CN212644614U

CN212644614U - Combustion device of garbage incinerator

Info

Publication number: CN212644614U
Application number: CN202021148542.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡丹; 袁荣超; 张卫键; 潘绍恒; 庄宇刚
Original assignee: GUANGZHOU GUANGZHONG ENTERPRISE GROUP CORP
Current assignee: GUANGZHOU GUANGZHONG ENTERPRISE GROUP CORP
Priority date: 2020-06-19
Filing date: 2020-06-19
Publication date: 2021-03-02
Anticipated expiration: 2030-06-19

Abstract

A garbage incinerator combustion device is characterized in that garbage enters from a feed hopper at a feed inlet of a furnace body and then falls onto a grate through a thruster, the grate is provided with a plurality of grates and is sequentially arranged in an inclined mode in multiple stages, gaps are reserved between grate pieces of each grate, vent holes are further formed in the grate pieces, a slag leaking hopper is arranged below the grate, the middle of the slag leaking hopper is connected with an air distribution mechanism, the bottom of the slag leaking hopper is an ash outlet for sending ash, air required by combustion can enter the grate through the gaps between the slag leaking hopper and the grate pieces, and part of ash generated in the combustion process of the grate can be discharged through the slag leaking hopper until the ash is burnt by the grate at the bottom layer and then enters an ash collector and is finally sent. The combustion device of the garbage incinerator has the advantages of simple structure, low precision and manufacturing requirement, effective guarantee of the incineration quality of garbage, and effective guarantee of the discharge and treatment of ash residues.

Description

Combustion device of garbage incinerator

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a waste incineration equipment technical field especially relates to a waste incinerator's burner.

Background

Incineration treatment is the main mode of municipal domestic waste treatment at present, and three goals of harmlessness, reduction and recycling of the waste can be realized by adopting the incineration treatment on the waste. In order to ensure that the garbage with high moisture and high ash content can be stably combusted and burned out, a high-quality and high-efficiency combustion device of the incinerator plays an important role. The garbage incinerator has been developed for many years, and comprises various forms such as a circulating fluidized bed type and a grate type, but high-calorific-value fuels such as coal and the like need to be mixed and burnt in the working process of the circulating fluidized bed type, so that the efficiency of the garbage incinerator is extremely low and the garbage incinerator is gradually eliminated; the fire grate type incinerator has high manufacturing process requirement, complex structure and difficult maintenance, and is difficult to effectively popularize and use.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the utility model is to provide a simple structure and burning efficient waste incinerator burner to reduce the grate type and burn the manufacturing degree of difficulty of burning furnace, and improve the garbage combustion effect.

The utility model relates to a combustion device of a garbage incinerator, which comprises a furnace body used for incinerating garbage, wherein a plurality of obliquely arranged grates are arranged in the furnace body, all grates are sequentially arranged in a step shape, and an ash collector is arranged below the outlet of the bottom grate; a feed inlet for inputting the garbage is arranged on the furnace body, and a feed hopper for guiding the garbage into the feed inlet is arranged at the feed inlet; a pusher for pushing garbage is arranged below the feed inlet, and the outlet end of the pusher is positioned above the top end of the top grate; the lower part of each fire grate is respectively provided with a slag leaking hopper, the top of the slag leaking hopper is provided with an ash inlet and is opposite to the bottom of the fire grate, the middle part of the slag leaking hopper is communicated with an air distribution mechanism for feeding air, and the bottom of the slag leaking hopper is provided with an ash outlet for feeding ash.

The utility model discloses a waste incinerator burner, feeder hopper are installed in the feed inlet of furnace body, and the rubbish that waits to burn is sent into the feeder hopper through waste conveying equipment, then drops to on the stoker along the feeder hopper, and then, the stoker pushes the rubbish that piles up on it into the grate on top layer, and the grate carries out incineration disposal to rubbish on one hand, continues to carry rubbish to the grate of next floor on the other hand, becomes the lime-ash and falls to the ashes collector after the rubbish burns through all grates; each stage of grate sequentially comprises a drying grate, a first-stage combustion grate, a second-stage combustion grate, … … and a bottom burning grate; in the process, air required by combustion is sent into the fire grates through the slag leakage hopper by the air distribution mechanism, and meanwhile, ash residues generated during the incineration of each stage of fire grates fall from the fire grates to the ash inlet of the slag leakage hopper, are sent out from the ash outlet through the slag leakage hopper, and are finally sent to external ash residue treatment equipment together with the ash in the ash collector for treatment. This waste incinerator burner simple structure and precision and manufacturing requirement are lower, and it burns rubbish through the setting of multistage grate, can effectively guarantee the burning quality of rubbish, leaks the sediment fill and can regard as combustion air's input device on the one hand, and on the other hand can effectively accept the lime-ash that grate at different levels burns the in-process and produce again, has effectively guaranteed the discharge and the processing of lime-ash.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a combustion apparatus of a garbage incinerator.

