US20150343506A1 - Method For Producing Different Wall Thicknesses Of A Container Tube - Google Patents

Method For Producing Different Wall Thicknesses Of A Container Tube Download PDF

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Publication number
US20150343506A1
US20150343506A1 US14/438,338 US201214438338A US2015343506A1 US 20150343506 A1 US20150343506 A1 US 20150343506A1 US 201214438338 A US201214438338 A US 201214438338A US 2015343506 A1 US2015343506 A1 US 2015343506A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tube
blank
wall
male die
ironing
Prior art date
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Abandoned
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US14/438,338
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English (en)
Inventor
Friedhelm Gunther
Marco Schmidt
Ralf Dirscherl
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SchmitterGroup AG
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SchmitterGroup AG
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Publication date
Application filed by SchmitterGroup AG filed Critical SchmitterGroup AG
Assigned to SCHMITTERGROUP AG reassignment SCHMITTERGROUP AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SCHMIDT, MARCO, DIRSCHERL, RALF, GUNTHER, FRIEDHELM
Publication of US20150343506A1 publication Critical patent/US20150343506A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C3/00—Profiling tools for metal drawing; Combinations of dies and mandrels
    • B21C3/02—Dies; Selection of material therefor; Cleaning thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B21C37/16—Making tubes with varying diameter in longitudinal direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
    • B21C1/16—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes
    • B21C1/22—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes specially adapted for making tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
    • B21C1/16—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes
    • B21C1/22—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes specially adapted for making tubular articles
    • B21C1/24—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes specially adapted for making tubular articles by means of mandrels
    • B21C1/26—Push-bench drawing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
    • B21C1/16—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes
    • B21C1/32—Feeding or discharging the material or mandrels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C9/00—Cooling, heating or lubricating drawing material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/43—Fittings, brackets or knuckles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/012—Hollow or tubular elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/80—Manufacturing procedures
    • B60G2206/81—Shaping

