US20140083339A1 - Incinerator having afterburner grate - Google Patents
Incinerator having afterburner grate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20140083339A1 US20140083339A1 US14/006,783 US201214006783A US2014083339A1 US 20140083339 A1 US20140083339 A1 US 20140083339A1 US 201214006783 A US201214006783 A US 201214006783A US 2014083339 A1 US2014083339 A1 US 2014083339A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- ash
- grate
- afterburning
- passages
- incinerator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 84
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
- F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/002—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor characterised by their grates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
- F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
- F23G5/165—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber arranged at a different level
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2202/00—Combustion
- F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
- F23G2202/102—Combustion in two or more stages with supplementary heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2900/00—Special arrangements for conducting or purifying combustion fumes; Treatment of fumes or ashes
- F23J2900/01007—Thermal treatments of ash, e.g. temper or shock-cooling for granulation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an incinerator of the type of a carbon incinerator, refuse incinerator, a substitute fuel incinerator or a biomass incinerator.
- a method for incinerating fuels is to be indicated in which combustion residue is generated which has properties that are advantageous for further processing.
- the incinerator according to the invention has a combustion chamber which is at least partially surrounded by a housing, wherein the combustion chamber has at least one ash outlet to which at least one afterburning grate for unincinerated components of the ash is assigned.
- fuels such as in particular lignite, bituminous coal, refuse and/or substitute fuels, for example plastics and/or old tires
- thermal energy is extracted from the incineration emissions by means of heat exchangers (for example pipe packages) and, for example, fed to turbines for the conversion of thermal energy into electric power.
- the fuel is fed via a fuel duct to the combustion chamber, where the fuel is incinerated.
- the combustion chamber is at least partially surrounded by a housing which is equipped with pipes holding coolant water (heat exchangers) and/or at least partially with a fireproof cladding.
- the ash of the fuel with the unincinerated components of the fuel contained therein is removed from the combustion chamber via at least one ash outlet.
- the at least one ash outlet is in particular a (closable) opening in the combustion chamber floor, through which the ash can be removed from the combustion chamber.
- a combustion chamber floor is configured with, for example, an incline in the direction of the at least one ash outlet, and/or in the combustion chamber fuel conveyors, for example movable gates and/or roller conveyors and/or plate conveyors and/or chain conveyors are located with which the fuel and/or the ash can be conveyed towards the at least one ash outlet.
- the at least one ash outlet is followed downstream by a duct and/or a funnel, through which the ash with the unincinerated components of the fuel can be removed from the combustion chamber with the aid of gravity.
- at least one afterburning grate is located in the at least one ash outlet and/or in the duct and/or funnel which is/are contiguous to the at least one ash outlet.
- this afterburning grate is still part of the incinerator, thus in a region extending up to the discharge point onto a downstream ash conveyor which is mounted below the ash outlet.
- the at least one afterburning grate is a horizontal and/or at least partially inclined plane on which the ash having the unincinerated components at least partially comes to lie for a certain duration.
- the at least one afterburning grate is, in particular, configured in the manner of a roller grate, infeed grate, reciprocating grate, flat grate, traveling grate and/or step grate and/or consists at least partially of (hollow) tubes, (hollow) beams and/or grills.
- the at least one afterburning grate is arranged such that the ash falls from a height of at least 1 meter, particularly preferably at least 2 meters, or most particularly preferably at least 3 meters from the combustion chamber onto the at least one afterburning grate. On the at least one afterburning grate the ash is subjected to an afterburning.
- the afterburning of the ash takes place at a temporal and/or physical distance from the (primary) incineration of the fuel in the combustion chamber and/or a reduction in the temperature of the ash takes place between the incineration in the combustion chamber and the afterburning on the at least one afterburning grate.
- the ash remains at least partially on the at least one afterburning grate until the unincinerated components of the ash have been reduced to a level which is advantageous for further processing of the ash.
- the permissible fraction of unincinerated components in the ash depends on the envisaged further processing of the ash and can be determined by a person skilled in the art by means of routine operations.
- the combustion chamber preferably has at least one main incineration grate.
