US20160137020A1 - Element For Cooling The Air Of A Motor Vehicle - Google Patents

Element For Cooling The Air Of A Motor Vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
US20160137020A1
US20160137020A1 US14/899,963 US201414899963A US2016137020A1 US 20160137020 A1 US20160137020 A1 US 20160137020A1 US 201414899963 A US201414899963 A US 201414899963A US 2016137020 A1 US2016137020 A1 US 2016137020A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
air
change material
phase
cooling
composite phase
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US14/899,963
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English (en)
Inventor
Georges De Pelsemaeker
Kamel Azzouz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
Original Assignee
Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS filed Critical Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
Assigned to VALEO SYSTEMES THERMIQUES reassignment VALEO SYSTEMES THERMIQUES ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: Azzouz, Kamel, DE PELSEMAEKER, GEORGES
Publication of US20160137020A1 publication Critical patent/US20160137020A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00492—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices comprising regenerative heating or cooling means, e.g. heat accumulators
    • B60H1/005—Regenerative cooling means, e.g. cold accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an element for cooling the air in a motor vehicle, and more particularly to an element in the region of an air-conditioning device in a motor vehicle comprising a composite phase-change material.
  • Air-conditioning devices for motor vehicles generally comprise an air-conditioning loop in which a heat-transfer fluid circulates.
  • the air-conditioning loop in particular comprises a compressor, a first heat exchanger, an expansion valve and a second heat exchanger that is placed in a duct for the inlet of air from the passenger compartment.
  • the air-conditioning loop allows the air intended for the passenger compartment to be cooled when the first heat exchanger acts as the condenser and the second heat exchanger acts as the evaporator.
  • the heat energy removed by the second heat exchanger from the air intended for the passenger compartment is released by condensation in the region of the first heat exchanger.
  • the air intended for the passenger compartment can be heated by passing through the air-conditioning loop in heat-pump mode.
  • the functions of the first and second heat exchangers are reversed.
  • the first heat exchanger thus acts as the evaporator, removing heat energy from the outside air. Said heat energy is then released in the region of the second heat exchanger, which acts as the condenser and thus heats the air intended for the passenger compartment.
  • the composite phase-change material comprises at least one first material which is a phase-change material and one second material of which the structure forms a support matrix for said phase-change material.
  • the composite phase-change material is such that, owing to its composite structure, it maintains a rigid structure whether the phase-change material is in a solid or liquid state.
  • phase-change material may pose problems relating to durability.
  • the phase-change material present in its support matrix may reduce, for example by evaporation or by flow. Over time, this therefore leads to a reduction in the efficiency of said composite phase-change material.
  • One of the objects of the invention is therefore to propose an element for cooling the air comprising a composite phase-change material that is durable over time and an air-conditioning device for a motor vehicle which overcome at least some of the drawbacks of the prior art.
  • the present invention therefore relates to an element for cooling the air in a motor vehicle, comprising a composite phase-change material made of at least one first material which is a phase-change material and one second material of which the structure forms a support matrix for said phase-change material, said composite phase-change material being covered with a heat-conducting protective layer.
  • the composite phase-change material is covered with a heat-conducting protective layer prevents the phase-change material from escaping, either by flow or by evaporation.
  • the protective layer is heat-conducting allows good heat exchange to be maintained between the air flow that passes in contact with the composite phase-change material and the phase-change material.
  • the protective layer is an oleophobic and hydrophobic surface treatment having organic/inorganic hybrid nanoparticles.
  • the protective layer is a metal film having high thermal conductivity.
  • the protective layer is an evaporative layer of heat-conducting polymer.
  • the composite phase-change material comprises at least one rigid structural reinforcement therewithin.
  • the rigid structural reinforcement is a metal framework.
  • the rigid structural reinforcement is a plastics framework.
  • the present invention also relates to an air-conditioning device for a motor vehicle, comprising an air-conditioning loop which comprises a first heat exchanger that is in contact with the outside air and a second heat exchanger that is placed in an air-conditioning housing, characterised in that it comprises at least one element for cooling the air as described above, said element being placed in the region of the air diffuser in the passenger compartment.
