US20170318415A1 - Location based services in a distributed communication system, and related components and methods - Google Patents
Location based services in a distributed communication system, and related components and methods Download PDFInfo
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- US20170318415A1 US20170318415A1 US15/649,982 US201715649982A US2017318415A1 US 20170318415 A1 US20170318415 A1 US 20170318415A1 US 201715649982 A US201715649982 A US 201715649982A US 2017318415 A1 US2017318415 A1 US 2017318415A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
- H04W4/029—Location-based management or tracking services
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- H04W4/22—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/90—Services for handling of emergency or hazardous situations, e.g. earthquake and tsunami warning systems [ETWS]
Definitions
- the technology of the disclosure relates to ways to facilitate the provision of location based information to wireless client devices in a distributed communication system.
- Wireless communication is rapidly growing, with increasing demands for high-speed mobile data communication.
- So-called “wireless fidelity” or “WiFi” systems and wireless local area networks (WLANs) are being deployed in many different types of areas (e.g., coffee shops, airports, libraries, etc.).
- Distributed communications or antenna systems communicate with wireless devices called “clients,” “client devices,” or “wireless client devices,” which must reside within the wireless range or “cell coverage area” to communicate with an access point device.
- Distributed antenna systems are particularly useful when deployed inside buildings or other indoor environments where client devices may not otherwise be able to receive radio frequency (RF) signals from a source.
- RF radio frequency
- Antenna coverage areas can have a relatively short range from a few meters up to twenty meters. Combining a number of access point devices creates an array of antenna coverage areas. Because the antenna coverage areas each cover small areas, there are typically only a few users per antenna coverage area. This minimizes the amount of bandwidth shared among users.
- Radio-over-Fiber utilizes RF signals sent over optical fibers.
- Such systems can include a head-end station optically coupled to multiple remote antenna units that each provide antenna coverage areas.
- the remote antenna units each include RF transceivers coupled to an antenna to transmit RF signals wirelessly, wherein the remote antenna units are coupled to the head-end station via optical fiber links.
- the RF transceivers in the remote antenna units are transparent to the RF signals, and convert incoming optical RF signals from the optical fiber link to electrical RF signals via optical-to-electrical (O/E) converters, which are then passed to the RF transceiver.
- O/E optical-to-electrical
- the transceiver converts the electrical RF signals to electromagnetic signals via antennas coupled to the RF transceiver provided in the remote antenna units.
- the antennas also receive electromagnetic signals from clients in the antenna coverage area and convert them to electrical RF signals (i.e., electrical RF signals in wire).
- the remote antenna units then convert the electrical RF signals via electrical-to-optical (E/O) converters.
- the optical RF signals are then sent to the head-end station via the optical fiber link.
- Other services may be negatively affected or not possible due to the indoor environment.
- it may be desired or required to provide localization services for a client such as emergency 911 (E911) services as an example.
- E911 emergency 911
- techniques such as global positioning services (GPS) may not be effective at providing or determining the location of the client.
- triangulation and/or trilateration techniques from the outside network may not be able to determine the location of the client.
- Embodiments disclosed herein include location services for distributed communication systems.
- the systems disclosed herein can provide location information to mobile terminals that may not otherwise be able to receive global positioning system (GPS) information from the GPS satellites, such as when the mobile terminal does not receive GPS signals from the GPS satellites.
- GPS global positioning system
- Providing location information to clients inside a building or other location may make location based services, such as emergency (E911) services, possible based on the location information.
- the distributed communications system may be provided location information about its components through a number of techniques. The distributed communications system may then pass that information to clients.
- a distributed communications apparatus comprises at least one downlink input configured to receive downlink communications signals and at least one interface configured to receive and provide the downlink communications signals to a remote unit using a first protocol.
- the remote unit is configured to provide location indicia using a second protocol to a client device within an antenna coverage area associated with the remote unit, wherein the second protocol is selected from the group consisting of radio-frequency identification (RFID), BLUETOOTH, Zigbee, and Dash7.
- RFID radio-frequency identification
- BLUETOOTH BLUETOOTH
- Zigbee Zigbee
- Dash7 Dash7
- a method for providing location information to a client comprises at at least one downlink input, receiving downlink communications signals; at at least one interface, receiving and providing the downlink communications signals to a remote unit using a first protocol; and at the remote unit, providing location indicia using a second protocol to a client device within an antenna coverage area associated with the remote unit, wherein the second protocol is selected from the group consisting of RFID, BLUETOOTH, Zigbee, and Dash7.
- a distributed communications apparatus comprises at least one downlink input configured to receive downlink communications signals and at least one interface configured to receive and provide the downlink communications signals to a remote unit.
- the remote unit is configured to communicate with one or more client devices and provide location information indicating a current location of the client device.
- the apparatus further comprises a control system configured to receive data relating to location information relating to a location of the remote unit, wherein the location data is derived from the group consisting of: a building plan, an RF survey, and a walk through interaction.
- a method for providing location information comprises providing a central unit and one or more remote units in the distributed communications apparatus; providing a control system in the distributed communications apparatus; and receiving data relating to location information relating to a location of the one or more remote units, wherein the location data is derived from the group consisting of: a building plan, an RF survey, and a walk through interaction.
- a computer-readable medium comprising software with instructions.
- the instructions allow the computing device to: receive location information relating to a distributed communications apparatus, wherein the location information is derived is derived from the group consisting of: a building plan, an RF survey, and a walk through interaction; assign locations to components within the distributed communications apparatus based on the location information; and provide the location information to a client device through a remote unit within the distributed communications apparatus.
- a distributed communications apparatus comprises at least one downlink input configured to receive downlink communications signals and at least one interface configured to receive and provide the downlink communications signals to a remote unit.
- the remote unit is configured to communicate with one or more client devices and receive from the client devices location information indicating a current location of the client device; and a control system is configured to use the location information from the client devices and calculate a location of the remote unit.
- a method for providing location information to a distributed communications apparatus comprises providing a central unit and one or more remote units in the distributed communications apparatus; providing a control system in the distributed communications apparatus; receiving location data from one or more client devices; and calculating a location for one or more components of the distributed communications apparatus based at least in part on the location data from the one or more client devices.
- a client device for assisting in calculating location information for a distributed communications apparatus.
- the client device comprises a user interface through which the user may interact with a control system of the client device to perform computing operations; a location determination service configured to provide location information to the control system; and the control system operatively coupled to the user interface.
- the control system is configured to communicate with the distributed communications apparatus and provide the location information from the client device to the distributed communications apparatus.
- a computer-readable medium comprising software with instructions.
- the instructions allow a computing device to receive location data from one or more client devices; calculate a location for one or more components of the distributed communications apparatus based at least in part on the location data from the one or more client devices; and store the location information in a database associated with the distributed communications apparatus.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary optical fiber-based distributed communications system
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an exemplary wireless client device that may be used in a distributed communications system
- FIG. 3 is a partially schematic cut-away diagram of an exemplary building infrastructure in which an optical fiber-based distributed communications system is employed;
- FIG. 4 is a stylized depiction of a global positioning satellite system useful for exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a distributed communications apparatus with a secondary protocol module used to communicate with a client device;
- FIG. 6 is an exemplary embodiment of a distributed communications apparatus with a specific secondary protocol module
- FIG. 7 is an exemplary embodiment of a distributed communications apparatus with a specific secondary protocol module
- FIG. 8 is a flow chart of an exemplary embodiment through which the distributed communications apparatus learns location information
- FIG. 9 is a flow chart of an exemplary embodiment through which the distributed communications apparatus learns location information
- FIG. 10 is a schematic drawing of how a radio frequency survey may be performed to provide location information to the distributed communications apparatus
- FIG. 11 is a flow chart of an exemplary embodiment through which the distributed communications apparatus learns location information
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a generalized representation of an exemplary computer system that can be included in any of the modules provided in the distributed antenna systems and/or their components described herein.
- Embodiments disclosed herein include location services for distributed communication systems.
- the systems disclosed herein can provide location information to mobile terminals that may not be able to receive otherwise global positioning system (GPS) information from the GPS satellites, such as, for example, when the mobile terminal does not receive GPS signals from the GPS satellites.
- GPS global positioning system
- Providing location information to clients inside a building or other location may make location based services, such as emergency (E911) services, for example, possible based on the location information.
- the distributed communications system may be provided location information about its components through a number of techniques. Once the distributed communications system has the location information, such location information may be passed to clients.
- FIG. 5 Before discussing the exemplary components, systems, and methods of providing localization services in a distributed communications system, which starts at FIG. 5 , an exemplary generalized optical fiber-based distributed communications is first described with regard to FIGS. 1-3 and a GPS is described with regard to FIG. 4 .
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a generalized embodiment of an optical fiber-based distributed communications system, sometimes referred to herein as a distributed communications apparatus.
- the system is an optical fiber-based distributed communications system 10 that is configured to create one or more antenna coverage areas for establishing communications with wireless client devices (sometimes referred to herein as mobile terminals) located in the radio frequency (RF) range of the antenna coverage areas.
