US20160200469A1 - Improved apparatus for automatically opening crates of different dimensions - Google Patents

Improved apparatus for automatically opening crates of different dimensions Download PDF

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Publication number
US20160200469A1
US20160200469A1 US14/914,480 US201414914480A US2016200469A1 US 20160200469 A1 US20160200469 A1 US 20160200469A1 US 201414914480 A US201414914480 A US 201414914480A US 2016200469 A1 US2016200469 A1 US 2016200469A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
vertical
frame
distance
lifting
crates
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Abandoned
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US14/914,480
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English (en)
Inventor
Luca Benedetti
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Unitec SpA
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Unitec SpA
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Publication date
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Assigned to UNITEC S.P.A. reassignment UNITEC S.P.A. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BENEDETTI, LUCA
Publication of US20160200469A1 publication Critical patent/US20160200469A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B43/00—Forming, feeding, opening or setting-up containers or receptacles in association with packaging
    • B65B43/26—Opening or distending bags; Opening, erecting, or setting-up boxes, cartons, or carton blanks
    • B65B43/265—Opening, erecting or setting-up boxes, cartons or carton blanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B43/00—Forming, feeding, opening or setting-up containers or receptacles in association with packaging
    • B65B43/26—Opening or distending bags; Opening, erecting, or setting-up boxes, cartons, or carton blanks
    • B65B43/34—Opening or distending bags; Opening, erecting, or setting-up boxes, cartons, or carton blanks by internal pressure
    • B65B43/345—Opening or distending bags; Opening, erecting, or setting-up boxes, cartons, or carton blanks by internal pressure applied to boxes, cartons or carton blanks

