KR101765779B1 - Vertical Cylindrical Incinerator of Waste Matter - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a vertical cylindrical waste incinerator, comprising: an incinerator main frame (10) which comprises: a waste inlet unit (11a) formed on a side surface of a top side, into which waste is put; a cylindrical combustion chamber (11) which comprises an ignition burner (11b) placed on a facing surface of a bottom side of the waste inlet unit (11a); and a conical rear chamber (12) placed on a bottom side of the combustion chamber (11); a plurality of buffer units (20) distanced from a direct bottom side of the waste inlet unit (11a) of the cylindrical combustion chamber (11) to buffer the waste put in from the waste inlet unit (11a) and to be installed from the outside to the inside of the incinerator main frame (10) in a horizontal direction to be parallel and positioned at regular intervals; a steam discharge unit (40) placed on the top side of the combustion chamber (11) of the incinerator main frame (10) to discharge steam; and an ash discharge unit (30) placed on the bottom side of the rear chamber (12) of the incinerator main frame (10) to discharge ash. The present invention is to provide a vertical cylindrical waste incinerator, which is capable of preventing a combustion surface from temporarily closing and making complete combustion possible.

Description

{Vertical Cylindrical Incinerator of Waste Matter}

The present invention relates to a method for preventing incomplete combustion due to temporary closure of a combustion surface caused by dropping directly to a combustion furnace when flammable waste is charged, Thereby improving the combustion efficiency of the vertical cylindrical waste incinerator.

Recently, the incidence of municipal waste has been increasing with the help of economic life. Among these municipal waste, combustible waste is selected and processed to produce steam and electricity by producing RDF (Solidification Fuel) and RPF (solid fuel produced by using waste plastic), which are new and renewable energy.

However, flammable wastes that are difficult to process selectively use incineration, which is one of the typical treatment methods for waste disposal. Incineration is an effective and lasting waste disposal method because incineration of combustible waste among incinfirable wastes can save volume and weight and save space of landfill than incineration of waste.

Waste incineration plants consist of a combustion facility that burns combustible components, a cooling waste heat recovery facility that recovers waste heat, a pollution prevention facility that treats air pollutants, water pollutants and ashes that occur, and a pretreatment facility that facilitates the supply of waste And one system is constituted by the facilities of

Flammable wastes with high water content in flammable wastes are subjected to a process of removing moisture contained in wastes using mechanical, thermal or biological techniques to increase calorific value.

However, it is a reality that such a waste water removal facility is not employed in most incineration facilities because it takes a long time and requires a large amount of facility cost and operation cost.

On the other hand, most of the incinerators are simple cylinders in which the combustion chamber is fixed. Vertical cylindrical incinerators, which do not require auxiliary fuel except for the initial preheating, require less facility cost and take up less space, are mainstream.

When flammable waste having a high moisture content, which has not been subjected to moisture removal in such a vertical cylindrical incineration apparatus, is directly injected into the combustion furnace, the combustible waste injected temporarily closes the combustion surface, resulting in incomplete combustion. There is a problem that exhaust gas generated increases and air pollutants due to incomplete combustion increase.

In addition, the waste water having a high water content has a problem that the burning efficiency is not high because it takes a long time to burn by the high moisture contained therein.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a vertical cylindrical waste incinerator capable of completely burning by preventing the combustion surface from being temporarily closed even when flammable waste having a high moisture content is input, .

Another object of the present invention is to provide a cushioning portion at a lower portion of a waste input portion to buffer a combustible waste having a high moisture content so that a part of the waste is introduced into a lower portion of a combustion furnace, And to be supplied to the lower part of the combustion furnace, thereby improving the combustion efficiency, and to provide a vertical cylindrical waste incineration plant.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a vertical cylindrical waste incineration plant which is provided with a water-cooled type so as to prevent thermal deformation of the cushion and can utilize waste heat.