- This main incineration grate at least partially forms the floor of the combustion chamber and is configured in the manner of a roller grate, infeed grate, reciprocating grate, flat grate, traveling grate and/or step grate.
- the at least one main incineration grate serves, in particular, in conveying the fuel through the combustion chamber, in particular toward the at least one ash outlet, and can, in particular, have passages for aerating the fuel on the main incineration grate.
- the at least one afterburning grate is rigidly connected to the at least one ash outlet, or to a duct or funnel which is contiguous to the at least one ash outlet. This means, in particular, that the unincinerated components of the ash can be incinerated essentially motionlessly, once they have come to lie on the at least one afterburning grate.
- the at least one afterburning grate is preferably implemented with a cooling device.
- this may, in particular, refer to an at least partial throughflow of a cooling medium through the at least one afterburning grate.
- overheating of the at least one afterburning grate and thus damage can be prevented.
- the temperature of the (at least partially solidified) ash which has been conveyed onward it is also possible for the temperature of the (at least partially solidified) ash which has been conveyed onward to be influenced or set and/or for the air flow passing there to be influenced or set with respect to temperature.
- At least one burner is located adjacent to the at least one afterburning grate.
- This at least one burner is preferably operated with oil and/or gas and in particular serves in igniting unincinerated components of the ash on the at least one afterburning grate and in supporting the afterburning of the ash.
- the fraction of unincinerated components in the ash can be actively controlled in a particularly advantageous manner.
- the at least one afterburning grate is followed downstream by an ash conveyor which has a further incineration zone.
- a very compact and complete incineration of the fuel is made possible besides the primary incineration in the combustion chamber, the secondary incineration in the region of the afterburning grate, and a tertiary incineration in the ash conveyor, even in the case of fuels which are classified as being slow-burning.
- the available space is used highly efficiently and the effectiveness of the incinerator is considerably improved.
- openings may be located in the ash conveyor, through which afterburning air can flow at least partially through the ash.
- the position of the at least one afterburning grate is preferably adjustable. This means, in particular, that the at least one afterburning grate in the ash outlet and/or in the duct and/or funnel which is/are contiguous to the at least one ash outlet is at least partially height-adjustable and/or, for the at least partial removal of the ash from the at least one afterburning grate, can be at least partially pivoted and/or turned.
- the at least one main incineration grate has first passages or the at least one afterburning grate has second passages, wherein a size of the first passages or a size of the second passages is adjustable.
- the first passages and/or second passages serve, in particular, in enabling the throughflow of (combustion) gas, in particular oxygen, through the fuel and/or the ash.
- the first passages and/or second passages serve in removing fuels and/or ash from the combustion chamber and/or the at least one ash outlet.
- the adjustability of the size of the first passages and/or second passages it can be ensured that the ash can only fall through the at least one main incineration grate and/or at least one afterburning grate through the first passages and/or second passages once it has been incinerated to the extent that a grain size arises which is smaller than the size of the first passages and/or second passages.
- the adjustment of the size of the first passages and/or the adjustment of the size of the second passages can also serve in controlling an amount of oxygen which flows through the at least one main incineration grate and/or afterburning grate through the fuels and/or ash and/or into the combustion chamber.
- the size of the first passages is larger than the size of the second passages.
- a desired degree of preliminary incineration which is particularly suitable for subsequent afterburning, can be set in this case.
- a step e) is carried out, wherein the ash is then deposited onto an ash conveyor.
- step e) a simultaneous afterburning and cooling of the ash in the ash conveyor takes place during conveying, wherein particularly preferably ambient air is brought into contact in a counter-flowing manner with the ash.
- FIGURE shows a particularly preferred variant of an embodiment of the invention, but that said invention is not limited to said variant of an embodiment.
- FIGURE shows a particularly preferred variant of an embodiment of the invention, but that said invention is not limited to said variant of an embodiment.
- FIG. 1 shows an incinerator according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows an incinerator 1 having a combustion chamber 2 .
- the combustion chamber 2 is at least partially surrounded by a housing 3 and a combustion chamber floor 19 .
- Fuel 14 is filled into the combustion chamber 2 via a fuel funnel 20 and a fuel duct 15 .
- the fuel 14 is conveyed through the combustion chamber 2 by means of a fuel conveyor 16 which is at least vertically movable.