- the distributed communications system 10 includes a central unit, an example of which is head-end equipment, exemplified as a head-end unit or HEU 12 , one or more remote units, exemplified as remote antenna units (RAUs) 14 and an optical fiber link 16 that optically couples the HEU 12 to the RAU 14 .
- RAUs remote antenna units
- the HEU 12 is configured to receive communications over downlink electrical RF signals 18 D from a source or sources, such as a network or carrier as examples, and provide such communications to the RAU 14 .
- Such downlink communications signals are received through a conventional input, sometimes referred to herein as a downlink input. If multiple sources are present, there may be multiple downlink inputs.
- the HEU 12 is also configured to return communications received from the RAU 14 , via uplink electrical RF signals 18 U, back to the source or sources.
- the optical fiber link 16 includes at least one downlink optical fiber 16 D to carry signals communicated from the HEU 12 to the RAU 14 and at least one uplink optical fiber 16 U to carry signals communicated from the RAU 14 back to the HEU 12 .
- At least one interface is used to couple the HEU 12 to the optical fiber link 16 .
- the interface may be a conventional interface as is well understood and is configured to receive downlink communications signals and pass the downlink communications signals to the RAU 14 through the optical fiber link 16 . Additional interfaces may also exist for the uplink communications signals, or a single interface may handle both uplink and downlink signals. Note that there are embodiments where both the uplink and downlink signals 18 U, 18 D are transmitted on the same optical fiber link 16 , albeit at different frequencies. The present disclosure is operable in both situations.
- the optical fiber-based wireless system 10 has an antenna coverage area 20 that can be substantially centered about the RAU 14 .
- the antenna coverage area 20 of the RAU 14 forms an RF coverage area 21 .
- the HEU 12 is adapted to perform or to facilitate any one of a number of Radio-over Fiber (RoF) applications, such as RFID, wireless local-area network (WLAN) communication, or cellular phone service.
- RoF Radio-over Fiber
- the client device 24 can be any device that is capable of receiving RF communication signals.
- the client device 24 includes an antenna 26 (e.g., a bipole, monopole, bowtie, inverted F, a wireless card, or the like) adapted to receive and/or send electromagnetic RF signals.
- the HEU 12 To communicate the electrical RF signals over the downlink optical fiber 16 D to the RAU 14 , to in turn be communicated to the client device 24 in the antenna coverage area 20 formed by the RAU 14 , the HEU 12 includes an electrical-to-optical (E/O) converter 28 .
- the E/O converter 28 converts the downlink electrical RF signals 18 D to downlink optical RF signals 22 D to be communicated over the downlink optical fiber 16 D.
- the RAU 14 includes an optical-to-electrical (O/E) converter 30 to convert received downlink optical RF signals 22 D back to electrical signals to be communicated wirelessly through an antenna 32 of the RAU 14 to client devices 24 located in the antenna coverage area 20 .
- O/E optical-to-electrical
- the antenna 32 is also configured to receive wireless RF communications from client devices 24 in the antenna coverage area 20 .
- the antenna 32 receives wireless RF communications from client devices 24 and communicates electrical RF signals representing the wireless RF communications to an E/O converter 34 in the RAU 14 .
- the E/O converter 34 converts the electrical RF signals into uplink optical RF signals 22 U to be communicated over the uplink optical fiber 16 U.
- An 0 /E converter 36 provided in the HEU 12 converts the uplink optical RF signals 22 U into uplink electrical RF signals, which can then be communicated as uplink electrical RF signals 18 U back to a network or other source.
- the client device 24 could be in range of any antenna coverage area 20 formed by a RAU 14 .
- the client device 24 may be a wireless client such as a mobile terminal and includes the antenna 26 and a wireless transceiver 40 , a control system 42 , computer-readable memory 44 , and a user interface 46 .
- the user interface 46 includes inputs 48 and outputs 50 such as a keypad, touch screen, or the like.
- the computer-readable memory 44 includes software 52 including a location applet 54 which may perform some of the operations of the present disclosure.
- the location applet 54 may be stored elsewhere in the client device 24 .
- the location applet 54 may be in the transceiver 40 , or within an element such as a digital signal processor (not shown) within the transceiver 40 .
- the location applet 54 operates to determine the location of the client device 24 based on information received.
- the location applet 54 communicates with a GPS receiver within the client device 24 and uses the calculated position output by the GPS receiver.
- the client device 24 communicates with the distributed communications system 10 ( FIG. 1 ) and receives location information from one or more components within the distributed communications system 10 . If the client device 24 communicates with only a single RAU 14 , then client device 24 may treat the location coordinates provided by the RAU 14 as the current location of the client device 24 .
- Such an approach provides a fairly coarse resolution to the location of the client device (i.e., somewhere within the coverage area 21 of the particular RAU 14 ).
- the client device 24 is mobile (e.g., a smart phone)
- the client device may acquire and store additional data such as time of first/last contact with an RAU 14 , bearing, speed, signal strength, antenna reach, time, accelerometer information, last GPS reading, and the like.
- additional data such as time of first/last contact with an RAU 14 , bearing, speed, signal strength, antenna reach, time, accelerometer information, last GPS reading, and the like.
- a compromise may be made in view of available memory space in memory 44 to restrict how many data points are maintained and used in the calculation determination.
- the restriction may be time based (e.g., the last two hours) or a number of RAUs 14 (e.g., the last twenty RAUs 14 ).
- Other thresholds may be set besides those provided as exemplary embodiments.
- the location applet 54 may use trilateration or other technique to calculate the location of the client device 24 . Once the location is calculated, this location may be used by other features of the client device such as E911 services or other location based services.
- location calculation by the location applet 54 presumes that the client device 24 receives location information from the distributed communications system 10 . Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide further details on how such location information may be provided to the client device 24 .
- FIG. 3 is a partially schematic cut-away diagram of a building infrastructure 60 employing the distributed communications system 10 of FIG. 1 .
- the building infrastructure 60 generally represents any type of building in which the distributed communications system 10 can be deployed.
- the distributed communications system 10 incorporates the HEU 12 to provide various types of communication services to coverage areas within the building infrastructure 60 , as an example.
- the distributed communications system 10 in this embodiment is configured to receive wireless RF signals and convert the RF signals into RoF signals to be communicated over the optical fiber link 16 to the RAUs 14 .
- the system 10 in this embodiment can be, for example, an indoor distributed antenna system (“indoor DAS” or “IDAS”) to provide wireless service inside the building infrastructure 60 .
- the wireless signals can include cellular service, wireless services such as RFID tracking, Wireless Fidelity (WiFi), local area network (LAN), and combinations thereof.
- the building infrastructure 60 includes a first (ground) floor 62 , a second floor 64 , and a third floor 66 .
- the floors 62 , 64 , 66 are serviced by the HEU 12 through a main distribution frame 68 , to provide antenna coverage areas 70 in the building infrastructure 60 . Only the ceilings of the floors 62 , 64 , 66 are shown in FIG. 3 for simplicity of illustration.
- a main cable 72 has a number of different sections that facilitate the placement of a large number of RAUs 14 in the building infrastructure 60 .
- Each RAU 14 in turn services its own coverage area in the antenna coverage areas 70 .
- the main cable 72 can include, for example, a riser section 74 that carries all of the downlink and uplink optical fibers 16 D, 16 U to and from the HEU 12 .
- the main cable 72 can include one or more multi-cable (MC) connectors adapted to connect select downlink and uplink optical fibers 16 D, 16 U, along with an electrical power line, to a number of optical fiber cables 76 .
- MC multi-cable
- the main cable 72 enables multiple optical fiber cables 76 to be distributed throughout the building infrastructure 60 (e.g., fixed to the ceilings or other support surfaces of each floor 62 , 64 , 66 ) to provide the antenna coverage areas 70 for the first, second, and third floors 62 , 64 , and 66 .
- the HEU 12 is located within the building infrastructure 60 (e.g., in a closet or control room), while in another embodiment the HEU 12 may be located outside of the building infrastructure 60 at a remote location.
- a base transceiver station (BTS) 78 which may be provided by a second party such as a cellular service provider, is connected to the HEU 12 , and can be co-located or located remotely from the HEU 12 .
- a BTS is any station or source that provides an input signal to the HEU 12 and can receive a return signal from the HEU 12 .
- a plurality of BTSs is deployed at a plurality of remote locations to provide wireless telephone coverage.
- Each BTS serves a corresponding cell and when a mobile terminal enters the cell, the BTS communicates with the mobile terminal.
- Each BTS can include at least one radio transceiver for enabling communication with one or more subscriber units operating within the associated cell.
- FIGS. 1 and 3 are directed to optical fiber implementations, but the present disclosure is not so limited. Rather, any distributed antenna system, wire-based or a hybrid of wire and optical fiber cables, or the like, may be used with exemplary embodiments.
- FIGS. 1-3 focus on the provision of cellular services and/or the provision of WLAN services “riding” on the fiber network
- the present disclosure also is operable with a network that is designed as a WLAN and has a wire-based solution (e.g., twisted pair, CATS, CAT6, coaxial, pure optical, hybrid (optical and coax), or the like).
- This disclosure is likewise operable with composite cabling structures (e.g., DC power wires and fiber strands in a single cable).
