US20160010024A1 - Lubricating compositions for transmissions - Google Patents
Lubricating compositions for transmissions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20160010024A1 US20160010024A1 US14/377,668 US201314377668A US2016010024A1 US 20160010024 A1 US20160010024 A1 US 20160010024A1 US 201314377668 A US201314377668 A US 201314377668A US 2016010024 A1 US2016010024 A1 US 2016010024A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- hydrocarbon
- group
- carbon atoms
- lubricating composition
- represent independently
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 171
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- DKVNPHBNOWQYFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamodithioic acid Chemical group NC(S)=S DKVNPHBNOWQYFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical group OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 140
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 140
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 127
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 114
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- -1 alkyl hydrocarbon Chemical class 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000012990 dithiocarbamate Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- DCYNAHFAQKMWDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;carbamodithioic acid Chemical compound N.NC(S)=S DCYNAHFAQKMWDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000468 ketone group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- CJSZLPWCFGHOPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N triazanium dioxido-sulfanylidene-sulfido-lambda5-phosphane Chemical class P([O-])([O-])(=S)[S-].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+] CJSZLPWCFGHOPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 0 [10*][NH+]([11*])[12*].[8*]N([9*])C(=S)[S-] Chemical compound [10*][NH+]([11*])[12*].[8*]N([9*])C(=S)[S-] 0.000 description 50
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 28
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical group N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 17
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 14
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 12
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 10
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphite Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 6
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical class O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 5
- JACMPVXHEARCBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentylpentan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCNCCCCC JACMPVXHEARCBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- JGSUMMPGKPITGK-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;n,n-dipentylcarbamodithioate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCN(C([S-])=S)CCCCC.CCCCCN(C([S-])=S)CCCCC JGSUMMPGKPITGK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 101100407037 Oryza sativa subsp. japonica PAO6 gene Proteins 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JWHFYIKVRLMUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipentylcarbamodithioic acid Chemical compound CCCCCN(C(S)=S)CCCCC JWHFYIKVRLMUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000004659 dithiocarbamates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XMQYIPNJVLNWOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl hydrogen phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOP(O)OCCCCCCCC XMQYIPNJVLNWOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GEPDYQSQVLXLEU-AATRIKPKSA-N methyl (e)-3-dimethoxyphosphoryloxybut-2-enoate Chemical compound COC(=O)\C=C(/C)OP(=O)(OC)OC GEPDYQSQVLXLEU-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005069 Extreme pressure additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNNGZCVDIREDDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminocarbamodithioic acid Chemical compound NNC(S)=S YNNGZCVDIREDDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007866 anti-wear additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVXOPEOQUQWRHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCOP([O-])OCCCC BVXOPEOQUQWRHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UUCRJFKIBDDFJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipentylazanium;n,n-dipentylcarbamodithioate Chemical compound CCCCC[NH2+]CCCCC.CCCCCN(C([S-])=S)CCCCC UUCRJFKIBDDFJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940113120 dipropylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- PMWHATAFABINDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 3-di(propan-2-yloxy)phosphinothioylsulfanylpropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCSP(=S)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C PMWHATAFABINDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920005652 polyisobutylene succinic anhydride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thallium Chemical compound [Tl] BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- MBBWTVUFIXOUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;dicarbamodithioate Chemical compound [Zn+2].NC([S-])=S.NC([S-])=S MBBWTVUFIXOUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ORMDVQRBTFCOGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-hydroperoxy-4-methylpentan-2-yl)benzene Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(OO)C1=CC=CC=C1 ORMDVQRBTFCOGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SPSPIUSUWPLVKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dibutyl-6-methylphenol Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=C(C)C(O)=C1CCCC SPSPIUSUWPLVKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-D Chemical compound OC(=O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ADRNSOYXKABLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-methylnonyl diphenyl phosphite Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OCCCCCCCC(C)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ADRNSOYXKABLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JGSUMMPGKPITGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCN(CCCCC)C(=S)S.CCCCCN(CCCCC)C(=S)S.[Zn+2] Chemical compound CCCCCN(CCCCC)C(=S)S.CCCCCN(CCCCC)C(=S)S.[Zn+2] JGSUMMPGKPITGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, phosphite (3:1) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC(=CC=1)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1C(C)(C)C JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GLOYGJPNNKTDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N SC=1N=NSC=1S Chemical class SC=1N=NSC=1S GLOYGJPNNKTDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYRMLECORMNZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-B [Mo+4].[Mo+4].[Mo+4].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S Chemical compound [Mo+4].[Mo+4].[Mo+4].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S XYRMLECORMNZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003042 antagnostic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SGQLUUBYYBASTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanium butoxy-butylsulfanyl-oxido-sulfanylidene-lambda5-phosphane Chemical class [NH4+].CCCCOP([O-])(=S)SCCCC SGQLUUBYYBASTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNGGCNUUKRUGCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanium;ethoxy-ethylsulfanyl-oxido-sulfanylidene-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical class [NH4+].CCOP([O-])(=S)SCC RNGGCNUUKRUGCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATBPGPNOOVIFLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanium;methoxy-methylsulfanyl-oxido-sulfanylidene-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical class [NH4+].COP([O-])(=S)SC ATBPGPNOOVIFLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- SXXILWLQSQDLDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(8-methylnonyl) phenyl phosphite Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCC(C)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1 SXXILWLQSQDLDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005829 chemical entities Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013626 chemical specie Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- SZRLKIKBPASKQH-UHFFFAOYSA-M dibutyldithiocarbamate Chemical compound CCCCN(C([S-])=S)CCCC SZRLKIKBPASKQH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LXCYSACZTOKNNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethoxy(oxo)phosphanium