US20140000535A1 - Metallurgical plant with efficient waste-heat utilization - Google Patents

Metallurgical plant with efficient waste-heat utilization Download PDF

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Publication number
US20140000535A1
US20140000535A1 US14/005,658 US201214005658A US2014000535A1 US 20140000535 A1 US20140000535 A1 US 20140000535A1 US 201214005658 A US201214005658 A US 201214005658A US 2014000535 A1 US2014000535 A1 US 2014000535A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
gas
plant
heating
upstream
firing device
Prior art date
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Abandoned
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US14/005,658
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert Millner
Gerald Rosenfellner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH
Original Assignee
SIEMENS VAI METALS TECHNOLOGIES GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Assigned to SIEMENS VAI METALS TECHNOLOGIES GMBH reassignment SIEMENS VAI METALS TECHNOLOGIES GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MILLNER, ROBERT, ROSENFELLNER, GERALD
Publication of US20140000535A1 publication Critical patent/US20140000535A1/en
Assigned to Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH reassignment Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SIEMENS VAI METALS TECHNOLOGIES GMBH
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F22B1/183—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines in combination with metallurgical converter installations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
    • C21B5/06—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace using top gas in the blast furnace process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/14—Multi-stage processes processes carried out in different vessels or furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/008—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases cleaning gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
    • C21B2100/20—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases
    • C21B2100/28—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases by separation
    • C21B2100/282—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases by separation of carbon dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
    • C21B2100/60—Process control or energy utilisation in the manufacture of iron or steel
    • C21B2100/62—Energy conversion other than by heat exchange, e.g. by use of exhaust gas in energy production
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
    • C21B2100/60—Process control or energy utilisation in the manufacture of iron or steel
    • C21B2100/66—Heat exchange
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/56—Manufacture of steel by other methods
    • C21C5/562—Manufacture of steel by other methods starting from scrap
    • C21C5/565—Preheating of scrap
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
    • Y02P10/122—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions by capturing or storing CO2
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
    • Y02P10/134—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions by avoiding CO2, e.g. using hydrogen
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an operating method for a metallurgical plant that has a plant disposed upstream of a steelmaking plant in the production process for steel and a gas-generating plant which generates an export gas,
  • the present invention further relates to a metallurgical plant.
  • waste heat In metallurgical plants, in particular in plants in the iron- and steelmaking industry, there is a requirement for large amounts of thermal energy at high temperatures. Large amounts of waste heat therefore accumulate in plants of said kind. Part of the waste heat being generated is already utilized for preheating intermediate products—in particular process gases—accumulating or to be processed inside the metallurgical plant. Part of the waste heat is also utilized already for driving an electric generator in addition to a downstream turbine by way of a steam-generating device.
  • One potential object relates to providing possibilities for more efficient utilization of a metallurgical plant of the type cited in the introduction.
  • the inventors propose an operating method for a metallurgical plant of the type cited in the introduction in such a way
  • the flue gas resulting during the combustion of the heating gas is used for steam generation in the first instance, and only thereafter for heating the product gas.
  • thermal energy of the flue gas is sufficiently great, it is possible to use the thermal energy of the flue gas downstream of the firing device for preheating the heating gas and/or for preheating an oxidation gas used for incinerating the heating gas and/or for heating a thermal oil.
  • the export gas generated by the gas-generating plant is used as heating gas.
  • a process gas produced during the removal of the carbon dioxide and the water from the export gas and enriched with carbon dioxide and water is used as heating gas. If the said process gas does not burn with sufficient stability or does not contain the necessary thermal energy, a further combustible gas can be mixed with the process gas or the process gas can be incinerated in conjunction with the further combustible gas.
  • the amount and/or the composition of the accumulating export gas and, associated therewith, also the amount and/or the composition of the accumulating process gas are often subject to severe fluctuations with time. In many cases it can therefore be beneficial to buffer the fraction of the export gas used as heating gas or the process gas in a low-pressure gas accumulator disposed upstream of the firing device.
  • a combustible gas is generated during the operation of the upstream plant. It is possible for at least some of the combustible gas to be mixed with the export gas. Alternatively or in addition the combustible gas can be used as heating gas. In particular the last-cited combustible gas can be added where appropriate to the aforementioned process gas enriched with carbon dioxide and water, or incinerated together with said process gas.
  • a hot top gas can accumulate during the operation of the upstream plant.
  • the thermal energy contained in the top gas can be used for preheating the product gas before the latter is supplied to the firing device and/or for steam generation.
  • the hot top gas can be a combustible or a noncombustible gas.
  • the upstream plant can be embodied for example as a blast furnace, as a smelting reduction plant, as a smelter unit or as a direct reduction plant.
  • the gas-generating plant can be embodied for example as a coal gasification plant or as a metal smelting plant, in particular as an iron melting plant or as a smelting reduction plant.
  • the inventors also propose a metallurgical plant that performs the proposed operating method.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram representing a metallurgical plant
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram representing a detail of the metallurgical plant from FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram representing a possible embodiment of the metallurgical plant from FIG. 1 .
  • a metallurgical plant has a gas-generating plant 1 .
  • the gas-generating plant 1 can be embodied for example as a coal gasification plant or as a metal smelting plant.
  • a metal smelting plant this can be embodied in particular as an iron melting plant—also as a blast furnace, in particular an oxygen blast furnace—or as a smelting reduction plant.