- the fuel 14 is incinerated at least partially to form ash 6 .
- the incineration emissions generated here rise upward in the combustion chamber 2 and flow through empty passes 17 of the incinerator 1 to pipe packages 18 which channel the thermal energy of the combustion gases to turbines which are not shown here.
- the combustion chamber floor 19 is at least partially configured with a main incineration grate 7 which has first passages 12 .
- the first passages 12 can be adjusted in their size and/or completely closed off and serve, in particular, in aerating the fuel 14 on the main incineration grate 7 .
- Fuel 14 and/or ash 6 which fall through the first passages 12 can be conveyed away toward a duct 23 and funnel 22 by a conveyor situated below said main incineration grate 7 .
- the combustion chamber 2 has an ash outlet 4 , under which the duct 23 extends up to the funnel 22 .
- the ash 6 is conveyed by the fuel conveyor 16 into the ash outlet 4 through which the ash 6 falls from a height 21 through the duct 23 onto an afterburning grate 5 .
- An afterburning of unincinerated components of the ash 6 takes place on the afterburning grate 5 , such that the fraction of unincinerated components of the ash 6 is reduced.
- a burner 9 is located in the region of the afterburning grate 5 .
- a cooling media with the aid of a cooling device 8 flows through said afterburning grate 5 .
- the afterburning grate 5 in addition has second passages 13 , the size of which is adjustable.
- the afterburnt ash falls through the second passages onto an ash conveyor 10 which is situated below, said ash conveyor 10 along its conveying path being configured as an afterburning zone 11 in which the unincinerated components of the afterburnt ash 6 are further reduced.
- the afterburning grate 5 is pivotable about an axis not shown here.
- the incinerator according to the invention and the method according to the invention for the incineration of fuels distinguish themselves in that the ashes produced in this manner have a particularly low fraction of unincinerated components and are thus particularly suitable for further processing.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
An incinerator has a combustion chamber which is at least partially surrounded by a housing. The combustion chamber has at least one ash outlet to which at least one afterburning grate for unincinerated components of the ash is assigned.
Description
- The present invention relates to an incinerator of the type of a carbon incinerator, refuse incinerator, a substitute fuel incinerator or a biomass incinerator.
- In plants of the aforementioned type, fuels, for example coal or refuse, are regularly incinerated. To this end, the fuels are incinerated on a fuel grate within a combustion chamber of the incinerator. In known incinerators it has emerged that the ash of the fuels which is produced in this case is often unsuitable for further processing, for example in the production of cement, because the grain size of the ash does not exhibit the required size and/or the ash exhibits an excessively high fraction of unincinerated components.
- It is therefore an object of the invention to at least partially solve the problems described with respect to the prior art and, in particular, to provide an incinerator with the aid of which combustion residue can be produced which has advantageous properties with respect to further processing. In addition, a method for incinerating fuels is to be indicated in which combustion residue is generated which has properties that are advantageous for further processing.
- These objects are achieved by an incinerator as claimed in
claim 1 and a method as claimed inclaim 10. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are indicated in the dependent claims. It is to be noted that the features which are individually indicated in the dependent claims may be combined with one another in any technologically meaningful manner and define further embodiments of the invention. Moreover, the features indicated in the claims will be rendered more precisely and explained in more detail in the description, with further preferred embodiments of the invention being presented. - The incinerator according to the invention has a combustion chamber which is at least partially surrounded by a housing, wherein the combustion chamber has at least one ash outlet to which at least one afterburning grate for unincinerated components of the ash is assigned.
