3- ⁇ [(E)
  • Inhibitors of the mitosis and cell division for example (4.001) carbendazim, (4.002) diethofencarb, (4.003) ethaboxam, (4.004) fluopicolide, (4.005) pencycuron, (4.006) thiabendazole, (4.007) thiophanate-methyl, (4.008) zoxamide, (4.009) 3-chloro-4-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-6-methyl-5-phenylpyridazine, (4.010) 3-chloro-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-6-methylpyridazine, (4.011) 3-chloro-5-(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)-6-methyl-4-(2,4,6-trifluorophenyl)pyridazine, (4.012) 4-(2-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-N-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-
  • Inhibitors of the cell wall synthesis for example (9.001) benthiavalicarb, (9.002) dimethomorph, (9.003) flumorph, (9.004) iprovalicarb, (9.005) mandipropamid, (9.006) pyrimorph, (9.007) valifenalate, (9.008) (2E)-3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-3-(2-chloropyridin-4-yl)-1-(morpholin-4-yl)prop-2-en-1-one, (9.009) (2Z)-3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-3-(2-chloropyridin-4-yl)-1-(morpholin-4-yl)prop-2-en-1-one.
  • Inhibitors of the lipid and membrane synthesis for example (10.001) propamocarb, (10.002) propamocarb hydrochloride, (10.003) tolclofos-methyl.
  • Inhibitors of the melanin biosynthesis for example (11.001) tricyclazole, (11.002) 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ⁇ 3-methyl-1-[(4-methylbenzoyl)amino]butan-2-yl ⁇ carbamate.
  • Inhibitors of the nucleic acid synthesis for example (12.001) benalaxyl, (12.002) benalaxyl-M (kiralaxyl), (12.003) metalaxyl, (12.004) metalaxyl-M (mefenoxam).
  • 13) Inhibitors of the signal transduction for example (13.001) fludioxonil, (13.002) iprodione, (13.003) procymidone, (13.004) proquinazid, (13.005) quinoxyfen, (13.006) vinclozolin.
  • Compounds acting as an uncoupler for example (14.001) fluazinam, (14.002) meptyldinocap.
  • the compound combinations comprise the following components: (II.01)+(1.001), (II.01)+(1.002), (II.01)+(1.003), (II.01)+(1.004), (II.01)+(1.005), (II.01)+(1.006), (II.01)+(1.007), (II.01)+(1.008), (II.01)+(1.009), (II.01)+(1.010), (II.01)+(1.011), (II.01)+(1.012), (II.01)+(1.013), (II.01)+(1.014), (II.01)+(1.015), (II.01)+(1.016), (II.01)+(1.017), (II.01)+(1.018), (II.01)+(1.019), (II.01)+(1.020), (II.01)+(1.021), (II.01)+(1.022),
  • the first component is a compound of formula (II) as defined in table II.1 (e.g. II.01) and the second component is a fungicide chosen in groups 1 to 15 as defined herein.
  • the combination (II.01)+(1.001) corresponds to a combination comprising compound II.01 in Table II.1 and cyproconazole (1.001).
  • the compound combinations correspond to the above described combinations wherein compound (II.01) is replaced with any one of the compounds recited in Table II.1.
  • the compounds of formula (II), and the fungicide selected from groups (1) to (15), can be present in a weight ratio ranging from 100:1 to 1:100 (compound of formula (II): fungicide selected from the groups (1) to (15)), or ranging from 50:1 to 1:50, or ranging from 20:1 to 1:20.
  • weight ratio ranges include 95:1 to 1.95, 90:1 to 1-90, 85:1 to 1:85, 80:1 to 1:80, 75:1 to 1:75, 70:1 to 1:70, 65:1 to 1:65, 60:1 to 1:60, 55:1 to 1:55, 45:1 to 1:45, 40:1 to 1:40, 35:1 to 1:35, 30:1 to 1:30, 25:1 to 125, 15:1 to 1:15, 10:1 to 1:10, 5:1 to 1:5, 4:1 to 1:4, 3:1 to 1:3, 2:1 to 12.
  • a further fungicide chosen in groups 1 to 15 as defined herein may be added to the compound combinations.
  • the compound(s) and the composition of the invention may also be combined with one or more biological control agents.