  • An oxygen blast furnace is a blast furnace in which technically pure oxygen is used as hot-blast air and the resulting stack gas can be returned to the blast furnace.
  • the gas-generating plant 1 During operation the gas-generating plant 1 generates a gas 2 , referred to hereinbelow as export gas 2 .
  • the export gas 2 contains combustible components as well as, in addition, carbon dioxide, water and typically also nitrogen. The presence of carbon dioxide and water is indicated in FIG. 1 by the suffixes “CO 2 ” and “H 2 O” appended to the export gas.
  • the export gas 2 is supplied to a separation device 3 .
  • the export gas 2 possibly only the fraction of the export gas 2 supplied to the separation device 3 —is conditioned in the separation device 3 .
  • the carbon dioxide contained in the export gas 2 and/or the water contained in the export gas 2 are/is completely or partially removed from the export gas 2 in the separation device 3 .
  • a process gas 5 is produced in which carbon dioxide and/or water are enriched. This is indicated in FIG. 1 by the suffixes “CO 2 +” and “H 2 O+”.
  • the product gas 4 is initially supplied to a firing device 6 and from there to an upstream plant 7 .
  • the upstream plant 7 is a plant which is disposed upstream of a steelmaking plant 8 in the steel production process.
  • the upstream plant 7 can be embodied for example as a blast furnace, as a smelting reduction plant, as a smelter unit or as a direct reduction plant.
  • the product gas 4 is heated in a product gas heat exchanger 9 .
  • the chemical composition of the product gas 4 remains—at least substantially—unchanged. Only the temperature of the product gas 4 changes.
  • a heating gas 11 is incinerated into a flue gas 12 in the firing device 6 using an oxidation gas 10 . Both gases 10 , 11 are supplied to the firing device 6 .
  • the oxidation gas 10 can in particular be normal air.
  • the heating gas 11 is supplied to the firing device 6 in quantities significantly greater than are required for heating the product gas 4 . For this reason a substantial amount of surplus thermal energy accumulates in the firing device 6 . Insofar as it is superfluous, i.e. is not needed and utilized for heating the product gas 4 , the resulting thermal energy can be used for example for generating steam inside the firing device 6 by an evaporator 13 and thus for driving a water-steam circuit.
  • the steam can drive a turbine 14 which in turn drives an electric generator 15 .
  • the steam can be utilized for other purposes.
  • the evaporator 13 is positioned upstream of the product gas heat exchanger 9 in relation to the gas flow of the flue gas 12 .
  • the flue gas 12 resulting from the combustion of the heating gas 11 is therefore utilized for steam generation in the first instance, and only thereafter for heating the product gas 4 .
  • the generated steam can also be superheated by the flue gas 12 .
  • a superheater (not shown in the FIGs) is in this case positioned upstream of the product gas heat exchanger 9 , and possibly also the evaporator 13 , in relation to the gas flow of the flue gas 12 .
  • the water that is to be vaporized can be preheated.
  • a corresponding preheater (not shown in the FIGs) is in this case disposed downstream of the product gas heat exchanger 9 in relation to the gas flow of the flue gas 12 .
  • the flue gas 12 may be used in units 16 to 19 which are disposed downstream of the firing device 6 in relation to the gas flow of the flue gas 12 .
  • the heating gas 11 can be preheated in a heating gas heat exchanger 16 .
  • the oxidation gas 10 can be preheated in an oxidation gas heat exchanger 17 . The preheating of the heating gas 11 and/or of the oxidation gas 10 clearly takes place before the said gases 10 , 11 are supplied to the firing device 6 .
  • raw materials 20 that are to be supplied to the upstream plant 7 can be dried and/or preheated in a raw materials processing device 18 .
  • raw materials 21 that are to be supplied to the gas-generating plant 1 can be dried and/or preheated in a further raw materials processing device 19 .
  • Iron ore or metallurgical grade coal in particular are considered suitable raw materials 21 .
  • thermal energy of the flue gas 12 continues to be available, it is possible in addition to utilize the thermal energy of the flue gas 12 downstream of the firing device 6 in an oil heat exchanger 23 for the purpose of heating a thermal oil 24 .
  • cold-blast air 25 can be added to the flue gas 12 as shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the admixing of the cold-blast air 25 takes place after the flue gas 12 has been used for steam generation, but—clearly—before the product gas 4 is heated.
  • reaction temperature T of typically in excess of 800° C.
  • the product gas 4 must attain in order to be able to be used in the upstream plant 7 .
  • intermediate temperature T′ can range from approx. 400° C. to approx. 600° C., for example. If the product gas 4 in the firing device 6 is heated only up to the intermediate temperature T′, the product gas 4 heated in the firing device 6 as shown in FIG.
  • an oxidation gas 27 for example technically pure oxygen (oxygen content at least 90%) is supplied to the oxidation device 26 in addition to the product gas 4 .
  • the heating gas 11 incinerated in the firing device 6 can in principle be selected arbitrarily. It is possible to supply the heating gas 11 to the metallurgical plant from outside. Alternatively, the heating gas 11 can be a gas generated within the metallurgical plant. For example, it is possible for some of the export gas 2 generated by the gas-generating plant 1 to be used as heating gas 11 according to FIG. 3 . Alternatively or in addition it is possible to use the process gas 5 as heating gas 11 . If necessary, a further combustible gas 28 can be added to the process gas 5 . Alternatively the further combustible gas 28 can, if necessary, be incinerated in a separate burner of the firing device 6 together with the process gas 5 .
  • a low-pressure gas accumulator 29 is preferably disposed in the supply line of the corresponding gas 2 , 5 to the firing device 6 .
  • the low-pressure gas accumulator 29 serves to compensate for fluctuations in quantity and/or composition which occur during the generation of the export gas 2 and/or the process gas 5 .
  • a gas pressure p which is marginally greater than atmospheric pressure prevails in the low-pressure gas accumulator 29 .
  • a gas 30 that is hot and/or combustible is produced in many cases during the operation of the upstream plant 7 .
  • This gas 30 is often referred to as top gas 30 .
  • the top gas 30 is combustible, it is possible to admix the top gas 30 —in its entirety or in part—to the export gas 2 .
  • the top gas 30 can be used in combination with the export gas 2 and/or the process gas 5 .
  • the top gas 30 can in this case be identical to that combustible gas 28 which is mixed with the process gas 5 or incinerated together with the latter.
  • top gas 30 If the top gas 30 is hot, it is possible to utilize the thermal energy contained in the top gas 30 for preheating the product gas 4 before it is supplied to the firing device 6 and/or for steam generation (including superheating, where necessary). This also is indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 3 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
US14/005,658 2011-03-17 2012-03-08 Metallurgical plant with efficient waste-heat utilization Abandoned US20140000535A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA368/2011A AT511243B1 (de) 2011-03-17 2011-03-17 Hüttentechnische anlage mit effizienter abwärmenutzung
ATA368/2011 2011-03-17
PCT/EP2012/053975 WO2012123320A1 (de) 2011-03-17 2012-03-08 Hüttentechnische anlage mit effizienter abwärmenutzung