- FIG. 4 illustrates a stylized depiction of a constellation of global positioning satellites 80 , which may sometimes be referred to as a global navigation satellite system (GNSS).
- the constellation of satellites 80 is formed from a plurality of satellites 82 (also denoted A-F in FIG. 4 ) that orbit the earth in predefined and well understood orbits 84 .
- the satellites 82 transmit a signal which may be received by terrestrial devices, such as client device 24 .
- the terrestrial device needs signals from three satellites 82 from which the terrestrial device may triangulate its location.
- the signals from the satellites 82 are typically fairly weak and at frequencies which do not readily penetrate indoors or through other barriers.
- the present disclosure allows elements within a distributed communications system 10 to provide location information to the client device 24 . Equipped with such location information, the client device 24 can provide that location information when securing E911 services or when other applications on the client device 24 need such location information.
- the client device 24 For E911 and most other location based services, the client device 24 provides its location information to the provider of the location based services. As noted above, one of the issues associated with providing location information is ascertaining the location of the client device 24 . This issue is exacerbated when the client device 24 is indoors because satellite signals suffer from absorption in building materials. If the client device 24 could receive location information from a distributed communications system, the client device 24 could use that information in conjunction with location based services. In many instances, the location based services do not need an extremely fine resolution (e.g., less than one meter) of the location of the client device 24 . That is, a reasonably coarse location determination (e.g., within ten to twenty meters) may be sufficient for most location based services.
- an extremely fine resolution e.g., less than one meter
- the client device 24 can treat the location of the RAU 14 (or other access point element) as the location of the client device 24 .
- satellite signals are not reliable indoors, so it may be difficult for the RAU 14 to learn its location.
- a first exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a system and techniques through which the distributed communications system 10 may provide the location information to the client device 24 . This embodiment is discussed with reference to FIGS. 5-7 .
- a second exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a first technique through which the distributed communications system 10 may learn location information for provision to the client device 24 . This second embodiment is discussed with reference to FIG. 8 .
- a third exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a second technique through which the system 10 may learn location information for provision to the client device 24 . This third exemplary embodiment is discussed with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10 .
- a fourth exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a third technique through which the system 10 may learn location information for provision to the client device 24 . This fourth exemplary embodiment is discussed with reference to FIG. 11 .
- a distributed communications system 90 that communicates with the client device 24 to provide a first type of service such as cellular communication capability using a first protocol (e.g., GSM, IS-95, UMTS, CDMA2000, WIMAX, LTE, or the like) and that provides location information to the client device 24 through a second protocol is provided.
- a first protocol e.g., GSM, IS-95, UMTS, CDMA2000, WIMAX, LTE, or the like
- the second protocol is one of RFID, BLUETOOTH, Zigbee, and Dash7.
- NFC standards cover communications protocols and data exchange formats, and are based on existing radio-frequency RFID standards including ISO/IEC 14443 and FeliCa. The standards include ISO/IEC 18092 and those defined by the NFC Forum.
- the HEU 12 may be coupled to RAU 14 through an optical fiber 16 . Likewise, the HEU 12 may be communicatively coupled to one or more BTS 78 and the internet 92 .
- the RAU 14 may include a microprocessor and memory (not shown explicitly) in which location information such as geo-coordinates of the RAU 14 may be stored.
- the RAU 14 further includes a first antenna 32 A which communicates with the client device 24 using the first protocol and a second antenna 32 which communicates with the client device 24 using the second protocol. In an alternate embodiment, a single antenna 32 is used for both protocols.
- the location information may be stored elsewhere, such as in the HEU 12 or even remotely such as in a database service such as Google Maps, or other central reference source or files such as iBwave site survey.
- the RAU 14 knows its location and provides that location to the client device 24 .
- the client device 24 may then treat the location of the RAU 14 as the location of the client device 24 .
- the client device 24 may use trilateration to ascertain the location of the client device 24 with greater precision.
- additional information at the client device 24 may be combined with the location information to ascertain a location for the client device 24 . For example, time, accelerometer information, signal strength, last GPS reading, or the like may be used in combination with other data to determine a current location for the client device 24 .
- the client device 24 may use the location information with third party applications, E911 services or other location based applications as appropriate.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a first alternate embodiment of distributed communications system 90 A.
- the distributed communications system 90 A includes a HEU 12 A and RAUs 14 A( 1 )- 14 (N) with BLUETOOTH modules 94 ( 1 )- 94 (N), respectively, that allow communication with the client device 24 as previously described.
- FIG. 7 illustrates a second alternate embodiment of distributed communications system 90 B.
- the distributed communications system 90 B includes a HEU 12 B and RAUs 14 B( 1 )- 14 B(N) with RFID modules 96 ( 1 )- 96 (N), respectively, that allow communication with client device 24 as previously described.
- the distributed communications systems 90 A, 90 B may include a location controller or other control system, which may be variously positioned in the distributed communications systems 90 A, 90 B.
- the location controller 98 A may be positioned in or co-located with the HEU 12 A.
- the location controller can be distributed amongst the RAU 14 B( 1 )- 14 B(N) as illustrated by location controllers 98 ( 1 )- 98 (N).
- FIGS. 5-7 focused on ways in which the distributed communications system 10 can provide location information to the client device 24
- the present disclosure is not so limited.
- This disclosure also provides techniques by which the distributed communications system 10 can learn respective locations for the RAUs 14 within the system 10 such that this information can be passed to the client device 24 . That is, there must be some way through which the distributed communications system 10 learns the locations of its component elements such that that information can be passed to the client device 24 .
- FIG. 8 illustrates a first technique through which the distributed communications system 10 may learn location information.
- a method 100 is illustrated through a flow chart wherein building plans are created (block 102 ).
- the building plans may be made before the building is constructed, or these may be retrofit plans.
- the building plans are annotated with indicia indicating where the distributed communications system 10 including the location of the RAUs 14 are located within the building (block 104 ). Given that the location of the building is known and that the building plans have the dimensions of the rooms, corridors, and other features of the building noted thereon, it is possible to calculate the position of the RAUs 14 .
- the installer then mounts the RAUs 14 of the distributed communications system 10 and the other components of the distributed communications system 10 according to the building plan (block 106 ).
- the installer may then enter the RAU identifier, any RF settings, and the geo-location into a database (block 108 ).
- This database may be in the controller 98 A or 98 ( 1 )- 98 (N) or other location as desired.
- the RAUs 14 are then communicatively coupled to the database (block 110 ) and can retrieve location information therein as needed, requested, or desired for transmission to the client device 24 . Such transmission may be on demand, continuously, or other arrangement and may use a secondary protocol as set forth above.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 A second technique to provide the distributed communications system 10 with location information is provided in FIGS. 9 and 10 .
- an RF survey tool is used to assist in generating location information for use by the distributed communications system 10 .
- a flowchart of this process 120 is provided in FIG. 9 .
- the process 120 starts with the installation of the distributed communications system 10 (block 122 ).
- an RF survey is performed (block 124 ), by an individual 132 walking around the floor 62 , 64 , 66 of the building 60 with a survey tool 134 (floor 62 shown in FIG. 10 ).
- the survey tool 134 measures RF signal strength and “fingerprint” of locations within the building 60 . These RF profiles for the respective RAUs 14 ( 1 )- 14 (N) are measured and stored (block 126 ). In a first embodiment, the survey tool 134 communicates with the one of the RAUs 14 ( 1 )- 14 (N) and through the distributed communications system 10 to the database 136 in which the information relating to the RF profile is stored. In a second embodiment, the survey tool 134 communicates directly with the database 136 . In either embodiment, the geolocations are obtained and stored with the distributed communications system 10 (block 128 ).
- the geolocations of a given RF profile may be ascertained by the survey tool 134 (e.g., using an accelerometer, compass, laser distance finder, or comparable elements to ascribe a location to a particular RF profile).
- the geolocations are linked to a particular RAU 14 and RF profile (block 130 ).
- the linkage may be done by the survey tool 134 using the appropriate software or within the database 136 .
- a third technique 140 for learning geolocations of the RAUs 14 ( 1 )- 14 (N) of the distributed communications system 10 is provided in flowchart form with reference to FIG. 11 .
- the distributed communications system 10 is installed (block 142 ).
- a client device 24 equipped with a GPS or comparable service enters the building 60 with a “last known location” (block 144 ).
- the client device 24 informs the distributed communications system 10 of the “last known location” (block 146 ).
- the last known location can be augmented by any additional information that the client device 24 possesses. For example, this additional information may include time elapsed since the last known location was updated.
- Older information may be weighted less heavily than information that is more contemporaneous.
- Information from an accelerometer, compass, and other navigation related tools may also be provided so that the distributed communications system 10 may infer a current location of the client device 24 . Such last known location, additional information, and signal strength may then be used by the distributed communications system 10 to infer a location of an RAU 14 communicating with the client device 24 . Over time, the distributed communications system 10 may collect sufficient data to have a reasonably high confidence of a given RAU 14 location (block 148 ). Once a threshold confidence is reached, the distributed communications system 10 may then provide such location information to other client devices 24 that have requested such location information.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram representation of additional detail regarding the HEU 12 , RAU 14 , client device 24 or other element in the exemplary form of an exemplary computer system 200 adapted to execute instructions from an exemplary computer-readable medium to perform power management functions.