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to an improved apparatus for opening the crates that are normally used to contain horticultural products; after being used and emptied, said crates are closed again by collapsing their vertical walls inward.
  • crates can be of different sizes, both due to the type of contents and mostly for their different uses and the requirements of the market.
  • the purpose of this operation is to decisively reduce the overall volume of said crates, because after being used they must be rearranged so they can be returned to the collection and filling centres.
  • the same patent also introduces a relative method for opening in a fully automatic mode the folded side walls of a plurality of crates, preferably for horticultural products, provided with a bottom plane and with two pairs of opposite walls, individually hinged on said bottom plane, that are arranged in an identical and ordered manner, and lie vertically one on top of the other so as to form a relative first stack, in which said method comprises the following operations:
  • the optimal solution would consist in fact of providing a single apparatus for opening the crates and their subsequent stacking that is capable of operating with crates of very different sizes, including their relative height.
  • this apparatus must be provided with devices suitable to be adapted to the size of crates having different dimensions, including the relative heights, in which said devices, and the actuators of the same, can be operated and adjusted so as to “process” crates of different dimensions, in a simple, immediate, safe and economic manner.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate a vertical plan view of a first sub-assembly of the inventive apparatus in two distinct operating modes.
  • FIGS. 3 and 3A illustrate two views from above of the sub-assembly of the previous figures, in two different and respective states of operation.
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view on a vertical plane and symbolic of the movement of the crates and of the relative support mountings, in their extreme positions, in the first stack of closed crates.
  • FIG. 4A illustrates a simplified perspective view of the crates in the two extreme positions of FIG. 4 .
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a plan view from above of another sub-assembly of the inventive apparatus.
  • FIG. 5A shows a simplified perspective view of the sub-assembly of FIG. 5 , relative to the stacks of closed crates.
  • FIGS. 5B and 5C illustrate respective views, similar to FIG. 5 , of the same sub-assembly in two distinct states of operation.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a plan view on a vertical and symbolic plane of the movement of the crates and of the relative support mountings, in the relative extreme positions, in the final stack of open crates.
  • FIG. 6A is a simplified and perspective view of the crates in the two extreme positions of FIG. 6 .
  • FIG. 7 shows a plan view from above of another sub-assembly of the inventive apparatus, relative to the stacks of open crates.
  • FIG. 7A shows a simplified perspective view of the sub-assembly of FIG. 7 .
  • FIGS. 7B and 7C illustrate respective views, similar to FIG. 7 , of the same sub-assembly in two different states of operation.
  • FIG. 8 is a concise, plane, vertical and side view of the inventive apparatus.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates a diagonal perspective view from above of the apparatus of FIG. 8 .
  • FIG. 10 is a plan view from above of the apparatus of FIGS. 8 and 9 .
  • FIG. 11 illustrates a particular constructive mode of the apparatus, viewed as in FIG. 8 .
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 illustrate respective perspective views of the apparatus shown generally in FIG. 9 , but separated into its two component work stations.
  • FIGS. 14 and 15 illustrate two perspective views of the inventive apparatus seen from two viewing points almost diagonally opposite to each other.
  • FIGS. 14 and 15 provide an expert in the field with the necessary and sufficient information to distinguish in said figures the main assemblies or functional groups that are represented in the detailed but symbolic figures, and described one by one.
  • the apparatus of the present invention is made up—from the functional, but not constructive point of view—of two distinct working stations, that is, a first station S- 1 , where the succession of stacks of closed crates arrives and that is provided with devices and mechanisms to open the individual crates one at a time, and to carry them to a second station S- 2 , where the same succession of crates, which now however are open, are stacked again and finally carried outside the whole apparatus.
  • Such apparatus is designed to carry out the following operations:
  • Said blocking and transferring device comprises an operating body ( 202 ) on which are applied, from opposite sides, two respective horizontal rods, ( 203 , 203 A) that support respective command boxes ( 204 , 204 A), each of which is provided with at least one respective blocking means ( 205 , 205 A) that can move selectively and controllably inward, that is, toward said operating body 202 , or in the opposite direction, that is, outward.
  • Said operating body ( 202 ) is supported and moved by a vertical rod ( 201 ) that can be telescopically and controllably extended and retracted and that is in turn supported by a central body ( 200 ), that can be controllably lifted and lowered vertically, and that can be translated on a horizontal plane.
  • a vertical rod ( 201 ) that can be telescopically and controllably extended and retracted and that is in turn supported by a central body ( 200 ), that can be controllably lifted and lowered vertically, and that can be translated on a horizontal plane.
  • said central body 200 and said underlying vertical rod are moved vertically not only for a downward stroke, and subsequent upward stroke, with a travel of preset length for each type of crate included in the underlying stack of closed crates, so as to push against a pair of opposed vertical walls of the newly-opened underlying crate, but the length of the downward and upward stroke of said travel of preset length is made dependent on the height of the same crate, that is, in practice, on the height of the respective vertical walls.
  • FIG. 1 is symbolically illustrated the case in which at a first stack of crates “M”, the top crate has a height h 1
  • FIG. 2 is symbolically illustrated the case in which at a second stack of crates “N”, the top crate has a height of h 2 >h 1 .
  • This characteristic that is, the capacity of regulating the extent of the lowering/lifting travel and therefore the position of the central body 200 and of the operating body 202 is not only defined by predefined standardized parameters, such as principally the position of the crate to be opened located on the top of the relative stack, but according to this first aspect of the invention said lowering/lifting travel extent is obtained through command and control means, in themselves known and not further illustrated, that regulate said lowering/lifting travel based on specific commands and instructions sent to said command and control means and that naturally include the information, possibly coded, representative of the height of the vertical walls of the type of crate being processed.