- In the combustion chamber of the incinerator, fuels, such as in particular lignite, bituminous coal, refuse and/or substitute fuels, for example plastics and/or old tires, are incinerated in order to release thermal energy. This thermal energy is extracted from the incineration emissions by means of heat exchangers (for example pipe packages) and, for example, fed to turbines for the conversion of thermal energy into electric power. To this end, the fuel is fed via a fuel duct to the combustion chamber, where the fuel is incinerated. The combustion chamber is at least partially surrounded by a housing which is equipped with pipes holding coolant water (heat exchangers) and/or at least partially with a fireproof cladding. Subsequent to the almost complete primary incineration of the fuel in the combustion chamber, the ash of the fuel with the unincinerated components of the fuel contained therein is removed from the combustion chamber via at least one ash outlet. The at least one ash outlet is in particular a (closable) opening in the combustion chamber floor, through which the ash can be removed from the combustion chamber. For this, a combustion chamber floor is configured with, for example, an incline in the direction of the at least one ash outlet, and/or in the combustion chamber fuel conveyors, for example movable gates and/or roller conveyors and/or plate conveyors and/or chain conveyors are located with which the fuel and/or the ash can be conveyed towards the at least one ash outlet. The at least one ash outlet is followed downstream by a duct and/or a funnel, through which the ash with the unincinerated components of the fuel can be removed from the combustion chamber with the aid of gravity. In order to minimize the fraction of unincinerated components of the ash, it is thus in other words proposed that at least one afterburning grate is located in the at least one ash outlet and/or in the duct and/or funnel which is/are contiguous to the at least one ash outlet. This, in particular, also means that this afterburning grate is still part of the incinerator, thus in a region extending up to the discharge point onto a downstream ash conveyor which is mounted below the ash outlet. The at least one afterburning grate is a horizontal and/or at least partially inclined plane on which the ash having the unincinerated components at least partially comes to lie for a certain duration. The at least one afterburning grate is, in particular, configured in the manner of a roller grate, infeed grate, reciprocating grate, flat grate, traveling grate and/or step grate and/or consists at least partially of (hollow) tubes, (hollow) beams and/or grills.
- On account of gravity the ash falls through the at least one ash outlet onto the afterburning grate in the course of removing the ash from the combustion chamber, such that on account of the impact on the at least one afterburning grate the ash is at least partially reduced to small pieces and/or mixed through, and unincinerated components of the ash are released in this manner. To this end, the at least one afterburning grate is arranged such that the ash falls from a height of at least 1 meter, particularly preferably at least 2 meters, or most particularly preferably at least 3 meters from the combustion chamber onto the at least one afterburning grate. On the at least one afterburning grate the ash is subjected to an afterburning. This means, in particular, that the afterburning of the ash takes place at a temporal and/or physical distance from the (primary) incineration of the fuel in the combustion chamber and/or a reduction in the temperature of the ash takes place between the incineration in the combustion chamber and the afterburning on the at least one afterburning grate. For the purpose of afterburning the ash, the ash remains at least partially on the at least one afterburning grate until the unincinerated components of the ash have been reduced to a level which is advantageous for further processing of the ash. The permissible fraction of unincinerated components in the ash depends on the envisaged further processing of the ash and can be determined by a person skilled in the art by means of routine operations.
- The combustion chamber preferably has at least one main incineration grate.
- This main incineration grate at least partially forms the floor of the combustion chamber and is configured in the manner of a roller grate, infeed grate, reciprocating grate, flat grate, traveling grate and/or step grate. The at least one main incineration grate serves, in particular, in conveying the fuel through the combustion chamber, in particular toward the at least one ash outlet, and can, in particular, have passages for aerating the fuel on the main incineration grate.
- It is likewise advantageous for the at least one afterburning grate to be rigidly connected to the at least one ash outlet, or to a duct or funnel which is contiguous to the at least one ash outlet. This means, in particular, that the unincinerated components of the ash can be incinerated essentially motionlessly, once they have come to lie on the at least one afterburning grate.
- The at least one afterburning grate is preferably implemented with a cooling device. Here, this may, in particular, refer to an at least partial throughflow of a cooling medium through the at least one afterburning grate. In this manner, overheating of the at least one afterburning grate and thus damage can be prevented. In this manner, in the case, for example, of a direct firing in the region of the afterburning grate, it is also possible for the temperature of the (at least partially solidified) ash which has been conveyed onward to be influenced or set and/or for the air flow passing there to be influenced or set with respect to temperature.
- It is particularly advantageous for at least one burner to be located adjacent to the at least one afterburning grate. This at least one burner is preferably operated with oil and/or gas and in particular serves in igniting unincinerated components of the ash on the at least one afterburning grate and in supporting the afterburning of the ash. On account of this, the fraction of unincinerated components in the ash can be actively controlled in a particularly advantageous manner.