- the computer system 200 within which a set of instructions for causing the distributed communications system 10 to perform any one or more of the methodologies discussed herein may be executed.
- the computer system 200 may be connected (e.g., networked) to other machines in a LAN, an intranet, an extranet, or the Internet.
- the computer system 200 may operate in a client-server network environment, or as a peer machine in a peer-to-peer (or distributed) network environment. While only a single device is illustrated, the term “device” shall also include any collection of devices that individually or jointly execute a set (or multiple sets) of instructions to perform any one or more of the methodologies discussed herein.
- the computer system 200 may be a circuit or circuits included in an electronic board card, such as a printed circuit board (PCB) as an example, a server, a personal computer, a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a computing pad, a mobile device, or any other device, and may represent, for example, a server or a user's computer.
- PCB printed circuit board
- PDA personal digital assistant
- the exemplary computer system 200 in this embodiment includes a processing device or processor 204 , a main memory 216 (e.g., read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, dynamic random access memory (DRAM) such as synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), etc.), and a static memory 208 (e.g., flash memory, static random access memory (SRAM), etc.), which may communicate with each other via the data bus 210 .
- the processing device 204 may be connected to the main memory 216 and/or static memory 208 directly or via some other connectivity means.
- the processing device 204 may be a controller, and the main memory 216 or static memory 208 may be any type of memory.
- the processing device 204 represents one or more general-purpose processing devices such as a microprocessor, central processing unit, or the like. More particularly, the processing device 204 may be a complex instruction set computing (CISC) microprocessor, a reduced instruction set computing (RISC) microprocessor, a very long instruction word (VLIW) microprocessor, a processor implementing other instruction sets, or processors implementing a combination of instruction sets.
- the processing device 204 is configured to execute processing logic in instructions for performing the operations discussed herein.
- the computer system 200 may further include a network interface device 212 .
- the computer system 200 also may or may not include an input 214 to receive input and selections to be communicated to the computer system 200 when executing instructions.
- the computer system 200 also may include an output 217 , including but not limited to a visual display, an alphanumeric input device (e.g., a keyboard), and/or a cursor control device (e.g., a mouse).
- the computer system 200 may or may not include a data storage device that includes instructions 218 stored in a computer-readable medium 220 .
- the instructions 218 may also reside, completely or at least partially, within the main memory 216 and/or within the processing device 204 during execution thereof by the computer system 200 , the main memory 216 and the processing device 204 also constituting computer-readable medium.
- the instructions 211 may further be transmitted or received over a network 222 via the network interface device 212 .
- While the computer-readable medium 220 is shown in an exemplary embodiment to be a single medium, the term “computer-readable medium” shall include a single medium or multiple media (e.g., a centralized or distributed database, and/or associated caches and servers) that store the instructions.
- the term “computer-readable medium” shall also include any medium that is capable of storing, encoding or carrying a set of instructions for execution by the processing device and that cause the processing device to perform any one or more of the methodologies of the embodiments disclosed herein.
- the term “computer-readable medium” shall thus include solid-state memories, optical and magnetic medium, and carrier wave signals.
- the embodiments disclosed herein include various steps which may be performed by hardware components or may be embodied in machine-executable instructions, which may be used to cause a general-purpose or special-purpose processor programmed with the instructions to perform the steps. Alternatively, the steps may be performed by a combination of hardware and software.
- the embodiments disclosed herein may be provided as a computer program product, or software, that may include a machine-readable medium (or computer-readable medium) having stored thereon instructions, which may be used to program a computer system (or other electronic devices) to perform a process according to the embodiments disclosed herein.
- a machine-readable medium includes any mechanism for storing or transmitting information in a form readable by a machine (e.g., a computer).
- a machine-readable medium includes a machine-readable storage medium (e.g., read only memory (“ROM”), random access memory (“RAM”), magnetic disk storage medium, optical storage medium, flash memory devices, etc.), a machine-readable transmission medium (electrical, optical, acoustical or other form of propagated signals (e.g., carrier waves, infrared signals, digital signals, etc.)), etc.
- ROM read only memory
- RAM random access memory
- magnetic disk storage medium magnetic disk storage medium
- optical storage medium optical storage medium
- flash memory devices etc.
- a machine-readable transmission medium electrical, optical, acoustical or other form of propagated signals (e.g., carrier waves, infrared signals, digital signals, etc.)
- terms such as “processing,” “computing,” “determining,” “displaying,” or the like refer to the action and processes of a computer system, or similar electronic computing device, that manipulates and transforms data represented as physical (electronic) quantities within the computer system's registers and memories into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the computer system memories or registers or other such information storage, transmission, or display devices.
- the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithms described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, instructions stored in memory or in another computer-readable medium and executed by a processor or other processing device, or combinations of both.
- the components of the DAS systems described herein may be employed in any circuit, hardware component, integrated circuit (IC), or IC chip, as examples.
- Memory disclosed herein may be any type and size of memory and may be configured to store any type of information desired. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality.
- DSP Digital Signal Processor
- ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
- FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
- a controller may be a processor.
- a processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine.
- a processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
- RAM Random Access Memory
- ROM Read Only Memory
- EPROM Electrically Programmable ROM
- EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM
- registers a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of computer-readable medium known in the art.
- An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium.
- the storage medium may be integral to the processor, which may reside in an ASIC.
- the ASIC may reside in a remote station.
- the processor and the storage medium may reside as discrete components in a remote station, base station, or server.
- fiber optic cables and/or “optical fibers” include all types of single mode and multi-mode light waveguides, including one or more optical fibers that may be upcoated, colored, buffered, ribbonized and/or have other organizing or protective structure in a cable such as one or more tubes, strength members, jackets or the like.
- the optical fibers disclosed herein can be single mode or multi-mode optical fibers.
- the antenna arrangements disclosed herein may include any type of antenna desired, including dipole, monopole, and slot antennas.
- the distributed antenna systems that employ the antenna arrangements could include any type or number of communications mediums, including but not limited to electrical conductors, optical fiber, and air (i.e., wireless transmission).
- the DAS systems may distribute and the antenna arrangements disclosed herein may be configured to transmit and receive any type of communications signals, including but not limited to RF communications signals and digital data communications signals, examples of which are described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/892,424, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
- Multiplexing, such as WDM and/or FDM may be employed in any of the DASs described herein, such as according to the examples in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/892,424.
Abstract
Distributed communication systems provide location information to mobile terminals that may not be able to receive otherwise global positioning system (GPS) information from GPS satellites. Providing location information to clients inside a building or other location may make location based services, such as emergency (E911) services, possible based on the location information. The distributed communications system may be provided location information about its components through a number of techniques. Once the distributed communications system has the location information, such location information may be passed to clients.
Description
- This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/866,685 filed on Apr. 19, 2013, which claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/637,458, filed on Apr. 24, 2012, the contents of which are relied upon and incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.
- The technology of the disclosure relates to ways to facilitate the provision of location based information to wireless client devices in a distributed communication system.
- Wireless communication is rapidly growing, with increasing demands for high-speed mobile data communication. So-called “wireless fidelity” or “WiFi” systems and wireless local area networks (WLANs) are being deployed in many different types of areas (e.g., coffee shops, airports, libraries, etc.). Distributed communications or antenna systems communicate with wireless devices called “clients,” “client devices,” or “wireless client devices,” which must reside within the wireless range or “cell coverage area” to communicate with an access point device. Distributed antenna systems are particularly useful when deployed inside buildings or other indoor environments where client devices may not otherwise be able to receive radio frequency (RF) signals from a source.
- One approach to deploying a distributed communications system involves the use of RF antenna coverage areas, or “antenna coverage areas.” Antenna coverage areas can have a relatively short range from a few meters up to twenty meters. Combining a number of access point devices creates an array of antenna coverage areas. Because the antenna coverage areas each cover small areas, there are typically only a few users per antenna coverage area. This minimizes the amount of bandwidth shared among users.
- One type of distributed communications system for creating antenna coverage areas, called “Radio-over-Fiber” or “RoF,” utilizes RF signals sent over optical fibers. Such systems can include a head-end station optically coupled to multiple remote antenna units that each provide antenna coverage areas. The remote antenna units each include RF transceivers coupled to an antenna to transmit RF signals wirelessly, wherein the remote antenna units are coupled to the head-end station via optical fiber links. The RF transceivers in the remote antenna units are transparent to the RF signals, and convert incoming optical RF signals from the optical fiber link to electrical RF signals via optical-to-electrical (O/E) converters, which are then passed to the RF transceiver. The transceiver converts the electrical RF signals to electromagnetic signals via antennas coupled to the RF transceiver provided in the remote antenna units. The antennas also receive electromagnetic signals from clients in the antenna coverage area and convert them to electrical RF signals (i.e., electrical RF signals in wire). The remote antenna units then convert the electrical RF signals via electrical-to-optical (E/O) converters. The optical RF signals are then sent to the head-end station via the optical fiber link.