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a container tube.
  • the container tube which is used as container, bracing and/or support means for a motor vehicle strut in the longitudinal direction, for example, comprises consecutive longitudinal sections of tube with different wall thicknesses and/or inner and/or outside diameters.
  • the above-mentioned method starts out from a hollow or tubular blank, which is stretched by means of repeated drawing and wall ironing with the aid of at least one drawing and wall ironing female die applied to the outside of the blank towards a male die, for example a punch or a mandrel, in contact with the inside of the blank.
  • the wall thickness and/or the inner and/or the outside diameter at least of a part of the longitudinal sections maybe reduced by a specified dimension at a time.
  • Propshafts produced according to the method of the previously mentioned type are known (DE 10 2007 045 719 A1). According to that, the inner and/or outside diameter of the propshaft wall thickness are changed.
  • cold forming process following the push on of the blank onto a mandrel, a female die is slid over the blank and the punch located therein.
  • the mandrel used for this purpose comprises two different diameters as well as a transitional region, the design of which is conical. Up to the transitional region, the drawing and wall ironing takes place on the thinner diameter of the mandrel.
  • the drawing and wall ironing is done across the thicker region of the mandrel by means of a diameter of opening in the larger female die.
  • This results in increased strength for the deformed regions compared to the blank.
  • this will result in an extension in the axial direction.
  • different female dies are used during the aforementioned cold forming process that is already known. Using this method, there is however no possibility to adjust the desired inner and/or outside diameters independently from one another, as a result of which also no increase in wall thickness/wall thickness thickening can be obtained, if the outside diameter remains constant.
  • the materials normally used such as steel with the quality factor E355+N (European Standard EN 10305-2 of November 2002 or EN 10305-3 of May 2010), are relatively costly for this known deformation process. For this reason, low material consumption is desirable. Moreover, a weight reduction is desirable in the automotive industry and thus component optimization.
  • EP 1 190 784 A2 also addresses a process for producing a tube with wall thicknesses that are partially different.
  • the fabrication of the different wall thicknesses also supports weight savings, wherein the wall thicknesses are sized appropriately for the loads to be encountered.
  • the objective of the invention therefore is to indicate a method, with which the desired wall thicknesses as well as the inner and/or outside diameters can be produced more flexibly with respect to the required strength, for example a more moderate strength in the force and weld node regions by means of a thicker wall, without reworking and without additional processing steps. Moreover, as a result of the produced, partially different wall thicknesses of the container tube, a weight reduction or optimization that is desired by the industry will be achieved.
  • a change of the male die is performed on at least a part of the longitudinal sections to be reduced prior to its drawing and wall ironing.
  • a previously used male die is replaced with a male die that is designed differently and/or specifically adapted.
  • the axisymmetric male die to be used has got at least one cross-sectional variation in the longitudinal profile.
  • the male die has a smaller and/or thinner as well as a larger and/or thicker cross-section/outside diameter.
  • These two cross-sections or outside diameters are connected to one another by means of at least one male die shoulder.
  • the male die shoulder can be realized in different embodiments. On the one hand, a transition region and therefore a conical embodiment can be developed here, and on the other this shoulder can be obtained simply by a perpendicular increase in the diameter of the male die towards the axial direction.
  • the front face of the smaller diameter of the male die will always be introduced first into the blank. This means, that the first introduced and/or smaller diameter or cross-section of the male die is located in the region of the driver edge.
  • the largest diameter or cross-section of the male die on the other hand, is always positioned farthest relative towards the driver edge.
  • the male dies to be used comprise at least two different diameters or cross-sections in the radial direction. It therefore is also possible that more male die shoulders can be available. In this process it is important, however, that the diameters or the cross-sections of the male die are arranged according to size, so that only ascending male die shoulders are present in the axial direction.
  • the male die therefore has a form that continuously tapers in the axial direction and does not expand again.
  • a first longitudinal section with reduced wall thickness is formed in a first drawing and wall ironing operation. If a driver edge is molded on one end of the blank, on which a reduction in wall thickness is generated, this is considered as pre-reduction. It is not mandatory that a driver edge is molded.
  • the blank can also be is designed cup-shaped, i.e. the blank has only one frontal aperture and is closed on the other side/on the other end. It is mandatory, however, in order to make use of the method as taught by the invention, to mold a stop for the male die in some form inside the tube, or have it already.
  • the actual drawing and wall ironing operation starts only, if a drawing and wall ironing female die with a smaller diameter of opening or with a smaller inner diameter compared to the outside diameter of the blank is pulled/pushed over the blank that comprises an inserted male die, up to a certain axial length.
  • the respective wall thickness of the tube is sized using the one or the multiple male dies and the respectively assigned and/or opposite interior dimensions of the one or multiple drawing and wall ironing female dies.
  • the diameter or the cross-section of the male die is thus selected such that the difference between the outside diameter of the male die and the inner diameter of the drawing and wall ironing female die correspond to the wall thicknesses.