  • the summary information concerning the type of crate being processed is entered, which information includes not only the information regarding the height of the vertical walls, but also the information on the plan dimensions of the crate.
  • a second aspect of the invention regards the manners in which said horizontal rods engage and push against the vertical walls 4 and 4 A (see FIG. 3 ) of the open crate on top of the stack, which must be held and lifted.
  • said horizontal rods 203 and 203 A are provided with respective distancing members 203 B and 203 A-B, each capable of extending and selectively shortening the length of the respective rod 203 and 203 A.
  • Said distancing members are in turn controlled by suitable command and control devices, known in the field and which will be described in detail later.
  • FIGS. 3 and 3A illustrate schematically but clearly the case of two distinct crates that are already opened but provided with different widths “L 1 ” and “L 2 ”.
  • said horizontal rods 203 and 203 A support respective command boxes ( 204 , 204 A), each of which is equipped with at least one respective blocking means ( 205 , 205 A), which can be moved selectively and controllably toward the inside, that is, toward said operating body 202 , or in the opposite direction, that is, toward the outside.
  • said horizontal rods 203 and 203 A can be selectively dimensioned in their horizontal extension so that the respective blocking means ( 205 , 205 A) can come into contact with, and controllably push against, the opposite walls 4 , 4 A of the respective crate (for the sake of simplicity, the same numerals 4 and 4 A are used to indicate the two opposite walls of crates, even when the crates have different widths L 1 and L 2 ).
  • the individual stacks of closed crates are carried progressively by transportation means, particularly conveyors, and stacked in said first station S- 1 .
  • the means and manners for lifting one by one the successive stacks of closed crates are known from the above-mentioned patent, and consist of lifting at specific moments said lifting structures by an extent equal to the height of the closed crate, so that each closed crate is carried to the desired position for the subsequent opening operation, and then for the subsequent transportation to the next station S- 2 .
  • This operation is repeated for all the crates of the stack present in the first station S- 1 , until the stack is emptied.
  • the lifting means for the successive stacks of closed crates consist of pairs of lifting mountings 47 , 47 A- 48 , 48 A that are initially applied below the stack of closed crates to be lifted, and that are then lifted, with known means, so as to lift the stack lying on it for an upward travel that is equal to the total thickness, or vertical dimension, of each closed crate.
  • the indicator numeral 47 to identify a first pair of lifting mountings that are aligned in a direction parallel to the feeding direction “X” of the crates and that are located, suitably separated horizontally from each other, substantially below a corresponding edge of the crates, and similarly we will use the indicator numeral 48 to indicate a second pair of lifting mountings that act on the other edges of the respective crates and that are substantially symmetrical to the first pair of lifting mountings 47 with respect to a plane of symmetry:
  • the top crate on the stack is opened, lifted and removed from the stack; this frees the space occupied by the newly opened and removed top crate, and then each stack of closed crates is progressively lifted in a stepwise sequence or at subsequent moments, so that this space accommodates the subsequent underlying crate.
  • FIGS. 4 and 4A the stack of crates is shown by illustrating only the top crate 1 ; it is assumed that this simplification will not complicate the understanding of the explanation, considering also FIGS. 1 and 2 , in which the top crate in the stack of closed crates is identified by number 1 .
  • the main objective of the invention is to open crates that could be even significantly different in their dimensions on the horizontal plane, that is, in their relative width and length.
  • each lifting mounting 47 , 47 A and 48 , 48 A belonging to one and the same pair of lifting mountings must be able to be distanced from/approached to the other lifting mounting in the same pair in order to make it possible to adjust, as explained above, the second horizontal dimension, that is, the length, of the support base as a function of the effective length of the bottom crate in the overlying stack of closed crates.
  • the position of said two pairs of lifting mountings 47 , 47 A and 48 , 48 A is made selectively controllable, on the horizontal plane, so that the reciprocal distance from 47 to 47 A, and from 48 to 48 A can be modified, naturally on the basis of the “length” of the crates being processed, and with a direction substantially parallel to said plane of vertical symmetry and parallel to said direction “X”.
  • a first pair of lifting mountings 57 , 57 A is applied to a respective support and lowering frame 570 , and likewise a second pair of lifting mountings 58 , 58 A is applied to a respective lowering frame 580 .
  • said two lowering frames, and the relative lifting mountings are used as a means of support of the open crates that are progressively carried there and stacked by said blocking and transferring device comprising the operating body 202 with respective horizontal rods 203 , 203 A and command boxes 204 , 204 A.
  • the means and manners for lowering the successive stacks of open crates are suitably completely similar to what is applied and explained for lifting the stacks of closed crates, but obviously the procedures for the vertical movements are reversed, because in the present case said second station S- 2 is realized for lowering the stacks of crates (and not for lifting them, as in the station S- 1 ).
  • the stack After having formed a stack of open crates through progressive piling of successive open crates, and thus corresponding lowerings of the relative stack being formed, the stack is completely lowered.
  • the stack is removed from the station S- 2 with known means, and the pairs of the respective lifting mountings must be lifted again to receive a new open crate and thus to form a successive stack.
  • this re-lifting operation consists essentially of the following individual and sequential phases:
  • a 1 widening of the distance between the lifting mountings of a first pair 57 , 57 A and the lifting mountings of the second pair 58 , 58 A, in other words from a first distance K 1 to a second distance K 2 , in order to allow the extraction with a horizontal movement of the newly formed stack made up of open crates between the two pairs of lifting mountings, in a horizontal direction “Y” orthogonal to the direction “X” seen before; b 1 ) synchronized lifting of the two pairs of lifting mountings 57 , 57 A and 58 , 58 A for an equal travel “R” so as to return them to the level “V” of the starting upper position; c 1 ) re-approaching (again in the direction “Y”) of the same lifting mountings to each other so as to return them to the initial distance “K 1 ”, this makes it possible to adjust the two pairs of lifting mountings according to a first plan dimension of the crates, and that is in this case based on the width of the same.