Chemical compound CCO[P+](=O)OCC LXCYSACZTOKNNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFUSKHPBJXJFRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihexyl hydrogen phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCOP(O)OCCCCCC XFUSKHPBJXJFRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJIPHXXDPROMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydroxyphosphanyl dihydrogen phosphite Chemical class OP(O)OP(O)O ZJIPHXXDPROMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZHYKKAKFWLGJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl phosphite Chemical compound COP([O-])OC CZHYKKAKFWLGJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KUMNEOGIHFCNQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl phosphite Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP([O-])OC1=CC=CC=C1 KUMNEOGIHFCNQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFORZJQPTUSMRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropan-2-yl hydrogen phosphite Chemical compound CC(C)OP(O)OC(C)C NFORZJQPTUSMRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- KHYKFSXXGRUKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-J molybdenum(4+) tetracarbamodithioate Chemical compound C(N)([S-])=S.[Mo+4].C(N)([S-])=S.C(N)([S-])=S.C(N)([S-])=S KHYKFSXXGRUKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-decene Natural products CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LXBBVNPKDAKIRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-3-yl diphenyl phosphite Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC(CC)CCCCC)OC1=CC=CC=C1 LXBBVNPKDAKIRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RQKYHDHLEMEVDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo-bis(phenylmethoxy)phosphanium Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CO[P+](=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 RQKYHDHLEMEVDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008301 phosphite esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- KKFOMYPMTJLQGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tribenzyl phosphite Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1COP(OCC=1C=CC=CC=1)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 KKFOMYPMTJLQGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTTGYFREQJCEML-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCOP(OCCCC)OCCCC XTTGYFREQJCEML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IVIIAEVMQHEPAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridodecyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCCCC IVIIAEVMQHEPAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphite Chemical compound CCOP(OCC)OCC BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYTQBVOFDCPGCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphite Chemical compound COP(OC)OC CYTQBVOFDCPGCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJHCUXCOGGKFAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropan-2-yl phosphite Chemical compound CC(C)OP(OC(C)C)OC(C)C SJHCUXCOGGKFAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGKLOLBTFWFKOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-nonylphenyl) phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)CCCCCCCCC)OC1=CC=CC=C1CCCCCCCCC WGKLOLBTFWFKOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEDNBHNWMHJNAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(8-methylnonyl) phosphite Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCC(C)C)OCCCCCCCC(C)C QEDNBHNWMHJNAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PEXOFOFLXOCMDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tritridecyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCCCCC PEXOFOFLXOCMDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H trizinc;dioxido-sulfanylidene-sulfido-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BOXSVZNGTQTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCN(C([S-])=S)CCCC.CCCCN(C([S-])=S)CCCC BOXSVZNGTQTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M141/10—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic phosphorus-containing compound
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
- C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/24—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
- C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
- C10M2219/062—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having carbon-to-sulfur double bonds
- C10M2219/066—Thiocarbamic type compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
- C10M2219/062—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having carbon-to-sulfur double bonds
- C10M2219/066—Thiocarbamic type compounds
- C10M2219/068—Thiocarbamate metal salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/047—Thioderivatives not containing metallic elements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/049—Phosphite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/14—Group 7
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/16—Groups 8, 9, or 10
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/04—Detergent property or dispersant property
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/08—Resistance to extreme temperature
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/54—Fuel economy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
- C10N2040/042—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for automatic transmissions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
- C10N2040/044—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for manual transmissions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to lubricating compositions for transmissions, in particular for manual gearboxes, axles or double clutch transmissions.
- the lubricating compositions according to the invention simultaneously exhibit, in particular, good extreme-pressure and anti-wear properties and a low coefficient of friction.
- additives such as the diphosphites, which can be both friction modifiers and anti-wear components, react with the sulphur used as extreme-pressure agent to form, for example, thiophosphonic derivatives the properties of which are markedly different from those of the original molecules.
- extreme-pressure components react with the anti-wear additives or the friction modifiers in order to produce novel chemical entities.
- These reactions are not controlled, nor are the precise properties of the final product monitored over time. Interactions can occur between the different extreme-pressure/anti-wear/friction modifier additives and lead to antagonistic effects on the final properties of the compositions containing additives.
- the Applicant company has developed a novel lubricating composition comprising at least four essential additives in order to simultaneously obtain good extreme-pressure, anti-wear, friction and anti-seizing properties.
- This specific combination of additives is based on the presence of at least one compound comprising a metal dithiocarbamate group, at least one compound comprising an amine dithiocarbamate group, at least one compound comprising a phosphite group and at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group.
- the lubricating composition according to the invention comprising at least one compound comprising a metal dithiocarbamate group, at least one compound comprising an amine dithiocarbamate group, at least one compound comprising a phosphite group and at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group, simultaneously have good wear, extreme-pressure, friction and anti-seizing properties. Moreover, this lubricating composition also has good properties in terms of oxidation and corrosion.
- the invention relates to a lubricating composition
- a lubricating composition comprising at least one base oil, at least one compound comprising a dithiocarbamate group, at least one compound comprising a phosphite group and at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group, the compound comprising a dithiocarbamate group being a mixture of:
- composition according to the invention can also comprise another compound comprising at least one dithiocarbamate group.
- this other compound comprising a dithiocarbamate group is selected from the group constituted by the bisdithiocarbamates, ammonium dithiocarbamates and dithiocarbamate esters, used alone or in a mixture.