  • biological control agents which may be combined with the compound(s) and the composition of the invention are:
  • Antibacterial agents selected from the group of: (A1) bacteria, such as (A1.1) Bacillus subtilis , in particular strain QST713/AQ713 (available as SERENADE OPTI or SERENADE ASO from Bayer CropScience LP, US, having NRRL Accession No. B21661 and described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,060,051); (A1.2) Bacillus amyloliquefaciens , in particular strain D747 (available as Double NickelTM from Certis, US, having accession number FERM BP-8234 and disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,094,592); (A1.3) Bacillus pumilus , in particular strain BU F-33 (having NRRL Accession No.
  • fungi such as (A2.1) Aureobasidium pullulans , in particular blastospores of strain DSM14940; (A2.2) Aureobasidium pullulans blastospores of strain DSM 14941; (A2.3) Aureobasidium pullulans , in particular mixtures of blastospores of strains DSM14940 and DSM14941; (B) Fungicides selected from the group of: (B1) bacteria, for example (B1.1) Bacillus subtilis , in particular strain QST713/AQ713 (available as SERENADE OPTI or SERENADE ASO from Bayer CropScience LP, US, having NRRL Accession No.
  • B1 bacteria for example (B1.1) Bacillus subtilis , in particular strain QST713/AQ713 (available as SERENADE OPTI or SERENADE ASO from Bayer CropScience LP, US, having NRRL Accession No.
  • Bacillus pumilus in particular strain QST2808 (available as SONATA® from Bayer CropScience LP, US, having Accession No. NRRL B-30087 and described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,245,551);
  • Bacillus pumilus in particular strain GB34 (available as Yield Shield® from Bayer AG, DE);
  • Bacillus pumilus in particular strain BU F-33 (having NRRL Accession No.
  • Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in particular strain D747 (available as Double NickelTM from Certis, US, having accession number FERM BP-8234 and disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,094,592);
  • Bacillus subtilis Y1336 available as BIOBACs WP from Bion-Tech, Taiwan, registered as a biological fungicide in Taiwan under Registration Nos.
  • Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain MBI 600 (available as SUBTILEX from BASF SE); (B1.8) Bacillus subtilis strain GB03 (available as Kodiak® from Bayer AG, DE); (B1.9) Bacillus subtilis var. amyloliquefaciens strain FZB24 (available from Novozymes Biologicals Inc., Salem, Va. or Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC, Greensboro, N.C. as the fungicide TAEGRO® or TAEGRO® ECO (EPA Registration No.
  • Bacillus mycoides , isolate J available as BmJ TGAI or WG from Certis USA
  • Bacillus licheniformis in particular strain SB3086 (available as EcoGuardTM Biofungicide and Green Releaf from Novozymes)
  • Bacillus licheniformis in particular strain SB3086 (available as EcoGuardTM Biofungicide and Green Releaf from Novozymes)
  • B1.12 a Paenibacillus sp. strain having Accession No. NRRL B-50972 or Accession No. NRRL B-67129 and described in International Patent Publication No. WO 2016/154297.
  • the biological control agent is a Bacillus subtilis or Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain that produces a fengycin or plipastatin-type compound, an iturin-type compound, and/or a surfactin-type compound.
  • Bacillus subtilis or Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain that produces a fengycin or plipastatin-type compound, an iturin-type compound, and/or a surfactin-type compound.
  • Bacillus strains capable of producing lipopeptides include Bacillus subtilis QST713 (available as SERENADE OPTI or SERENADE ASO from Bayer CropScience LP, US, having NRRL Accession No. B21661 and described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,060,051), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain D747 (available as Double NickelTM from Certis, US, having accession number FERM BP-8234 and disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,094,592); Bacillus subtilis MB1600 (available as SUBTILEX® from Becker Underwood, US EPA Reg. No.
  • Bacillus subtilis Y1336 (available as BIOBACs WP from Bion-Tech, Taiwan, registered as a biological fungicide in Taiwan under Registration Nos. 4764, 5454, 5096 and 5277); Bacillus amyloliquefaciens , in particular strain FZB42 (available as RHIZOVITAL® from ABiTEP, DE); and Bacillus subtilis var. amyloliquefaciens FZB24 (available from Novozymes Biologicals Inc., Salem, Va. or Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC, Greensboro, N.C. as the fungicide TAEGRO® or TAEGRO® ECO (EPA Registration No. 70127-5); and
  • (B2) fungi for example: (B2.1) Coniothyrium minitans , in particular strain CON/M/91-8 (Accession No. DSM-9660; e.g. Contans® from Bayer); (B2.2) Metschnikowia fructicola, in particular strain NRRL Y-30752 (e.g. Shemer®); (B2.3) Microsphaeropsis ochracea (e.g. Microx® from Prophyta); (B2.5) Tichoderma spp., including Trichoderma atroviride , strain SC1 described in International Application No.