In order to accomplish the above object, the vertical cylindrical waste incineration plant of the present invention is provided with a waste input portion 11a into which waste is injected at an upper side portion, An incinerator body 10 having a cylindrical combustion chamber 11 provided with a burner 11b and a post 12 formed in a cone shape below the combustion chamber 11; The waste is injected from the waste input portion 11a to be buried in the lower portion of the combustion chamber 11 directly below the waste input portion 11a and is horizontally installed outside the incinerator body 10 A plurality of water-cooled buffers 20 installed parallel to each other at regular intervals; An exhaust gas discharging part 50 provided on the combustion chamber 11 of the incinerator body 10 for discharging exhaust gas; And a discharge unit 30 provided at a lower portion of the rear chamber 12 of the incinerator main body 10 to discharge the ashes.

In addition, the buffer 20 may be sloped down to 5 to 15 degrees.

The inner end of the buffer portion 20 is installed above the central portion of the combustion chamber so that the buffer portion 20 covers an upper portion corresponding to a half of the cross section of the combustion chamber.

In addition, the water supplied from the water level tank 17 is supplied to the rear water cooling unit 16, which is in contact with the rear room, is subjected to primary heat exchange and then flows into the upper water separation tank 15 and is connected to the water separation tank 15 The cushioning portion is subjected to secondary heat exchange by the high heat generated in the combustion chamber and used for hot water or thermal power generation, so that the waste heat can be recycled. In addition, the water vapor after heat exchange and recycled in the after-water cooling unit and the buffer unit flows into the water separator 40 and is separated into gas and liquid and flows back into the water level tank, so that the waste heat discharged to the outside can be reduced, .

The buffering portion 20 is connected to an inflow pipe 21 which is a hollow pipe and whose inner end is circulated from the water separation tank 15, And the outer end is installed inside the water separation tank 15 so as to be circulated to the water separation tank 15 so as to be water cooled so as to prevent damage due to heat generated in the combustion chamber 11. [

A plurality of air supply nozzles 11e and 12a spaced upward and downward from the combustion chamber 11 and the rear chamber 12 to be radially spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction and to introduce air into the combustion chamber 11 and the rear chamber 12, .

Each of the air supply nozzles 11e and 12a is installed at a predetermined angle to generate vortex in the combustion chamber and the rear chamber.

The re-discharge unit 30 includes upper and lower opening and closing plates 31 and 32 spaced apart from each other at upper and lower portions and installed parallel to each other in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the rear chamber 12 and upper and lower opening and closing plates 31 and 32 Each of the upper and lower cylinders 33 and 34 is slidably moved to open and close the upper and lower cylinders 33 and 34. The upper and lower cylinders 33 and 34 have a volume considering a discharge of a predetermined amount of soft material. .

The upper cylinder 33 and the lower cylinder 34 are opposed to each other so that the opening and closing directions of the upper opening and closing plate 31 and the opening and closing directions of the lower opening and closing plate 32 are opposite to each other .

In the vertical cylindrical waste incinerator of the present invention constructed as described above, the buffer part 20 cushions the waste to be dropped, thereby temporarily covering the waste burnt down to prevent temporary closure of the combustion surface, . In addition, since the waste remaining by the cushioning parts 20 is burned through the primary drying, complete combustion can be performed even if the waste having a high water content is incinerated. In addition, since the waste remaining in the buffer 20 is burned through the primary drying, the burning speed can be increased to maximize the combustion efficiency as compared with burning only at the lower part of the combustion chamber.

In addition, the water supplied from the water level tank is supplied to the rear water cooling unit which is in contact with the rear room, and is subjected to the primary heat exchange and then flows into the upper water separation tank. The buffer unit connected to the water separation tank performs the secondary heat exchange And the waste heat can be recycled because it is used for hot water or thermal power generation. In addition, the water vapor generated by heat exchange with the posterior water cooling portion and the buffer portion is separated by the water separator and re-introduced into the water level tank, so that the waste heat discharged to the outside can be reduced.

In addition, cooling and buffering of the buffer zone and the post chamber by heat exchange can prevent formation and attachment of clinker.

In addition, it is possible to reduce the ignition loss by allowing the ash to be discharged at a predetermined period of time according to the amount of generated soft material.

In addition, the combustion air can be supplied at a high pressure through the air supply nozzle, whereby the complete combustion can be realized.