- It is likewise advantageous for the at least one afterburning grate to be followed downstream by an ash conveyor which has a further incineration zone. This means, in particular, that the ash which is conveyed by the ash conveyor is further incinerated on the ash conveyor and thus the fraction of unincinerated components in the ash is reduced even further. In this manner, a very compact and complete incineration of the fuel is made possible besides the primary incineration in the combustion chamber, the secondary incineration in the region of the afterburning grate, and a tertiary incineration in the ash conveyor, even in the case of fuels which are classified as being slow-burning. At the same time, the available space is used highly efficiently and the effectiveness of the incinerator is considerably improved. To this end, openings may be located in the ash conveyor, through which afterburning air can flow at least partially through the ash.
- The position of the at least one afterburning grate is preferably adjustable. This means, in particular, that the at least one afterburning grate in the ash outlet and/or in the duct and/or funnel which is/are contiguous to the at least one ash outlet is at least partially height-adjustable and/or, for the at least partial removal of the ash from the at least one afterburning grate, can be at least partially pivoted and/or turned.
- According to a further expedient embodiment, the at least one main incineration grate has first passages or the at least one afterburning grate has second passages, wherein a size of the first passages or a size of the second passages is adjustable. The first passages and/or second passages serve, in particular, in enabling the throughflow of (combustion) gas, in particular oxygen, through the fuel and/or the ash. Beyond this, the first passages and/or second passages serve in removing fuels and/or ash from the combustion chamber and/or the at least one ash outlet. On account of the adjustability of the size of the first passages and/or second passages it can be ensured that the ash can only fall through the at least one main incineration grate and/or at least one afterburning grate through the first passages and/or second passages once it has been incinerated to the extent that a grain size arises which is smaller than the size of the first passages and/or second passages. Beyond this, the adjustment of the size of the first passages and/or the adjustment of the size of the second passages can also serve in controlling an amount of oxygen which flows through the at least one main incineration grate and/or afterburning grate through the fuels and/or ash and/or into the combustion chamber.
- Preferably, the size of the first passages is larger than the size of the second passages. Via the size of the first passages, a desired degree of preliminary incineration, which is particularly suitable for subsequent afterburning, can be set in this case.
- Pursuant to a further aspect of the invention, a method for the incineration of fuels is also proposed, which has at least the following steps:
-
- a) providing fuel in a combustion chamber;
- b) at least partially incinerating the fuel in the combustion chamber to form ash;
- c) conveying the at least partially incinerated fuel and the ash to at least one afterburning grate which is assigned to an ash outlet of the combustion chamber;
- d) afterburning the at least partially incinerated fuel on the at least one afterburning grate.
- It has to be clarified that this method for the incineration of fuels is provided, in particular, for the incineration of fuels in an incinerator according to the invention.
- Accordingly, reference is made here to the description of the incinerator according to the invention.
- According to a preferred development of the method it is also provided that subsequently a step e) is carried out, wherein the ash is then deposited onto an ash conveyor.
- It is also viewed advantageously that, following step e), a simultaneous afterburning and cooling of the ash in the ash conveyor takes place during conveying, wherein particularly preferably ambient air is brought into contact in a counter-flowing manner with the ash.
