US20130240591A1 - Method and apparatus for separating a pane of brittle material from a moving ribbon of the material - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for separating a pane of brittle material from a moving ribbon of the material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20130240591A1 US20130240591A1 US13/623,526 US201213623526A US2013240591A1 US 20130240591 A1 US20130240591 A1 US 20130240591A1 US 201213623526 A US201213623526 A US 201213623526A US 2013240591 A1 US2013240591 A1 US 2013240591A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- ribbon
- bar
- upstream
- score line
- pane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
- B26F3/00—Severing by means other than cutting; Apparatus therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
- B26F3/00—Severing by means other than cutting; Apparatus therefor
- B26F3/002—Precutting and tensioning or breaking
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B33/00—Severing cooled glass
- C03B33/02—Cutting or splitting sheet glass or ribbons; Apparatus or machines therefor
- C03B33/0215—Cutting or splitting sheet glass or ribbons; Apparatus or machines therefor the ribbon being in a substantially vertical plane
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G2249/00—Aspects relating to conveying systems for the manufacture of fragile sheets
- B65G2249/04—Arrangements of vacuum systems or suction cups
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T225/00—Severing by tearing or breaking
- Y10T225/10—Methods
- Y10T225/12—With preliminary weakening
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T225/00—Severing by tearing or breaking
- Y10T225/10—Methods
- Y10T225/16—Transversely of continuously fed work
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T225/00—Severing by tearing or breaking
- Y10T225/10—Methods
- Y10T225/16—Transversely of continuously fed work
- Y10T225/18—Progressively to or from one side edge
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T225/00—Severing by tearing or breaking
- Y10T225/30—Breaking or tearing apparatus
- Y10T225/307—Combined with preliminary weakener or with nonbreaking cutter
- Y10T225/321—Preliminary weakener
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T225/00—Severing by tearing or breaking
- Y10T225/30—Breaking or tearing apparatus
- Y10T225/307—Combined with preliminary weakener or with nonbreaking cutter
- Y10T225/321—Preliminary weakener
- Y10T225/325—With means to apply moment of force to weakened work
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T225/00—Severing by tearing or breaking
- Y10T225/30—Breaking or tearing apparatus
- Y10T225/371—Movable breaking tool
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T225/00—Severing by tearing or breaking
- Y10T225/30—Breaking or tearing apparatus
- Y10T225/371—Movable breaking tool
- Y10T225/379—Breaking tool intermediate spaced work supports
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T83/00—Cutting
- Y10T83/02—Other than completely through work thickness
- Y10T83/0333—Scoring
- Y10T83/0341—Processes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to separating a pane of a brittle material from a moving ribbon of the material, and in one configuration, to separating panes of glass from a moving ribbon of glass, while reducing the introduction of disturbances into the upstream ribbon.
- LCDs liquid crystal displays
- CTRs cathode ray tubes
- FEDs field emission displays
- OLEDs organic light-emitting polymer displays
- Thin film transistor liquid crystal displays are used in notebook computers, flat panel desktop monitors, LCD televisions, and Internet and communication devices, to name only a few. It is increasingly useful to incorporate electronic components onto a glass sheet (glass substrate) used in the display device. Some display devices such as TFT-LCD panels and OLED panels are made directly on flat glass sheets. For example, the transistors are arranged in a patterned array and are driven by peripheral circuitry to provide (switch on) desired voltages to orient the molecules of the LC material in the desired manner.
- In-plane stress can result in a variation of the alignment of the transistors and the pixels. This can result in distortion in the display panel. As such, in LCD and other glass display applications, it is exceedingly beneficial to provide glass (substrates) that are within acceptable tolerances for distortion.
- the manufacturing of the glass used as the substrate is extremely complex.
- the drawdown sheet or fusion process described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,338,696 (Dockerty) and U.S. Pat. No. 3,682,609 (Dockerty), herein incorporated by reference, is one of the few processes capable of delivering the glass without requiring costly post forming finishing operations such as lapping and polishing.
- the fusion process requires the separation and removal of panes from a continuously moving ribbon of glass.
- the separation of the panes has been performed by forming a separation line in the ribbon of glass. Then a vacuum cup array is attached to the glass below the score line and the portion of the ribbon below the score line is rotated less than 15° to cause the glass to break at the score line and thus form the desired glass pane. This breaking produces a newly formed leading edge on the moving ribbon and a newly formed trailing edge on the glass pane.
- the present system provides for the repeatable and uniform separation of a pane of brittle material from a continuously moving ribbon of the brittle material, while reducing the introduction of disturbances into the upstream ribbon.
- the system provides for the separation of a pane of glass from a continuously moving ribbon of glass.
- the following discussion is set forth in terms of glass manufacturing. However, it is understood the invention as defined and set forth in the appended claims is not so limited, except for those claims which specify the brittle material is glass.
- a glass ribbon transitions from a liquid state to a downstream solid state.
- the introduction of disturbances into the glass in the visco-elastic region of the glass can result in undesired nonuniformity or stresses in the resulting solid state glass.
- the separation of a pane from the ribbon introduced significant energy in the form of a vibration, wave or distortion to the solid portion of the ribbon. Such distortion migrates upstream into the visco-elastic region of the ribbon.