- It may be desired to provide such optical fiber-based distributed communications systems indoors, such as inside a building or other facility, to provide indoor wireless communication for clients. Other services may be negatively affected or not possible due to the indoor environment. For example, it may be desired or required to provide localization services for a client, such as emergency 911 (E911) services as an example. If the client is located indoors, techniques such as global positioning services (GPS) may not be effective at providing or determining the location of the client. Further, triangulation and/or trilateration techniques from the outside network may not be able to determine the location of the client.
- Embodiments disclosed herein include location services for distributed communication systems. Related components, systems, and methods are also disclosed herein. For example, the systems disclosed herein can provide location information to mobile terminals that may not otherwise be able to receive global positioning system (GPS) information from the GPS satellites, such as when the mobile terminal does not receive GPS signals from the GPS satellites. Providing location information to clients inside a building or other location may make location based services, such as emergency (E911) services, possible based on the location information. The distributed communications system may be provided location information about its components through a number of techniques. The distributed communications system may then pass that information to clients.
- In this regard, in one embodiment, a distributed communications apparatus comprises at least one downlink input configured to receive downlink communications signals and at least one interface configured to receive and provide the downlink communications signals to a remote unit using a first protocol. The remote unit is configured to provide location indicia using a second protocol to a client device within an antenna coverage area associated with the remote unit, wherein the second protocol is selected from the group consisting of radio-frequency identification (RFID), BLUETOOTH, Zigbee, and Dash7. Note that the RFID technology may incorporate near field communication (NFC) technology.
- In another embodiment, a method for providing location information to a client comprises at at least one downlink input, receiving downlink communications signals; at at least one interface, receiving and providing the downlink communications signals to a remote unit using a first protocol; and at the remote unit, providing location indicia using a second protocol to a client device within an antenna coverage area associated with the remote unit, wherein the second protocol is selected from the group consisting of RFID, BLUETOOTH, Zigbee, and Dash7.
- In another embodiment, a distributed communications apparatus comprises at least one downlink input configured to receive downlink communications signals and at least one interface configured to receive and provide the downlink communications signals to a remote unit. The remote unit is configured to communicate with one or more client devices and provide location information indicating a current location of the client device. The apparatus further comprises a control system configured to receive data relating to location information relating to a location of the remote unit, wherein the location data is derived from the group consisting of: a building plan, an RF survey, and a walk through interaction.
- In another embodiment, a method for providing location information comprises providing a central unit and one or more remote units in the distributed communications apparatus; providing a control system in the distributed communications apparatus; and receiving data relating to location information relating to a location of the one or more remote units, wherein the location data is derived from the group consisting of: a building plan, an RF survey, and a walk through interaction.
- In another embodiment, a computer-readable medium comprising software with instructions is provided. The instructions allow the computing device to: receive location information relating to a distributed communications apparatus, wherein the location information is derived is derived from the group consisting of: a building plan, an RF survey, and a walk through interaction; assign locations to components within the distributed communications apparatus based on the location information; and provide the location information to a client device through a remote unit within the distributed communications apparatus.
- In another embodiment, a distributed communications apparatus comprises at least one downlink input configured to receive downlink communications signals and at least one interface configured to receive and provide the downlink communications signals to a remote unit. The remote unit is configured to communicate with one or more client devices and receive from the client devices location information indicating a current location of the client device; and a control system is configured to use the location information from the client devices and calculate a location of the remote unit.
- In another embodiment, a method for providing location information to a distributed communications apparatus comprises providing a central unit and one or more remote units in the distributed communications apparatus; providing a control system in the distributed communications apparatus; receiving location data from one or more client devices; and calculating a location for one or more components of the distributed communications apparatus based at least in part on the location data from the one or more client devices.
- In another embodiment, a client device for assisting in calculating location information for a distributed communications apparatus is provided. The client device comprises a user interface through which the user may interact with a control system of the client device to perform computing operations; a location determination service configured to provide location information to the control system; and the control system operatively coupled to the user interface. The control system is configured to communicate with the distributed communications apparatus and provide the location information from the client device to the distributed communications apparatus.
- In another embodiment, a computer-readable medium comprising software with instructions is provided. The instructions allow a computing device to receive location data from one or more client devices; calculate a location for one or more components of the distributed communications apparatus based at least in part on the location data from the one or more client devices; and store the location information in a database associated with the distributed communications apparatus.
- Additional features and advantages will be set forth in the detailed description which follows, and in part will be apparent from that description or recognized by practicing the embodiments as described herein.
- The foregoing description and the following detailed description present embodiments, and are intended to provide an overview or framework for understanding the nature and character of the disclosure. The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding, and are incorporated into and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate various embodiments, and together with the description serve to explain the principles and operation of the concepts disclosed.
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary optical fiber-based distributed communications system; -
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an exemplary wireless client device that may be used in a distributed communications system; -
FIG. 3 is a partially schematic cut-away diagram of an exemplary building infrastructure in which an optical fiber-based distributed communications system is employed; -
FIG. 4 is a stylized depiction of a global positioning satellite system useful for exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure; -
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a distributed communications apparatus with a secondary protocol module used to communicate with a client device; -
FIG. 6 is an exemplary embodiment of a distributed communications apparatus with a specific secondary protocol module; -
FIG. 7 is an exemplary embodiment of a distributed communications apparatus with a specific secondary protocol module; -
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of an exemplary embodiment through which the distributed communications apparatus learns location information; -
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of an exemplary embodiment through which the distributed communications apparatus learns location information; -
FIG. 10 is a schematic drawing of how a radio frequency survey may be performed to provide location information to the distributed communications apparatus; -
FIG. 11 is a flow chart of an exemplary embodiment through which the distributed communications apparatus learns location information; and -
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a generalized representation of an exemplary computer system that can be included in any of the modules provided in the distributed antenna systems and/or their components described herein. - Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments are shown. Indeed, the concepts may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limiting herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will satisfy applicable legal requirements. Whenever possible, like reference numbers will be used to refer to like components or parts.
- Embodiments disclosed herein include location services for distributed communication systems. Related components, systems, and methods are also disclosed herein. For example, the systems disclosed herein can provide location information to mobile terminals that may not be able to receive otherwise global positioning system (GPS) information from the GPS satellites, such as, for example, when the mobile terminal does not receive GPS signals from the GPS satellites. Providing location information to clients inside a building or other location may make location based services, such as emergency (E911) services, for example, possible based on the location information. The distributed communications system may be provided location information about its components through a number of techniques. Once the distributed communications system has the location information, such location information may be passed to clients.
