Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
  • A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
  • A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
  • A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
  • A62C99/0018—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using gases or vapours that do not support combustion, e.g. steam, carbon dioxide
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
  • A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
  • A62D1/0064—Gels; Film-forming compositions
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
  • A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
  • A62D1/06—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires containing gas-producing, chemically-reactive components
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
  • C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/16—Halogen-containing compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
  • C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
  • C08K5/098—Metal salts of carboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D129/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Coating compositions based on hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
  • C09D129/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of acetals or ketals obtained by polymerisation of unsaturated acetals or ketals or by after-treatment of polymers of unsaturated alcohols
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
  • H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
  • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
  • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
  • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
  • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
  • H01M10/6561—Gases
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
  • H01M50/14—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings for protecting against damage caused by external factors
  • H01M50/145—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings for protecting against damage caused by external factors for protecting against corrosion
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
  • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
  • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62C8/00—Hand tools or accessories specially adapted for fire-fighting, e.g. tool boxes
  • A62C8/06—Fire-blankets
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2329/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
  • C08J2329/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of acetals or ketals obtained by polymerisation of unsaturated acetals or ketals or by after-treatment of polymers of unsaturated alcohols
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
  • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
  • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
  • C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
  • C08K3/016—Flame-proofing or flame-retarding additives
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
  • H01M2200/10—Temperature sensitive devices
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
  • H01M2220/10—Batteries in stationary systems, e.g. emergency power source in plant
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
  • H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a fire-extinguishing sheet that can extinguish a fire in an early stage, and that is used for places, facilities, devices, tools, structures and the like where a fire may break out.
• a fire-extinguishing composition to extinguish or suppress a fire by generating an aerosol by burning has been known (for example, PLT 1).
• the fire-extinguishing composition can be used as a liquid for a dispersion body, or as a solid such as a powder or a formed article having an intended shape.
• a fire-extinguishing sheet comprising a fire-extinguishing agent capable of generating a fire-extinguishing component by thermal decomposition upon reaching a prescribed temperature.
• the fire-extinguishing component is an aerosol.
• the fire-extinguishing agent includes at least a potassium compound and a binding agent.
• the potassium compound comprises at least a potassium-containing organic compound and potassium chlorate.
• the binding agent is preferably one, or two or more selected from the group consisting of a polyester resin, polystyrene, a polyolefin resin, a polyurethane resin, polyisocyanate, a polyimide resin, an acrylic resin, a cellulose compound, vinyl chloride, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, a polyvinylidene fluoride resin, a fluorine resin binder, a synthetic latex, a rosin, an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, a polyvinyl alcohol resin, a polyvinyl acetal resin, an olefinic thermoplastic resin, a butadiene thermoplastic resin, a styrene thermoplastic resin, a styrene-butadiene thermoplastic resin, an isoprene thermoplastic resin, a urethane thermoplastic resin, an ester thermoplastic resin, an amide thermoplastic resin, a vinyl chloride thermoplastic resin,
• the fire-extinguishing sheet comprises at least tripotassium citrate and potassium chlorate as the potassium compound and at least polyvinyl butyral as the binding agent.
• a fire-extinguishing sheet for use with a lithium ion battery which comprises the fire-extinguishing sheet according to the present invention and which is used in contact with or adjacent to the lithium ion battery.
• a method for extinguishing or suppressing a fire of a lithium ion battery comprising putting the fire-extinguishing sheet according to the present invention in contact with or adjacent to the lithium ion battery.
• a fire-extinguishing sheet that can extinguish a fire in an early stage, and that is used for places, facilities, devices, tools, structures and the like where a fire may break out.
• the fire-extinguishing sheet is excellent in productivity, mass productivity, and mass production.
• the fire-extinguishing sheet according to the present invention includes a fire-extinguishing agent which is capable of generating a fire-extinguishing component by thermal decomposition upon reaching a prescribed temperature.
• the fire-extinguishing sheet is the fire-extinguishing agent that is formed in a sheet-like shape.
• the fire-extinguishing sheet generates an aerosol as the fire-extinguishing component.
• the fire-extinguishing sheet includes at least a potassium compound and a binding agent in the fire-extinguishing agent.
• the fire-extinguishing agent includes, for example, 0.5% to 30% by mass of a binding agent (component A) and 10% to 70% by mass of a chlorate salt (component B), and further 30 to 900 parts by mass of a potassium salt (component C), relative to 100 parts by mass of the binding agent and the chlorate salt; and in addition, the thermal decomposition temperature of the fire-extinguishing agent is in the range of 90° C. or higher to 450° C.
• component A i.e., the binding agent
• component A preferably include a polyester resin, polystyrene, a polyolefin resin, a polyurethane resin, polyisocyanate, a polyimide resin, an acrylic resin, a cellulose compound, vinyl chloride, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, a polyvinylidene fluoride resin, a fluorine resin binder, a synthetic latex, a rosin, an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, a polyvinyl alcohol resin, a polyvinyl acetal resin, an olefinic thermoplastic resin, a butadiene thermoplastic resin, a styrene thermoplastic resin, a styrene-butadiene thermoplastic resin, an isoprene thermoplastic resin, a urethane thermoplastic resin, an ester thermoplastic resin, an amide thermoplastic resin, a vinyl chloride thermoplastic resin, a thermoplastic resin formed of a
• Component B i.e., the chlorate salt
• component C i.e., the potassium salt
• aerosol potassium radical
• This aerosol releases a potassium radical (potassium compound) that is the fire-extinguishing component, which breaks up burning chains due to a negative catalytic effect thereof so that the fire can be extinguished quickly.