- the distortion can introduce nonuniformity and nonlinearity in an uncontrolled manner, and can decrease the quality of the resulting panes.
- the ribbon is restrained upstream of a score line prior to separating the pane from the ribbon.
- the restraint of the ribbon can be accomplished by contacts upstream of the score line on the first side and the second side of the ribbon, wherein the contacts are either opposite, overlapping or offset.
- the restraint can be prior to, substantially simultaneous with or subsequent to forming the score line in the ribbon.
- the restraint of the ribbon is selected to facilitate separation of a pane from the ribbon and minimize or reduce the introduction of a disturbance or bending moment into the upstream ribbon.
- the present system separates the pane from the ribbon and reduces the propagation of disturbances upstream in the ribbon by contacting opposing sides of the ribbon with a pair of opposing bars, wherein the bars move with the ribbon, thereby restraining a portion of the ribbon upstream of a score line.
- a downstream press bar contacts the ribbon downstream of a score line to separate the pane from the ribbon along the score line, while the ribbon is temporarily restrained upstream of the separation line.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fusion glass fabrication apparatus.
- FIG. 2 is a front elevational schematic view of the ribbon extending from a fusion glass fabrication apparatus.
- FIG. 3 is a side elevational schematic view of the ribbon with the upstream press bar and an offset upstream backing bar in a retracted position.
- FIG. 4 is a side elevational schematic view of the ribbon with the upstream press bar opposite upstream backing bar in a retracted position.
- FIG. 5 is a side elevational schematic view of the ribbon with an overlapping upstream press bar and the upstream backing bar in a retracted position.
- FIGS. 6 a - 6 d are side elevational schematic views of a first configuration for the separation of a pane from the ribbon.
- FIGS. 7 a - 7 f are side elevational schematic views of a second configuration for the separation of a pane from the ribbon.
- FIGS. 8 a - 8 f are side elevational schematic views of a third configuration for the separation of a pane from the ribbon.
- FIGS. 9 a - 9 f are side elevational schematic views of a fourth configuration for the separation of a pane from the ribbon.
- FIGS. 10 a - 10 d are side elevational schematic views of the contact surface of the bars.
- the present invention relates to the separation of a pane of brittle material from a moving ribbon of the material, wherein selected configurations reduce separation induced upstream disturbances to the ribbon.
- the present invention is set forth as separating glass panes from a moving ribbon of glass.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of glass fabrication apparatus 10 of the type typically used in the fusion process.
- Apparatus 10 includes forming isopipe 12 , which receives molten glass (not shown) in cavity 11 .
- the molten glass flows over the upper edges of cavity 11 and descends along the outer sides of isopipe 12 to root 14 to form ribbon of glass 20 .
- Ribbon of glass 20 after leaving root 14 , traverses fixed edge rollers 16 .
- Ribbon 20 of brittle material is thus formed and has a length extending from root 14 to terminal free end 22 .
- the ribbon changes from a supple 50 millimeter thick liquid form at, for example, root 14 to a stiff glass ribbon of approximately 0.03 mm to 2.0 mm thickness at terminal end 22 .
- ribbon 20 For purposes of definition and as best shown in FIG. 3 , as ribbon 20 descends from root 14 , the ribbon travels at a velocity vector V describing movement of the ribbon and forms a generally flat configuration having a generally planar first side 32 and a generally planar second side 34 .
- ribbon 20 includes lateral beads or bulbous portions 36 (shown in FIG. 2 ) which are sized for engagement by fixed rollers 16 or control surfaces during travel of the ribbon from isopipe 12 .
- the terms “opposed” or “opposing” mean the contact on both first side 32 and second side 34 of the ribbon.
- upstream means between the intended location of a score line 26 (or the actual location of the score line) and root 14 .
- downstream means between the intended location of score line 26 (or the actual location of the score line) and the terminal end 22 of ribbon 20 .
- upstream and downstream shall refer to the specific location of interest, and mean toward root 14 or toward terminal end 22 of ribbon 20 , respectively.
- the separation of a pane 24 from ribbon 20 occurs within a given distance range from root 14 . That is, under constant operating parameters, the glass ribbon 20 reaches a generally predetermined solid state at a generally constant distance from the root 14 , and is thus amenable to separation.
- the separation of pane 24 from ribbon 20 occurs along score line 26 formed in at least one side of the ribbon.
- the present invention is directed at reducing the levels of undesirable distortion exhibited when panes 24 or substrates are flattened by providing for the repeatable and uniform separation of a pane of brittle material from a continuously moving ribbon 20 of the brittle material, while reducing the introduction of disturbances into the upstream ribbon.
- the present apparatus includes upstream press bar 60 ( FIG. 3 ) for engaging first side 32 of ribbon 20 and upstream backing bar 80 for engaging second side 34 of the ribbon.
- upstream press bar 60 and upstream backing bar 80 contact ribbon 20 upstream of score line 26 to locally restrain the ribbon during and after separation of pane 24 .
- downstream press bar 70 secondary upstream backing bar 90 and downstream backing bar 100 can be employed.
- Press bars 60 , 70 and backing bars 80 , 90 , 100 are formed of a cross beam 50 and a contact surface 56 , wherein the contact surface is usually a separate material than the cross beam.