Fig. 2 and 4 are partial schematic structural views of the combustion apparatus of the garbage incinerator shown in fig. 1.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the operation of the pusher.

Fig. 5 and 6 are schematic structural views of the fire grate segments and the vent holes on the fire grate segments.

Detailed Description

A combustion device of a garbage incinerator comprises a furnace body 1 used for incinerating garbage, a plurality of obliquely arranged grates 2 are arranged in the furnace body, all grates are sequentially arranged in a step shape, and an ash collector 3 is arranged below an outlet of the grate at the bottommost layer; a feed inlet for inputting the garbage is arranged on the furnace body, and a feed hopper 4 for guiding the garbage into the feed inlet is arranged at the feed inlet; a pusher 5 for pushing garbage is arranged below the feed inlet, and the outlet end of the pusher is positioned above the top end of the top grate; the lower part of each fire grate is respectively provided with a slag leaking hopper 6, the top of the slag leaking hopper is provided with an ash inlet and is opposite to the bottom of the fire grate, the middle part of the slag leaking hopper is communicated with an air distribution mechanism for feeding air, and the bottom of the slag leaking hopper is provided with an ash outlet for feeding ash.

As shown in fig. 1-6, the feeding hopper is installed at the feeding port of the furnace body, the garbage to be incinerated is fed into the feeding hopper through the garbage conveying equipment, and then falls onto the pusher along the feeding hopper, and then the pusher pushes the garbage stacked on the pusher into the top grate, on one hand, the grate carries out incineration treatment on the garbage, on the other hand, the garbage is continuously conveyed to the next grate, until the garbage is incinerated by all the grates to form ash and slag and falls to the ash collector; each stage of grate sequentially comprises a drying grate, a first-stage combustion grate, a second-stage combustion grate, … … and a bottom burning grate; in the process, air required by combustion is sent into the fire grates through the slag leakage hopper by the air distribution mechanism, and meanwhile, ash residues generated during the incineration of each stage of fire grates fall from the fire grates to the ash inlet of the slag leakage hopper, are sent out from the ash outlet through the slag leakage hopper, and are finally sent to external ash residue treatment equipment together with the ash in the ash collector for treatment.

Waste incinerator burner, the bottom of feeder hopper 4 is provided with the chute, and the chute is big end down's the structure of falling loudspeaker to prevent that the rubbish in the feeder hopper from producing the extrusion and causing the bridging phenomenon, in addition, still install the water jacket that lets in the cooling water on the chute, cause the feeder hopper to damage because of burning heat radiation or direct contact flame. Besides, a baffle plate 41 capable of closing the outlet and a baffle plate driver 42 driving the baffle plate to work are installed at the bottom outlet of the feeding hopper 4, the baffle plate 41 is hinged on the feeding hopper 4, as shown in fig. 2, when the incinerator is started from a cold state, the baffle plate is closed to prevent cold air from permeating into the incinerator, thereby reducing the heating time required for opening the incinerator; when the incinerator is in normal operation, the baffle can be opened for garbage to enter; if the fire happens in the hopper during the operation of the incinerator, the baffle can be closed to ensure the safety of the garbage pit; and if the chute is blocked due to bridging, the baffle can be dredged by repeatedly beating the blocked garbage.

In the combustion device of the garbage incinerator, the pusher 5 comprises a pushing rod 51 capable of moving linearly, a pushing plate 52 arranged at the tail end of the pushing rod, and position detectors opposite to different positions on the moving path of the pushing plate, as shown in fig. 3, for example, the detectors are arranged at the limit positions P, Q at the two ends of the moving path to ensure the working stability and accuracy, and meanwhile, the detector can be arranged at the middle section M of the moving path to ensure that the detector is always positioned in the working effective stroke.