- The invention and also the technical background are described in more detail in the following by means of the FIGURE. It should be mentioned that the FIGURE shows a particularly preferred variant of an embodiment of the invention, but that said invention is not limited to said variant of an embodiment. In a schematic illustration:
-
FIG. 1 : shows an incinerator according to the invention. -
FIG. 1 shows anincinerator 1 having acombustion chamber 2. Thecombustion chamber 2 is at least partially surrounded by ahousing 3 and acombustion chamber floor 19.Fuel 14 is filled into thecombustion chamber 2 via afuel funnel 20 and afuel duct 15. In the present exemplary embodiment, at the exit of thefuel duct 15, thefuel 14 is conveyed through thecombustion chamber 2 by means of afuel conveyor 16 which is at least vertically movable. In thecombustion chamber 2, thefuel 14 is incinerated at least partially to formash 6. The incineration emissions generated here rise upward in thecombustion chamber 2 and flow throughempty passes 17 of theincinerator 1 topipe packages 18 which channel the thermal energy of the combustion gases to turbines which are not shown here. Thecombustion chamber floor 19 is at least partially configured with amain incineration grate 7 which hasfirst passages 12. Thefirst passages 12 can be adjusted in their size and/or completely closed off and serve, in particular, in aerating thefuel 14 on themain incineration grate 7.Fuel 14 and/orash 6 which fall through thefirst passages 12 can be conveyed away toward aduct 23 and funnel 22 by a conveyor situated below saidmain incineration grate 7. Beyond this, thecombustion chamber 2 has anash outlet 4, under which theduct 23 extends up to thefunnel 22. Theash 6 is conveyed by thefuel conveyor 16 into theash outlet 4 through which theash 6 falls from aheight 21 through theduct 23 onto anafterburning grate 5. An afterburning of unincinerated components of theash 6 takes place on theafterburning grate 5, such that the fraction of unincinerated components of theash 6 is reduced. For aiding this afterburning, a burner 9 is located in the region of theafterburning grate 5. In order to prevent overheating of theafterburning grate 5, a cooling media with the aid of acooling device 8, schematically indicated here as dashed arrows, flows through saidafterburning grate 5. Theafterburning grate 5 in addition hassecond passages 13, the size of which is adjustable. The afterburnt ash falls through the second passages onto anash conveyor 10 which is situated below, saidash conveyor 10 along its conveying path being configured as anafterburning zone 11 in which the unincinerated components of theafterburnt ash 6 are further reduced. In order to be able to remove from theafterburning grate 5 ash particles having a larger diameter than thesecond passages 13, theafterburning grate 5 is pivotable about an axis not shown here. - The incinerator according to the invention and the method according to the invention for the incineration of fuels distinguish themselves in that the ashes produced in this manner have a particularly low fraction of unincinerated components and are thus particularly suitable for further processing.
- 1 incinerator
- 2 combustion chamber
- 3 housing
- 4 ash outlet
- 5 afterburning grate
- 6 ash
- 7 main incineration grate
- 8 cooling device
- 9 burner
- 10 ash conveyor
- 11 afterburning zone
- 12 first passages
- 13 second passages
- 14 fuel
- 15 fuel duct
- 16 fuel conveyor
- 17 empty passes
- 18 pipe packages
- 19 combustion chamber floor
- 20 fuel funnel
- 21 height
- 22 funnel
- 23 duct
Claims (12)
1. Incinerator having a combustion chamber which is at least partially surrounded by a housing, wherein the combustion chamber has at least one ash outlet to which at least one afterburning grate for unincinerated components of the ash is assigned.
2. Incinerator as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the combustion chamber has at least one main incineration grate.
3. Incinerator as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least one afterburning grate is rigidly connected to the at least one ash outlet, or to a duct or funnel which is contiguous to the at least one ash outlet.
4. Incinerator as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least one afterburning grate is implemented with a cooling device.
5. Incinerator as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least one burner is located adjacent to the at least one afterburning grate.
6. Incinerator as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the afterburning grate is followed downstream by an ash conveyor which has a further afterburning zone.
7. Incinerator as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the position of the at least one afterburning grate is adjustable.
8. Incinerator as claimed claim 7 , wherein the at least one main incineration grate has first passages or the at least one afterburning grate has second passages, wherein a size of the first passages or a size of the second passages is adjustable.
9. Incinerator as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the size of the first passages is larger than a second size of the second passages.
10. Method for the incineration of fuels having at least the following steps:
a) providing fuel in a combustion chamber;
b) at least partially incinerating the fuel in the combustion chamber to form ash;
c) conveying the at least partially incinerated fuel and the ash to at least one afterburning grate which is assigned to an ash outlet of the combustion chamber;
d) afterburning the at least partially incinerated fuel on the at least one afterburning grate.
11. Incinerator as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the at least one main incineration grate has first passages and the at least one afterburning grate has second passages, wherein a size of the first passages or a size of the second passages is adjustable.