- Cross beam 50 is a generally rigid member sufficient to remain substantially undeformed (undeflected) along the operable length of the bar during operating conditions. For example, deflections of less than approximately 0.005 inches and typically less than 0.003 inches along a 5 foot length of cross beam 50 have been found satisfactory. Aluminum or steel has been found to be a satisfactory material for cross beams 50 .
- Press bars 60 , 70 and backing bars 80 , 90 , and 100 are sized to extend substantially the entire length of score line 26 , and provide a continuous line of contact with ribbon 20 along the score line.
- the material forming contact surface 56 is a polymeric material such as a thermoplastic, thermoset or thermoplastic elastomer. Silicone having a hardness of approximately 60 Shore A plus or minus 10, has been found a satisfactory material. However, it is understood that depending upon the configuration of the apparatus, and the desired characteristics of the interface between the respective bar and ribbon 20 , the performance characteristics of the material forming contact surface 56 can be changed. For example, upstream backing bar 80 , when also functioning as the scoring bar, may be formed of a harder surface than upstream press bar 60 .
- Contact surface 56 can be connected to cross beam 50 by any of a variety of mechanisms including adhesives, bonding or friction fit. As shown in the FIGS. 6-9 and called out in FIGS. 10 a - 10 d , cross beam 50 includes a channel 51 having a given cross section, and contact surface 56 includes a corresponding locking tab 57 for engaging the channel. Although contact surface 56 is set forth as a member defining a surface as well as locking tab 57 , it is contemplated the contact surface can be limited to a surface layer or film disposed on a substrate, wherein the substrate performs the function of the locking tab.
- contact surface 56 can define any of a variety of interfaces with ribbon 20 .
- contact surface 56 can define an inclined plane with respect to the surface of ribbon 20 . In such configuration, as contact surface 56 engages ribbon 20 , increased force is exerted along predetermined positions of the contact surface.
- Contact surface 56 extends along the length of score line 26 and contact ribbon 20 along an appropriate 1 ⁇ 2′′ length of the ribbon.
- Each of the upstream press bar 60 , upstream backing bar 80 , downstream press bar 70 , secondary upstream backing bar 90 and downstream backing bar 100 travel at a velocity vector substantially equal to the velocity vector V of ribbon 20 .
- Press bars 60 , 70 and backing bars 80 , 90 and 100 are carried by a carriage 120 for translation with the appropriate velocity vector matching ribbon 20 , as is known in the art.
- press bars 60 , 70 and backing bars 80 , 90 , 100 are described in terms of travel on common carriage 120 .
- Carriage 120 can be movable relative to a rail 124 , wherein the movement of the carriage can be imparted by any of a variety of mechanisms including magnetic, mechanical, or electromechanical, such as motors, gears, and/or rack and pinion.
- press bars 60 , 70 and backing bars 80 , 90 , 100 can be moved with the same velocity vector V of ribbon 20 , and upon contact with the ribbon maintain contact at a specific location on the ribbon.
- upstream backing bar 80 also functions as a score-nosing bar, without deviating from the present apparatus. That is, as seen in FIGS. 6-9 , upstream backing bar 80 contacts second side 34 of ribbon 20 upstream of score line 26 , as well as contacting the second side of the ribbon opposite the score line (or the intended position of the score line).
- upstream press bar 60 is connected to carriage 120 for engaging first side 32 of ribbon 20 and the upstream backing bar is connected to the carriage for engaging second side 34 of the ribbon to restrain the ribbon.
- Upstream press bar 60 and upstream backing bar 80 can contact the opposing sides of ribbon 20 in an opposite, an offset, or overlapping relation.
- upstream press bar 60 and upstream backing bar 80 engage ribbon 20 at a common distance from root 14 .
- the opposite contact occurs at a given height (vertical position along the ribbon).
- upstream press bar 60 and upstream backing bar 80 engage ribbon 20 at different distances from root 14 . That is, there is no common length of the ribbon contacted on first side 32 by upstream press bar 60 and second side 34 by upstream backing bar 80 .
- each of the upstream press bar 60 and upstream backing bar 80 contact the respective side of ribbon 20 along a common length of the ribbon.
- the upstream press bar 60 and upstream backing bar 80 has a 1 ⁇ 2′′ contact with the ribbon approximately 1 ⁇ 4′′ of the contact of each of the upstream press bar and the upstream backing bar can overlap along a common 1 ⁇ 4′′ length of the ribbon to restrain the ribbon.
- Upstream press bar 60 and upstream backing bar 80 can be controlled to simultaneously or sequentially contact the respective sides of ribbon 20 . However, it is advantageous to have both upstream press bar 60 and upstream backing bar 80 contacting ribbon 20 , during and after separation of pane 24 .
- Upstream press bar 60 and upstream backing bar 80 can be movably connected to carriage 120 for movement between a retracted non-ribbon contacting position and an extended ribbon contacting position.
- Any of a variety of mechanisms can be used for moving upstream press bar 60 and upstream backing bar 80 relative to carriage 120 .
- cams can couple bars 60 , 80 to carriage 120 .
- mechanical actuators such as rack and pinion or threaded engagements, hydraulic or pneumatic pistons or cylinders can be used.
- upstream press bar 60 and upstream backing bar 80 can move relative to carriage 120 between a retracted non-contacting position and an extended ribbon contacting position.