1 to 4 are views showing the internal structure of the vertical cylindrical waste incineration apparatus of the present invention.
5 is a cross-sectional view of a combustion chamber with a cushion in the vertical cylindrical waste incineration apparatus of the present invention.
6 is a cross-sectional view showing a combustion chamber in which an air supply nozzle is installed in the vertical cylindrical waste incineration apparatus of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the vertical cylindrical waste incineration plant of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a combustion chamber provided with a cushioning portion in the vertical cylindrical waste incineration apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the vertical cylindrical- Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a combustion chamber provided with an air supply nozzle in a waste incineration apparatus.

1 to 4, the vertical cylindrical waste incineration apparatus 100 according to the present invention includes an incinerator body 10; A buffering portion 20; An exhaust gas outlet 50; And a re-discharge unit (30). When the incineration water is transferred by the conveyor or the crane to the hopper 1 for inputting the incineration water, the waste is introduced into the waste input portion 11a by the lower input supply facility such as a pusher or the like.

A slide gate 2 is provided under the hopper 1 to supply the incineration water injected into the hopper 1 to a lower injection supply facility such as the pusher 3. When the waste is introduced by the pusher 3, So that the inflow of air into the main body 10 is blocked. The pusher 3 is an air cylinder driving system for injecting incineration water into the incinerator main body 10 and the waste door opening portion 11a is provided with a closing door opening and closing portion 4.

The incinerator main body 10 is provided with a combustion chamber 11, a back chamber 12, and a secondary combustion chamber 14.

The combustion chamber 11 is provided with a waste input portion 11a into which waste is injected at an upper side portion and an ignition burner 11b provided at a lower opposing face of the waste input portion 11a, And the inner wall of the combustion chamber 11 becomes a refractory material.

The ignition burner 11b is installed to ignite incineration water and raise the temperature of the initial combustion chamber.

The combustion chamber 11 is provided with a sight window 11c for observing the combustion state inside the combustion chamber 11 and a check door 11d for maintenance and cleaning of the incinerator.

A secondary combustion chamber 14 is installed in the upper part of the combustion chamber 11 and a combustion burner 14a capable of maintaining the temperature of the combustion chamber outlet at 800 ° C or higher is installed without incineration of waste during the initial operation of the incinerator.

The rear chamber (12) is provided in the lower portion of the combustion chamber (11) and has a cone shape.

In the combustion chamber 11, the large-size waste is burned and falls downward, and the fallen waste is burned in the posterior chamber 12.

The cushioning portion 20 is spaced below the waste input portion 11a of the cylindrical combustion chamber 11 and serves to buffer the waste that is dropped from the waste input portion 11a.

The buffer part 20 is installed inside the incinerator body 10 in the horizontal direction inside the furnace body 10, and is installed parallel to each other at a predetermined interval.

When the waste is introduced into the waste input portion 11a and dropped, the waste is firstly buffered by the buffer 20, and some of the small waste falls into the space between the buffer portions 20, The waste remains without being dropped by the buffer portions 20. The waste remaining by the cushioning parts 20 is burned while being dried, and the unburned combustible material which has been burned down falls through the flame layer to the space between the cushioning parts 20. As a result, the cushioning portion 20 completely cushes the waste to be dropped, thereby temporarily covering the waste burnt in the lower portion to prevent temporary closure of the combustion surface, thereby enabling complete combustion. In addition, since the waste remaining by the cushioning parts 20 is burned through the primary drying, complete combustion can be performed even if the waste having a high water content is incinerated. In addition, since the waste remaining in the buffer 20 is burned through the primary drying, the burning speed can be increased to maximize the combustion efficiency as compared with burning only at the lower part of the combustion chamber.

The exhaust gas discharge unit 50 is provided on the horizontal plane of the incinerator main body 10 and the secondary combustion chamber 14 and discharges the exhaust gas.

The ash discharge unit 30 is provided in the lower part of the rear chamber 12 of the incinerator body 10 and discharges ashes.

In addition, it is preferable that the cushioning portion 20 is installed to be inclined down to 5 to 15 degrees.

The reason why the buffer part 20 is sloped downwardly is to guide the waste left by the buffer parts 20 to fall down to the lower part of the combustion chamber when the waste is dried and burned and the waste becomes small.