- the bisdithiocarbamate has formula (I-a), in which R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, R 5 represents a hydrocarbon-containing group from 1 to 8 carbon atoms:
- ammonium dithiocarbamate has formula (I-b), in which R 6 and R 7 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms:
- the dithiocarbamate ester has formula (I-d), in which R 13 and R 14 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, R 15 and R 16 represent independently of each other a hydrocarbon-containing group from 1 to 18 carbon atoms:
- the lubricating composition comprises from 0.1 to 5% by mass of compounds comprising a dithiocarbamate group, relative to the total mass of lubricating composition, preferably from 0.2 to 4%, more preferentially from 0.3 to 2%, even more preferentially from 0.5 to 1%.
- the lubricating composition comprises from 0.1 to 3% by mass of the mixture of compounds corresponding to formulae (I-c) and (I-e), preferably from 0.1 to 2% by mass, advantageously from 0.5 to 2% by mass.
- the compound comprising a phosphite group is selected from the phosphite monoesters, phosphite diesters or phosphite triesters, used alone or in a mixture.
- the phosphite monoester has general formula (II-a) in its alcohol and/or ketone form, in which R 19 represents a hydrocarbon-containing group, optionally substituted, of 1 to 30 carbon atoms:
- the phosphite diester has general formula (II-b) in its alcohol and/or ketone form, in which R 20 and R 21 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, of 1 to 30 carbon atoms:
- the phosphite triester has general formula (II-c) in which R 22 , R 23 and R 24 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms:
- the lubricating composition comprises from 0.1 to 5% by mass of compound comprising a phosphite group, relative to the total mass of lubricating composition, preferably from 0.2 to 4%, more preferentially from 0.3 to 2%, even more preferentially from 0.5 to 1%.
- the compound comprising a dithiophosphate group is selected from the group constituted by the ammonium dithiophosphates, amine dithiophosphates, dithiophosphate esters and metal dithiophosphates, used alone or in a mixture.
- ammonium dithiophosphate has general formula (III-a), in which R 25 and R 26 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms:
- the amine dithiophosphate has general formula (III-b), in which R 27 and R 28 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, R 29 , R 30 and R 31 represent independently of each other a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon-containing group from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, it being understood that at least one of the R 29 , R 30 and R 31 groups is not a hydrogen atom:
- the dithiophosphate ester has general formula (III-c), in which R 33 and R 34 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, R 35 and R 36 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups comprising from 1 to 18 carbon atoms:
- the metal dithiophosphate has general formula (III-d), in which R 37 and R 38 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, M represents a metal cation and n is the valency of this metal cation:
- the lubricating composition comprises from 0.1 to 5% by mass of compound comprising a dithiophosphate group, relative to the total mass of lubricating composition, preferably from 0.2 to 4%, more preferentially from 0.3 to 2%, even more preferentially from 0.5 to 1%.
- the lubricating composition also comprises an antioxidant selected from the group formed by the aromatic amines or phenol derivatives. By phenol derivatives within the meaning of the present invention, is meant any compound comprising at least one phenol or phenoxy group.
- the lubricating composition also comprises a dispersant derived from polyisobutene.
- the lubricating composition also comprises a polymethacrylate-type polymer.
- the lubricating composition has a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. according to the standard ASTM D445 comprised between 4 and 40 cSt, preferably between 4.1 and 32.5 cSt, preferably between 6 and 18.5 cSt.
- the invention also relates to the use of a lubricating composition as defined above for lubricating transmissions such as gearboxes, axles, preferably the manual gearboxes of motor vehicles.
- a lubricating composition as defined above for lubricating transmissions such as gearboxes, axles, preferably the manual gearboxes of motor vehicles.
- the lubricating composition is used in order to reduce the fuel consumption of vehicles, in particular motor vehicles.
- the invention also relates to the use of at least one compound comprising a dithiocarbamate group, at least one compound comprising a phosphite group and at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group in a base oil for improving the wear, extreme-pressure, friction and anti-seizing properties of a lubricating composition, the compound comprising a dithiocarbamate group being a mixture of:
- R 17 and R 18 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms
- M represents a metal cation
- n is the valency of this metal cation.
- the lubricating composition essentially consists of at least one base oil, at least one compound comprising a dithiocarbamate group, at least one compound comprising a phosphite group and at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group, the compound comprising a dithiocarbamate group being a mixture of:
- R 17 and R 18 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms
- M represents a metal cation
- n is the valency of this metal cation.
- the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises at least one compound comprising a metal dithiocarbamate group and at least one compound comprising an amine dithiocarbamate group.
- the compound comprising a metal dithiocarbamate group is called “metal dithiocarbamate” and the compound comprising an amine dithiocarbamate is called “amine dithiocarbamate” in the remainder of the present description.
- the metal dithiocarbamate is a metal dithiocarbamate of general formula (I-e), in which R 17 and R 18 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, M represents a metal cation and n is the valency of this metal cation:
- the metal is selected from the group constituted by zinc, aluminium, copper, iron, mercury, silver, cadmium, tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, thallium, chromium, molybdenum, cobalt, nickel, tungsten, sodium, calcium, magnesium, manganese and arsenic.
- the preferred metals are zinc, molybdenum and antimony, preferably zinc and molybdenum, preferably zinc. Mixtures of metals can be used.
- the metal dithiocarbamates are neutral as represented in formula (I-e) or basic when a stoichiometric excess of metal is present.
- R 17 and R 18 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 17 and R 18 represent independently of each other unsubstituted hydrocarbon-containing groups, said hydrocarbon-containing groups being able to be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl groups, comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 5 to 12 carbon atoms, phenyl or benzyl.