  • At least one element for cooling the air forms a diffusion grating at the outlet of the air diffuser in the passenger compartment.
  • At least one element for cooling the air forms flaps for orienting and/or closing off the air flow entering the passenger compartment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an air-conditioning device for a motor vehicle according to a first embodiment
  • FIGS. 2 a and 2 b are schematic sectional views of the structure of the composite phase-change material
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an air-conditioning device for a motor vehicle according to a second embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an air-conditioning device for a motor vehicle according to a third embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an air-conditioning device for a motor vehicle according to a fourth embodiment
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an air-conditioning device for a motor vehicle according to a fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective exploded view of an air diffuser in the passenger compartment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an air-conditioning device 1 .
  • Said air-conditioning device 1 comprises an air-conditioning loop in which a heat-transfer fluid circulates, and comprises a first heat exchanger 12 , an expansion valve 14 , a second heat exchanger 16 and a compressor 10 .
  • the first heat exchanger 12 may be placed in contact with the air outside the vehicle, for example in the region of the front surface. Said first heat exchanger 12 may in particular be coupled to a fan 18 that allows the outside air to pass through said heat exchanger, if the motor vehicle is moving at low speed or has stopped.
  • the second heat exchanger 16 is in turn placed within an air-conditioning housing 2 .
  • the compressor 10 is placed at the outlet of the second heat exchanger 16 and the expansion valve 14 is placed at the inlet of said heat exchanger.
  • the first heat exchanger 12 is a condenser which yields the heat energy to the air in order to allow the heat-transfer fluid to pass from a gaseous phase to a liquid phase and the second heat exchanger 16 is an evaporator which captures the heat energy of the air intended for the passenger compartment in order to allow the heat-transfer fluid to pass from a liquid phase to a gaseous phase.
  • the air-conditioning housing 2 in turn comprises a mixing chamber 26 and air-distribution ducts 30 A, 30 B, 30 C.
  • a fan 22 may also be placed upstream of the air-conditioning housing 2 in order to propel the air through said air-conditioning housing 2 .
  • the air intended for the passenger compartment is propelled by the fan 22 , passes through the second heat exchanger 16 and enters the mixing chamber 26 .
  • the entry of the air in said mixing chamber 26 is controlled and regulated by a mixing flap 24 .
  • the orientation of the mixing flap 24 makes it possible to guide the air intended for the passenger compartment either directly towards the distribution ducts, the air being cold in this case, or indeed through a heater 32 , for example an additional electrical heating device having a positive temperature coefficient, the air being heated in this case.
  • the air intended for the passenger compartment is distributed by means of closure flaps 28 to the regions of the passenger compartment via the air-distribution ducts 30 A, 30 B and 30 C.
  • the air-distribution duct 30 A guides the air towards the air outlets below the windscreen
  • the air-distribution duct 30 B guides the air towards the outlets on the dashboard
  • the air-distribution duct 30 C guides the air towards the air outlets under the dashboard in the foot well region.
  • the air-conditioning housing 2 further comprises at least one element for cooling the air in the vehicle.
  • This element comprises a composite phase-change material 40 , the structure of which is shown in FIGS. 2 a and 2 b .
  • Said composite phase-change material 40 is made of at least one first material which is a phase-change material 42 and one second material 44 of which the structure forms a support matrix for said phase-change material.
  • the composite phase-change material 40 is such that, owing to its composite structure, it maintains a rigid structure whether the phase-change material 42 is in the solid or liquid state.
  • phase-change material 40 allows increased thermal conductivity to be ensured compared with a phase-change material integrated into the second heat exchanger 16 , and also allows good mechanical strength to be ensured.
  • the composite phase-change material 40 is covered with a heat-conducting protective layer 46 that prevents the phase-change material 42 from escaping, either by flow or by evaporation.
  • the fact that the protective layer 46 is heat-conducting allows good heat exchange to be maintained between the air flow that passes in contact with the composite phase-change material 40 and the phase-change material 42 .
  • the protective layer 46 has a thickness of from 0 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the heat-conducting protective layer 46 may in particular be:
  • a protective layer 46 which is in the form of a carbon-fibre layer or a metal film having high thermal conductivity in particular has a thickness that is greater than or equal to 20 ⁇ m, whereas a protective layer 46 which is in the form of a surface treatment or an evaporative layer of heat-conducting polymer has a thickness of less than 20 ⁇ m.
