US20160018135A1 - Binary refrigerating apparatus - Google Patents

Binary refrigerating apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US20160018135A1
US20160018135A1 US14/868,384 US201514868384A US2016018135A1 US 20160018135 A1 US20160018135 A1 US 20160018135A1 US 201514868384 A US201514868384 A US 201514868384A US 2016018135 A1 US2016018135 A1 US 2016018135A1
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Prior art keywords
refrigerant
temperature
refrigeration circuit
low
mass
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US14/868,384
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English (en)
Inventor
Jiro Yuzawa
Takashi Toyooka
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PHC Holdings Corp
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Panasonic Healthcare Holdings Co Ltd
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Assigned to PANASONIC HEALTHCARE HOLDINGS CO., LTD. reassignment PANASONIC HEALTHCARE HOLDINGS CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: YUZAWA, JIRO, TOYOOKA, TAKASHI
Publication of US20160018135A1 publication Critical patent/US20160018135A1/en
Priority to US15/941,850 priority Critical patent/US10731898B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B7/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
    • C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
    • C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/006—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant containing more than one component
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/10—Components
    • C09K2205/106—Carbon dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/10—Components
    • C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
    • C09K2205/126—Unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/22—All components of a mixture being fluoro compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/34—The mixture being non-azeotropic

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a binary refrigerating apparatus including a refrigerant mixture.
  • the present invention more particularly relates to: a refrigerant composition that has a small global-warming potential (hereinafter, referred to as a GWP) to be earth friendly, can be used as a refrigerant capable of achieving a low temperature of ⁇ 80° C., and is excellent in refrigerating capacity and other performance; and a binary refrigerating apparatus that includes the refrigerant composition and can actually achieve low temperature.
  • a GWP small global-warming potential
  • refrigerants for refrigerators include a non-azeotropic mixture (R407D) of difluoromethane (R32)/pentafluoroethane (R125)/1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a) (15/15/70% by mass) and a non-azeotropic mixture (R404A) of pentafluoroethane (R125)/1,1,1-trifluoroethane (R143a)/1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a) (44/52/4% by mass).
  • the boiling point of R407D is about ⁇ 39° C.
  • the boiling point of R404A is about ⁇ 46° C., and these are suitable for known refrigerating apparatuses. Furthermore, even when a compressor inlet temperature is relatively high, an outlet temperature does not increase to a degree that oil sludge is caused in a compressor. However, R404A has a relatively high GWP of 3920.
  • R508A an azeotropic mixture of trifluoromethane R23 and hexafluoroethane R116
  • the boiling point of R508A is ⁇ 85.7° C., and suitable for obtaining low temperature.
  • the above-described refrigerants each have a physical property that the global-warming potential (the GWP value) is extraordinarily high.
  • This refrigerant composition is either a refrigerant composition including an azeotropic mixture (R508A, boiling point: ⁇ 85.7° C.) of 39% by weight of trifluoromethane (R23) having a rather high specific heat ratio and 61% by weight of hexafluoroethane (R116) having a rather low specific heat ratio, or a refrigerant composition including a mixture of this azeotropic mixture and n-pentane or propane that is mixed in a ratio of 14% or less with respect to a total weight of trifluoromethane and hexafluoroethane.
  • This refrigerant composition can achieve a low temperature of ⁇ 80° C.
  • Carbon dioxide (R744) has a small GWP of 1, but has a problem that oil deterioration and sludge occur due to increase in pressure and outlet temperature. Therefore, there are proposed: a refrigerant mixture in which carbohydrates such as propane, cyclopropane, isobutene, and butane are added to carbon dioxide in a ratio of about 30 to 70% of the whole; and a refrigeration cycle apparatus including the refrigerant mixture (see Patent Literature 1).
  • Patent Literature 2 a refrigerant mixture containing isobutane in a ratio of 40 to 60% and trifluoromethane (R23) as the remainder (see Patent Literature 2); a refrigerant mixture in which propane is mixed in a ratio of 65% or more to a mixture of difluoromethane and pentafluoroethane (see Patent Literature 3); and the like.
  • the above-described prior art contains carbohydrates such as propane, which are combustible, in an amount of about 30 to 70% with respect to the whole refrigerant, and thus has a risk of explosion.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a binary refrigerating apparatus employing a refrigerant composition that solves the existing problems, and that has a small GWP to be earth friendly.
