US20150203808A1 - Cellulase-producing novel strain and saccharification method using the same - Google Patents

Cellulase-producing novel strain and saccharification method using the same Download PDF

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US20150203808A1
US20150203808A1 US14/380,818 US201314380818A US2015203808A1 US 20150203808 A1 US20150203808 A1 US 20150203808A1 US 201314380818 A US201314380818 A US 201314380818A US 2015203808 A1 US2015203808 A1 US 2015203808A1
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cellulase
cellulose
saccharification
culturing
strain
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Jung Kul Lee
Tae Su Kim
Sujit Sadashiv Jagtap
Min Ho Cha
Jong In Lee
Hang Duk Roh
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SK Chemicals Co Ltd
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SK Chemicals Co Ltd
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Assigned to SK CHEMICALS CO., LTD. reassignment SK CHEMICALS CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CHA, MIN HO, JAGTAP, Sujit Sadashiv, KIM, TAE SU, LEE, JONG IN, LEE, JUNG KUL
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/145—Fungal isolates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
    • C12N9/14—Hydrolases (3)
    • C12N9/24—Hydrolases (3) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2)
    • C12N9/2402—Hydrolases (3) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2) hydrolysing O- and S- glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)
    • C12N9/2405—Glucanases
    • C12N9/2434—Glucanases acting on beta-1,4-glucosidic bonds
    • C12N9/2437—Cellulases (3.2.1.4; 3.2.1.74; 3.2.1.91; 3.2.1.150)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
    • C12P19/02—Monosaccharides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
    • C12P19/14—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals produced by the action of a carbohydrase (EC 3.2.x), e.g. by alpha-amylase, e.g. by cellulase, hemicellulase
    • C12R1/645—
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Y—ENZYMES
    • C12Y302/00—Hydrolases acting on glycosyl compounds, i.e. glycosylases (3.2)
    • C12Y302/01—Glycosidases, i.e. enzymes hydrolysing O- and S-glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)
    • C12Y302/01004—Cellulase (3.2.1.4), i.e. endo-1,4-beta-glucanase
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
    • C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
    • C12R2001/645—Fungi ; Processes using fungi