  • Trichoderma atroviride from Kumiai Chemical Industry
  • Trichoderma atroviride strain CNCM I-1237 (e.g. Esquive® WP from Agrauxine, FR);
  • Trichoderma aboviride strain NMI no. V08/002388;
  • B2.41 Trichoderma atroviride , strain NMI no. V08/002389;
  • B2.42 Trichoderma atroviride , strain NMI no. V08/002390;
  • B2.43 Trichoderma aboviride , strain LC52 (e.g.
  • Trichoderma atroviride Trichoderma atroviride , strain ATCC 20476 (IMI 206040); (B2.45) Trichoderma atroviride , strain T11 (IMI352941/CECT20498); (B2.46) Trichoderma harmatum ; (B2.47) Trichoderma harzianum ; (B2.48) Trichoderma harzianum rifai T39 (e.g. Trichodex® from Makhteshim, US); (B2.49) Trichoderma harzianum , in particular, strain KD (e.g.
  • Trichoplus from Biological Control Products, SA (acquired by Becker Underwood)); (B2.50) Trichoderma harzianum , strain ITEM 908 (e.g. Trianum-P from Koppert); (B2.51) Trichoderma harzianum , strain TH35 (e.g. Root-Pro by Mycontrol); (B2.52) Trichoderma virens (also known as Gliocladium virens ), in particular strain GL-21 (e.g. SoilGard 12G by Certis, US); (B2.53) Trichoderma viride , strain TV1 (e.g.
  • Botector® by bio-ferm, CH (B2.64) Cladosporium cladosporioides , strain H39 (by Stichting Divichting Diviching Diviching Diviching Diviching Divichoek); (B2.69) Gliocladium catenulatum (Synonym: Clonostachys rosea f. catenulate ) strain J1446 (e.g. Prestop® by AgBio Inc. and also e.g. Primastop® by Kemira Agro Oy); (B2.70) Lecanicillium lecanii (formerly known as Verticillium lecanii ) conidia of strain KV01 (e.g.
  • Vertalec® by Koppert/Arysta (B2.71) Penicillium vermiculatum ; (B2.72) Pichia anomala , strain WRL-076 (NRRL Y-30842); (B2.75) Trichoderma atroviride , strain SKT-1 (FERM P-16510); (B2.76) Trichoderma atroviride , strain SKT-2 (FERM P-16511); (B2.77) Trichoderma atroviride , strain SKT-3 (FERM P-17021); (B2.78) Trichoderma gamsii (formerly T. viride ), strain ICC080 (IMI CC 392151 CABI, e.g.
  • Botry-Zen® by Botry-Zen Ltd, NZ
  • Verticillium albo - atrum formerly V. dahliae
  • strain WCS850 CBS 276.92; e.g. Dutch Trig by Tree Care Innovations
  • Verticillium chlamydosporium B2.87 mixtures of Trichoderma asperellum strain ICC 012 and Trichoderma gamsii strain ICC 080 (product known as e.g. BIO-TAMTM from Bayer CropScience LP, US).
  • biological control agents which may be combined with the compound(s) and the composition of the invention are:
  • Bacillus cereus in particular B. cereus strain CNCM I-1562 and Bacillus firmus , strain 1-1582 (Accession number CNCM 1-1582), Bacillus subtilis strain OST 30002 (Accession No. NRRL B-50421), Bacillus thuringiensis , in particular B. thuringiensis subspecies israelensis (serotype H-14), strain AM65-52 (Accession No. ATCC 1276), B. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai , in particular strain ABTS-1857 (SD-1372), B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki strain HD-1, B. thuringiensis subsp.
  • tenebrionis strain NB 176 SD-5428
  • Pasteuria penetrans Pasteuria spp.
  • Rotylenchulus reniformis nematode-PR3 Accession Number ATCC SD-5834
  • Streptomyces galbus strain AQ 6047 accesion Number NRRL 30232
  • fungi and yeasts selected from the group consisting of Beauveria bassiana , in particular strain ATCC 74040 , Lecanicillium spp., in particular strain HRO LEC 12 , Metarhizium anisopliae , in particular strain F52 (DSM3884 or ATCC 90448), Paecilomyces fumosoroseus (now: Isaria fumosorosea ), in particular strain IFPC 200613, or strain Apopka 97 (Accession No.