  • the refrigerant composition is a refrigerant mixture that has a high COP, does not cause oil deterioration and sludge, can return an oil to a compressor using n-pentane or propane as an oil carrier, has no risk of explosion, can achieve a low temperature of ⁇ 80° C., and is excellent in refrigerating capacity and other performance.
  • a refrigerant to be filled in a low-temperature-side refrigerant circuit a mixture of a non-azeotropic mixture in which 20% by mass or less of carbon dioxide (R744) is mixed to difluoroethylene (R1132a) or a non-azeotropic mixture in which R116 is further added to achieve non-combustible composition and a predetermined amount or less of n-pentane or propane; and, as a refrigerant to be filled in a high-temperature-side refrigerant circuit, a mixture of a refrigerant mixture of R407D or an R404A alternative having a GWP of 1500 or less and a predetermined amount or less of n-pentane.
  • An invention according to claim 1 to solve the above-described problems is a binary refrigerating apparatus including a high-temperature-side refrigeration circuit and a low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit, which achieves a refrigerating capacity of ⁇ 80° C. or lower by condensing a refrigerant in the low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit with a refrigerant passing through a cascade condenser in the high-temperature-side refrigeration circuit, wherein a refrigerant composition containing difluoroethylene (R1132a) and hexafluoroethane (R116) is used as the refrigerant in the low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit, so that an evaporation temperature reaches a temperature lower than both boiling points of difluoroethylene (R1132a) and hexafluoroethane (R116).
  • An invention according to claim 2 is a binary refrigerating apparatus comprising a high-temperature-side refrigeration circuit and a low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit, which achieves a refrigerating capacity of ⁇ 80° C. or lower by condensing a refrigerant in the low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit with a refrigerant passing through a cascade condenser in the high-temperature-side refrigeration circuit, wherein a refrigerant composition containing difluoroethylene (R1132a) and more than 0% by mass and 20% by mass or less of carbon dioxide (R744) is used as the refrigerant in the low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit, so that an evaporation temperature reaches a temperature lower than both boiling points of difluoroethylene (R1132a) and carbon dioxide (R744).
  • a refrigerant composition containing difluoroethylene (R1132a) and more than 0% by mass and 20% by mass or less of carbon dioxide (R744) is used as the refrig
  • An invention according to claim 3 is the binary refrigerating apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a refrigerant composition in which carbon dioxide (R744) is further mixed is used as the refrigerant in the low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit, so that an evaporation temperature reaches a temperature lower than any boiling points of difluoroethylene (R1132a), hexafluoroethane (R116), and carbon dioxide (R744).
  • R744 carbon dioxide
  • An invention according to claim 4 is the binary refrigerating apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein hexafluoroethane (R116) is further mixed as the refrigerant in the low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit.
  • An invention according to claim 7 is the binary refrigerating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein a refrigerant composition in which n-pentane is mixed in a ratio of 14% by mass or less with respect to the total mass of the refrigerant composition in the low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit is used.
  • An invention according to claim 8 is the binary refrigerating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein a refrigerant composition in which propane (R290) is mixed in a ratio of 14% by mass or less with respect to the total mass of the refrigerant composition in the low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit is used.
  • An invention according to claim 9 is the binary refrigerating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , wherein a refrigerant composition, containing a non-azeotropic mixture comprising the refrigerant group of difluoromethane (R32), pentafluoroethane (R125), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a), and 1,1,3-trifluoroethane (R143a), and 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropentene (HFO-1234ze), and having a Global-warming potential (GWP) of 1500 or less, is used as the refrigerant in the high-temperature-side refrigeration circuit.
  • a refrigerant composition containing a non-azeotropic mixture comprising the refrigerant group of difluoromethane (R32), pentafluoroethane (R125), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a), and 1,1,3-trifluoroethane
  • An invention according to claim 10 is the binary refrigerating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , wherein a refrigerant composition, containing a non-azeotropic mixture comprising the refrigerant group of difluoromethane (R32), pentafluoroethane (R125), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a), and 1,1,3-trifluoroethane (R143a), and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropentene (HFO-1234yf), and having a Global-warming potential (GWP) of 1500 or less, is used as the refrigerant in the high-temperature-side refrigeration circuit.