- Before discussing the exemplary components, systems, and methods of providing localization services in a distributed communications system, which starts at
FIG. 5 , an exemplary generalized optical fiber-based distributed communications is first described with regard toFIGS. 1-3 and a GPS is described with regard toFIG. 4 . - In this regard,
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a generalized embodiment of an optical fiber-based distributed communications system, sometimes referred to herein as a distributed communications apparatus. In this exemplary embodiment, the system is an optical fiber-based distributedcommunications system 10 that is configured to create one or more antenna coverage areas for establishing communications with wireless client devices (sometimes referred to herein as mobile terminals) located in the radio frequency (RF) range of the antenna coverage areas. In this regard, the distributedcommunications system 10 includes a central unit, an example of which is head-end equipment, exemplified as a head-end unit orHEU 12, one or more remote units, exemplified as remote antenna units (RAUs) 14 and anoptical fiber link 16 that optically couples theHEU 12 to theRAU 14. TheHEU 12 is configured to receive communications over downlink electrical RF signals 18D from a source or sources, such as a network or carrier as examples, and provide such communications to theRAU 14. Such downlink communications signals are received through a conventional input, sometimes referred to herein as a downlink input. If multiple sources are present, there may be multiple downlink inputs. TheHEU 12 is also configured to return communications received from theRAU 14, via uplink electrical RF signals 18U, back to the source or sources. In this exemplary embodiment, theoptical fiber link 16 includes at least one downlinkoptical fiber 16D to carry signals communicated from theHEU 12 to theRAU 14 and at least one uplinkoptical fiber 16U to carry signals communicated from theRAU 14 back to theHEU 12. At least one interface is used to couple theHEU 12 to theoptical fiber link 16. The interface may be a conventional interface as is well understood and is configured to receive downlink communications signals and pass the downlink communications signals to theRAU 14 through theoptical fiber link 16. Additional interfaces may also exist for the uplink communications signals, or a single interface may handle both uplink and downlink signals. Note that there are embodiments where both the uplink anddownlink signals optical fiber link 16, albeit at different frequencies. The present disclosure is operable in both situations. - With continuing reference to
FIG. 1 , the optical fiber-basedwireless system 10 has anantenna coverage area 20 that can be substantially centered about theRAU 14. Theantenna coverage area 20 of theRAU 14 forms anRF coverage area 21. TheHEU 12 is adapted to perform or to facilitate any one of a number of Radio-over Fiber (RoF) applications, such as RFID, wireless local-area network (WLAN) communication, or cellular phone service. Shown within theantenna coverage area 20 is aclient device 24 in the form of a mobile terminal as an example, which may be a cellular telephone, smart phone, tablet computer, or the like as an example. Theclient device 24 can be any device that is capable of receiving RF communication signals. Theclient device 24 includes an antenna 26 (e.g., a bipole, monopole, bowtie, inverted F, a wireless card, or the like) adapted to receive and/or send electromagnetic RF signals. - To communicate the electrical RF signals over the downlink
optical fiber 16D to theRAU 14, to in turn be communicated to theclient device 24 in theantenna coverage area 20 formed by theRAU 14, theHEU 12 includes an electrical-to-optical (E/O)converter 28. The E/O converter 28 converts the downlink electrical RF signals 18D to downlink optical RF signals 22D to be communicated over the downlinkoptical fiber 16D. TheRAU 14 includes an optical-to-electrical (O/E)converter 30 to convert received downlink optical RF signals 22D back to electrical signals to be communicated wirelessly through anantenna 32 of theRAU 14 toclient devices 24 located in theantenna coverage area 20. - The
antenna 32 is also configured to receive wireless RF communications fromclient devices 24 in theantenna coverage area 20. In this regard, theantenna 32 receives wireless RF communications fromclient devices 24 and communicates electrical RF signals representing the wireless RF communications to an E/O converter 34 in theRAU 14. The E/O converter 34 converts the electrical RF signals into uplink optical RF signals 22U to be communicated over the uplinkoptical fiber 16U. An 0/E converter 36 provided in theHEU 12 converts the uplink optical RF signals 22U into uplink electrical RF signals, which can then be communicated as uplink electrical RF signals 18U back to a network or other source. Theclient device 24 could be in range of anyantenna coverage area 20 formed by aRAU 14. - With reference to
FIG. 2 , a block diagram of aclient device 24 is provided. Theclient device 24 may be a wireless client such as a mobile terminal and includes theantenna 26 and awireless transceiver 40, acontrol system 42, computer-readable memory 44, and auser interface 46. Theuser interface 46 includesinputs 48 andoutputs 50 such as a keypad, touch screen, or the like. The computer-readable memory 44 includessoftware 52 including a location applet 54 which may perform some of the operations of the present disclosure. In an alternate embodiment, the location applet 54 may be stored elsewhere in theclient device 24. For example, the location applet 54 may be in thetransceiver 40, or within an element such as a digital signal processor (not shown) within thetransceiver 40. - With continuing reference to
FIG. 2 , in an exemplary embodiment, the location applet 54 operates to determine the location of theclient device 24 based on information received. In the simplest embodiment, the location applet 54 communicates with a GPS receiver within theclient device 24 and uses the calculated position output by the GPS receiver. In another embodiment, such as when theclient device 24 is inside and unable to receive GPS signals, theclient device 24 communicates with the distributed communications system 10 (FIG. 1 ) and receives location information from one or more components within the distributedcommunications system 10. If theclient device 24 communicates with only asingle RAU 14, thenclient device 24 may treat the location coordinates provided by theRAU 14 as the current location of theclient device 24. Such an approach provides a fairly coarse resolution to the location of the client device (i.e., somewhere within thecoverage area 21 of the particular RAU 14). If theclient device 24 is mobile (e.g., a smart phone), the client device may acquire and store additional data such as time of first/last contact with anRAU 14, bearing, speed, signal strength, antenna reach, time, accelerometer information, last GPS reading, and the like. A compromise may be made in view of available memory space inmemory 44 to restrict how many data points are maintained and used in the calculation determination. The restriction may be time based (e.g., the last two hours) or a number of RAUs 14 (e.g., the last twenty RAUs 14). Other thresholds may be set besides those provided as exemplary embodiments. Ifmultiple RAUs 14 are concurrently in communication with theclient device 24, the location applet 54 may use trilateration or other technique to calculate the location of theclient device 24. Once the location is calculated, this location may be used by other features of the client device such as E911 services or other location based services. The preceding discussion of location calculation by the location applet 54 presumes that theclient device 24 receives location information from the distributedcommunications system 10. Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide further details on how such location information may be provided to theclient device 24. - To provide further exemplary illustration of how an optical fiber-based distributed communications system can be deployed indoors,
FIG. 3 is a partially schematic cut-away diagram of abuilding infrastructure 60 employing the distributedcommunications system 10 ofFIG. 1 . Thebuilding infrastructure 60 generally represents any type of building in which the distributedcommunications system 10 can be deployed. As previously discussed with regard toFIG. 1 , the distributedcommunications system 10 incorporates theHEU 12 to provide various types of communication services to coverage areas within thebuilding infrastructure 60, as an example. For example, as discussed in more detail below, the distributedcommunications system 10 in this embodiment is configured to receive wireless RF signals and convert the RF signals into RoF signals to be communicated over theoptical fiber link 16 to theRAUs 14. Thesystem 10 in this embodiment can be, for example, an indoor distributed antenna system (“indoor DAS” or “IDAS”) to provide wireless service inside thebuilding infrastructure 60. The wireless signals can include cellular service, wireless services such as RFID tracking, Wireless Fidelity (WiFi), local area network (LAN), and combinations thereof. - The
building infrastructure 60 includes a first (ground)floor 62, asecond floor 64, and a third floor 66. Thefloors HEU 12 through a main distribution frame 68, to provideantenna coverage areas 70 in thebuilding infrastructure 60. Only the ceilings of thefloors FIG. 3 for simplicity of illustration. In the example embodiment, amain cable 72 has a number of different sections that facilitate the placement of a large number of RAUs 14 in thebuilding infrastructure 60. EachRAU 14 in turn services its own coverage area in theantenna coverage areas 70. Themain cable 72 can include, for example, ariser section 74 that carries all of the downlink and uplinkoptical fibers HEU 12. Themain cable 72 can include one or more multi-cable (MC) connectors adapted to connect select downlink and uplinkoptical fibers optical fiber cables 76. - The
main cable 72 enables multipleoptical fiber cables 76 to be distributed throughout the building infrastructure 60 (e.g., fixed to the ceilings or other support surfaces of eachfloor antenna coverage areas 70 for the first, second, andthird floors HEU 12 is located within the building infrastructure 60 (e.g., in a closet or control room), while in another embodiment theHEU 12 may be located outside of thebuilding infrastructure 60 at a remote location. A base transceiver station (BTS) 78, which may be provided by a second party such as a cellular service provider, is connected to theHEU 12, and can be co-located or located remotely from theHEU 12. A BTS is any station or source that provides an input signal to theHEU 12 and can receive a return signal from theHEU 12. In a typical cellular system, for example, a plurality of BTSs is deployed at a plurality of remote locations to provide wireless telephone coverage. Each BTS serves a corresponding cell and when a mobile terminal enters the cell, the BTS communicates with the mobile terminal. Each BTS can include at least one radio transceiver for enabling communication with one or more subscriber units operating within the associated cell. -
FIGS. 1 and 3 are directed to optical fiber implementations, but the present disclosure is not so limited. Rather, any distributed antenna system, wire-based or a hybrid of wire and optical fiber cables, or the like, may be used with exemplary embodiments. Likewise, whileFIGS. 1-3 focus on the provision of cellular services and/or the provision of WLAN services “riding” on the fiber network, the present disclosure also is operable with a network that is designed as a WLAN and has a wire-based solution (e.g., twisted pair, CATS, CAT6, coaxial, pure optical, hybrid (optical and coax), or the like). This disclosure is likewise operable with composite cabling structures (e.g., DC power wires and fiber strands in a single cable). -
FIG. 4 illustrates a stylized depiction of a constellation ofglobal positioning satellites 80, which may sometimes be referred to as a global navigation satellite system (GNSS). The constellation ofsatellites 80 is formed from a plurality of satellites 82 (also denoted A-F inFIG. 4 ) that orbit the earth in predefined and well understood orbits 84. Thesatellites 82 transmit a signal which may be received by terrestrial devices, such asclient device 24. Normally, the terrestrial device needs signals from threesatellites 82 from which the terrestrial device may triangulate its location. However, the signals from thesatellites 82 are typically fairly weak and at frequencies which do not readily penetrate indoors or through other barriers. - In an exemplary embodiment, the present disclosure allows elements within a distributed
communications system 10 to provide location information to theclient device 24. Equipped with such location information, theclient device 24 can provide that location information when securing E911 services or when other applications on theclient device 24 need such location information. - For E911 and most other location based services, the
client device 24 provides its location information to the provider of the location based services. As noted above, one of the issues associated with providing location information is ascertaining the location of theclient device 24. This issue is exacerbated when theclient device 24 is indoors because satellite signals suffer from absorption in building materials. If theclient device 24 could receive location information from a distributed communications system, theclient device 24 could use that information in conjunction with location based services. In many instances, the location based services do not need an extremely fine resolution (e.g., less than one meter) of the location of theclient device 24. That is, a reasonably coarse location determination (e.g., within ten to twenty meters) may be sufficient for most location based services. If the RAU 14 (or other access point element associated with the system 10) knows its location and can send that location to theclient device 24, then theclient device 24 can treat the location of the RAU 14 (or other access point element) as the location of theclient device 24. However, satellite signals are not reliable indoors, so it may be difficult for theRAU 14 to learn its location. - A first exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a system and techniques through which the distributed