- R 17 and R 18 represent independently of each other linear or branched alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups, more preferentially linear alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups, comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 17 and R 18 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups optionally substituted with one or more heteroatoms such as the oxygen atom, nitrogen atom, sulphur atom, phosphorus atom, preferably with one or more oxygen atoms.
- the metal dithiocarbamates that can be used are compounds well known to a person skilled in the art.
- One of the processes for preparing these compounds is described in the U.S. Pat. No. 2,492,314.
- Suppliers of such additives are for example Vanderbilt, Rhein Chemie, Adeka, King Industries.
- Vanlube® AZ Vanlube® EZ
- Vanlube® 73 Vanlube® 73 Super Plus
- Molyvan® A Molyvan® 807, Molyvan® 822
- Additin® RC 6301 Additin® RC 6320
- Sakura-Lube® 200 Sakura-Lube® 165
- Sakura-Lube® 525 Sakura-Lube® 600, Na-Lube® ADTC.
- the metal dithiocarbamate is a molybdenum dithiocarbamate of formula (I-e-1), in which R 17 and R 18 have the same meaning as in formula (I-e):
- the metal dithiocarbamate is a zinc dithiocarbamate of formula (I-e-2), in which R 17 and R 18 have the same meaning as in formula (I-e):
- Particularly preferred compounds corresponding to formula (I-e-2) are such that R 17 and R 18 represent independently of each other linear alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups comprising from 5 to 12 carbon atoms and are for example, zinc diamyldithiocarbamate and zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate.
- the amine dithiocarbamate is an amine dithiocarbamate of general formula (I-c), in which R 8 and R 9 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, R 10 , R 11 and R 12 represent independently of each other a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon-containing group from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, it being understood that at least one of the R 10 , R 11 and R 12 groups is not a hydrogen atom:
- R 8 and R 9 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 8 and R 9 represent independently of each other unsubstituted hydrocarbon-containing groups, said hydrocarbon-containing groups being able to be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl groups comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 5 to 12 carbon atoms, phenyl or benzyl.
- R 8 and R 9 represent independently of each other linear or branched alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups, more preferentially linear alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 8 and R 9 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups optionally substituted with one or more heteroatoms such as the oxygen atom, nitrogen atom, sulphur atom, phosphorus atom, preferably with one or more oxygen atoms.
- R 10 , R 11 and R 12 represent independently of each other a hydrocarbon-containing group from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
- Particularly preferred compounds are diamyl amine diamyldithiocarbamate and diamyl amine dibutyldithiocarbamate. Commercial compounds are for example Vanlube® EZ.
- the dithiocarbamate is a mixture of the dithiocarbamates of formulae (I-c) and (I-e-2) described above.
- the dithiocarbamate is a mixture of zinc dithiocarbamate and diamyl ammonium diamyldithiocarbamate.
- the composition according to the invention can also comprise another compound comprising a dithiocarbamate group.
- this other dithiocarbamate compound is a bisdithiocarbamate of general formula (I-a), in which R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, R 5 represents a hydrocarbon-containing group from 1 to 8 carbon atoms:
- R 1 , R R 3 and R 4 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 represent independently of each other unsubstituted hydrocarbon-containing groups, said hydrocarbon-containing groups being able to be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, phenyl or benzyl groups.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, linear or branched alkyl groups, more preferentially linear alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups optionally substituted with oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and/or phosphorus atoms, preferably oxygen atoms.
- R 5 represents a hydrocarbon-containing group of 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
- Commercial compounds are for example Vanlube® 7723 or Additin® RC 6340.
- this other dithiocarbamate compound is an ammonium dithiocarbamate of general formula (I-b), in which R 6 and R 7 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms:
- R 6 and R 7 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 6 and R 7 represent independently of each other unsubstituted hydrocarbon-containing groups, said hydrocarbon-containing groups being able to be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, phenyl or benzyl groups.
- R 6 and R 7 represent independently of each other linear or branched alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups, more preferentially linear alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups.
- R 6 and R 7 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups optionally substituted with oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and/or phosphorus atoms, preferably with oxygen atoms.
- this other dithiocarbamate compound is a dithiocarbamate ester of general formula (I-d), in which R 13 and R 14 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, R 15 and R 16 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups comprising from 1 to 18 carbon atoms:
- R 13 and R 14 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 13 and R 14 represent independently of each other unsubstituted hydrocarbon-containing groups, said hydrocarbon-containing groups being able to be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, phenyl or benzyl groups.
- R 13 and R 14 represent independently of each other linear or branched alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups, more preferentially linear alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups.
- R 13 and R 14 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups optionally substituted with oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and/or phosphorus atoms, preferably with oxygen atoms.
- R 15 and R 16 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups of 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises at least one compound comprising a phosphite group.
- the compound comprising a phosphite group is called “phosphite” in the remainder of the present description.
- phosphite is meant a phosphite ester, which may be a phosphite monoester, a phosphite diester or a phosphite triester, used alone or in a mixture.
- the phosphite monoesters are found in two forms in equilibrium, a “ketone” form and an “alcohol” form. The same is true of the phosphite diesters.
- a useable phosphite can be a phosphite monoester of general formula (III-a) in its alcohol and/or ketone form, in which R 19 represents a hydrocarbon-containing group, optionally substituted, of 1 to 30 carbon atoms:
- R 19 represents a hydrocarbon-containing group, optionally substituted, comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 4 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 6 to 16 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 8 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 19 represents an unsubstituted hydrocarbon-containing group, said hydrocarbon-containing group being able to be an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, phenyl or benzyl group.