  • the drawing and wall ironing female die is fitted onto the container tube section by section up to a certain axial length and is then retracted again, in each case.
  • one or multiple strip off means are provided on a frontal aperture of the container tube serving the insertion of the male die or the change of the male dies.
  • Stripping jaws or similar can be used as strip off means, for example. This will facilitate changing of the male dies by at least one stripping means attached to the opposite end of the driver edge.
  • the stripping jaws for example engage radially behind the blank or the container tube, so that they have a smaller diameter of opening than the outside diameter of the blank and/or container tube, but will not be in contact with the inserted male die.
  • the male die situated in the container tube and/or blank, is retracted, so that the stripping jaws, cited as an example, and which were engaged in the radial direction abut against the front face of the container tube and/or blank and fixing it while the male die is further retracted and is thus removed from the container tube or the blank.
  • the number of male die changes depends on the number of the desired changes in wall thickness.
  • An infinitive number of changes in the wall thicknesses of the container tube can be obtained with each male die. It is however possible that only successive increases in the inner diameter can be accomplished. As soon as a reduction in the inner diameter is desired, a male die change must take place. With the female die, on the other hand, a change must always be performed when a modification in the outside diameter of the container tube is desired.
  • the wall thickness of the container tube or the blank can also be increased or thickened without changing the male die, in that a female die with a greater diameter of opening/inner diameter is pushed on.
  • the male die change is independent of a female die change. This means, the wall thickness can already change by means of a male die with different cross-sections and/or diameters when using a female die. When using additional female dies and/or male dies, the number of the possible changes in wall thicknesses is infinite.
  • each tube longitudinal section must be processed once only. After the drawing and wall ironing female die has been pulled across a respective axial length of the blank, this wall ironed region does not have to be processed again. This means, that the wall ironed region of a drawing and wall ironing female die that was wall ironed only once represents a finished section of the container tube.
  • a further possibility consists in that the container tube be realized using a lightweight structural material.
  • Aluminum is an example of lightweight structural material.
  • the container tube produced by means of the method as taught by the invention will again be optimized in weight as well as also in its strength.
  • an extruded pre-pipe or a hollow and/or tubular blank is used, for example. Because of the lower mechanical strength properties of aluminum alloys compared to steel, for example, the wall thicknesses and/or the differences between outside and inner diameters of the container tube are developed stronger when using a lightweight structural material.
  • An advantageous development of the invention is the is production of an angular profile and/or tube, such as a square tube, with likewise differently varying wall thicknesses. This can be obtained, if square dimensions and/or cross-sections are used instead of the previously mentioned diameters.
  • the male die for example can be designed as a square solid profile, instead of a round profile.
  • the drawing and wall ironing female die must also have a design that matches the male die. This means that the male die as well as the associated drawing and wall ironing female die can be round and/or square as well as axisymmetric or asymmetric.
  • FIG. 1 is a hollow and/or tubular blank for the manufacturing process as taught by the invention, as a cross-section;
  • FIG. 2 molding a driver edge onto the hollow and/or tubular blank from FIG. 1 , as a cross-section;
  • FIG. 3 is a stretching operation of a first longitudinal section of tube with outside diameter increase of the blank, as a cross-section;
  • FIG. 4 is a stretching operation of a second longitudinal section of tube with prior female die change, as a cross-section
  • FIG. 5 is a stretching operation of a third longitudinal section of tube with prior male die change, as a cross-section
  • FIG. 6 is a stretching operation of a fourth longitudinal section of tube with prior male die change, as a cross-section
  • FIG. 7 is an embodiment as taught by the invention of a container tube with a machined end, as a cross-section;
  • FIG. 1 to FIG. 7 show an exemplary embodiment of the special and inventive drawing and wall ironing method for producing a container tube optimized in terms of weight and strength.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a hollow and/or tubular blank 1 , from which a container tube is produced by means of the method as taught by the invention.
  • the hollow and/or tubular blank 1 comprises a certain or predefined outside diameter 2 as well as an inner diameter 3 .
  • the two ends of the hollow and/or tubular blank 1 are referred to as frontal apertures 4 .
  • a plunger 5 is inserted on one end or on a frontal aperture 4 of the hollow and/or tubular blank 1 into the inside of the tube up to the stop of the plunger 5 ′.
  • the part of the plunger 5 that is inside the tube has a same-sized or smaller outside diameter, compared to the inner diameter 3 of the blank 3 .
  • a drawing and wall ironing female die 6 is inserted on the opposite frontal aperture 4 of the inserted plunger 5 and is pushed onto the blank 1 for a certain or desired axial length.
  • a pre-reduction of the blank 1 is obtained and also a driver edge 7 is molded.
  • the plunger 5 is subsequently extracted or retracted.
  • the hollow and/or tubular blank 1 is pushed out of the drawing and wall ironing female die 8 by means of an ejector 8 that is fitted on the molded driver edge 7 .
  • Another possibility consists in fitting the ejector 6 in front of the driver edge 7 and pulling down the drawing and wall ironing female die 8 .
  • a male die 9 such as a plunger or a mandrel, is inserted on the frontal aperture 4 of the hollow and/or tubular blank 1 , until the front face of the male die 9 abuts against the driver edge 7 .