communications system 10 may provide the location information to theclient device 24. This embodiment is discussed with reference toFIGS. 5-7 . A second exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a first technique through which the distributedcommunications system 10 may learn location information for provision to theclient device 24. This second embodiment is discussed with reference toFIG. 8 . A third exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a second technique through which thesystem 10 may learn location information for provision to theclient device 24. This third exemplary embodiment is discussed with reference toFIGS. 9 and 10 . A fourth exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a third technique through which thesystem 10 may learn location information for provision to theclient device 24. This fourth exemplary embodiment is discussed with reference toFIG. 11 . - With reference to
FIG. 5 , a distributedcommunications system 90 that communicates with theclient device 24 to provide a first type of service such as cellular communication capability using a first protocol (e.g., GSM, IS-95, UMTS, CDMA2000, WIMAX, LTE, or the like) and that provides location information to theclient device 24 through a second protocol is provided. In an exemplary embodiment, the second protocol is one of RFID, BLUETOOTH, Zigbee, and Dash7. NFC standards cover communications protocols and data exchange formats, and are based on existing radio-frequency RFID standards including ISO/IEC 14443 and FeliCa. The standards include ISO/IEC 18092 and those defined by the NFC Forum. - The
HEU 12 may be coupled toRAU 14 through anoptical fiber 16. Likewise, theHEU 12 may be communicatively coupled to one ormore BTS 78 and theinternet 92. TheRAU 14 may include a microprocessor and memory (not shown explicitly) in which location information such as geo-coordinates of theRAU 14 may be stored. TheRAU 14 further includes afirst antenna 32A which communicates with theclient device 24 using the first protocol and asecond antenna 32 which communicates with theclient device 24 using the second protocol. In an alternate embodiment, asingle antenna 32 is used for both protocols. As another alternate embodiment, the location information may be stored elsewhere, such as in theHEU 12 or even remotely such as in a database service such as Google Maps, or other central reference source or files such as iBwave site survey. - With continuing reference to
FIG. 5 , theRAU 14 knows its location and provides that location to theclient device 24. Theclient device 24 may then treat the location of theRAU 14 as the location of theclient device 24. Alternatively, if theclient device 24 is in communication with a plurality ofRAUs 14, then theclient device 24 may use trilateration to ascertain the location of theclient device 24 with greater precision. In another alternate embodiment, additional information at theclient device 24 may be combined with the location information to ascertain a location for theclient device 24. For example, time, accelerometer information, signal strength, last GPS reading, or the like may be used in combination with other data to determine a current location for theclient device 24. Theclient device 24 may use the location information with third party applications, E911 services or other location based applications as appropriate. -
FIG. 6 illustrates a first alternate embodiment of distributedcommunications system 90A. The distributedcommunications system 90A includes aHEU 12A andRAUs 14A(1)-14(N) with BLUETOOTH modules 94(1)-94(N), respectively, that allow communication with theclient device 24 as previously described. - Similarly,
FIG. 7 illustrates a second alternate embodiment of distributedcommunications system 90B. The distributedcommunications system 90B includes aHEU 12B andRAUs 14B(1)-14B(N) with RFID modules 96(1)-96(N), respectively, that allow communication withclient device 24 as previously described. - Note that the distributed
communications systems communications systems communications system 90A, thelocation controller 98A may be positioned in or co-located with theHEU 12A. In contrast to thecontroller 98A, in distributedcommunications system 90B, the location controller can be distributed amongst theRAU 14B(1)-14B(N) as illustrated by location controllers 98(1)-98(N). - While
FIGS. 5-7 focused on ways in which the distributedcommunications system 10 can provide location information to theclient device 24, the present disclosure is not so limited. This disclosure also provides techniques by which the distributedcommunications system 10 can learn respective locations for theRAUs 14 within thesystem 10 such that this information can be passed to theclient device 24. That is, there must be some way through which the distributedcommunications system 10 learns the locations of its component elements such that that information can be passed to theclient device 24. - In this regard,
FIG. 8 illustrates a first technique through which the distributedcommunications system 10 may learn location information. In particular, amethod 100 is illustrated through a flow chart wherein building plans are created (block 102). The building plans may be made before the building is constructed, or these may be retrofit plans. The building plans are annotated with indicia indicating where the distributedcommunications system 10 including the location of theRAUs 14 are located within the building (block 104). Given that the location of the building is known and that the building plans have the dimensions of the rooms, corridors, and other features of the building noted thereon, it is possible to calculate the position of theRAUs 14. - The installer then mounts the
RAUs 14 of the distributedcommunications system 10 and the other components of the distributedcommunications system 10 according to the building plan (block 106). The installer may then enter the RAU identifier, any RF settings, and the geo-location into a database (block 108). This database may be in thecontroller 98A or 98(1)-98(N) or other location as desired. TheRAUs 14 are then communicatively coupled to the database (block 110) and can retrieve location information therein as needed, requested, or desired for transmission to theclient device 24. Such transmission may be on demand, continuously, or other arrangement and may use a secondary protocol as set forth above. - A second technique to provide the distributed
communications system 10 with location information is provided inFIGS. 9 and 10 . In this second technique, an RF survey tool is used to assist in generating location information for use by the distributedcommunications system 10. A flowchart of thisprocess 120 is provided inFIG. 9 . In particular, theprocess 120 starts with the installation of the distributed communications system 10 (block 122). After installation, an RF survey is performed (block 124), by an individual 132 walking around thefloor building 60 with a survey tool 134 (floor 62 shown inFIG. 10 ). - The
survey tool 134 measures RF signal strength and “fingerprint” of locations within thebuilding 60. These RF profiles for the respective RAUs 14(1)-14(N) are measured and stored (block 126). In a first embodiment, thesurvey tool 134 communicates with the one of the RAUs 14(1)-14(N) and through the distributedcommunications system 10 to thedatabase 136 in which the information relating to the RF profile is stored. In a second embodiment, thesurvey tool 134 communicates directly with thedatabase 136. In either embodiment, the geolocations are obtained and stored with the distributed communications system 10 (block 128). The geolocations of a given RF profile may be ascertained by the survey tool 134 (e.g., using an accelerometer, compass, laser distance finder, or comparable elements to ascribe a location to a particular RF profile). The geolocations are linked to aparticular RAU 14 and RF profile (block 130). The linkage may be done by thesurvey tool 134 using the appropriate software or within thedatabase 136. - A
third technique 140 for learning geolocations of the RAUs 14(1)-14(N) of the distributedcommunications system 10 is provided in flowchart form with reference toFIG. 11 . In thistechnique 140, the distributedcommunications system 10 is installed (block 142). Aclient device 24 equipped with a GPS or comparable service enters thebuilding 60 with a “last known location” (block 144). When theclient device 24 communicates with anRAU 14 of the distributedcommunications system 10, theclient device 24 informs the distributedcommunications system 10 of the “last known location” (block 146). The last known location can be augmented by any additional information that theclient device 24 possesses. For example, this additional information may include time elapsed since the last known location was updated. Older information may be weighted less heavily than information that is more contemporaneous. Information from an accelerometer, compass, and other navigation related tools may also be provided so that the distributedcommunications system 10 may infer a current location of theclient device 24. Such last known location, additional information, and signal strength may then be used by the distributedcommunications system 10 to infer a location of anRAU 14 communicating with theclient device 24. Over time, the distributedcommunications system 10 may collect sufficient data to have a reasonably high confidence of a givenRAU 14 location (block 148). Once a threshold confidence is reached, the distributedcommunications system 10 may then provide such location information toother client devices 24 that have requested such location information. - The
HEU 12, theRAU 14, theclient device 24, and other elements disclosed herein can include acomputer system 200. In this regard,FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram representation of additional detail regarding theHEU 12,RAU 14,client device 24 or other element in the exemplary form of anexemplary computer system 200 adapted to execute instructions from an exemplary computer-readable medium to perform power management functions. In this regard, thecomputer system 200 within which a set of instructions for causing the distributedcommunications system 10 to perform any one or more of the methodologies discussed herein may be executed. Thecomputer system 200 may be connected (e.g., networked) to other machines in a LAN, an intranet, an extranet, or the Internet. Thecomputer system 200 may operate in a client-server network environment, or as a peer machine in a peer-to-peer (or distributed) network environment. While only a single device is illustrated, the term “device” shall also include any collection of devices that individually or jointly execute a set (or multiple sets) of instructions to perform any one or more of the methodologies discussed herein. Thecomputer system 200 may be a circuit or circuits included in an electronic board card, such as a printed circuit board (PCB) as an example, a server, a personal computer, a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a computing pad, a mobile device, or any other device, and may represent, for example, a server or a user's computer. - The
exemplary computer system 200 in this embodiment includes a processing device orprocessor 204, a main memory 216 (e.g., read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, dynamic random access memory (DRAM) such as synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), etc.), and a static memory 208 (e.g., flash memory, static random access memory (SRAM), etc.), which may communicate with each other via thedata bus 210. Alternatively, theprocessing device 204 may be connected to themain memory 216 and/orstatic memory 208 directly or via some other connectivity means. Theprocessing device 204 may be a controller, and themain memory 216 orstatic memory 208 may be any type of memory. - The
processing device 204 represents one or more general-purpose processing devices such as a microprocessor, central processing unit, or the like. More particularly, theprocessing device 204 may be a complex instruction set computing (CISC) microprocessor, a reduced instruction set computing (RISC) microprocessor, a very long instruction word (VLIW) microprocessor, a processor implementing other instruction sets, or processors implementing a combination of instruction sets. Theprocessing device 204 is configured to execute processing logic in instructions for performing the operations discussed herein. - The
computer system 200 may further include anetwork interface device 212. Thecomputer system 200 also may or may not include aninput 214 to receive input and selections to be communicated to thecomputer system 200 when executing instructions. Thecomputer system 200 also may include anoutput 217, including but not limited to a visual display, an alphanumeric input device (e.g., a keyboard), and/or a cursor control device (e.g., a mouse). - The
computer system 200 may or may not include a data storage device that includesinstructions 218 stored in a computer-readable medium 220. Theinstructions 218 may also reside, completely or at least partially, within themain memory 216 and/or within theprocessing device 204 during execution thereof by thecomputer system 200, themain memory 216 and theprocessing device 204 also constituting computer-readable medium. The instructions 211 may further be transmitted or received over anetwork 222 via thenetwork interface device 212. - While the computer-
readable medium 220 is shown in an exemplary embodiment to be a single medium, the term “computer-readable medium” shall include a single medium or multiple media (e.g., a centralized or distributed database, and/or associated caches and servers) that store the instructions. The term “computer-readable medium” shall also include any medium that is capable of storing, encoding or carrying a set of instructions for execution by the processing device and that cause the processing device to perform any one or more of the methodologies of the embodiments disclosed herein. The term “computer-readable medium” shall thus include solid-state memories, optical and magnetic medium, and carrier wave signals. - The embodiments disclosed herein include various steps which may be performed by hardware components or may be embodied in machine-executable instructions, which may be used to cause a general-purpose or special-purpose processor programmed with the instructions to perform the steps. Alternatively, the steps may be performed by a combination of hardware and software.