- R 19 represents a linear or branched alkyl hydrocarbon-containing group, more preferentially a linear alkyl hydrocarbon-containing group.
- R 19 represents a hydrocarbon-containing group substituted with oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and/or phosphorus atoms, preferably oxygen atoms.
- phosphite monoesters alkyl (C 10 ) bisphenol A phosphite and alkyl (C 12 -C 15 ) bisphenol A phosphite may be mentioned.
- a useable phosphite can also be a phosphite diester of general formula (III-b) in its alcohol and/or ketone form, in which R 20 and R 21 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, of 1 to 30 carbon atoms:
- R 20 and R 21 represent hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 4 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 6 to 16 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 8 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 20 and R 21 represent independently of each other unsubstituted hydrocarbon-containing groups, said hydrocarbon-containing groups being able to be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, phenyl or benzyl groups.
- R 20 and R 21 represent independently of each other linear or branched alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups, more preferentially linear alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups.
- R 20 and R 21 represent hydrocarbon-containing groups substituted with oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and/or phosphorus atoms, preferably oxygen atoms.
- phosphite diesters dimethyl phosphite, diethyl phosphite, diisopropyl phosphite, dibutyl phosphite, dihexyl phosphite, dicylohexyl phosphite, diisodecyl phosphite, di-n-octyl phosphite, dibenzyl phosphite, diphenyl phosphite, and dioleyl phosphite may be mentioned.
- a useable phosphite can also be a phosphite triester of general formula (III-c) in which R 22 , R 23 and R 24 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms:
- R 22 , R 23 and R 24 represent hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 4 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 6 to 16 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 8 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 22 , R 23 and R 24 represent independently of each other unsubstituted hydrocarbon-containing groups, said hydrocarbon-containing groups being able to be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, phenyl or benzyl groups.
- R 22 , R 23 and R 24 represent independently of each other linear or branched alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups, more preferentially linear alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups.
- R 22 , R 23 and R 24 represent hydrocarbon-containing groups substituted with oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and/or phosphorus atoms, preferably oxygen atoms.
- phosphite triesters diphenyl isodecyl phosphite, diphenyl isooctyl phosphite, tridimethylphenyl phosphite, diphenyl ethylhexyl phosphite, phenyl diisodecyl phosphite, triisodecyl phosphite, trilauryl phosphite, triphenyl phosphite, tris(dipropyleneglycol)phosphite, tris(nonylphenyl)phosphite, tris(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl)phosphite, tris(5-norbornene-2-methyl)phosphite, tris(tridecyl)phosphite, trimethyl phosphite, triethyl phosphite, triisoprop
- the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises from 0.1 to 5% by mass of phosphite, relative to the total mass of the lubricating composition, preferably from 0.2 to 4%, more preferentially from 0.3 to 2%, even more preferentially from 0.5 to 1%.
- the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group.
- the compound comprising a dithiophosphate group is called “dithiophosphate” in the remainder of the present description.
- a useable dithiophosphate is a dithiophosphate selected from the group constituted by the ammonium dithiophosphates, amine dithiophosphates, dithiophosphate esters and metal dithiophosphates, used alone or in a mixture.
- the ammonium dithiophosphates, amine dithiophosphates and dithiophosphate esters have the advantage of being ashless dithiophosphates, in particular zinc-free.
- the dithiophosphate is an ammonium dithiophosphate of general formula (III-a), in which R 25 and R 26 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms:
- R 25 and R 26 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 25 and R 26 represent independently of each other unsubstituted hydrocarbon-containing groups, said hydrocarbon-containing groups being able to be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, phenyl or benzyl groups.
- R 25 and R 26 represent independently of each other linear or branched alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups, more preferentially linear alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups.
- R 25 and R 26 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups optionally substituted with oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and/or phosphorus atoms, preferably oxygen atoms.
- oxygen atoms preferably oxygen atoms.
- examples of commercial products are the ammonium dimethyl dithiophosphates, ammonium diethyl dithiophosphates, ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphates.
- the dithiophosphate is an amine dithiophosphate of general formula (III-b), in which R 27 and R 28 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, R 29 , R 30 and R 31 represent independently of each other a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon-containing group from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, it being understood that at least one of the R 29 , R 30 and R 31 groups is not a hydrogen atom:
- R 27 and R 28 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 27 and R 28 represent independently of each other unsubstituted hydrocarbon-containing groups, said hydrocarbon-containing groups being able to be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, phenyl or benzyl groups.
- R 27 and R 28 represent independently of each other linear or branched alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups, more preferentially linear alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups.
- R 27 and R 28 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups optionally substituted with oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and/or phosphorus atoms, preferably with oxygen atoms.
- R 29 , R 30 and R 31 represent independently of each other a hydrocarbon-containing group from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
- Commercial compounds are for example Additin® RC 3880.
- the dithiophosphate is a dithiophosphate ester of general formula (III-c), in which R 33 and R 34 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, R 35 and R 36 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups comprising from 1 to 18 carbon atoms:
- R 33 and R 34 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 33 and R 34 represent independently of each other unsubstituted hydrocarbon-containing groups, said hydrocarbon-containing groups being able to be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, phenyl or benzyl groups.
- R 33 and R 34 represent independently of each other linear or branched alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups, more preferentially linear alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups.
- R 33 and R 34 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups optionally substituted with oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and/or phosphorus atoms, preferably oxygen atoms.