  • viruses selected from the group consisting of Adoxophyes orana (summer fruit tortrix ) granulosis virus (GV), Cydia pomonella (codling moth) granulosis virus (GV), Helicoverpa armigera (cotton bollworm) nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV), Spodoptera exigua (beet armyworm) mNPV, Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) mNPV, and Spodoptera littoralis (African cotton leafworm) NPV.
  • Adoxophyes orana sumr fruit tortrix
  • GV granulosis virus
  • Cydia pomonella codling moth
  • GV Helicoverpa armigera (cotton bollworm) nuclear polyhedrosis virus
  • NPV nuclear polyhedrosis virus
  • Spodoptera exigua beet armyworm
  • Spodoptera frugiperda fall armyworm
  • mNPV Spo
  • bacteria and fungi which can be added as ‘inoculant’ to plants or plant parts or plant organs and which, by virtue of their particular properties, promote plant growth and plant health.
  • examples are: Agrobacterium spp., Azorhizobium caulinodans, Azospirillum spp., Azotobacter spp., Bradyrhizobium spp., Burkholderia spp., in particular Burkholderia cepacia (formerly known as Pseudomonas cepacia ), Gigaspora spp., or Gigaspora monosporum, Glomus spp., Laccaria spp., Lactobacillus buchneri, Paraglomus spp., Pisolithus tinctorus, Pseudomonas spp., Rhizobium spp., in particular Rhizobium trifolii, Rhizopogon spp., Scleroderma spp., Suill
  • plant extracts and products formed by microorganisms including proteins and secondary metabolites which can be used as biological control agents such as Allium sativum, Artemisia absinthium , azadirachtin, Biokeeper WP, Cassia nigricans, Celastrus angulatus, Chenopodium anthelminticum , chitin, Armour-Zen, Dryopteris filix -mas, Equisetum arvense , Fortune Aza, Fungastop, Heads Up ( Chenopodium quinoa saponin extract), Pyrethrum/Pyrethrins, Quassia amara, Quercus, Quillaja, Regalia , “RequiemTM Insecticide”, rotenone, ryania/ryanodine, Symphytum officinale, Tanacetum vulgare , thymol, Triact 70, TriCon, Tropaeulum majus, Urtica dioica , Veratrin, Viscum album
  • insecticides examples include insecticides, acaricides and nematicides, respectively, which could be mixed with the compound(s) and the composition of the invention are:
  • Acetykcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors such as, for example, carbamates, for example alanycarb, aldicarb, bendiocarb, benfuracarb, butocarboxim, butoxycarboxim, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbosulfan, ethiofencarb, fenobucarb, formetanate, furathiocarb, isoprocarb, methiocarb, methomyl, metolcarb, oxamyl, pirimicarb, propoxur, thiodicarb, thiofanox, triazamate, trimethacarb, XMC and xylylcarb; or organophosphates, for example acephate, azamethiphos, azinphos-ethyl, azinphos-methyl, cadusafos, chlorethoxyfos, chlorfenvinphos, chlormephos, chlorpyrifo
  • GABA-gated chloride channel blockers such as, for example, cyclodiene-organochlorines, for example chlordane and endosulfan or phenylpyrazoles (fiproles), for example ethiprole and fipronil.
  • Sodium channel modulators such as, for example, pyrethroids, e.g.
  • Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) competitive modulators such as, for example, neonicotinoids, e.g. acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid and thiamethoxam or nicotine or sulfoxaflor or flupyradifurone.
  • Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) allosteric modulators such as, for example, spinosyns, e.g. spinetoram and spinosad.
  • Glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCl) allosteric modulators such as, for example, avermectins/milbemycins, for example abamectin, emamectin benzoate, lepimectin and milbemectin.
  • Juvenile hormone mimics such as, for example, juvenile hormone analogues, e.g. hydroprene, kinoprene and methoprene or fenoxycarb or pyriproxyfen.
  • Miscellaneous non-specific (multi-site) inhibitors such as, for example, alkyl halides, e.g.
  • methyl bromide and other alkyl halides or chloropicrine or sulphuryl fluoride or borax or tartar emetic or methyl isocyanate generators, e.g. diazomet and metam.
  • Modulators of Chordotonal Organs such as, for example pymetrozine or flonicamid.
  • Mite growth inhibitors such as, for example clofentezine, hexythiazox and diflovidazin or etoxazole.