- upstream press bar 60 and upstream backing bar 80 can be fixed with respect to carriage 120 , and the carriage can be moved relative to rail 124 to selectively engage the bars with ribbon 20 .
- upstream press bar 60 and downstream press bar 70 can be incorporated into a single cross beam 50 , and thus move in concert.
- upstream press bar 60 and downstream press bar 80 can be tied to a common carrier or yoke.
- upstream press bar 60 and downstream press bar 70 can be independently controlled (operated) to provide sequential or independent contact with ribbon 20 as seen in FIGS. 7-9 .
- upstream backing bar 80 , secondary upstream backing bar 90 and downstream backing bar 100 can be carried by single cross beam 50 to move in concert between the retracted position and the extended position.
- each of the upstream backing bar 80 , secondary upstream backing bar 90 , and downstream backing bar 100 can be carried by an independent and independently actuated cross beam 50 , as desired.
- press bars 60 , 70 and scoring assembly 130 contact first side 32 of ribbon 20 within an approximate 3 inch length of the ribbon.
- the bars are within approximately 1.5 inches from the score line.
- upstream backing bar 80 can span approximately 3 inches or less along the length of the ribbon 20 .
- upstream press bar 60 can be within 2 inches or less than 1 inch from score line 26 .
- Downstream press bar 70 can be less than 3 inches to less than approximately 1 inch from score line 26 .
- bars 60 , 70 are located within a 37 mm length of ribbon 20 .
- Load sensors or force sensors can be connected between respective bar 60 , 70 , 80 , 90 , 100 and carriage 120 to measure the load on the respective bar.
- the sensors are connected to a central controller so that the desired loads can be determined, monitored and controlled.
- a scoring assembly 130 is used to selectively form score line 26 in first side 32 of ribbon 20 .
- Scoring assembly 130 can travel with one or both upstream press bar 60 and upstream backing bar 80 .
- scoring assembly 130 is set forth as carried by carriage 120 .
- scoring assembly 130 will travel along the direction of travel of ribbon 20 , at a velocity vector matching the ribbon.
- score line 26 can be formed to extend transverse to the direction of travel of the ribbon.
- Scoring assembly 130 can be any of a variety of configurations well known in the glass scribing art, including but not limited to lasers, wheels, or points.
- the scoring assembly is also movable between a retracted non-contacting position and an extended ribbon contacting position.
- scoring assembly 130 cooperates with upstream backing bar 80 to form the score line 26 along first surface 32 of ribbon 20 , such that the upstream backing bar also functions as a scoring bar opposite the contact of scoring assembly 130 and ribbon 20 .
- Score line 26 extends across a substantial width of ribbon 20 .
- score line 26 extends substantially the entire distance between the beads.
- the score line can extend from approximately 70% of the width of ribbon 20 to 100% of the width.
- score line 26 has a depth of approximately 10% of the thickness of ribbon 20 .
- the actual depth of score line 26 depends in part upon scoring parameters such as scoring pressure, the geometry of the scoring assembly, the thickness of the ribbon, the material of the ribbon, and the characteristics of glass fabrication apparatus 10 .
- score line 26 can have a depth ranging from approximately 70 microns to approximately 130 microns.
- a pane engaging assembly 140 is employed to capture ribbon 20 downstream of score line 26 and control removal of pane 24 upon separation from ribbon 20 .
- a representative pane engaging assembly and associated transporter are described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,616,025, herein expressly incorporated by reference.
- the pane engaging assembly 140 includes pane engaging members 142 , such as soft vacuum suction cups. It is understood other devices for engaging pane 24 , such as clamps or fingers that engage the lateral edge of the ribbon (pane) can be used. The number of pane engaging members 142 can be varied in response to the size, thickness and weight of pane 24 .
- Pane engaging assembly 140 can engage ribbon 20 either before or after score line 26 has been formed.
- pane engaging assembly 140 can include a drop cylinder for imparting a vertical movement of pane 24 from newly formed terminal end 22 of ribbon 20 .
- a combination of the bars contacting the ribbon is employed to propagate a crack along the score line.
- Any of a variety of combination of contacts between the bars and ribbon 20 can be employed to separate pane 24 .
- downstream press bar 70 can be employed to provide a breaking function (function as a breaking bar).
- both upstream press bar 60 and downstream press bar 70 can act cooperatively against ribbon 20 to induce separation along score line 26 .
- upper press bar 60 and upper backing bar 80 restrain a portion of ribbon 20 therebetween.
- restraining the portion of ribbon 20 deviation of the ribbon from the gravity induced velocity vector is reduced.
- restraining a portion of ribbon 20 upstream of score line 26 allows the dampening characteristics of contact surfaces 56 to reduce the transmission of disturbances (energy) into the ribbon.
- a localized bending is applied about score line 26 , wherein the localized bending is sufficient to propagate a crack along the score line.
- upstream press bar 60 functions to dampen the transmission of mechanical vibrations upstream in the ribbon.
- movement of ribbon 20 above score line 26 is thus reduced during the separation process.
- upstream backing bar 80 and upstream press bar 60 with ribbon 20 after separation absorbs a portion of the energy imparted by the separation process, and thus reduces the amount of disturbance that can migrate upstream in the ribbon.