  • Each lifting mounting belonging to a same pair must thus be able to be separated from/approached to the lifting mounting of the same pair so as to be able to adjust, as mentioned above, the second dimension on the horizontal plane, that is the length, of the support frame which must support the bottom crate of the stack of open crates, that are to be carried outside the apparatus of the invention.
  • the position of said two pairs of lifting modules 57 , 57 A and 58 , 58 A is made selectively controllable, on the horizontal plane, that is, in length, and with a direction parallel to said direction “X” (obviously, the same as the direction “X” seen previously) orthogonal to the spreading/narrowing direction K 1 , K 2 defined above.
  • said apparatus can be advantageously formed by the joining of two component frames, as follows:
  • said first frame 400 has been described individually because it contains within it said first station S- 1 , which contains some of the devices described above, and contains in particular the four lifting modules relative to the stacks of closed crates, that is, the two of the pair 57 and 57 A, and the two of the pair 58 , 58 A.
  • these lifting modules will have to have a precise positioning with respect to said first frame 400 .
  • the second frame 401 substantially similar to the first frame 400 , comprises at least four vertical columns 200 , 201 , 202 , 203 arranged at the corners of the parallelepiped, in which its four faces are, two by two, parallel to each other or orthogonal to each other at a same vertical plane “VL 2 ”; these columns are joined at the top and at the bottom by four respective horizontal bars 200 A, 200 B, 200 C, 200 D; in this case, too, two horizontal bars are arranged on the first vertical plane “VL 1 ”, while the other two horizontal bars are arranged on the second vertical plane “VL 2 ”, obviously parallel to said first plane “VL 1 ”.
  • Said two frames 400 , 401 are thus joined and integrated with further horizontal bars, not specifically indicated, in the sense that they are made to slide along said first vertical planes “VL 1 ” and “VL 2 ” so as to join and form a solid structure 1000 , like two vertical, parallel and side-by-side walls.
  • said parallel vertical planes “VL 1 ” and “VL 2 ” are also parallel to the common direction “X” of alignment of the stacks of closed crates that feed the apparatus, and of alignment of the stacks of open crates that are carried outside the same apparatus.
  • the basic structure of the apparatus comprises a support frame shown symbolically in the figures from 8 to 11.
  • width means the transversal dimension “Y” exemplified by the dimensions L 1 or L 2 , see FIGS.
  • Said gearing box 330 is in turn connected, in a known manner, to a drive shaft 340 suitable to be rotated so that its rotation determines, through said gearing box 330 , the moving apart or the moving toward each other of the parts of said side portions 500 , 600 of two frames 400 , 401 .
  • Said action of adjusting the distance between said two frames makes it possible to control in a stable and synchronized manner the distance, according to said direction “Y”, of all the operating bodies in accordance with the different and variable widths of the stacks of crates that can follow each other in feeding the apparatus.
  • the adjustment of the distance between said two side portions 500 , 600 makes it possible to widen or approach said frames 470 , 480 to each other (for the stacks of closed crates) and similarly, and in a synchronized manner, also the frames 570 , 580 for the stacks of open crates.
  • the overall crate opening station comprising in particular said vertical axis 201 , and the relative central body 200 and operating body 202 , and naturally said pairs of lifting mountings 47 , 47 A and 48 , 48 A and the relative working devices, is symmetrical with respect to a vertical plane “PV” passing through the centre of said vertical axis 201 and orthogonal to said common direction “X”.
  • FIGS. 5, 5B and 5C is symbolically shown with the straight line “PV” the line intersecting said plane of symmetry and a general horizontal plane.
  • the positioning of the successive stacks of closed crates is done automatically by adjusting the feeding of the respective stack in said first station “S- 1 ” up to the point in which the distance in length (axis “X”) of the respective stacks is centred exactly on said vertical plane “PV”.
  • all said operating bodies, various actuators, lifting, lowering and rotation means, drive means, approaching and/or distancing means, etc. are connected to a command and control unit—not shown—in which are previously stored all the controls to actuate with a prearranged sequence and particularly by a predefined extent all said bodies, devices, means, etc., on the basis of the complete dimensions of each type of crate to be opened.
  • the same unit is also made suitable to store in an ordered and appropriately combined manner the parameters corresponding to a plurality of types of crates having different dimensions, so that, as a person skilled in the field will have already understood, it is immediately possible to enter into said command and control means a simple coded instruction representative of a particular type of crate and to automatically have said command and control means process and transmit to said bodies, devices, actuators, etc., the appropriate signals suitable to determine their correct positioning or in general the operating mode corresponding to the type of crate selected.
  • command and control unit and the programming of the relative memories and instructions, is however an activity that can be fully carried out by the expert in the field, and therefore it will not be explained further.
  • controls, structures, operating bodies, devices, actuators generally described above and providing displacements, distances, rotations, operating sequences of control bodies, etc. can be implemented and operated through known means and modes, that can be realized ideally without any difficulty, on the basis of the existing requirements, by an expert in the field, and therefore they will not be expressly illustrated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Stacking Of Articles And Auxiliary Devices (AREA)
  • Rigid Containers With Two Or More Constituent Elements (AREA)
  • Supplying Of Containers To The Packaging Station (AREA)
  • Packaging Of Special Articles (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
US14/914,480 2013-09-12 2014-09-03 Improved apparatus for automatically opening crates of different dimensions Abandoned US20160200469A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITPN2013A000053 2013-09-12
IT000053A ITPN20130053A1 (it) 2013-09-12 2013-09-12 Apparato perfezionato per l¿apertura automatica di casse di differenti dimensioni
PCT/IB2014/064213 WO2015036896A1 (en) 2013-09-12 2014-09-03 Improved apparatus for automatically opening crates of different dimensions