  • Microbial disruptors of the insect gut membrane such as, for example Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies aizawai, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies tenebrionis , and B.t. plant proteins: Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1Fa, Cry1A.105, Cry2Ab, Vip3A, mCry3A, Cry3Ab, Cry3Bb, Cry34Ab1/35Ab1.
  • Inhibitors of mitochondrial ATP synthase such as, ATP disruptors such as, for example, diafenthiuron or organotin compounds, for example azocyclotin, cyhexatin and fenbutatin oxide or propargite or tetradifon.
  • Uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation via disruption of the proton gradient such as, for example, chlorfenapyr, DNOC and sulfluramid.
  • Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor channel blockers such as, for example, bensultap, cartap hydrochloride, thiocylam, and thiosultap-sodium.
  • Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis type 0, such as, for example, bistrifluron, chlorfluazuron, diflubenzuron, flucycloxuron, flufenoxuron, hexaflumuron, lufenuron, novaluron, noviflumuron, teflubenzuron and triflumuron.
  • Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis type 1, for example buprofezin.
  • Moulting disruptor in particular for Diptera, i.e. dipterans
  • cyromazine azine.
  • Ecdysone receptor agonists such as, for example, chromafenozide, halofenozide, methoxyfenozide and tebufenozide.
  • Octopamine receptor agonists such as, for example, amitraz.
  • Mitochondrial complex Ill electron transport inhibitors such as, for example, hydramethylnone or acequinocyl or fluacrypyrim.
  • Mitochondrial complex I electron transport inhibitors such as, for example from the group of the METI acaricides, e.g.
  • Voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers such as, for example indoxacarb or metaflumizone.
  • Inhibitors of acetyl CoA carboxylase such as, for example, tetronic and tetramic acid derivatives, e.g. spirodiclofen, spiromesifen and spirotetramat.
  • Mitochondrial complex IV electron transport inhibitors such as, for example, phosphines, e.g.
  • cyanides e.g. calcium cyanide, potassium cyanide and sodium cyanide.
  • Mitochondrial complex II electron transport inhibitors such as, for example, beta-ketonitrile derivatives, e.g. cyenopyrafen and cyflumetofen and carboxanilides, such as, for example, pyflubumide.
  • Ryanodine receptor modulators such as, for example, diamides, e.g.
  • chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole and flubendiamide further active compounds such as, for example, Afidopyropen, Afoxolaner, Azadirachtin, Benclothiaz, Benzoximate, Bifenazate, Broflanilide, Bromopropylate, Chinomethionat, Chloroprallethrin, Cryolite, Cyclaniliprole, Cycloxaprid, Cyhalodiamide, Dicloromezotiaz, Dicofol, epsilon-Metofluthrin, epsilon-Momfluthrin, Flometoquin, Fluazaindolizine, Fluensulfone, Flufenerim, Flufenoxystrobin, Flufiprole, Fluhexafon, Fluopyram, Fluralaner, Fluxametamide, Fufenozide, Guadipyr, Heptafluthrin,
  • safeners which could be mixed with the compound(s) and the composition of the invention are, for example, benoxacor, cloquintocet (-mexyl), cyometrinil, cyprosulfamide, dichlormid, fenchlorazole (-ethyl), fenclorim, flurazole, fluxofenim, furilazole, isoxadifen (-ethyl), mefenpyr (-diethyl), naphthalic anhydride, oxabetrinil, 2-methoxy-N-( ⁇ 4-[(methylcarbamoyl)amino]phenyl ⁇ -sulphonyl)benzamide (CAS 129531-12-0), 4-(dichloroacetyl)-1-oxa-4-azaspiro[4.5]decane (CAS 71526-07-3), 2,2,5-trimethyl-3-(dichloroacetyl)-1,3-oxazolidine (CAS 52
  • herbicides which could be mixed with the compound(s) and the composition of the invention are:
  • O-(2,4-dimethyl-6-nitrophenyl) O-ethyl isopropylphosphoramidothioate, halauxifen, halauxifen-methyl, halosafen, halosulfuron, halosulfuron-methyl, haloxyfop, haloxyfop-P, haloxyfop-ethoxyethyl, haloxyfop-P-ethoxyethyl, haloxyfop-methyl, haloxyfop-P-methyl, hexazinone, HW-02, i.e.