- R 33 and R 34 represent independently of each other, a hydrocarbon-containing group of 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
- R 35 and R 36 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups of 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
- Commercial compounds are for example Irgalube® 63.
- the dithiophosphate is a metal dithiophosphate of general formula (III-d), in which R 37 and R 38 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, M represents a metal cation and n is the valency of this metal cation:
- the metal is selected from the group constituted by zinc, aluminium, copper, iron, mercury, silver, cadmium, tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, thallium, chromium, molybdenum, cobalt, nickel, tungsten, sodium, calcium, magnesium, manganese and arsenic.
- the preferred metals are zinc, molybdenum, antimony, preferably zinc and molybdenum, preferably zinc. Mixtures of metals can be used.
- the metal dithiophosphates are neutral as exemplified in formula (III-d) or basic when a stoichiometric excess of metal is present.
- R 37 and R 38 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 37 and R 38 represent independently of each other unsubstituted hydrocarbon-containing groups, said hydrocarbon-containing groups being able to be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, phenyl or benzyl groups.
- R 37 and R 38 represent independently of each other linear or branched alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups, more preferentially linear alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups.
- R 37 and R 38 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups optionally substituted with oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and/or phosphorus atoms, preferably with oxygen atoms.
- the useable metal dithiophosphates are compounds well known to a person skilled in the art. Commercial compounds are for example Additin® RC 3038, Additin® RC 3045, Additin® RC 3048, Additin® RC 3058, Additin® RC 3080, Additin® RC 3180, Additin® RC 3212, Additin® RC 3580, Kikulube® Z112, Lubrizol® 1371, Lubrizol® 1375, Lubrizol® 1395, Lubrizol® 5179, Oloa® 260, Oloa® 267.
- the metal dithiophosphate is a molybdenum dithiophosphate of formula (III-d-1), in which R 37 and R 38 have the same meaning as in formula (III-d):
- the metal dithiophosphate is a zinc dithiophosphate of formula (III-d-2), in which R 37 and R 38 have the same meaning as in formula (III-d):
- the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises from 0.1 to 5% by mass of dithiophosphate, relative to the total mass of the lubricating composition, preferably from 0.2 to 4%, more preferentially from 0.3 to 2%, even more preferentially from 0.5 to 1%.
- the lubricating compositions according to the invention can contain any type of lubricating base, synthetic or natural mineral, animal or vegetable, suited to their use.
- the base oil or oils used in the lubricating compositions according to the present invention can be oils of mineral or synthetic origin of groups I to V according to the classes defined in the API classification (or their equivalents according to the ATIEL classification) as summarized below, alone or in a mixture.
- the mineral base oils according to the invention include all types of bases obtained by atmospheric and vacuum distillation of crude oil, followed by refining operations such as solvent extraction, deasphalting, solvent dewaxing, hydrotreatment, hydrocracking and hydroisomerization, hydrofinishing.
- the base oils of the compositions according to the present invention can also be synthetic oils, such as certain esters of carboxylic acids and alcohols, or polyalphaolefins.
- the polyalphaolefins used as base oils are for example obtained from monomers having 4 to 32 carbon atoms (for example octene, decene), and a viscosity at 100° C. comprised between 1.5 and 15 cSt according to the standard ASTM D445. Their weight-average molecular weight is typically comprised between 250 and 3000 according to the standard ASTM D5296. Mixtures of synthetic oils and minerals can also be used.
- the lubricating bases represent at least 50% by mass, relative to the total mass of the lubricating composition, preferentially at least 60%, or also at least 70%. Typically, they represent between 75 and 90% by mass, relative to the total mass of the lubricating compositions according to the invention.
- the lubricating compositions according to the invention comprise mineral bases of group I and/or Ill, or synthetic bases of group IV according to the API classification.
- the lubricating compositions according to the invention have a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. measured according to the standard ASTM D445 comprised between 4 and 41 cSt, according to the SAE J 306 classification, preferably between 4.1 and 32.5 cSt.
- the preferred grades are all the grades comprised between grades 75W and 140, in particular grades 75W, 75W80 and 75W90.
- the lubricating compositions according to the invention have a viscosity index (VI) greater than 120 (standard ASTM 2270).
- the lubricating compositions according to the invention can also contain all types of additives suitable for use in the formulations of oils for transmissions, for example one or more additives selected from the polymers, antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, and dispersants, present at the usual levels required for the application.
- the polymers are selected from the group of shear-stable polymers, preferably from the group constituted by the ethylene and alpha-olefin copolymers, the polyacrylates such as the polymethacrylates, olefin copolymers (OCP), Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomers (EPDM), polybutenes, styrene and olefin copolymers, hydrogenated or not, styrene and acrylate copolymers.
- the preferred polymers are the polymethacrylates (PMA).
- the preferred dispersants are the polyisobutylenes (PIB), polyisobutylene succinic anhydride and the amine derivatives of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride (PIB succinimides).
- the preferred antioxidants are for example amine antioxidants, preferably diphenylamines, in particular dialkylphenylamines, such as the octadiphenylamines, phenyl-alpha-naphthyl amines, or phenolic antioxidants (dibutylhydroxytoluene BHT and derivatives) or sulphur-containing antioxidants (sulphurized phenates).
- the preferred anti-corrosion additives are phenol derivatives, in particular ethoxylated phenol derivatives substituted with alkyl groups in the ortho position.
- the corrosion inhibitors may be dimercaptothiadiazole derivatives.
- the lubricating composition comprises:
- the lubricating composition comprises:
- the lubricating composition comprises:
- the additional additive can be selected from the other additives described above.