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US20160200469A1 true US20160200469A1 (en) 2016-07-14

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US14/914,480 Abandoned US20160200469A1 (en) 2013-09-12 2014-09-03 Improved apparatus for automatically opening crates of different dimensions

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US (1) US20160200469A1 (sr)
EP (1) EP3044102B1 (sr)
BR (1) BR112016001846A2 (sr)
CA (1) CA2921409A1 (sr)
CL (1) CL2016000474A1 (sr)
DK (1) DK3044102T3 (sr)
ES (1) ES2633956T3 (sr)
HR (1) HRP20170825T1 (sr)
IT (1) ITPN20130053A1 (sr)
PL (1) PL3044102T3 (sr)
PT (1) PT3044102T (sr)
RS (1) RS56265B1 (sr)
WO (1) WO2015036896A1 (sr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160318642A1 (en) * 2014-01-24 2016-11-03 Unitec S.P.A. Automatic installation for the automatic opening of crates for orthi-cultural and other products
US20190333797A1 (en) * 2018-04-30 2019-10-31 Stek Co., Ltd Apparatus and method for opening snap-shot cases
US11511900B2 (en) * 2021-03-18 2022-11-29 Osgood Industries, Llc Adjustable frame mount for process unit
US11529653B2 (en) 2021-01-11 2022-12-20 Durand-Wayland, Inc. Produce sorting systems and methods

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5106359A (en) * 1991-09-16 1992-04-21 Lott Michael E Carton formation system
US20080127613A1 (en) * 2006-09-27 2008-06-05 Rob Ware Crate-erecting machine
US7509790B1 (en) * 2005-11-13 2009-03-31 Zoltan Filep Random case former
US20140031188A1 (en) * 2011-03-03 2014-01-30 Georg Rudolf Janse Van Rensburg Method and apparatus for erecting part of a container

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH07257517A (ja) * 1994-03-28 1995-10-09 Okura Yusoki Co Ltd 折畳み式コンテナ組立装置
EP2181841B1 (de) * 2008-11-04 2011-05-11 Tanzer Peter Maschinenbau Maschine zum Aufklappen/Zuklappen von Steigen mit klappbaren Seitenwänden
ITPN20110034A1 (it) * 2011-05-16 2012-11-17 Unitec Spa Apparato e procedimento per l'apertura automatica di casse per prodotti orto-frutticoli

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5106359A (en) * 1991-09-16 1992-04-21 Lott Michael E Carton formation system
US7509790B1 (en) * 2005-11-13 2009-03-31 Zoltan Filep Random case former
US20080127613A1 (en) * 2006-09-27 2008-06-05 Rob Ware Crate-erecting machine
US20140031188A1 (en) * 2011-03-03 2014-01-30 Georg Rudolf Janse Van Rensburg Method and apparatus for erecting part of a container

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160318642A1 (en) * 2014-01-24 2016-11-03 Unitec S.P.A. Automatic installation for the automatic opening of crates for orthi-cultural and other products
US20190333797A1 (en) * 2018-04-30 2019-10-31 Stek Co., Ltd Apparatus and method for opening snap-shot cases
US11529653B2 (en) 2021-01-11 2022-12-20 Durand-Wayland, Inc. Produce sorting systems and methods
US11511900B2 (en) * 2021-03-18 2022-11-29 Osgood Industries, Llc Adjustable frame mount for process unit

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Publication number Publication date
PL3044102T3 (pl) 2017-11-30
RS56265B1 (sr) 2017-11-30
CL2016000474A1 (es) 2016-12-09
EP3044102A1 (en) 2016-07-20
BR112016001846A2 (pt) 2017-08-01
DK3044102T3 (da) 2017-08-07
WO2015036896A1 (en) 2015-03-19
ES2633956T3 (es) 2017-09-26
PT3044102T (pt) 2017-06-12
HRP20170825T1 (hr) 2017-08-25
ITPN20130053A1 (it) 2015-03-13
EP3044102B1 (en) 2017-04-26
CA2921409A1 (en) 2015-03-19

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