  • a refrigerant composition containing a non-azeotropic mixture comprising the refrigerant group of difluoromethane (R32), pentafluoroethane (R125), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a), and 1,1,3-trifluoroethane (
  • the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is a binary refrigerating apparatus including a high-temperature-side refrigeration circuit and a low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit, which achieves a refrigerating capacity of ⁇ 80° C. or lower by condensing a refrigerant in the low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit with a refrigerant passing through a cascade condenser in the high-temperature-side refrigeration circuit, and wherein a refrigerant composition containing difluoroethylene (R1132a) and hexafluoroethane (R116) is used as the refrigerant in the low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit.
  • a refrigerant composition containing difluoroethylene (R1132a) and hexafluoroethane (R116) is used as the refrigerant in the low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit.
  • difluoroethylene (R1132a) has a small GWP of 10 and a low boiling point of ⁇ 85.7° C.
  • the refrigerant composition has a small GWP to be earth friendly, and can achieve a low temperature of ⁇ 80° C. Therefore, a significant effect in which the COP does not decrease, oil deterioration and sludge do not occur, and a risk of explosion is not caused is exerted. Also, the addition of an appropriate amount of R116 exerts a further significant effect of solving concerns on combustibility.
  • R116 has an extraordinarily high GWP value of 12200
  • the added amount of R116 is preferably configured to be a minimum for achieving non-combustion, thereby suppressing the GWP value to be low while maintaining non-combustion.
  • the invention according to claim 2 is a binary refrigerating apparatus comprising a high-temperature-side refrigeration circuit and a low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit, which achieves a refrigerating capacity of ⁇ 80° C. or lower by condensing a refrigerant in the low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit with a refrigerant passing through a cascade condenser in the high-temperature-side refrigeration circuit, wherein a refrigerant composition containing difluoroethylene (R1132a) and carbon dioxide (R744) is used as the refrigerant in the low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit.
  • a refrigerant composition containing difluoroethylene (R1132a) and carbon dioxide (R744) is used as the refrigerant in the low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit.
  • the refrigerant composition has a small GWP to be earth friendly, and can achieve a low temperature of ⁇ 80° C. Furthermore, since carbon dioxide (R744) is added, the outlet pressure and the outlet temperature are inhibited from increasing. Therefore, a further significant effect in which the COP does not decrease, oil deterioration and sludge do not occur, and a risk of explosion is not caused is exerted.
  • the non-azeotropic mixture in which 20% by mass or less of carbon dioxide (R744) is mixed to difluoroethylene (R1132a) is used as the low-temperature-side refrigerant.
  • R1132a is an A2 refrigerant (combustible refrigerant)
  • the mixture of R1132a and R744 is still an A2L refrigerant (slightly combustible refrigerant).
  • R116 can solve concerns on combustibility.
  • the invention according to claim 3 of the present invention is the binary refrigerating apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the use of a refrigerant composition in which carbon dioxide (R744) is further mixed as the refrigerant in the low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit, so that an evaporation temperature reaches a temperature lower than any boiling points of difluoroethylene (R1132a), hexafluoroethane (R116), and carbon dioxide (R744).
  • R116 can solve concerns on combustibility while the addition of an appropriate amount of carbon dioxide (R744) inhibits the outlet pressure and the outlet temperature from increasing. Therefore, a further significant effect in which the COP does not decrease, oil deterioration and sludge do not occur, and a risk of explosion is not caused is exerted.
  • the invention according to claim 4 is the binary refrigerating apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein hexafluoroethane (R116) is further mixed as the refrigerant in the low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit.
  • R116 hexafluoroethane
  • the addition of an appropriate amount of R116 can solve concerns on combustibility.
  • carbon dioxide (R744) is added, the outlet pressure and the outlet temperature are inhibited from increasing. Therefore, a further significant effect in which the COP does not decrease, oil deterioration and sludge do not occur, and a risk of explosion is not caused is exerted.
  • the added amount of hexafluoroethane (R116) is high to be non-combustible; the GWP is as small as about 8000; and a low temperature lower than ⁇ 80° C. can be achieved.