  • a thick protective layer 46 has lower thermal conduction but greater protective potential, and conversely, a thinner protective layer has better thermal conduction but lower protective potential. Therefore, the choice of the type of protective layer 46 is dependent on the placement of the composite phase-change material 40 within the air-conditioning device 1 .
  • the phase-change material 42 used in the composite phase-change material 40 may be, in particular, an organic or inorganic phase-change material of plant or other origin. It preferably has a melting temperature of between 9 and 13° C. In addition, in order to ensure a high capacity for energy storage and therefore for removing heat from the air intended for the passenger compartment, said phase-change material advantageously has a latent heat of between 100 and 300 KJ/kg.
  • the second material 44 that forms the support matrix for the phase-change material 42 within the composite phase-change material 40 may be a matrix of carbon capillary fibres or polymer capillary fibres.
  • the composite phase-change material 40 may also comprise at least one rigid structural reinforcement 48 therewithin.
  • This rigid structural reinforcement 48 gives the composite phase-change material 40 better mechanical strength.
  • the rigid structural reinforcement 48 may be, for example, a metal framework or a plastics framework surrounded by the composite phase-change material 40 .
  • the element for cooling the air in the vehicle comprising the composite phase-change material 40 surrounds the second heat exchanger 16 at least in part. Therefore, when the air-conditioning loop is stopped, the air intended for the passenger compartment, which is passing through the heat exchanger, continues to be cooled due to the transfer of heat energy between the air and the second heat exchanger 16 . Instead of being removed by the heat-transfer fluid, this heat energy is absorbed by the composite phase-change material 40 , wherein the composite phase-change material passes from a solid to a liquid state.
  • the composite phase-change material 40 is used as a material for producing the support for the second heat exchanger 16 .
  • This configuration around the second heat exchanger 16 in particular allows the space required for integrating the composite phase-change material 40 into the air-conditioning housing 2 to be limited.
  • the element for cooling the air in the vehicle comprising the composite phase-change material 40 may also be placed downstream of the second heat exchanger 16 within the air-inlet duct 2 , and thus may be in direct contact with the air intended for the passenger compartment and therefore may efficiently exchange the heat energy therewith and therefore improve comfort for the user if the air-conditioning loop is stopped.
  • the composite phase-change material 40 is advantageously placed downstream of the second heat exchanger 16 .
  • the composite phase-change material 40 is placed between the second heat exchanger 16 and the mixing and redistribution chamber 26 .
  • the element for cooling the air in the vehicle comprising the composite phase-change material 40 is placed within the air-distribution conduits 30 A, 30 B, 30 C. This allows the space required for the composite phase-change material 40 in the air-conditioning housing to be limited.
  • the element for cooling the air in the vehicle comprising the composite phase-change material 40 is integrated into the closure flaps 28 . This makes it possible to limit the space required for the composite phase-change material 40 in the air-conditioning housing 2 and limits the disturbances to the air flow.
  • the composite phase-change material 40 may advantageously form said closure flaps 28 for ease of manufacture and for the purposes of economy.
  • the element for cooling the air in the vehicle comprising the composite phase-change material 40 is integrated into the same wall of the air-conditioning housing 2 .
  • this makes it possible to limit the space required for the composite phase-change material 40 in the air-conditioning housing 2 and limits the disturbances to the air flow.
  • the composite phase-change material 40 may also, and advantageously, form the wall of the air-conditioning housing 2 , again for ease of manufacture and for the purposes of economy.
  • the element for cooling the air in the vehicle comprising the composite phase-change material 40 is placed in the region of the air diffuser 32 in the passenger compartment.
  • the phase-change material 40 may thus form a diffusion grating 34 at the outlet of the air diffuser 32 in the passenger compartment or may form flaps 36 for orienting and/or closing off the air flow entering the passenger compartment.
  • the composite phase-change material becomes more durable because the phase-change material that it contains remains therewithin.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
US14/899,963 2013-06-20 2014-06-16 Element For Cooling The Air Of A Motor Vehicle Abandoned US20160137020A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1355815A FR3007329B1 (fr) 2013-06-20 2013-06-20 Element destine au refroidissement de l'air d'un vehicule automobile
FR1355815 2013-06-20
PCT/EP2014/062547 WO2014202521A1 (fr) 2013-06-20 2014-06-16 Element destine au refroidissement de l'air d'un vehicule automobile