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the novel strain Pholiota adiposa SKU714, a method for producing cellulase from the strain and a method for saccharifying cellulose using the produced cellulase.
  • Cellulose is the most abundant organic matter on Earth. It is a renewable resource with no concern of depletion unlike petroleum or coal. However, cellulose is mostly discarded as agricultural and forestry wastes, which are regarded as the major causes of environmental pollution. Each year, more than 3 billion tons of agricultural and forestry wastes are produced worldwide, and more than 800 million tons in Asia only.
  • the cell wall of a plant consists of polymers such as cellulose (insoluble ⁇ -1,4-glucan fiber), hemicellulose (non-cellulose-based polysaccharide) and lignin (complex polyphenol polysaccharide).
  • cellulose insoluble ⁇ -1,4-glucan fiber
  • hemicellulose non-cellulose-based polysaccharide
  • lignin complex polyphenol polysaccharide
  • cellulose is present in highest quantity, followed by hemicellulose with xylan as a main constituent.
  • the two components account for more than 50% of the total plant biomass.
  • Cellulose is a homopolymer of glucose units linked by ⁇ -1,4 linkage.
  • endo- ⁇ -1,4-glucanase endo- ⁇ -1,4-glucanase [EC 3.2.1.4] [EC 3.2.1.4]
  • exo- ⁇ -1,4-glucanase EC 3.2.1.91
  • ⁇ -glucosidase endo-glucanase cleaves ⁇ -1,4 glucose linkages randomly from inside and exo-glucanase cleaves breaks down a glucan into the disaccharide cellobiose at a non-reducing end.
  • Cellobiose is finally broken down to glucose by ⁇ -glucosidase.
  • Cellulase is mostly produced using molds (fungi). In particular, it is produced industrially using Aspergillus and Trichoderma .
  • Trichoderma reesei ZU-02 Trichoderma reesei ATCC 56764
  • enzyme concentration and activity are not sufficient enough to satisfy the industrial needs.
  • the process of producing ethanol from biomass has many advantages in terms of recycling of resources, environment-friendliness of the produced fuel, etc.
  • the ethanol production from the lignocellulosic substance is highly costly as compared to gasoline production.
  • the cost of producing saccharification enzyme accounts for about 60% of the total production cost.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems of the prior art.
  • the present invention is directed to providing a cellulase-producing novel strain exhibiting high activity.
  • the present invention is also directed to providing a method for producing cellulase using the strain.
  • the present invention is also directed to providing a method for saccharifying cellulose using the cellulase.
  • the present invention provides a cellulase-producing Pholiota adiposa SKU714 (Accession No. KCCM 11187P) strain.
  • the present invention provides a method for producing cellulase, including culturing the Pholiota adiposa SKU714 (Accession No. KCCM 11187P).
  • the culturing may be performed using a medium of pH 4.5-5.5 containing corn steep powder (5-10 g/L), yeast extract (1-5 g/L), potassium dihydrogen phosphate (3-7 g/L), potassium hydrogen phosphate (3-7 g/L), magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (1-5 g/L), thiamine hydrochloride (0.01-0.03 g/L) and a carbon source (10-30 g/L).
  • the carbon source may be selected from a group consisting of cellulose, cellobiose, rice straw and avicel.
  • the culturing may be performed under the condition of a stirring rate of 100-200 rpm, an aeration rate of 0.8-1.2 vvm and a culturing temperature of 25-30° C.
  • the present invention provides a method for saccharifying cellulose using the cellulase produced by the Pholiota adiposa SKU714 strain.
  • the saccharification may be performed under the condition of a substrate concentration of 5-25 wt %, a cellulase concentration of 1-45 FPU/g substrate, pH 4-7 and a temperature of 50-80° C.
  • poplar, rice straw or a mixture thereof may be used as a cellulose source or substrate.
  • novel strain Pholiota adiposa SKU714 which is isolated from mushroom, produces high-activity cellulase.
  • the cellulase produced by the novel strain according to the present invention exhibits better saccharification yield than the existing saccharification enzymes, it can be used in various applications, including bioenergy production, textile industry, papermaking industry, detergent industry, feed industry, food industry, production of low-calorie foods, fermentation of food wastes, or the like.
  • FIG. 1 shows a result of analyzing the genetic relationship between the ITS-5.8S rDNA sequence of the strain of the present invention and similar species.
  • FIG. 2 a shows a result of measuring the ⁇ -glucosidase activity (-•-), cellobiohydrolase activity (- ⁇ -), endoglucanase activity (- ⁇ -) and glucose production (- ⁇ -) through breakdown of filter paper per unit enzyme amount of the Pholiota adiposa SKU714 strain with culturing time.
  • FIG. 2 b shows a result of measuring the xylanase activity (-•-), laccase activity (- ⁇ -), mannanase activity (- ⁇ -), and lignin peroxidase activity (- ⁇ -) of the Pholiota adiposa SKU714 strain with culturing time.
  • FIG. 3 a shows the activity of ⁇ -glucosidase produced by the Pholiota adiposa SKU714 strain depending on pH.
  • FIG. 3 b shows the activity of ⁇ -glucosidase produced by the Pholiota adiposa SKU714 strain depending on temperature.
  • S1-S6 Primary strains (S1-S6) were screened through this procedure. From the screened strains, the S4 strain exhibiting the best cellulose degrading ability was selected after testing on the solid agar medium containing carboxymethyl cellulose using the existing producing strain Trichoderma reesei ZU-02 as control (C).
  • the ITS-5.8S rDNA sequence of the S4 strain was named as SEQ ID NO 1.
  • the S4 strain was identified as Pholiota adiposa ( FIG. 1 ).
  • the S4 strain was named as ‘ Pholiota adiposa SKU714’ and deposited at the Korean Culture Center of Microorganisms on Apr. 20, 2011 with Accession No. KCCM 11187P under the Budapest Treaty.
  • Cellulase-producing activity of the Pholiota adiposa SKU714 strain depending on carbon source was tested in a 7-L fermentation tank. Cellulose, glucose, lactose, maltose, cellobiose, carboxymethyl cellulose, sucrose, xylan, rice straw and avicel were used as carbon source.
  • Pholiota adiposa SKU714 strain After inoculating the Pholiota adiposa SKU714 strain in a 50-mL flask containing 50 mL of a whole culture medium (potato starch 4 g/L, dextrose 20 g/L), the strain was cultured in a shaking incubator at 150 rpm and 25° C. for 5 days.