  • 1-(dimethoxyphosphoryl) ethyl-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetate imazametalsz, imazamethabenz-methyl, imazamox, imazamox-ammonium, imazapic, imazapic-ammonium, imazapyr, imazapyr-isopropylammonium, imazaquin, imazaquin-ammonium, imazethapyr, imazethapyr-immonium, imazosulfuron, indanofan, indaziflam, iodosulfuron, iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium, ioxynil, ioxynil-octanoate, -potassium and -sodium, ipfencarbazone, isoproturon, isouron, isoxaben, isoxaflutole, karbutilate, KUH-043, i.e.
  • plant growth regulators are:
  • the compound(s) and the composition of the invention have potent plant defense modulating potential. They can be used for controlling unwanted bacteria, in particular bacteria of the genus Xanthomonas .
  • the compound(s) and the composition of the invention can be used to protect seeds, germinating seeds, emerged seedlings, plants, plant parts, fruits, harvest goods and/or the soil in which the plants grow.
  • Control or controlling as used herein encompasses preventive, protective, curative and eradicative treatment of unwanted microorganisms.
  • the present invention relates to a method for controlling bacterial diseases caused by bacteria of the genus Xanthomonas comprising the step of applying at least one compound of the invention or at least one composition of the invention to the plants, plant parts, seeds, fruits or to the soil in which the plants grow.
  • an effective and plant-compatible amount thereof is applied to the plants, plant parts, fruits, seeds or to the soil or substrates in which the plants grow.
  • Suitable substrates that may be used for cultivating plants include inorganic based substrates, such as mineral wool, in particular stone wool, perlite, sand or gravel; organic substrates, such as peat, pine bark or sawdust; and petroleum based substrates such as polymeric foams or plastic beads.
  • Effective and plant-compatible amount means an amount that is sufficient to control the bacteria present or liable to appear on the cropland and that does not entail any appreciable symptom of phytotoxicity for said crops.
  • Such an amount can vary within a wide range depending on the pathogens to be controlled, the type of crop, the crop growth stage, the climatic conditions and the respective compound(s) or composition of the invention used. This amount can be determined by systematic field trials that are within the capabilities of a person skilled in the art.
  • Diseases caused by bacterial pathogens for example Xanthomonas species (e.g. Xanthomonas campestris pv. Oryzae ), Pseudomonas species (e.g. Pseudomonas syringae pv. Lachrymans ), Erwinia species (e.g. Erwinia amylovora ) may be controlled by the compounds of the present invention.
  • the compounds of formula (II) may also be efficient for controlling phytopathogenic fungi on plants.
  • the compound(s) and the composition of the invention may be applied to any plants or plant parts.
  • Plants mean all plants and plant populations, such as desired and undesired wild plants or crop plants (including naturally occurring crop plants).
  • Crop plants may be plants which can be obtained by conventional breeding and optimization methods or by biotechnological and genetic engineering methods or combinations of these methods, including the genetically modified plants (GMO or transgenic plants) and the plant cultivars which are protectable and non-protectable by plant breeders' rights.
  • GMO Genetically Modified Plants
  • GMO Genetically modified plants
  • heterologous gene essentially means a gene which is provided or assembled outside the plant and when introduced in the nuclear, chloroplastic or mitochondrial genome. This gene gives the transformed plant new or improved agronomic or other properties by expressing a protein or polypeptide of interest or by downregulating or silencing other gene(s) which are present in the plant (using for example, antisense technology, cosuppression technology, RNA interference-RNAi-technology or microRNA-miRNA-technology).
  • a heterologous gene that is located in the genome is also called a transgene.
  • a transgene that is defined by its particular location in the plant genome is called a transformation or transgenic event.
  • Plant cultivars are understood to mean plants which have new properties (traits) and have been obtained by conventional breeding, by mutagenesis or by recombinant DNA techniques. They can be cultivars, varieties, bio- or genotypes.
  • Plant parts are understood to mean all parts and organs of plants above and below the ground, such as shoots, leaves, needles, stalks, stems, flowers, fruit bodies, fruits, seeds, roots, tubers and rhizomes.
  • the plant parts also include harvested material and vegetative and generative propagation material, for example cuttings, tubers, rhizomes, slips and seeds.
  • Plants which may be treated in accordance with the methods of the invention include the following: cotton, flax, grapevine, fruit, vegetables, such as Rosaceae sp. (for example pome fruits such as apples and pears, but also stone fruits such as apricots, cherries, almonds and peaches, and soft fruits such as strawberries), Ribesioidae sp., Juglandaceae sp., Betulaceae p., Anacardaceae sp., Fagaceae p., Moraceae sp., Oleaceae sp., AcUnidaceae p., Lauraceae p., Adusaceae sp.