- Press bars 60 , 70 and backing bars 80 , 90 , 100 can also be employed to substantially maintain (or create) a substantially planar configuration of the ribbon in the area of score line 26 before or after formation of the score line.
- upper press bar 60 and upper backing bar 80 contacting ribbon 20 are set forth in detail.
- a first configuration of the assembly is employed to separate pane 24 from terminal end 22 of ribbon 20 .
- upstream backing bar 80 is brought to contact second side 34 of ribbon 20 and scoring assembly 130 is drawn across at least a portion of the width of the ribbon to form score line 26 .
- Pane engaging assembly 140 is shown engaged with ribbon 20 , prior to formation of score line 26 . However, it is understood that the pane engaging assembly can engage ribbon 20 after formation of score line 26 .
- upstream backing bar 80 functions as the score-nosing bar or anvil.
- scoring assembly 130 is shown as returning to an upstream position relative to upstream press bar 60 , it is understood the scoring assembly can move laterally (horizontally in FIG. 6 b ) between a scoring position and a non scoring position.
- upstream press bar 60 and downstream press bar 70 are brought into contact with first side 32 of ribbon 20 to locate score line 26 intermediate the upstream press bar and the downstream press bar and restrain a portion of the ribbon upstream of score line 26 by the contact of upstream backing bar 80 and the upstream press bar with the ribbon.
- Upstream press bar 60 and upstream backing bar 80 can be sized and located to contact ribbon 20 and either an offset, overlapping or opposite relation.
- upstream press bar 60 and downstream press bar 70 are shown as incorporated into single crossbeam 50 , each press bar is called out as an individual structure. That is, each of the upstream press bar 60 and downstream press bar 70 can encompass respective contact surface 56 and a portion of the common crossbeam 50 .
- upstream press bar 60 and downstream press bar 70 are urged towards upstream backing bar 80 , while pane engaging assembly 140 draws the ribbon from the vertical path and ribbon 20 is separated along score line 26 .
- upstream press bar 60 can contact ribbon 20 simultaneous with contact of downstream press bar 70 , or prior to contact of the downstream press bar with the ribbon. In either scenario, a portion of ribbon 20 is restrained between upstream press bar 60 and a portion of upstream backing bar 80 , such that the ribbon remains restrained upstream of the separation line, after separation of the ribbon.
- upstream press bar 60 downstream press bar 70 , upstream backing bar 80 , and scoring assembly 130 are realigned with ribbon 20 for forming subsequent pane 24 .
- upstream press bar 60 and upstream backing bar 80 having at least a slight overlapping relation along the length of ribbon 20 , the application of a bending moment to upstream ribbon 20 is reduced.
- the amount of overlap of upstream press bar 60 and upstream backing bar 80 is at least partially determined by the type and thickness of material forming ribbon 20 .
- upstream backing bar 80 and at least upstream press bar 60 are brought into contact with ribbon 20 , prior to forming score line 26 (and thus restrain the ribbon).
- pane engaging assembly 140 is engaged with ribbon 20 prior to formation of the score line.
- pane engaging assembly 140 can engage ribbon 20 after formation of score line 26 .
- scoring assembly 130 is brought into contact with first side 32 of ribbon 20 and bears against a portion of backing bar 80 to form score line 26 .
- scoring assembly 130 is retracted.
- the downstream press bar 70 is urged against first side 32 of ribbon 20 to separate pane 24 from the ribbon.
- downstream press bar 70 and scoring assembly 130 are in the retracted position, while upstream backing bar 80 and upstream press bar 60 remain in contact with ribbon 20 , thereby dampening the transmission of any disturbance resulting from the separation of pane 24 from the ribbon.
- the bars are returned to an initial position for separating a subsequent pane 24 from ribbon 20 .
- upstream backing bar 80 and upstream press bar 60 can be offset, opposite or overlapping.
- upstream press bar 60 and downstream press bar 70 can be simultaneously moved into contact with first side 32 of ribbon 20 , and simultaneously moved after formation of score line 26 to separate pane 24 , it is anticipated that independently moving the downstream press bar to initiate crack propagation along the score line is advantageous.
- secondary upstream backing bar 90 and upstream press bar 80 are initially brought into contact with second side 34 and first side 32 of ribbon 20 respectively.
- downstream press bar 70 can optionally contact the first side of ribbon 20 to further stabilize and control the ribbon.
- upstream backing bar 80 and scoring assembly 130 are brought into contact with ribbon 20 to form score line 26 intermediate upstream press bar 60 and downstream press bar 70 .
- a portion of upstream backing bar 80 contacts second side 34 of ribbon 20 upstream of score line 26 .
- ribbon 20 is restrained upstream of score line 26 by a portion of upstream backing bar 80 and secondary upstream backing bar 90 on second side 34 of the ribbon and upstream press bar 60 on first side 32 of the ribbon.
- Pane engaging assembly 140 engages ribbon 20 .
- scoring assembly 130 is retracted after score line 26 is formed.
- downstream press bar 70 is urged further against first side 32 of ribbon 20 causing pane 24 to separate from the ribbon.
- separated pane 24 is removed by pane engaging assembly 140 , and newly formed terminal end 22 of the ribbon is restrained by a portion of upstream backing bar 80 , secondary upstream backing bar 100 and upstream press bar 60 .