12. Incinerator as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the size of the first passages is larger than a second size of the second passages.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102011015088.9 | 2011-03-25 | ||
DE102011015088A DE102011015088A1 (en) | 2011-03-25 | 2011-03-25 | Incinerator with afterburner grate |
PCT/EP2012/053501 WO2012130554A1 (en) | 2011-03-25 | 2012-03-01 | Incinerator having afterburner grate |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20140083339A1 true US20140083339A1 (en) | 2014-03-27 |
Family
ID=45808855
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/006,783 Abandoned US20140083339A1 (en) | 2011-03-25 | 2012-03-01 | Incinerator having afterburner grate |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20140083339A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2689187A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN103492807A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102011015088A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012130554A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA201307035B (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107676771A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2018-02-09 | 浙江爱立美能源科技有限公司 | A kind of strengthening combustion system |
CN114263909A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-01 | 宁夏环保集团有限责任公司 | Domestic garbage treatment device |
US11879639B2 (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2024-01-23 | Raymond Dueck | Fuel management system for a biomass furnace |
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US5320050A (en) * | 1992-06-24 | 1994-06-14 | Hitachi Zosen Corporation | Ash melting furnace |
US6112677A (en) * | 1996-03-07 | 2000-09-05 | Sevar Entsorgungsanlagen Gmbh | Down-draft fixed bed gasifier system and use thereof |
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CN87212973U (en) * | 1987-09-03 | 1988-07-13 | 冶金部建筑研究总院 | Garbage incinerator with reversed-direction burning |
CH688871A5 (en) * | 1994-05-16 | 1998-04-30 | Von Roll Umwelttechnik Ag | Process for the thermal energy from waste material, in particular garbage. |
JP2950754B2 (en) * | 1995-07-14 | 1999-09-20 | 株式会社プランテック | Method and equipment for melting incineration ash |
DE19961384A1 (en) * | 1999-12-20 | 2001-06-21 | Abb Alstom Power Ch Ag | Process for the thermal treatment of rust ash from waste incineration plants |
CN2663819Y (en) * | 2003-08-15 | 2004-12-15 | 赵水木 | Refuse incinerator |
CN100535520C (en) * | 2005-10-12 | 2009-09-02 | 伟明环保设备有限公司 | Reciprocating multi-row grate type domestic refuse incinerator |
CN100498067C (en) * | 2007-01-10 | 2009-06-10 | 深圳市埃玛特实业有限公司 | Incinerator for thermal decomposition of waste fuel |
DE102008054098A1 (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2010-05-06 | Clyde Bergemann Dryc0N Gmbh | Method and device for conveying material from a combustion boiler |
CN101788150B (en) * | 2010-01-26 | 2012-12-19 | 清华大学 | Roller fire grate garbage incinerator and preheating combustion method |
-
2011
- 2011-03-25 DE DE102011015088A patent/DE102011015088A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2012
- 2012-03-01 CN CN201280015178.2A patent/CN103492807A/en active Pending
- 2012-03-01 EP EP12707525.7A patent/EP2689187A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-03-01 US US14/006,783 patent/US20140083339A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-03-01 WO PCT/EP2012/053501 patent/WO2012130554A1/en active Application Filing
-
2013
- 2013-09-18 ZA ZA2013/07035A patent/ZA201307035B/en unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4292950A (en) * | 1977-06-03 | 1981-10-06 | Schossow George W | Gas burner system |
US5320050A (en) * | 1992-06-24 | 1994-06-14 | Hitachi Zosen Corporation | Ash melting furnace |
US6112677A (en) * | 1996-03-07 | 2000-09-05 | Sevar Entsorgungsanlagen Gmbh | Down-draft fixed bed gasifier system and use thereof |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107676771A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2018-02-09 | 浙江爱立美能源科技有限公司 | A kind of strengthening combustion system |
US11879639B2 (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2024-01-23 | Raymond Dueck | Fuel management system for a biomass furnace |
CN114263909A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-01 | 宁夏环保集团有限责任公司 | Domestic garbage treatment device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2012130554A1 (en) | 2012-10-04 |
DE102011015088A1 (en) | 2012-09-27 |
EP2689187A1 (en) | 2014-01-29 |
ZA201307035B (en) | 2014-05-28 |
CN103492807A (en) | 2014-01-01 |
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