• component A binding agent
• component B chlorate salt
• Component C i.e., the potassium salt, is the component to generate the aerosol (potassium radical) by a thermal energy generated by burning of component B.
• component C i.e., the potassium salt
• component C preferably include potassium acetate, potassium propionate, monopotassium citrate, dipotassium citrate, tripotassium citrate, monopotassium trihydrogen ethylenediaminetetraacetate, dipotassium diihydrogen ethylenediaminetetraacetate, tripotassium monohydrogen ethylenediaminetetraacetate, tetrapotassium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, potassium hydrogen phthalate, dipotassium phthalate, potassium hydrogen oxalate, dipotassium oxalate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, and potassium bicarbonate, as well as a mixture of two or more of them.
• component C is preferably 50 to 500 parts by mass, while more preferably 100 to 300 parts by mass, relative to 100 parts by mass of component A and component B.
• the fire-extinguishing agent starts the thermal decomposition in the temperature range of 90° C. or higher to 450° C., while preferably in the range of 150° C. to 260° C.
• This temperature range to start the thermal decomposition can be obtained by combining component A, component B, and component C with the ratios above.
• the fire-extinguishing sheet according to the present invention is obtained by forming the fire-extinguishing agent in a formed article such as a sheet.
• the components of the fire-extinguishing agent are mixed; then, the resulting mixture is formed to a sheet-like shape with controlling the coating condition, followed by drying as needed.
• the size, such as the thickness and the area, of the fire-extinguishing sheet according to the present invention is determined as appropriate in accordance with an object for fire-extinguishing such as a facility, an instrument, a machine, a tool, and a construction structure, and with the use thereof, among other things.
• a laminate of a plurality of the sheet-like fire-extinguishing agents can also be used.
• the fire-extinguishing sheet according to the present invention is used by disposing in the place where the object of fire-extinguishment such as a facility, an instrument, a machine, a tool, and a construction structure can possibly cause a fire.
• the fire-extinguishing sheet is disposed in contact with or adjacent to a battery cell including a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery that can cause a fire by some trouble such as an unexpected accident, as well as a member that can cause a fire such as a housing, an electrode, a communication terminal, and a circuit board of the battery.
• the fire-extinguishing sheet may be disposed in a plurality of the places.
• the fire-extinguishing sheet according to the present invention can be sealed inside of an object such as a facility, an instrument, a machine, a tool, and a construction structure in order to expresses the fire-extinguishing action by means of the aerosol as mentioned above. Also, it can be sealed together with the member that can possibly cause a fire, as described above.
• Polyvinyl butyral as a binding agent was dissolved into N-methylpyrrolidone, as a solvent, to obtain a 18% by mass solution of polyvinyl butyral.
• Tripotassium citrate (187.5 g), 112.5 g of potassium chlorate, and 200 g of N-methylpyrrolidone, as well as 2 kg of alumina balls having the grain diameter of 5 mm as the dispersion media, were charged into a 2-liters container; then, they were stirred and crushed by means of a ball mill at 60 rpm for about 24 hours to obtain a fire-extinguishing agent slurry.
• the coating material obtained in the separation process in (1-4) was filtrated using a 100-mesh stainless steel sieve (opening of about 200 ⁇ m) to remove coarse particles and foreign matters.
• the solvent was removed.
• the drying process was carried out at the setting temperature of 100° C. under the state that the agent was coated on the PET film to obtain the sheet having the average thickness of 220 ⁇ m.
• the agent under the state of being coated on the PET film was cooled, and then, this was cut out to the A4 size (horizontal 210 mm ⁇ vertical 297 mm) to be used for the evaluation test.
• the fire-extinguishing sheet obtained in (1) was tested in the way as described below.
• a 3 Ah lithium ion battery cell having the size of horizontal 100 mm ⁇ vertical 100 mm ⁇ height 5 mm was placed in the center of a box-type container made of SUS 304 with the plate thickness of 1.2 mm having the size of horizontal 300 mm ⁇ vertical 300 mm ⁇ height 100 mm.
• the acrylic plate was fixed on the box-type container such that the side bonded with the fire-extinguishing sheet was down.
• the evaluation test of the lithium ion battery cell using the nail was carried out in the way as described in (2-4) without bonding the fire-extinguishing sheet with the A4 size of (2-2) onto the acrylic top board.
• the lithium ion battery in the SUS-made container was explosively burned to cause a fire, which was spread in the entire container and continued for 5 minutes.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
• Emergency Management (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Electrochemistry (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
• Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
• Secondary Cells (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Publications (1)

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• 2021
  • 2021-01-21 US US17/793,994 patent/US20230050941A1/en active Pending
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  • 2021-01-21 JP JP2021555856A patent/JP7116511B2/ja active Active
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  • 2021-01-21 CN CN202180010583.4A patent/CN115335125A/zh active Pending
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  • 2021-01-21 KR KR1020227028785A patent/KR20220148173A/ko unknown
  • 2021-01-21 US US17/794,301 patent/US20230072183A1/en active Pending
  • 2021-01-21 WO PCT/JP2021/002015 patent/WO2021149758A1/ja active Application Filing
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