  • Rosaceae sp. for example pome fruits such as apples and pears, but also stone fruits such as apricots, cherries, almonds and peaches, and soft fruits such as strawberries
  • Rosaceae sp. for example pome fruits such as apples and pears, but also stone fruits such
  • Asteraceae sp. for example sunflower
  • Brassicaceae sp. for example white cabbage, red cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, pak choi, kohlrabi, radishes, and oilseed rape, mustard, horseradish and cress
  • Fabacae sp. for example bean, peanuts
  • Papilionaceae sp. for example soya bean
  • Solanaceae sp. for example potatoes
  • Chenopodiaceae p. for example sugar beet, fodder beet, swiss chard, beetroot
  • useful plants and ornamental plants for gardens and wooded areas and genetically modified varieties of each of these plants.
  • Plants and plant cultivars which may be treated by the above disclosed methods include plants and plant cultivars which are resistant against one or more biotic stresses, i.e. said plants show a better defense against animal and microbial pests, such as against nematodes, insects, mites, phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria, viruses and/or viroids.
  • Plants and plant cultivars which may be treated by the above disclosed methods include those plants which are resistant to one or more abiotic stresses.
  • Abiotic stress conditions may include, for example, drought, cold temperature exposure, heat exposure, osmotic stress, flooding, increased soil salinity, increased mineral exposure, ozone exposure, high light exposure, limited availability of nitrogen nutrients, limited availability of phosphorus nutrients, shade avoidance.
  • Plants and plant cultivars which may be treated by the above disclosed methods include those plants characterized by enhanced yield characteristics. Increased yield in said plants may be the result of, for example, improved plant physiology, growth and development, such as water use efficiency, water retention efficiency, improved nitrogen use, enhanced carbon assimilation, improved photosynthesis, increased germination efficiency and accelerated maturation. Yield may furthermore be affected by improved plant architecture (under stress and non-stress conditions), including but not limited to, early flowering, flowering control for hybrid seed production, seedling vigor, plant size, internode number and distance, root growth, seed size, fruit size, pod size, pod or ear number, seed number per pod or ear, seed mass, enhanced seed filling, reduced seed dispersal, reduced pod dehiscence and lodging resistance.
  • improved plant architecture under stress and non-stress conditions
  • Further yield traits include seed composition, such as carbohydrate content and composition for example cotton or starch, protein content, oil content and composition, nutritional value, reduction in anti-nutritional compounds, improved processability and better storage stability.
  • Plants and plant cultivars which may be treated by the above disclosed methods include plants and plant cultivars which are hybrid plants that already express the characteristic of heterosis or hybrid vigor which results in generally higher yield, vigor, health and resistance towards biotic and abiotic stresses.
  • Plants and plant cultivars obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering
  • plants and plant cultivars which are herbicide-tolerant plants i.e. plants made tolerant to one or more given herbicides.
  • Such plants can be obtained either by genetic transformation, or by selection of plants containing a mutation imparting such herbicide tolerance.
  • Plants and plant cultivars obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering
  • plants and plant cultivars which are insect-resistant transgenic plants i.e. plants made resistant to attack by certain target insects.
  • Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation, or by selection of plants containing a mutation imparting such insect resistance.
  • Plants and plant cultivars obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering
  • plants and plant cultivars which are disease-resistant transgenic plants i.e. plants made resistant to attack by certain target insects.
  • Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation, or by selection of plants containing a mutation imparting such insect resistance.
  • Plants and plant cultivars obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering
  • Plants and plant cultivars which may be treated by the above disclosed methods include plants and plant cultivars which are tolerant to abiotic stresses.
  • Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation, or by selection of plants containing a mutation imparting such stress resistance.
  • Plants and plant cultivars obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering which may be treated by the above disclosed methods include plants and plant cultivars which show altered quantity, quality and/or storage-stability of the harvested product and/or altered properties of specific ingredients of the harvested product.
  • Plants and plant cultivars obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering which may be treated by the above disclosed methods include plants and plant cultivars, such as cotton plants, with altered fiber characteristics. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation, or by selection of plants contain a mutation imparting such altered fiber characteristics.
  • Plants and plant cultivars obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering
  • plants and plant cultivars which may be treated by the above disclosed methods include plants and plant cultivars, such as oilseed rape or related Brassica plants, with altered oil profile characteristics.
  • Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation, or by selection of plants contain a mutation imparting such altered oil profile characteristics.