  • the male die 9 is provided with a raised part that partially extends in the axial direction, a so-called male die shoulder 10 .
  • the outside dimension 11 of the male die 9 towards the driver edge 7 is smaller than the outside dimension 12 furthest away from the driver edge 7 , and is connected with a certain pre-defined or predetermined male die shoulder 10 .
  • a first tube longitudinal section I is formed in the axial direction from the driver edge 7 with another or further drawing and wall ironing female die 13 , which has another predetermined inner diameter 14 .
  • the thereby resulting drawn and wall ironed region already represents a section of the container tube 15 that is finished or to be produced.
  • a second tube longitudinal section II is produced.
  • a further drawing and wall ironing female die 16 is used, which has a larger inner diameter 14 than the previously used female die.
  • a raised shoulder and/or an increased outside diameter 17 of the container tube 15 is created.
  • the drawing and wall ironing female die 16 is pushed in a direction away from the driver edge 7 over the blank 1 and the male die 9 with two different outside dimensions 11 , 12 as well as a male die shoulder 10 located inside said blank 1 , up to the end of the second tube longitudinal section II.
  • the male die shoulder 10 is located inside of the second tube longitudinal section II, so that a desired reduction in wall thickness results in this section.
  • the different wall thicknesses of the container tube 15 result from the inner diameters 14 of the drawing and wall ironing female dies and the thereto opposite and/or allocated axially extending outside diameter/outside dimension 10 , 11 , 12 of the male die 9 .
  • two stripping means 18 are located, which are utilized during a male die change, in order to strip off the container tube 15 and/or the blank 1 from the male die 9 .
  • FIG. 4 a male die change takes place after the produced stretched tube longitudinal section II, as a result of which a subsequent increased wall thickness is obtained.
  • a further tube longitudinal section III is produced by means of the drawing and wall ironing female die 16 that was previously used.
  • a further male die 19 which in the axial direction comprises multiple different outside dimensions 11 , 12 and thus also a male die shoulder 10 , which, compared to the previously utilized male die 9 , is axially shifted in the direction of the frontal aperture 4 , and is inserted into the blank up to the driver edge 7 .
  • the male die shoulder 10 is therefore located in the third tube longitudinal section III.
  • the smaller region or the outside dimension 11 of the male die 19 corresponds to the smallest internal dimension and/or the smallest inner diameter of the container tube 15 .
  • the male die shoulder 10 corresponds to the desired inner diameter increase 21 of the container tube 15 .
  • the drawing and wall ironing female die 16 that was already previously used is pushed on further by a predefined region or up to the desired end of the third tube longitudinal section III in direction of the frontal aperture of the blank 1 . After the desired length of the reduced wall thickness has been reached, a male die change occurs again aided by the stripping means 18 .
  • FIG. 6 the last drawing and wall ironing operation of the special manufacturing process is performed.
  • another male die 22 that in turn has multiple outside dimensions 11 , 12 and therefore a male die shoulder 10 displaced in the axial direction, is inserted into the inside of the tube.
  • the drawing and wall ironing female die 16 is pushed/pulled over the blank 1 up to the end. The drawing and wall ironing process and the associated reduction in wall thickness results in stretching the container tube 15 .
  • FIG. 7 An exemplary, finished container tube is illustrated according to FIG. 7 .
  • the two ends 23 of the container tube 15 are machined at the conclusion of every drawing and wall ironing process.
  • An increase in the outside diameter 17 of the container tube 15 was accomplished in the first tube longitudinal section I by means of a drawing and wall ironing female die change.
  • the drawing and wall ironing female die 16 with a certain or predetermined inner diameter or a predetermined internal dimension 14 is pushed over the tube longitudinal section II, III, IV.
  • the same drawing and wall ironing female die 16 is used, until a change in the outside dimension or outside diameter 17 , 24 of the container tube 15 is to occur.
  • the male die 9 is used from the front of the tube longitudinal section I up to the end of the tube longitudinal section II.
  • the male die 9 used comprises a male die shoulder 10 , as a result of which an increase in the inner diameter 21 of the container tube 15 occurs.
  • a male die change takes place, as a result of which an increase in the wall thickness and thus a reduction in the inner diameter 20 of the container tube 15 in the next tube longitudinal section III is accomplished.
  • the male die 19 used for the production of the tube longitudinal section III also comprises a male die shoulder 10 , as a result of which an increase in the inner diameter 21 of the container tube 15 is accomplished again.
  • a male die change occurs again after the tube longitudinal section III. Because of that, the male die shoulder 10 of the newly used male die 22 results in increasing the inner diameter 21 of the container tube 15 . This produced wall thickness will be retained up to the end of the container tube 15 .
  • the radially thicker wall thickness region undergoes a degree of deformation of 5% to 20%, for example, and the thinner wall thickness region undergoes a degree of deformation from 40% to 60%, for example.
  • the higher the degree of deformation the greater the strain hardening.
  • a lower breakdown in strength and therefore a desirable low strain hardening is accomplished for the thicker wall thickness regions.
  • a high strain hardening is accomplished in the thinner wall thickness region because of the degree of deformation. This is a desirable result, because it saves weight.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
US14/438,338 2012-11-02 2012-11-02 Method For Producing Different Wall Thicknesses Of A Container Tube Abandoned US20150343506A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2012/071698 WO2014067581A1 (de) 2012-11-02 2012-11-02 Verfahren zur herstellung unterschiedlicher wanddicken eines behälterrohres