- the bars are returned to a ready position to begin the sequence for separating a subsequent pane 24 from ribbon 20 .
- the configuration is selected to reduce premature unintended crack propagation along score line 26 .
- the configuration of FIG. 9 induces a local compression in first side 32 of ribbon 20 adjacent the score line 26 . This local compressive force reduces the tendency of crack propagation along score line 26 .
- the bar configuration shown in FIG. 9 provides for the initial compression and a subsequent tension across score line 26 , and hence controlled crack propagation.
- pane engaging assembly 140 is employed to capture pane 24 and remove the pane from descending ribbon 20 .
- upstream backing bar 80 , secondary upstream backing bar 90 and downstream backing bar 100 are mounted in a common crossbeam 50 , wherein the secondary upstream backing bar and the downstream backing bar project a greater distance than the upstream backing bar. That is, upstream backing bar 80 is recessed relative to secondary upstream backing bar 90 and downstream backing bar 100 , so that second side 34 of ribbon 20 initially contacts the secondary upstream backing bar and the downstream backing bar.
- secondary upstream backing bar 90 and downstream backing bar 100 can be of a softer, more easily compressible material than upstream backing bar 80 , as upstream press bar 60 contacts first side 32 of ribbon 20 , a slight bow is imposed in the ribbon such that a local compressive force is created in the intended area of score line 26 .
- upstream backing bar 80 can be separately controlled from secondary upstream backing bar 90 and downstream backing bar 100 , the apparatus is simplified by mounting upstream backing bar 80 , secondary upstream backing bar 90 and downstream backing bar 100 to a common crossbeam 50 , and employing different size contact surfaces 56 .
- scoring assembly 130 then forms score line 26 in the locally compressed first side 32 of ribbon 20 . Subsequently, as seen in FIG. 9 c , scoring assembly 130 is retracted, and downstream press bar 70 is urged against the first side of ribbon 20 with sufficient force to generate a localized tension in the first side of the ribbon in the area of score line 26 . Pane 24 then separates from ribbon 20 as seen in FIG. 9 d while ribbon 20 remains restrained between secondary upstream backing bar 90 and upstream backing bar 80 on second side 34 , and upstream press bar 60 on the first side. Pane engaging assembly 140 removes pane 24 in FIG. 9 d . Referring to FIG. 9 f , the bars and scoring assembly 130 are returned to the ready position for separating a subsequent pane 24 .
- the present configurations thus provide for an opposed contact of ribbon 20 upstream of score line 26 (or score line location), wherein the upstream opposed contact can be in an offset, opposite or overlapping relation of upstream press bar 60 and upstream backing bar 80 .
- the upstream contact with ribbon 20 is maintained during and after the separation of pane 24 , thereby reducing the introduction of disturbances that can migrate up the ribbon.
- the upstream restraining of ribbon 20 can be subsequent to formation of score line 26 and substantially simultaneous with the separating of the ribbon along the score line. In further configurations, the upstream restraining of ribbon 20 precedes the formation of score line 26 .
Abstract
A pane is separated from a moving ribbon of brittle material by restraining the ribbon upstream of a score line prior to separating the pane. The ribbon is restrained by selectively contacting a first side and a second side of the ribbon in one of an opposite, overlapping or offset relation. The ribbon can be restrained prior to, substantially simultaneous with or subsequent to forming the score line. The restrained status of the ribbon is maintained during and immediately after separation of the pane from the ribbon, thereby reducing the introduction of a disturbance or bending moment into the upstream ribbon.
Description
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The present invention relates to separating a pane of a brittle material from a moving ribbon of the material, and in one configuration, to separating panes of glass from a moving ribbon of glass, while reducing the introduction of disturbances into the upstream ribbon.
- 2. Description of Related Art
- Specialized glasses have found increased applicability, including substrates, in the manufacture of display devices. For example, liquid crystal displays (LCDs) have become increasingly popular for displaying information in calculators, watches, video games, audio and video equipment, portable computers and even car dashboards. The improving quality and size of LCDs has made the LCDs an attractive alternative to cathode ray tubes (CRTs) which are traditionally used in television sets and desktop computer displays. In addition, other flat panel display (FPD) types, such as plasma displays (PDs), field emission displays (FEDs) and organic light-emitting polymer displays (OLEDs) are being developed as alternatives to LCDs. Thin film transistor liquid crystal displays (TFT-LCD) are used in notebook computers, flat panel desktop monitors, LCD televisions, and Internet and communication devices, to name only a few. It is increasingly useful to incorporate electronic components onto a glass sheet (glass substrate) used in the display device. Some display devices such as TFT-LCD panels and OLED panels are made directly on flat glass sheets. For example, the transistors are arranged in a patterned array and are driven by peripheral circuitry to provide (switch on) desired voltages to orient the molecules of the LC material in the desired manner.
- In-plane stress (and resulting strain) can result in a variation of the alignment of the transistors and the pixels. This can result in distortion in the display panel. As such, in LCD and other glass display applications, it is exceedingly beneficial to provide glass (substrates) that are within acceptable tolerances for distortion.