  • a further effect in which the COP does not decrease, oil deterioration and sludge do not occur, and a risk of explosion is not caused is more surely exerted.
  • the added amount of hexafluoroethane (R116) is low to be slightly combustible, the GWP is as extraordinarily small as about 3800, and a low temperature lower than ⁇ 80° C. can be achieved. Furthermore, a further effect in which the COP does not decrease, oil deterioration and sludge do not occur, and a risk of explosion is not caused is more surely exerted.
  • the invention according to claim 7 is the binary refrigerating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein a refrigerant composition, in which n-pentane is mixed in a ratio of 14% by mass or less with respect to the total mass of the refrigerant composition in the low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit, is used.
  • a refrigerant composition in which n-pentane is mixed in a ratio of 14% by mass or less with respect to the total mass of the non-azeotropic mixture
  • n-pentane effectively acts as an oil carrier even within an extremely low temperature range, and thus plays a role of clearing clogging due to oil.
  • the added amount of n-pentane is as small as 14% by mass or less, a further effect in which a risk of explosion is not caused is exerted.
  • the invention according to claim 8 is the binary refrigerating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein a refrigerant composition, in which propane (R290) is mixed in a ratio of 14% by mass or less with respect to the total mass of the refrigerant composition in the low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit, is used.
  • propane When propane is mixed in a ratio of 14% by mass or less with respect to the total mass of the refrigerant composition, propane also acts as an oil carrier in a similar manner to the above-described n-pentane. Furthermore, since the added amount of propane is as small as 14% by mass or less, a further effect in which a risk of explosion is not caused is exerted.
  • the invention according to claim 9 is the binary refrigerating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , wherein a refrigerant composition containing a non-azeotropic mixture comprising the refrigerant group of difluoromethane (R32), pentafluoroethane (R125), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a) and 1,1,3-trifluoroethane (R143a), and 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropentene (HFO-1234ze), and having a Global-warming potential (GWP) of 1500 or less, is used as a refrigerant in the high-temperature-side refrigeration circuit.
  • a refrigerant composition containing a non-azeotropic mixture comprising the refrigerant group of difluoromethane (R32), pentafluoroethane (R125), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a) and 1,1,3-trifluoroethane
  • the binary refrigerating apparatus exerts a further significant effect in which the GWP is as small as 1500 or less to be earth friendly, the outlet pressure and the outlet temperature are inhibited from increasing, the COP does not decrease, oil deterioration and sludge do not occur, and a risk of explosion is not caused.
  • the invention according to claim 10 is the binary refrigerating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , wherein a refrigerant composition containing a non-azeotropic mixture comprising the refrigerant group of difluoromethane (R32), pentafluoroethane (R125), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a) and 1,1,3-trifluoroethane (R143a), and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropentene (HFO-1234yf), and having a Global-warming potential (GWP) of 1500 or less, is used as the refrigerant in the high-temperature-side refrigeration circuit.
  • GWP Global-warming potential
  • the binary refrigerating apparatus exerts a further significant effect in which even the use of HFO-1234yf instead of HFO-1234ze can have the same operation and effect as those in the refrigerant composition including HFO-1234ze.
  • FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a binary refrigerating apparatus in which refrigerant compositions of the present invention are filled.
  • FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a binary refrigerating apparatus in which refrigerant compositions of the present invention are filled. “S 1 ” indicates a high-temperature-side refrigerant cycle, and “S 2 ” indicates a low-temperature-side refrigerant cycle.
  • An outlet-side pipe 2 of a compressor 1 constituting the high-temperature-side refrigerant cycle S 1 is connected to an auxiliary condenser 3 .
  • the auxiliary condenser 3 is connected to a cascade condenser 11 via an oil cooler 4 of the compressor 1 , an auxiliary condenser 5 , an oil cooler 7 of a compressor 6 constituting the low-temperature-side refrigerant cycle S 2 , a condenser 8 , a dryer 9 , and a capillary tube 10 , and is connected to the compressor 1 via a liquid receiver 12 through an inlet-side pipe 13 .
  • Numeral “ 14 ” is a cooling fan for the condensers 3 , 5 and 8 .