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Publication Number Publication Date
US20150343506A1 true US20150343506A1 (en) 2015-12-03

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US14/438,338 Abandoned US20150343506A1 (en) 2012-11-02 2012-11-02 Method For Producing Different Wall Thicknesses Of A Container Tube

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Country Link
US (1) US20150343506A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2914392A1 (de)
CN (1) CN104797353A (de)
WO (1) WO2014067581A1 (de)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016103824A1 (de) * 2016-03-03 2017-09-07 Schmittergroup Ag Stoßdämpferrohr und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

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US6530599B1 (en) * 1998-04-24 2003-03-11 Nsk Ltd. Shock absorbing type steering shaft

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FR2369027A1 (fr) * 1976-10-29 1978-05-26 Tubes Cie Indle Cale Piece tubulaire dont les diametres et les epaisseurs ne sont pas constants sur toute leur longueu
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US4454745A (en) * 1980-07-16 1984-06-19 Standard Tube Canada Limited Process for cold-forming a tube having a thick-walled end portion
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DE20122516U1 (de) * 2001-04-11 2005-12-29 Gkn Driveline International Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Abstrecken von zylindrischen Hohlkörpern (Rohrziehen)
DE102004056147B3 (de) * 2004-11-20 2006-08-03 Gkn Driveline International Gmbh Reduzieren von Rohren über einem abgesetzten Dorn zur Herstellung von Hohlwellen mit Hinterschnitt in einer Operation
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US6530599B1 (en) * 1998-04-24 2003-03-11 Nsk Ltd. Shock absorbing type steering shaft
DE19820124A1 (de) * 1998-05-06 1999-02-25 Hans A Dipl Ing Haerle Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Rohres zur Verwendung in einem Lenkgestänge

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Publication number Publication date
EP2914392A1 (de) 2015-09-09
CN104797353A (zh) 2015-07-22
WO2014067581A1 (de) 2014-05-08

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