- Flat panel display manufacturers are finding that demands for larger display sizes and the economies of scale are driving manufacturing processes to larger size pieces of glass. Industry standards have evolved from Gen III (550 mm×650 mm), Gen III.5 (600 mm×720 mm), and Gen IV (1,000 mm×1,000 mm) sizes and larger. As the desired size of the glass pieces increases, the difficulty of the production and handling increases.
- The manufacturing of the glass used as the substrate is extremely complex. The drawdown sheet or fusion process, described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,338,696 (Dockerty) and U.S. Pat. No. 3,682,609 (Dockerty), herein incorporated by reference, is one of the few processes capable of delivering the glass without requiring costly post forming finishing operations such as lapping and polishing.
- However, the fusion process requires the separation and removal of panes from a continuously moving ribbon of glass. Traditionally, the separation of the panes has been performed by forming a separation line in the ribbon of glass. Then a vacuum cup array is attached to the glass below the score line and the portion of the ribbon below the score line is rotated less than 15° to cause the glass to break at the score line and thus form the desired glass pane. This breaking produces a newly formed leading edge on the moving ribbon and a newly formed trailing edge on the glass pane.
- However, this exertion of such a large bending moment on the ribbon, imparts significant potential energy to the ribbon, particularly upon the snapping of the pane from the ribbon. Introduction of this energy (and mechanical disturbance) into the upstream ribbon can lead to undesirable characteristics in subsequent glass panes.
- Therefore, there is a need to provide for the separation of a pane from a continuously moving ribbon of brittle material, while reducing imparted disturbances which can propagate upstream along the ribbon. The need also exists for increasing control over the crack propagation used to separate a pane from the ribbon.
- The present system provides for the repeatable and uniform separation of a pane of brittle material from a continuously moving ribbon of the brittle material, while reducing the introduction of disturbances into the upstream ribbon.
- In selected configurations, the system provides for the separation of a pane of glass from a continuously moving ribbon of glass. For purposes of description, the following discussion is set forth in terms of glass manufacturing. However, it is understood the invention as defined and set forth in the appended claims is not so limited, except for those claims which specify the brittle material is glass.
- In the fusion glass formation process, a glass ribbon transitions from a liquid state to a downstream solid state. The introduction of disturbances into the glass in the visco-elastic region of the glass can result in undesired nonuniformity or stresses in the resulting solid state glass. Traditionally, the separation of a pane from the ribbon introduced significant energy in the form of a vibration, wave or distortion to the solid portion of the ribbon. Such distortion migrates upstream into the visco-elastic region of the ribbon. The distortion can introduce nonuniformity and nonlinearity in an uncontrolled manner, and can decrease the quality of the resulting panes.
- In the present system, the ribbon is restrained upstream of a score line prior to separating the pane from the ribbon. The restraint of the ribbon can be accomplished by contacts upstream of the score line on the first side and the second side of the ribbon, wherein the contacts are either opposite, overlapping or offset. The restraint can be prior to, substantially simultaneous with or subsequent to forming the score line in the ribbon. The restraint of the ribbon is selected to facilitate separation of a pane from the ribbon and minimize or reduce the introduction of a disturbance or bending moment into the upstream ribbon.
- The present system separates the pane from the ribbon and reduces the propagation of disturbances upstream in the ribbon by contacting opposing sides of the ribbon with a pair of opposing bars, wherein the bars move with the ribbon, thereby restraining a portion of the ribbon upstream of a score line. A downstream press bar contacts the ribbon downstream of a score line to separate the pane from the ribbon along the score line, while the ribbon is temporarily restrained upstream of the separation line.
- Additional features and advantages of the invention are set forth in the detailed description which follows, and in part will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from that description or recognized by practicing the invention as described herein.
- It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary of the invention, and are intended to provide an overview or framework for understanding the nature and character of the invention as claimed below. Also, the above listed aspects of the invention, as well as the preferred and other embodiments of the invention discussed and claimed below, can be used separately or in any and all combinations.
- The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate various embodiments of the invention, and together with the description serve to explain the principles and operation of the invention. It should be noted that the various features illustrated in the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. In fact, the dimensions may be arbitrarily increased or decreased for clarity of discussion.
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fusion glass fabrication apparatus. -
FIG. 2 is a front elevational schematic view of the ribbon extending from a fusion glass fabrication apparatus. -
FIG. 3 is a side elevational schematic view of the ribbon with the upstream press bar and an offset upstream backing bar in a retracted position. -
FIG. 4 is a side elevational schematic view of the ribbon with the upstream press bar opposite upstream backing bar in a retracted position. -
FIG. 5 is a side elevational schematic view of the ribbon with an overlapping upstream press bar and the upstream backing bar in a retracted position. -
FIGS. 6 a-6 d are side elevational schematic views of a first configuration for the separation of a pane from the ribbon. -
FIGS. 7 a-7 f are side elevational schematic views of a second configuration for the separation of a pane from the ribbon. -
FIGS. 8 a-8 f are side elevational schematic views of a third configuration for the separation of a pane from the ribbon. -
FIGS. 9 a-9 f are side elevational schematic views of a fourth configuration for the separation of a pane from the ribbon. -
FIGS. 10 a-10 d are side elevational schematic views of the contact surface of the bars. - In the following detailed description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, example embodiments disclosing specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one having ordinary skill in the art having had the benefit of the present disclosure, that the present invention can be practiced in other embodiments that depart from the specific details disclosed herein. Moreover, descriptions of well-known devices, methods and materials are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present invention.