  • An outlet-side pipe 15 of the compressor 6 in the low-temperature-side refrigerant cycle S 2 is connected to an oil separator 16 , and a compressor oil separated in the oil separator 16 is returned to the compressor 6 through a return pipe 17 .
  • a refrigerant flows into a pipe 18 and exchanges heat with an inlet-side heat exchanger 19 , and thereafter passes through a pipe 20 within the cascade condenser 11 to condense. Then, the refrigerant flows into an evaporator 24 from an entrance pipe 23 via a dryer 21 and a capillary tube 22 , and exits through an exit pipe 25 and returns to the compressor 6 from an inlet-side pipe 26 of the compressor 6 via the inlet-side heat exchanger 19 .
  • Numeral “ 27 ” is an expansion tank connected to the inlet-side pipe 26 via a capillary tube 28 .
  • HFC refrigerant mixture (GWP value: 1500 or less) containing 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropentene (HFO-1234ze) is filled in the high-temperature-side refrigerant cycle S 1 .
  • This refrigerant mixture having a boiling point at atmospheric pressure of about ⁇ 40° C., condenses in the condensers 3 , 5 and 8 , and decompressed in the capillary tube 10 .
  • the decompressed refrigerant mixture flows in the cascade condenser 11 to evaporate.
  • the cascade condenser 11 becomes about ⁇ 36° C.
  • n-pentane is mixed in a ratio of 14% by mass or less with respect to the total mass of the non-azeotropic mixture.
  • the refrigerant and oil are separated into a gas phase and a liquid phase through a filter. A large portion of the oil is in a liquid phase, and thus can return to the compressor 6 through the return pipe 17 .
  • the refrigerant and oil in a gas phase pass through the pipe 18 and exchange heat with the inlet-side heat exchanger 19 , and furthermore, are cooled in the cascade condenser 11 due to evaporation of the refrigerant within the high-temperature-side refrigerant cycle S 1 to condense. Thereafter, the refrigerant and oil are decompressed in the capillary tube 22 , and flow into the evaporator 24 to evaporate.
  • This evaporator 24 is disposed on a wall of a freezer, which is not shown, in a heat exchange relationship for cooling the inside of the freezer. Here, the evaporation temperature in the evaporator 24 reaches about ⁇ 90° C.
  • a non-azeotropic mixture in which 20% by mass or less of carbon dioxide (R744) is mixed to difluoroethylene (R1132a), which is a refrigerant composition to be filled in the low-temperature-side refrigerant cycle S 2 , has an evaporation temperature of about ⁇ 90° C. Therefore, this non-azeotropic mixture can sufficiently exert refrigerating capacity as an alternative refrigerant to R508A.
  • n-pentane has a high boiling point of +36.07° C., but has good compatibility with a compressor oil. Accordingly, when n-pentane is mixed in a range of 14% by mass or less, the oil can be returned to a compressor in a state of blending in n-pentane. This can prevent a harmful effect such as locking due to oil loss in a compressor.
  • the oil can be returned to the compressor 6 without necessity of thoroughly separating the oil in the oil separator 16 .
  • n-pentane since n-pentane has a high boiling point, addition of n-pentane in an extremely large amount increases an evaporation temperature thereby failing to obtain an intended low temperature.
  • n-pentane is added in a ratio of 14% by mass or less, the evaporation temperature does not increase, and n-pentane enables the oil to return to a compressor while being maintained in a non-combustible range.
  • the binary refrigerating apparatus of the present example oil return improves, hazards such as explosion are not caused, and a low temperature of about ⁇ 90° C. can be achieved in an evaporator.
  • the binary refrigerating apparatus can be practically realized as a medial freezer such as a blood cooler without using regulated refrigerants.
  • n-pentane is commercially available and can be easily obtained when used in freezers or the like, and is therefore practical.
  • propane has an advantage in that it can enhance sealing workability and serviceability in a gas state.
  • propane when propane is contained in an amount of 14% by weight or less, propane can be maintained in a non-combustible range. This eliminates concerns such as explosion.
  • a binary refrigerating apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1 was stably and continuously operated at an outside air temperature of ⁇ 10° C. for a long time. Thereafter, a cycle S 1 and a cycle S 2 were measured for temperatures at the points described below.