- The embodiments disclosed herein may be provided as a computer program product, or software, that may include a machine-readable medium (or computer-readable medium) having stored thereon instructions, which may be used to program a computer system (or other electronic devices) to perform a process according to the embodiments disclosed herein. A machine-readable medium includes any mechanism for storing or transmitting information in a form readable by a machine (e.g., a computer). For example, a machine-readable medium includes a machine-readable storage medium (e.g., read only memory (“ROM”), random access memory (“RAM”), magnetic disk storage medium, optical storage medium, flash memory devices, etc.), a machine-readable transmission medium (electrical, optical, acoustical or other form of propagated signals (e.g., carrier waves, infrared signals, digital signals, etc.)), etc.
- Unless specifically stated otherwise as apparent from the previous discussion, terms such as “processing,” “computing,” “determining,” “displaying,” or the like, refer to the action and processes of a computer system, or similar electronic computing device, that manipulates and transforms data represented as physical (electronic) quantities within the computer system's registers and memories into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the computer system memories or registers or other such information storage, transmission, or display devices.
- The algorithms and displays presented herein are not inherently related to any particular computer or other apparatus. A variety of programming languages may be used to implement the teachings of the embodiments as described herein.
- The various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithms described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, instructions stored in memory or in another computer-readable medium and executed by a processor or other processing device, or combinations of both. The components of the DAS systems described herein may be employed in any circuit, hardware component, integrated circuit (IC), or IC chip, as examples. Memory disclosed herein may be any type and size of memory and may be configured to store any type of information desired. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality.
- The various illustrative logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented or performed with a processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A controller may be a processor. A processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
- The embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied in hardware and in instructions that are stored in hardware, and may reside in Random Access Memory (RAM), flash memory, Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), registers, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of computer-readable medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. In the alternative, the storage medium may be integral to the processor, which may reside in an ASIC. The ASIC may reside in a remote station. In the alternative, the processor and the storage medium may reside as discrete components in a remote station, base station, or server.
- The operational steps described herein are described to provide examples and discussion, and may be performed in numerous different sequences other than the illustrated sequences. Operations described in a single operational step may actually be performed in a number of different steps, and one or more operational steps discussed in the exemplary embodiments may be combined. The operational steps illustrated in the flow chart diagrams may be subject to numerous different modifications as will be readily apparent to one of skill in the art. Information may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, bits, symbols, and chips may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
- Further, as used herein, the terms “fiber optic cables” and/or “optical fibers” include all types of single mode and multi-mode light waveguides, including one or more optical fibers that may be upcoated, colored, buffered, ribbonized and/or have other organizing or protective structure in a cable such as one or more tubes, strength members, jackets or the like. The optical fibers disclosed herein can be single mode or multi-mode optical fibers.
- The antenna arrangements disclosed herein may include any type of antenna desired, including dipole, monopole, and slot antennas. The distributed antenna systems that employ the antenna arrangements could include any type or number of communications mediums, including but not limited to electrical conductors, optical fiber, and air (i.e., wireless transmission). The DAS systems may distribute and the antenna arrangements disclosed herein may be configured to transmit and receive any type of communications signals, including but not limited to RF communications signals and digital data communications signals, examples of which are described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/892,424, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Multiplexing, such as WDM and/or FDM, may be employed in any of the DASs described herein, such as according to the examples in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/892,424.
- The description and claims are not to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and that modifications and other embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims. It is intended that the embodiments cover the modifications and variations of the embodiments provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents. Although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
Claims (22)
1. A distributed communications apparatus, comprising:
at least one downlink input configured to receive downlink communications signals;
at least one interface configured to receive and provide the downlink communications signals to a remote unit;
the remote unit configured to communicate with one or more client devices and provide location information indicating a current location of the one or more client devices; and
a control system configured to receive data relating to location information relating to a location of the remote unit, wherein the location data is derived from the group consisting of: a building plan, an RF survey, and a walk through interaction.
2. The distributed communications apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a central unit configured to provide the at least one downlink input.
3. The distributed communications apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the remote unit comprises a remote antenna unit, apparatus further comprising a communications path between the at least one interface and the remote unit.
4. The distributed communications apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the communications path comprises an optical fiber.
5. The distributed communications apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the remote unit antenna is further configured to communicate with a survey tool and pass the RF survey to the control system from the survey tool.
6. The distributed communications apparatus of claim 3 , further comprising a database associated with the control system, wherein the database is configured to store the location information.
7. A method for providing location information to a distributed communications apparatus, the method comprising:
providing a central unit and one or more remote units in the distributed communications apparatus;
providing a control system in the distributed communications apparatus; and
receiving data relating to location information relating to a location of the one or more remote units, wherein the location data is derived from the group consisting of: a building plan, an RF survey, and a walk through interaction.
8. The method of claim 7 , further comprising providing the location data to a client device through the one or more remote units.
9. The method of claim 8 , further comprising providing downlink communications signals through at least one downlink input.
10. The method of claim 9 , further comprising providing an optical fiber communications path between at least one interface and the one or more remote units.
11. The method of claim 10 , further comprising receiving an RF survey from a survey tool wherein the RF survey provides an RF fingerprint for various locations served by the distributed communications apparatus.
12. The method of claim 10 , further comprising receiving an upload of the building plan.
13. A distributed communications apparatus, comprising:
at least one downlink input configured to receive downlink communications signals;
at least one interface configured to receive and provide the downlink communications signals to a remote unit;
the remote unit configured to communicate with one or more client devices and receive from the one or more client devices location information indicating a current location of the client device; and
a control system configured to use the location information from the one or more client devices and calculate a location of the remote unit.
14. The distributed communications apparatus of claim 13 , further comprising a central unit configured to provide the at least one downlink input, wherein the remote unit comprises a remote antenna unit.
15. The distributed communications apparatus of claim 13 , further comprising a communications path between the at least one interface and the remote unit, wherein the communications path comprises an optical fiber.
16. The distributed communications apparatus of claim 15 , further comprising a database associated with the control system, wherein the database is stored in memory collocated with the control system.
17. The distributed communications apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the control system configured to calculate a location of the remote unit is configured to use information from a plurality of client devices in calculating the location of the remote unit, wherein the control system is configured to weight information from the plurality of client devices according to a predefined criterion.
18. A method for providing location information to a distributed communications apparatus, the method comprising:
providing a central unit and one or more remote units in the distributed communications apparatus;
providing a control system in the distributed communications apparatus;
receiving location data from one or more client devices; and
calculating a location for one or more components of the distributed communications apparatus based at least in part on the location data from the one or more client devices.
19. The method of claim 18 , further comprising:
subsequently providing the location data to a client device through the one or more remote units; and
providing downlink communications signals through at least one downlink input.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein providing one or more remote units comprises providing one or more remote antenna units, the method further comprising providing a communications path between at least one interface and the one or more remote units.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein providing the communications path comprises providing an optical fiber configured to operate as a communications path, the method comprising storing the location in a database associated with the control system.
22. The method of claim 21 , further wherein calculating the location of the one or more remote units comprises using information from a plurality of client devices in calculating the location of the one or more remote antenna units.
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