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US (1) US20140000535A1 (ru)
KR (1) KR20140019389A (ru)
CN (1) CN103842759B (ru)
AT (1) AT511243B1 (ru)
AU (1) AU2012228448B2 (ru)
BR (1) BR112013023472A2 (ru)
CA (1) CA2830210A1 (ru)
RU (1) RU2610999C2 (ru)
UA (1) UA113509C2 (ru)
WO (1) WO2012123320A1 (ru)
ZA (1) ZA201306954B (ru)

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US20140353886A1 (en) * 2013-05-29 2014-12-04 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Purification, Recovery, and Recycle of Vent Gas
CN107806770A (zh) * 2017-11-20 2018-03-16 湖北金盛兰冶金科技有限公司 一种节能型烧结系统

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EP2738268A1 (de) * 2012-11-29 2014-06-04 Siemens VAI Metals Technologies GmbH Verfahren zur Reduktion von Metalloxiden zu metallisiertem Material in einem Direktreduktionsprozess.
EP3034631A1 (de) * 2014-12-17 2016-06-22 Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH Direktreduktionsverfahren mit Gaskühlung
CN105737123B (zh) * 2016-04-15 2017-10-13 中冶华天工程技术有限公司 高炉煤气分布式能源系统

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CN107806770A (zh) * 2017-11-20 2018-03-16 湖北金盛兰冶金科技有限公司 一种节能型烧结系统

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AU2012228448A1 (en) 2013-10-03
AU2012228448B2 (en) 2016-08-25
ZA201306954B (en) 2014-08-27
CN103842759B (zh) 2016-10-12
CA2830210A1 (en) 2012-09-20
AT511243B1 (de) 2013-01-15
RU2013146337A (ru) 2015-04-27
RU2610999C2 (ru) 2017-02-17
BR112013023472A2 (pt) 2016-12-06
UA113509C2 (xx) 2017-02-10
WO2012123320A1 (de) 2012-09-20
KR20140019389A (ko) 2014-02-14
AT511243A1 (de) 2012-10-15

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