  • a whole culture medium potato starch 4 g/L, dextrose 20 g/L
  • 50 mL of the culture was inoculated a 50-mL flask containing a growth medium (corn steep powder 8 g/L, yeast extract 2 g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5 g/L, potassium hydrogen phosphate 5 g/L, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 3 g/L, thiamine hydrochloride 0.02 g/L and carbon source 20 g/L, pH 5) and cultured at 150 rpm, 25° C. and pH 5 for 7 days.
  • a growth medium corn steep powder 8 g/L, yeast extract 2 g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5 g/L, potassium hydrogen phosphate 5 g/L, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 3 g/L, thiamine hydrochloride 0.02 g/L and carbon source 20 g/L, pH 5
  • a growth medium corn steep powder 8 g/L, yeast extract 2 g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5 g/L
  • Pholiota adiposa SKU714 strain depending on nitrogen source was tested in a 7-L fermentation tank. Yeast extract, peptone, corn steep powder, urea, ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate and tryptone were used as nitrogen source.
  • Culturing condition was optimized in a 7-L fermentation tank using a medium containing corn steep powder (8 g/L), yeast extract (2 g/L), potassium dihydrogen phosphate (5 g/L), potassium hydrogen phosphate (5 g/L), magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (3 g/L), thiamine hydrochloride (0.02 g/L) and poplar (20 g/L).
  • Cellulase activity was compared while varying pH from 3 to 7 and changing culturing temperature from 20 to 35° C. The maximum cellulase activity was achieved at pH 5 and 25-30° C.
  • FIGS. 2 a and 2 b show a result of measuring ⁇ -glucosidase, cellobiohydrolase and endoglucanase activities and glucose production through breakdown of filter paper per unit enzyme amount with culturing time.
  • FIG. 2 b shows a result of measuring the change in xylanase, laccase, mannanase and lignin peroxidase activities with culturing time.
  • Culturing condition was optimized in a 7-L fermentation tank using a medium containing corn steep powder (8 g/L), yeast extract (2 g/L), potassium dihydrogen phosphate (5 g/L), potassium hydrogen phosphate (5 g/L), magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (3 g/L), thiamine hydrochloride (0.02 g/L) and rice straw (20 g/L).
  • Cellulase production was compared while varying pH from 3 to 7 and changing culturing temperature from 20 to 35° C. The maximum cellulase production was achieved at pH 5 and 25-30° C.
  • ⁇ -1,4-glucosidase activity was compared while varying pH from 3 to 7.5 and changing temperature from 40 to 85° C. The result is shown in FIGS. 3 a and 3 b . As seen from FIGS. 3 a and 3 b , the maximum cellulase activity was achieved at pH 5 and 65° C.
  • lignocellulose contained in a plant cannot be saccharified at high yield only with enzymatic hydrolysis. For this reason, lignin and hemicellulose are fragmented prior to enzymatic hydrolysis through a pretreatment process in order to increase the cellulose hydrolysis efficiency by cellulase.
  • Example 5 for the pretreatment, 10 g of rice straw was added to a flask containing 40 mL of 2 wt % sodium hydroxide solution and reacted at 85° C. for 1 hour. Then, the rice straw was filtered through a 0.45-uM filter and dried at 65° C.
  • the pretreated rice straw at various concentrations was added to 20 mL of 0.1 M sodium acetate buffer (pH 5.0) together with cellulase at various concentrations. After reaction at 15-55° C. and 150 rpm for 72 hours, the reaction mixture was boiled at 100° C. for 3 minutes to remove denatured enzyme, which was then cooled to room temperature and centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 15 minutes. Enzyme activity was measured by the reducing sugar method from the supernatant.
  • Saccharification yield was determined according to Equation 1 by measuring the weight decrease of the rice straw after drying at 105° C. for 24 hours per gram of the rice straw.
  • Saccharification yield (%) [(Weight of produced reducing sugar/g substrate) ⁇ 0.9/Weight of carbohydrate in rice straw] ⁇ 100 [Equation 1]
  • Saccharification of poplar was conducted under the optimized condition using the cellulase produced by the Pholiota adiposa SKU714 strain. Saccharification was performed under the condition of a substrate concentration 10 wt %, an enzyme concentration 25 FPU/g substrate, pH 6 and a temperature 65° C. The saccharification yield of the cellulase produced by the Pholiota adiposa SKU714 strain is compared with that of Novozymes' cellulase derived from Trichoderma reesei (Celluclast 1.5 L) in Table 7.
  • Saccharification of rice straw was conducted under the optimized condition using the cellulase produced by the Pholiota adiposa SKU714 strain. Saccharification was performed for 24 hours under the condition of a substrate concentration 10 wt %, an enzyme concentration 16 FPU/g substrate, pH 6 and a temperature 65° C.
  • the saccharification yield of the cellulase produced by the Pholiota adiposa SKU714 strain is compared with those of Novozymes' cellulase derived from Trichoderma reesei (Celluclast 1.5 L) and cellulase derived from the Pholiota nameko KTCC26163 strain in Table 8.
  • Pholiota nameko and Pholiota adiposa strains belong to the same genus Pholiota , they exhibit quite different cellulose saccharification effects. Whereas the Pholiota nameko strain is limited for use as a saccharification enzyme due to low protein productivity and low enzyme activity, the Pholiota adiposa strain according to the present invention is suitable for commercial application owing to production of various biomass-degrading enzymes including cellulase, high protein productivity, high enzyme activity and good thermal stability.

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KR10-2012-0019335 2012-02-24
KR20120019335A KR20130097582A (ko) 2012-02-24 2012-02-24 셀룰라아제를 생산하는 신균주 및 이를 이용한 당화방법
PCT/KR2013/001406 WO2013125886A1 (ko) 2012-02-24 2013-02-21 셀룰라아제를 생산하는 신균주 및 이를 이용한 당화방법

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KR20150117599A (ko) * 2014-04-09 2015-10-20 에스케이이노베이션 주식회사 바이오매스의 연속당화 반응기
KR101883628B1 (ko) * 2018-06-28 2018-08-30 건국대학교 산학협력단 2차 바이오매스 기질을 이용한 라카아제의 무독화 활성 증진 방법
CN113637594B (zh) * 2021-10-18 2022-01-07 山东蓬勃生物科技有限公司 一种多脂鳞伞菌株yx1、培养方法及其应用
WO2023189639A1 (ja) * 2022-03-29 2023-10-05 三菱ケミカル株式会社 ハロゲン化炭化水素系樹脂の分解方法及びハロゲン化炭化水素系樹脂分解能を有する微生物
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CN115261238A (zh) * 2022-07-14 2022-11-01 大理大学 一种高产纤维素酶的菌株的发酵方法
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