- the other additive can be selected from the group formed by the polymers, antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, dispersants and mixtures thereof.
- the other additive is a mixture of at least one antioxidant and at least one dispersant.
- the other additive is a mixture of at least one polysiobutylene succinimide and at least one dialkylphenylamine.
- the lubricating composition essentially consists of:
- the additional additive can be selected from the other additives described above.
- the other additive can be selected from the group formed by the polymers, the antioxidants, the corrosion inhibitors, the dispersants and mixtures thereof.
- the other additive is a mixture of at least one antioxidant and at least one dispersant.
- the other additive is a mixture of at least one polysiobutylene succinimide and at least one dialkylphenylamine.
- the invention also relates to a method for lubricating transmissions such as gearboxes, axles, preferably the manual gearboxes of motor vehicles, said method comprising a step of bringing the lubricating composition as defined above into contact with transmissions such as gearboxes.
- this method makes it possible to simultaneously reduce wear, to improve the extreme-pressure properties, reduce friction and improve the anti-seizing properties of the lubricating composition.
- this method makes it possible to reduce the fuel consumption of vehicles, in particular motor vehicles.
- the use of these four additives in a lubricating composition makes it possible to simultaneously reduce wear, improve the extreme-pressure properties, reduce the coefficient of friction and improve the anti-seizing properties of the lubricating composition.
- the lubricating composition comprises at least one base oil, at least one compound comprising a metal dithiocarbamate group of formula (I-e), at least one compound comprising an amine dithiocarbamate group of formula (I-c), at least one compound comprising a phosphite group at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group, at least one antioxidant and at least one dispersant.
- a metal dithiocarbamate group of formula (I-e) at least one compound comprising an amine dithiocarbamate group of formula (I-c)
- at least one compound comprising a phosphite group at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group
- at least one antioxidant and at least one dispersant does not adversely affect the extreme-pressure, wear, friction and anti-seizing properties which are still very good, and at the same time makes it possible to ensure excellent oxidation resistance. It is surprising to note that the use of the dispersant makes it possible to clearly improve the oxidation resistance.
- Lubricating compositions 1 to 7 are prepared from:
- the operating principle is for example described in the publication “Friction Force Measurement in Reciprocating Tribometers”, by A G Plint, published by STLE (Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers) in 2011.
- the procedure used measures the coefficient of friction of a roller on a plane, all immersed in the test lubricant, under conditions of temperature (60° C., 100° C. and 140° C.), load (50, 100, 150 and 200N) and frequency (5, 10, 20 and 40 Hz) that can be varied in order to reproduce the friction conditions encountered in the control mechanisms of gearboxes during use.
- the course of the roller on the plane, i.e. the reciprocating stroke movement, is fixed at 7 mm.
- the test duration is 10 minutes.
- the reduction of the friction under these test conditions makes it possible to indicate a reduction in the gear-changing stresses and in the friction losses in the gears of the gearbox operating with the type of lubricant studied.
- the value of the coefficient of friction measured in ⁇ min, taken at different temperatures corresponds to the minimum value of the coefficient of friction taken over the average of the 4 loads during the last minute of the test.
- Lubricating compositions 1 to 6 are control lubricating compositions comprising only one or two of the three additives essential to the invention.
- the lubricating compositions 1 to 6 do not simultaneously have good anti-wear, extreme-pressure and friction properties.
- Lubricating compositions 8 to 9 according to the invention are then prepared from:
- compositions 7 to 9 have a very satisfactory extreme-pressure level.
- Compositions 7 and 8 give a damage load stage of 12
- composition 9 gives a damage load stage of 10.
- This reference oil H comprises 72% by mass of group I base oil, relative to the mass of oil, 11% by mass of polymethacrylate-type polymer, 8% by mass of PAO, 8% by mass of a package comprising a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, a dibutyl phosphite, an aryl phosphite and a diphenylamine as antioxidant.
- Lubricating compositions 7 to 9 therefore exhibit better extreme-pressure behaviour than this reference oil H since their failure occurs at higher loads.
- lubricating compositions 7 to 9 and especially composition 9 have low susceptibility to corrosion (copper or steel) and to oxidation.
- Control lubricating compositions 10 to 15 are then prepared from:
- Additin® RC 2545 is an extreme-pressure additive; it has the same function as the compound comprising a dithiophosphate group used in the compositions according to the invention. However, it is noted that the combination of a dithiocarbamate, a phosphite with a sulphur-containing olefin rather than a dithiophosphate does not make it possible to simultaneously obtain good anti-wear and extreme-pressure properties. Thus, when at least one compound is selected with a chemical structure different from one of the compounds constituting the lubricating composition according to the invention but having the same function (therefore a compound belonging to another family of additives), no simultaneous improvement in the three properties anti-wear, extreme pressure and friction is observed.
- Comparative lubricating composition 16 is prepared based on the above composition according to the invention 7, in which the mixture of metal dithiocarbamate and amine dithiocarbamate (Vanlube EZ) is replaced with a zinc diamyl dithiocarbamate (Vanlube AZ).