  • Plants and plant cultivars obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering which may be treated by the above disclosed methods include plants and plant cultivars, such as oilseed rape or related Brassica plants, with altered seed shattering characteristics.
  • Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation, or by selection of plants contain a mutation imparting such altered seed shattering characteristics and include plants such as oilseed rape plants with delayed or reduced seed shattering.
  • Plants and plant cultivars obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering which may be treated by the above disclosed methods include plants and plant cultivars, such as Tobacco plants, with altered post-translational protein modification patterns.
  • Step 1 Preparation of ethyl 1- ⁇ [(3-amino-4,5-dichloro-2-thienyl)carbonyl]amino ⁇ cyclopropanecarboxylate (compound XVIIc.01)
  • Step 2 Preparation of ethyl 1- ⁇ [(3,4,5-trichloro-2-thienyl)carbonyl]amino ⁇ cyclopropanecarboxylate (compound II.02)
  • Table A provides the NMR data ( 1 H) of some compounds disclosed in the above tables.
  • 1H-NMR data of selected examples are written in form of 1H-NMR-peak lists. To each signal peak are listed the ⁇ -value in ppm and the signal intensity in round brackets. Between the ⁇ -value-signal intensity pairs are semicolons as delimiters.
  • Intensity of sharp signals correlates with the height of the signals in a printed example of a NMR spectrum in cm and shows the real relations of signal intensities. From broad signals several peaks or the middle of the signal and their relative intensity in comparison to the most intensive signal in the spectrum can be shown.
  • tetramethylsilane For calibrating chemical shift for 1H spectra, we use tetramethylsilane and/or the chemical shift of the solvent used, especially in the case of spectra measured in DMSO. Therefore, in NMR peak lists, tetramethylsilane peak can occur but not necessarily.
  • the 1H-NMR peak lists are similar to classical 1H-NMR prints and contains therefore usually all peaks, which are listed at classical NMR-interpretation.
  • the peaks of stereoisomers of the target compounds and/or peaks of impurities have usually on average a lower intensity than the peaks of target compounds (for example with a purity >90%).
  • Such stereoisomers and/or impurities can be typical for the specific preparation process. Therefore, their peaks can help to recognize the reproduction of our preparation process via “side-products-fingerprints”.
  • An expert who calculates the peaks of the target compounds with known methods (MestreC, ACD-simulation, but also with empirically evaluated expectation values) can isolate the peaks of the target compounds as needed optionally using additional intensity filters. This isolation would be similar to relevant peak picking at classical 1H-NMR interpretation.
  • Example A Xanthomonas Campestris pv. Campestris In Vitro Cell Test
  • Culture medium LB broth medium (Luria Broth Miller) Sigma
  • Inoculum was prepared from a pre-culture of bacteria grown in liquid medium and diluted to the desired optical density (OD).
  • Example B In Vivo Preventive Test on Xanthomonas Campestris Pv. Campestris (Black Rot on Cabbage)
  • the tested compounds were prepared by homogenization in a mixture of acetone/Dimethyl sulfoxide/Tween®, and then diluted with water to obtain the desired concentration.
  • the young plants of cabbage were treated by spraying the compound prepared as described above. Control plants were treated only with an aqueous solution of acetone/Dimethyl sulfoxide/Tween®.
  • the plants were contaminated by spraying the leaves with an aqueous bacteria suspension of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris .
  • the contaminated cabbage plants were incubated for 8 or 10 days at 27° C. at 95% relative humidity.
  • the test was evaluated 8 or 10 days after the inoculation. 0% means an efficacy which corresponds to that of the control plants while an efficacy of 100% means that no disease was observed.
  • Example D Induction of Defense Gene Expression in Arabidopsis thaliana
  • GFP green fluorescent protein
  • A2G14610 salicylate responsive promoter sequence of the PR1 (pathogenesis-related protein 1) gene
  • the following compounds according to the invention showed a relative fluorescence value at least above 2 at a concentration of 300 ppm of compound: II.01; II.02; II.03; II.04; II.05; II.07; II.08; II.09; II.10; II.11; II.12; II.13; II.14; II.15; II.17; II.18; II.19; II.20; II.22; II.23; II.24; II.25; II.26; II.30; II.31; II.32; II.33; II.35; II.36; II.37.
  • Salicylate is a major defence hormone against plant pathogens. All the compounds described above stimulate the salicylic acid pathway and therefore could protect plants against a wide range of pathogens.

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