If the inclination angle of the buffer part 20 is too small, the waste remains by the buffer part 20. If the inclination angle of the buffer part 20 is too large, the buffer parts 20 It is preferable to have a proper inclination angle since the waste does not remain and the buffer portion 20 immediately falls down to the lower portion of the combustion chamber so that the combustion surface may be temporarily closed by the fallen waste.

In addition, the inner end of the cushion 20 is preferably installed above the center of the combustion chamber so that the cushion 20 covers an upper portion corresponding to a half of the cross-section of the combustion chamber.

The reason why the buffer portion 20 covers the upper portion corresponding to the half of the cross section of the combustion chamber is that the waste input portion 11a is provided on the upper side surface portion of the combustion chamber so that it is not necessary to cover the entire cross section of the combustion chamber.

In addition, a water level tank (17) is provided to recover the heat generated in the posterior chamber (12) and use it for hot water or thermal power generation. A posterior water cooling portion 16; A ninth water separation tank 15; And a water separation unit 40. [

The rear water cooling unit 16 is supplied with water from the water supply level tank 17 and is disposed in contact with the outside of the rear chamber 12 to perform heat exchange with heat generated from the rear chamber 12. [

The water separator tank 15 is connected to the rear water cooling unit 16 and serves to make the heat-exchanged water used as hot water or heat power and exhaust the steam to the outside.

The water separator 40 separates the steam supplied from the water separator tank 15 and separates the supplied steam to circulate the condensed water to the water level tank 17 and discharges the residual steam to the outside .

Since the buffer part 20 is installed in the combustion chamber 11 at a high temperature, thermal deformation is generated. To prevent this, the buffer 20 is cooled.

The buffering part 20 is a hollow pipe and its inner end is connected to an inflow pipe 21 through which the water supplied from the water separation tank 15 flows (refer to FIG. 5) An outer end portion of the tube is installed inside the water separation tank 15 so that the water introduced from the tube 21 can be circulated to the water separation tank 15 and the thermal deformation due to the high temperature generated in the combustion chamber 11 Water-cooled.

At this time, the water cooled by the buffer 20 is circulated to the water separation tank 15 to heat the water contained in the water separation tank 15.

The water heat-exchanged from the water separation tank 15 by the rear water cooling unit 16 and the buffer unit 20 is used for hot water or thermal power generation.

As described above, the water supplied from the water level tank 17 is supplied to the rear water cooling unit 16 provided at the lower part and is subjected to the primary heat exchange. Thereafter, the water flows into the water separation tank provided at the upper part, The secondary heat exchange is performed by the high heat generated in the additional combustion chamber to be used for the hot water or the thermal power generation, so that the waste heat can be recycled.

The water vapor separated from the water separation tank 15 flows into the water separator 40 and is subjected to gas-liquid separation. A portion of the water vapor condenses and the condensed water flows into the water supply level tank 17 and is recirculated. ) Is discharged to the outside.

Since the water vapor separated from the water separating tank 15 is separated by the water separator and the condensed water is reintroduced into the water level tank, the waste heat discharged to the outside can be reduced, and the waste heat can be utilized to the maximum.

In addition, cooling and buffering by the heat exchange can prevent the clinker from being formed and adhered thereto.

High-pressure air is introduced into the combustion chamber 11 and the rear chamber 12 to increase the combustion efficiency. For this, a plurality of air supply nozzles 11e, which are spaced apart from each other at a predetermined interval in the inner wall of the combustion chamber 11 and the rear chamber 12, are radially spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction, 12a. The combustion air is supplied at a high pressure through the air supply nozzles 11e and 12a to be completely burned.

At this time, it is preferable that each of the air supply nozzles 11e and 12a is installed at a certain angle so as to generate vortex in the combustion chamber 11 and the rear chamber 12 (refer to FIG. 6). If a vortex is generated in the combustion chamber 11 and the rear chamber 12, the combustion efficiency can be increased.

The re-discharge unit 30 includes upper and lower opening and closing plates 31 and 32 spaced apart from each other at upper and lower portions and installed parallel to each other in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the rear chamber 12 and upper and lower opening and closing plates 31 and 32 Upper and lower cylinders 33 and 34 for slidingly opening and closing, respectively.