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Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1251393 | 2012-02-15 | ||
| FR1251393A FR2986801B1 (fr) | 2012-02-15 | 2012-02-15 | Compositions lubrifiantes pour transmissions |
| PCT/EP2013/053012 WO2013120965A1 (fr) | 2012-02-15 | 2013-02-14 | Compositions lubrifiantes pour transmissions |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US20160010024A1 true US20160010024A1 (en) | 2016-01-14 |
Family
ID=47710186
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US14/377,668 Abandoned US20160010024A1 (en) | 2012-02-15 | 2013-02-14 | Lubricating compositions for transmissions |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20160010024A1 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP2814918A1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP6240618B2 (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR20140125784A (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN104284968B (enExample) |
| AR (1) | AR089991A1 (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2986801B1 (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2013120965A1 (enExample) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020260650A1 (fr) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-12-30 | Total Marketing Services | Composition lubrifiante pour prévenir la corrosion et/ou la tribocorrosion des pièces métalliques dans un moteur |
| US11015141B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2021-05-25 | Total Marketing Services | Lubricant composition based on metal nanoparticles |
| CN112888770A (zh) * | 2018-10-23 | 2021-06-01 | 出光兴产株式会社 | 润滑油组合物、具备润滑油组合物的机械装置及润滑油组合物的制造方法 |
| CN114096647A (zh) * | 2019-06-28 | 2022-02-25 | 道达尔销售服务公司 | 位阻酚或芳族胺类型的化合物在旨在用于电动或混合动力车辆的推进系统的润滑组合物中作为抗腐蚀添加剂的用途 |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3241883B1 (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2018-07-18 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Lubricant compositions |
| FR3009309B1 (fr) * | 2013-08-02 | 2016-10-07 | Total Marketing Services | Compositions lubrifiantes pour transmissions |
| CN109135871B (zh) * | 2017-06-27 | 2021-11-02 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种重负荷车辆齿轮油组合物及其制备方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030139303A1 (en) * | 1996-01-16 | 2003-07-24 | Curtis R. Scharf | Lubricating compositions |
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| US2492314A (en) | 1945-01-16 | 1949-12-27 | Sharples Chemicals Inc | Process for producing metal salts of substituted dithiocarbamic acids |
| US2805996A (en) * | 1954-09-20 | 1957-09-10 | Pennsalt Chemicals Corp | Process for the production of oil soluble amine complexes and compositions containing such complexes |
| US5872085A (en) * | 1987-04-10 | 1999-02-16 | Froeschmann; Erasmus | Lubricant or lubricant concentrate |
| DE3712132A1 (de) * | 1987-04-10 | 1988-10-20 | Grill Max Gmbh | Schmiermittel bzw. schmiermittelkonzentrat |
| JPH0539495A (ja) * | 1991-08-05 | 1993-02-19 | Tonen Corp | 潤滑油組成物 |
| US5354485A (en) * | 1993-03-26 | 1994-10-11 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Lubricating compositions, greases, aqueous fluids containing organic ammonium thiosulfates |
| JPH07197058A (ja) * | 1993-12-30 | 1995-08-01 | Tonen Corp | 潤滑油組成物 |
| JPH07196603A (ja) * | 1993-12-30 | 1995-08-01 | Tonen Corp | 塩基性ジチオカルバミン酸金属塩、及び該塩を含有する潤滑油組成物 |
| US5674820A (en) * | 1995-09-19 | 1997-10-07 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Additive compositions for lubricants and functional fluids |
| JP4246963B2 (ja) * | 2002-05-22 | 2009-04-02 | シェブロンジャパン株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
| JP5362990B2 (ja) * | 2004-11-04 | 2013-12-11 | ユナイテッド テクノロジーズ コーポレイション | 負荷容量および表面疲労寿命を向上させる潤滑剤添加剤パッケージ |
-
2012
- 2012-02-15 FR FR1251393A patent/FR2986801B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2013
- 2013-02-14 EP EP13703847.7A patent/EP2814918A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-02-14 KR KR1020147022622A patent/KR20140125784A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2013-02-14 CN CN201380019526.8A patent/CN104284968B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-02-14 US US14/377,668 patent/US20160010024A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-02-14 AR ARP130100460A patent/AR089991A1/es unknown
- 2013-02-14 JP JP2014557044A patent/JP6240618B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-02-14 WO PCT/EP2013/053012 patent/WO2013120965A1/fr not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030139303A1 (en) * | 1996-01-16 | 2003-07-24 | Curtis R. Scharf | Lubricating compositions |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11015141B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2021-05-25 | Total Marketing Services | Lubricant composition based on metal nanoparticles |
| CN112888770A (zh) * | 2018-10-23 | 2021-06-01 | 出光兴产株式会社 | 润滑油组合物、具备润滑油组合物的机械装置及润滑油组合物的制造方法 |
| WO2020260650A1 (fr) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-12-30 | Total Marketing Services | Composition lubrifiante pour prévenir la corrosion et/ou la tribocorrosion des pièces métalliques dans un moteur |
| FR3097875A1 (fr) * | 2019-06-28 | 2021-01-01 | Total Marketing Services | Composition lubrifiante pour prévenir la corrosion et/ou la tribocorrosion des pièces métalliques dans un moteur |
| CN114096647A (zh) * | 2019-06-28 | 2022-02-25 | 道达尔销售服务公司 | 位阻酚或芳族胺类型的化合物在旨在用于电动或混合动力车辆的推进系统的润滑组合物中作为抗腐蚀添加剂的用途 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2814918A1 (fr) | 2014-12-24 |
| KR20140125784A (ko) | 2014-10-29 |
| CN104284968B (zh) | 2017-03-22 |
| AR089991A1 (es) | 2014-10-01 |
| FR2986801A1 (fr) | 2013-08-16 |
| JP6240618B2 (ja) | 2017-11-29 |
| WO2013120965A1 (fr) | 2013-08-22 |
| JP2015507068A (ja) | 2015-03-05 |
| FR2986801B1 (fr) | 2014-09-05 |
| CN104284968A (zh) | 2015-01-14 |
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