  • a refrigerant composition (GWP value: 1500 or less, boiling point: about ⁇ 40° C. at atmospheric pressure) containing a non-azeotropic mixture comprising the refrigerant group of difluoromethane (R32), pentafluoroethane (R125), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a) and 1,1,3-trifluoroethane (R143a), and 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropentene (HFO-1234ze), was filled.
  • GWP value 1500 or less, boiling point: about ⁇ 40° C. at atmospheric pressure
  • This refrigerant mixture condensed in each of condensers 3 , 5 and 8 was decompressed in a capillary tube 10 , and flowed into a cascade condenser 11 to evaporate.
  • the temperature at an exit of the cascade condenser 11 was ⁇ 54.9° C.
  • the temperature of an outlet-side pipe 15 at a refrigerant exit of the compressor 6 in the low-temperature-side refrigerant cycle S 2 was 45.4° C.; the temperature of an inlet-side pipe 26 at a refrigerant inlet to the compressor 6 was ⁇ 15.8° C.; the temperature of an entrance pipe 23 to an evaporator 24 was ⁇ 97.2° C.; the temperature of an exit pipe 25 from the evaporator 24 was ⁇ 90.3° C.; and the temperature inside a freezer (not shown) was ⁇ 95.3° C.
  • the temperature at an exit of the cascade condenser 11 was ⁇ 35.9° C.
  • the temperature of the outlet-side pipe 15 at the refrigerant exit of the compressor 6 in the low-temperature-side refrigerant cycle S 2 was 79.0° C.; the temperature of the inlet-side pipe 26 at the refrigerant inlet to the compressor 6 was 7.6° C.; the temperature of the entrance pipe 23 to the evaporator 24 was ⁇ 90.2° C.; the temperature of the exit pipe 25 from the evaporator 24 was ⁇ 81.8° C.; and the temperature inside the freezer (not shown) was ⁇ 87.6° C.
  • the binary refrigerating apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1 was stably and continuously operated at an outside air temperature of ⁇ 0.4° C. for a long time. Thereafter, the cycle S 1 and the cycle S 2 were measured for temperatures at the points described above.
  • a refrigerant composition (GWP value: 1500 or less, boiling point: about ⁇ 40° C. at atmospheric pressure) containing a non-azeotropic mixture comprising the refrigerant group of difluoromethane (R32), pentafluoroethane (R125), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a) and 1,1,3-trifluoroethane (R143a), and 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropentene (HFO-1234ze), was filled.
  • GWP value 1500 or less, boiling point: about ⁇ 40° C. at atmospheric pressure
  • This refrigerant mixture condensed in each of the condensers 3 , 5 and 8 was decompressed in the capillary tube 10 , and flowed into the cascade condenser 11 to evaporate.
  • the temperature at the exit of the cascade condenser 11 was ⁇ 53.1° C.
  • the temperature of the outlet-side pipe 15 at the refrigerant exit of the compressor 6 in the low-temperature-side refrigerant cycle S 2 was 46.4° C.; the temperature of the inlet-side pipe 26 at the refrigerant inlet to the compressor 6 was ⁇ 14.6° C.; the temperature of the entrance pipe 23 to the evaporator 24 was ⁇ 90.0° C.; the temperature of the exit pipe 25 from the evaporator 24 was ⁇ 83.5° C.; and the temperature inside the freezer (not shown) was ⁇ 95.5° C.
  • the temperature at the exit of the cascade condenser 11 was ⁇ 36.4° C.
  • the temperature of the outlet-side pipe 15 at the refrigerant exit of the compressor 6 in the low-temperature-side refrigerant cycle S 2 was 79.0° C.; the temperature of the inlet-side pipe 26 at the refrigerant inlet to the compressor 6 was 7.2° C.; the temperature of the entrance pipe 23 to the evaporator 24 was ⁇ 90.6° C.; the temperature of the exit pipe 25 from the evaporator 24 was ⁇ 90.5° C.; and the temperature inside the freezer (not shown) was ⁇ 89.9° C.
  • the binary refrigerating apparatus includes a high-temperature-side refrigeration circuit and a low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit, wherein a refrigerant in the low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit is condensed by a refrigerant passing through a cascade condenser in the high-temperature-side refrigeration circuit.
  • a refrigerant in the low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit a refrigerant composition containing difluoroethylene (R1132a) is used.