The upper and lower openers 31 and 32 are designed to have a volume taking into account a certain amount of soft material discharge. The upper and lower cylinders 33 and 34 are operated with a predetermined period of time according to the amount of generated soft material, So that the ignition loss can be reduced.

If the re-discharge unit 30 is provided in a double structure, the airtightness can be enhanced and the heat loss from the rear chamber 12 can be prevented.

It is preferable that the upper cylinder 33 and the lower cylinder 34 are opposed to each other such that the opening and closing directions of the upper opening and closing plate 31 and the opening and closing directions of the lower opening and closing plate 32 are opposite to each other. When the opening and closing directions of the upper opening and closing plate 31 and the opening and closing directions of the lower opening and closing plate 32 are opposite to each other, the airtightness can be further increased.

The technical idea should not be interpreted as being limited to the above-described embodiment of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Accordingly, such modifications and changes are within the scope of protection of the present invention as long as it is obvious to those skilled in the art.

1: hopper 2: slide gate
3: pusher 4: closing door opening / closing part
10: incinerator body 11: combustion chamber
11a: waste input portion 11b: burner for burning
11c: view window 11d: inspection door
11e, 12a: air supply nozzle 12:
14: Secondary combustion chamber 14a: Auxiliary burner
15: nose water separation tank 16:
17: Water level tank 20: Buffer
21: inlet pipe 30:
31, 32: upper and lower opening / closing plates 33, 34: upper and lower cylinder
40: Water separator

Claims (9)

delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete A cylindrical combustion chamber 11 provided with an incineration burner 11b provided on a lower opposing surface of the waste incineration section 11a and a waste incineration section 11a into which waste is injected at an upper side portion, An incinerator main body 10 provided under the combustion chamber 11 and having a cone shaped cone 12;
The waste incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the waste incinerator (10) is installed in the cylindrical combustion chamber (11) directly below the waste incinerator (11a) The waste material injected from the waste water tank 11a is buffered so as to temporarily cover the waste material burnt in the lower portion to prevent the waste material from temporarily closing the combustion surface while allowing some of the waste material to fall down into the separated space, A plurality of buffer portions 20 for causing the waste to be primarily dried and burnt;
An exhaust gas discharging part 50 provided on the combustion chamber 11 of the incinerator body 10 for discharging exhaust gas;
And an ash discharge unit (30) disposed under the rear chamber (12) of the incinerator body (10) to discharge the ash,
The buffer part 20 is installed to be inclined down to 5 to 15 degrees,
The inner end of the buffer portion 20 is installed above the central portion of the combustion chamber so that the buffer portion 20 covers an upper portion corresponding to a half of the cross section of the combustion chamber,
A water level tank (17);
A rear water cooling unit 16 for supplying water from the water level tank 17 and contacting the outside of the rear chamber 12 to exchange heat with heat generated from the rear chamber 12;
A water separation tank 15 connected to the rear water cooling unit 16 and adapted to use the heat-exchanged water as hot water or heat power and to discharge the steam to the outside;
A water separation unit 40 for circulating the condensed water to the water level tank 17 and allowing the residual steam to be discharged to the outside by supplying the steam discharged from the water separation tank 15 and separating the supplied steam by the gas- ; ≪ / RTI >
The buffer part (20)
And an inner end of the hollow pipe is connected to an inflow pipe 21 through which water supplied from the water separation tank 15 is circulated and water introduced from the inflow pipe 21 flows into the water separation tank 15, The outer end of which is installed inside the water separation tank 15 to be water-cooled so as to prevent damage due to heat generated in the combustion chamber 11,
The re-discharge portion (30)
Upper and lower opening and closing plates 31 and 32 spaced apart from each other at upper and lower portions and installed parallel to each other in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the rear chamber 12,
Upper and lower cylinders (33, 34) for slidingly opening and closing the upper and lower opening / closing plates (31, 32), respectively,
The upper cylinder 33 and the lower cylinder 34 are opposed to each other so that the opening and closing directions of the upper opening and closing plate 31 and the opening and closing directions of the lower opening and closing plate 32 are opposite to each other. Waste incinerator.

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