In the combustion device of the garbage incinerator, each fire grate 2 comprises a plurality of fire grate segments 21, gaps are reserved between adjacent fire grate segments, and the fire grate segments are also provided with vent holes 22 communicated to the bottom of the fire grate, so that air required by combustion enters the fire grate through the gaps between the fire grate segments, and part of ash slag generated during incineration can fall to a slag leakage hopper from the gaps between the fire grate segments; the arrangement of the vent holes can ensure that the fed air meets the requirement of the primary air ventilation rate of the fire grate, so that the garbage is more fully incinerated. In addition, the grate segments adjacent to the wall of the inner wall of the furnace body 1 on each grate 2 are movable grate segments capable of moving transversely, the grate segments in the middle of the grate are arranged in a staggered mode in sequence by fixed grate segments and movable grate segments which are fixedly arranged, and through the movement of the movable grate segments and the fixed grate segments, objects such as soil, sand or nails can be smoothly dispersed and dropped, so that gaps among the grate segments can be blocked. A fall partition wall 7 is arranged between the bottom of the upper-stage grate 2 and the top of the lower-stage grate, and one side face, facing the grates, of the fall partition wall is vertical, so that the incinerated garbage can roll, mix, loosen and the like when falling from the upper-stage grate, and the combustion efficiency of the garbage is improved. The fall partition wall 7 is provided with a partition wall cooling mechanism to reduce the temperature of the fall partition wall, thereby avoiding the influence on the service life of the two-stage fire grate due to the thermal stress generated at the joint of the two-stage fire grate due to high temperature.

The garbage incinerator burner, air distribution mechanism include air inlet house steward, and with leak 6 consistent branch pipelines of sediment fill quantity, each branch pipeline connects air inlet house steward and different sediment fill respectively to send into the required air of burning more evenly and accurately. Install furnace wall cooling body 8 on the furnace wall of furnace body 1, partition wall cooling body and furnace wall cooling body be the air-cooled mechanism that lets in the cooling air, the air-supply line that the air inlet main pipe that the cold air was arranged by the air distribution mechanism is introduced to be the array and is arranged the pipe diameter blows in, the array is arranged and can is played even refrigerated effect, in addition, the air-supply line slope is arranged, forms the wall wind that pastes, reducible influence to the main combustion area of grate.

The garbage incinerator combustion device is characterized in that an ignition burner 9 is arranged above a top grate 2 on a furnace body 1, an auxiliary burner 10 is further arranged on a furnace wall of the furnace body, and garbage in the incinerator is combusted through the ignition burner and the auxiliary burner in the furnace starting stage, so that the generation amount of dioxin in the furnace starting period can be effectively reduced, and the pollution to the environment is reduced.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a waste incinerator burner, includes inside furnace body (1) that is used for burning rubbish, installs grate (2) that a plurality of slope set up in the furnace body, and all grates set gradually its characterized in that with the echelonment: an ash collector (3) is arranged below the outlet of the lowest grate; a feed inlet for inputting the garbage is arranged on the furnace body, and a feed hopper (4) for guiding the garbage into the feed inlet is arranged at the feed inlet; a pusher (5) for pushing garbage is arranged below the feed inlet, and the outlet end of the pusher is positioned above the top end of the top grate; the lower part of each fire grate is respectively provided with a slag leaking hopper (6), the top of the slag leaking hopper is provided with an ash inlet and is opposite to the bottom of the fire grate, the middle part of the slag leaking hopper is communicated with an air distribution mechanism for feeding air, and the bottom of the slag leaking hopper is provided with an ash outlet for feeding ash.

2. The combustion apparatus of a garbage incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: each fire grate (2) comprises a plurality of fire grate segments (21), and gaps are reserved between adjacent fire grate segments.

3. The combustion apparatus of a garbage incinerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: the fire grate segment (21) is provided with a vent hole (22) communicated with the bottom of the fire grate.

4. A waste incinerator combustion apparatus as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein: the fire grate segments on each fire grate (2) adjacent to the wall of the inner wall of the furnace body (1) are movable fire grate segments capable of moving transversely, and the fire grate segments in the middle of the fire grate are arranged in a staggered mode in sequence by fixedly arranged fixed fire grate segments and movable fire grate segments.

5. A waste incinerator combustion apparatus as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein: a fall partition wall (7) is arranged between the bottom of the upper-stage grate (2) and the top of the lower-stage grate, and one side surface of the fall partition wall facing the grates is vertical.

6. The combustion apparatus of a garbage incinerator according to claim 5, characterized in that: the fall partition wall (7) is provided with a partition wall cooling mechanism.

7. The combustion apparatus of a garbage incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: a baffle plate 41 capable of closing the outlet and a baffle plate driver (42) for driving the baffle plate to work are arranged at the bottom outlet of the feed hopper (4).

8. The waste incinerator combustion apparatus as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: the baffle (41) is hinged on the feed hopper (4).

9. The combustion apparatus of a garbage incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the furnace wall of the furnace body (1) is provided with a furnace wall cooling mechanism (8).

10. The combustion apparatus of a garbage incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: an ignition burner (9) is arranged above the top grate (2) on the furnace body (1), and an auxiliary burner (10) is also arranged on the furnace wall of the furnace body.