  • the refrigerant composition Since difluoroethylene (R1132a) has a mall GWP of 10 and a low boiling point of ⁇ 85.7° C., the refrigerant composition has a small GWP to be earth friendly, and can achieve a low temperature of ⁇ 80° C.
  • the binary refrigerating apparatus according to the present invention exerts a significant effect in which the COP does not decrease, oil deterioration and sludge do not occur, and a risk of explosion is not caused.
  • a refrigerant composition in which 20% by mass or less of carbon dioxide (R744) is mixed to difluoroethylene (R1132a) is used.
  • carbon dioxide (R744) since carbon dioxide (R744) has a GWP of 1, the refrigerant composition has a small GWP to be earth friendly, and can achieve a low temperature of ⁇ 80° C.
  • the added amount of carbon dioxide (R744) is 20% by mass or less, the outlet pressure and the outlet temperature are inhibited from increasing. Therefore, a further significant effect in which the COP does not decrease, oil deterioration and sludge do not occur, and a risk of explosion is not caused is exerted.
  • R116 for the purpose of obtaining a non-combustible refrigerant mixture as the low-temperature-side refrigerant increases the GWP, a further significant effect in which an advantage of becoming non-combustible is significantly expressed is exerted.
  • the binary refrigerating apparatus exerts a significant effect in which it has a smaller GWP than R508A as a known refrigerant to be earth friendly; the COP is high; oil deterioration and sludge do not occur; n-pentane or propane is used in a small amount as an oil carrier and thus can return an oil which cannot be separated in an oil separator to a compressor; a risk of explosion is not caused; a low temperature of ⁇ 80° C. can be achieved; and excellent performance is exerted in terms of refrigerating capacity and other performance. Therefore, the binary refrigerating apparatus is highly industrially applicable.

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US9835365B2 (en) 2013-07-30 2017-12-05 Mexichem Fluor S.A. De C.V. Compositions comprising 1,1-difluoroethene (R-1132A)
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US11175080B2 (en) 2016-10-28 2021-11-16 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Refrigeration cycle apparatus having heat exchanger switchable between parallel and series connection
US11584875B2 (en) * 2017-09-08 2023-02-21 Weiss Technik Gmbh Coolant
US11549695B2 (en) 2017-12-18 2023-01-10 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Heat exchange unit
US11365335B2 (en) 2017-12-18 2022-06-21 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Composition comprising refrigerant, use thereof, refrigerating machine having same, and method for operating said refrigerating machine
US11435118B2 (en) 2017-12-18 2022-09-06 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Heat source unit and refrigeration cycle apparatus
US11441802B2 (en) 2017-12-18 2022-09-13 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Air conditioning apparatus
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US11506425B2 (en) 2017-12-18 2022-11-22 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Refrigeration cycle apparatus
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US11549041B2 (en) 2017-12-18 2023-01-10 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Composition containing refrigerant, use of said composition, refrigerator having said composition, and method for operating said refrigerator
US11306234B2 (en) 2018-04-19 2022-04-19 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Composition containing refrigerant and application thereof
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US11566820B2 (en) 2018-11-07 2023-01-31 Shinwa Controls Co., Ltd. Fluid temperature control system
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US11067315B2 (en) 2018-11-07 2021-07-20 Shinwa Controls Co., Ltd Temperature control system
US10928103B2 (en) * 2018-11-07 2021-02-23 Shinwa Controls Co., Ltd. Fluid temperature control system and refrigeration apparatus
TWI747061B (zh) * 2018-11-07 2021-11-21 日商伸和控制工業股份有限公司 流體溫度調節系統及冷凍裝置
EP3910043A1 (fr) * 2020-05-14 2021-11-17 WEISS UMWELTTECHNIK GmbH Réfrigérant
US11891560B2 (en) 2020-05-14 2024-02-06 Weiss Technik Gmbh Refrigerant

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CN105102905B (zh) 2017-05-10
WO2014156190A1 (fr) 2014-10-02
US10731898B2 (en) 2020-08-04
EP2980508B1 (fr) 2018-01-17
EP2980508A4 (fr) 2016-05-25
JP5927339B2 (ja) 2016-06-01
US20180224166A1 (en) 2018-08-09

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