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2014/062547 A-371-Of-International WO2014202521A1 (fr) 2013-06-20 2014-06-16 Element destine au refroidissement de l'air d'un vehicule automobile

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US17/186,554 Division US11654746B2 (en) 2013-06-20 2021-03-12 Element for cooling the air of a motor vehicle

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US20160137020A1 true US20160137020A1 (en) 2016-05-19

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US14/899,963 Abandoned US20160137020A1 (en) 2013-06-20 2014-06-16 Element For Cooling The Air Of A Motor Vehicle
US17/186,554 Active 2034-09-20 US11654746B2 (en) 2013-06-20 2021-03-12 Element for cooling the air of a motor vehicle

Family Applications After (1)

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US17/186,554 Active 2034-09-20 US11654746B2 (en) 2013-06-20 2021-03-12 Element for cooling the air of a motor vehicle

Country Status (9)

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US (2) US20160137020A1 (es)
EP (1) EP3010736B1 (es)
JP (1) JP6526643B2 (es)
KR (1) KR101925191B1 (es)
CN (1) CN105517818A (es)
BR (1) BR112015031938A2 (es)
ES (1) ES2711111T3 (es)
FR (1) FR3007329B1 (es)
WO (1) WO2014202521A1 (es)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11654746B2 (en) 2013-06-20 2023-05-23 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Element for cooling the air of a motor vehicle

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US10401423B2 (en) * 2016-05-03 2019-09-03 Teradyne, Inc. Thermal control using phase-change material
CN108561992A (zh) * 2018-05-21 2018-09-21 哈尔滨商业大学 一种复合相变蓄冷介质的蓄冷器、系统及布置方法

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US4241782A (en) * 1978-11-30 1980-12-30 Schoenfelder James L Heat storage system adapted for incongruently melting heat storage materials and congruently melting heat storage materials
US7191820B2 (en) * 2001-01-26 2007-03-20 Enertron, Inc. Phase-change heat reservoir device for transient thermal management
US20070255002A1 (en) * 2004-02-18 2007-11-01 University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc Non-Covalent Bonding Agent for Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Polymer Composites
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US11654746B2 (en) 2013-06-20 2023-05-23 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Element for cooling the air of a motor vehicle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2014202521A1 (fr) 2014-12-24
BR112015031938A2 (pt) 2017-07-25
FR3007329A1 (fr) 2014-12-26
US11654746B2 (en) 2023-05-23
JP2016522120A (ja) 2016-07-28
EP3010736A1 (fr) 2016-04-27
KR20160021452A (ko) 2016-02-25
US20210188033A1 (en) 2021-06-24
FR3007329B1 (fr) 2017-04-21
JP6526643B2 (ja) 2019-06-05
CN105517818A (zh) 2016-04-20
ES2711111T3 (es) 2019-04-30
EP3010736B1 (fr) 2018-11-14
KR101925191B1 (ko) 2018-12-04

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