- The present invention relates to the separation of a pane of brittle material from a moving ribbon of the material, wherein selected configurations reduce separation induced upstream disturbances to the ribbon. For purposes of description, the present invention is set forth as separating glass panes from a moving ribbon of glass.
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram ofglass fabrication apparatus 10 of the type typically used in the fusion process.Apparatus 10 includes formingisopipe 12, which receives molten glass (not shown) incavity 11. The molten glass flows over the upper edges ofcavity 11 and descends along the outer sides ofisopipe 12 to root 14 to form ribbon ofglass 20. Ribbon ofglass 20, after leavingroot 14, traverses fixededge rollers 16.Ribbon 20 of brittle material is thus formed and has a length extending fromroot 14 to terminalfree end 22. Asglass ribbon 20 travels down fromisopipe 12, the ribbon changes from a supple 50 millimeter thick liquid form at, for example, root 14 to a stiff glass ribbon of approximately 0.03 mm to 2.0 mm thickness atterminal end 22. - Such draw down sheet or fusion processes, are described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,338,696 (Dockerty) and U.S. Pat. No. 3,682,609 (Dockerty), herein incorporated by reference. The details are omitted so as to not obscure the description of the example embodiments. It is noted, however, that other types of glass fabrication apparatus can be used in conjunction with the invention. For those skilled in the art of glass forming, it is known that there are multiple methods to achieve such a structure, such as laminated down draw, slot draw and laminated fusion processes.
- For purposes of definition and as best shown in
FIG. 3 , asribbon 20 descends fromroot 14, the ribbon travels at a velocity vector V describing movement of the ribbon and forms a generally flat configuration having a generally planarfirst side 32 and a generally planarsecond side 34. In certain configurations,ribbon 20 includes lateral beads or bulbous portions 36 (shown inFIG. 2 ) which are sized for engagement by fixedrollers 16 or control surfaces during travel of the ribbon fromisopipe 12. With respect toribbon 20, the terms “opposed” or “opposing” mean the contact on bothfirst side 32 andsecond side 34 of the ribbon. - Depending upon the stage or operation within the sequence, the term “upstream” means between the intended location of a score line 26 (or the actual location of the score line) and
root 14. The term “downstream” means between the intended location of score line 26 (or the actual location of the score line) and theterminal end 22 ofribbon 20. Other uses of the terms upstream and downstream shall refer to the specific location of interest, and mean towardroot 14 or towardterminal end 22 ofribbon 20, respectively. - The separation of a
pane 24 fromribbon 20 occurs within a given distance range fromroot 14. That is, under constant operating parameters, theglass ribbon 20 reaches a generally predetermined solid state at a generally constant distance from theroot 14, and is thus amenable to separation. The separation ofpane 24 fromribbon 20 occurs alongscore line 26 formed in at least one side of the ribbon. - As discussed above in the Summary of the Invention, the present invention is directed at reducing the levels of undesirable distortion exhibited when
panes 24 or substrates are flattened by providing for the repeatable and uniform separation of a pane of brittle material from a continuously movingribbon 20 of the brittle material, while reducing the introduction of disturbances into the upstream ribbon. - The present apparatus includes upstream press bar 60 (
FIG. 3 ) for engagingfirst side 32 ofribbon 20 andupstream backing bar 80 for engagingsecond side 34 of the ribbon. Each of theupstream press bar 60 andupstream backing bar 80contact ribbon 20 upstream ofscore line 26 to locally restrain the ribbon during and after separation ofpane 24. - As seen in
FIGS. 6-9 , in further configurations,downstream press bar 70, secondaryupstream backing bar 90 anddownstream backing bar 100 can be employed. - Press bars 60, 70 and backing bars 80, 90, 100 are formed of a
cross beam 50 and acontact surface 56, wherein the contact surface is usually a separate material than the cross beam.Cross beam 50 is a generally rigid member sufficient to remain substantially undeformed (undeflected) along the operable length of the bar during operating conditions. For example, deflections of less than approximately 0.005 inches and typically less than 0.003 inches along a 5 foot length ofcross beam 50 have been found satisfactory. Aluminum or steel has been found to be a satisfactory material for cross beams 50. Press bars 60, 70 and backing bars 80, 90, and 100 are sized to extend substantially the entire length ofscore line 26, and provide a continuous line of contact withribbon 20 along the score line. - The material forming
contact surface 56 is a polymeric material such as a thermoplastic, thermoset or thermoplastic elastomer. Silicone having a hardness of approximately 60 Shore A plus orminus 10, has been found a satisfactory material. However, it is understood that depending upon the configuration of the apparatus, and the desired characteristics of the interface between the respective bar andribbon 20, the performance characteristics of the material formingcontact surface 56 can be changed. For example,upstream backing bar 80, when also functioning as the scoring bar, may be formed of a harder surface thanupstream press bar 60. -
Contact surface 56 can be connected to crossbeam 50 by any of a variety of mechanisms including adhesives, bonding or friction fit. As shown in theFIGS. 6-9 and called out inFIGS. 10 a-10 d,cross beam 50 includes achannel 51 having a given cross section, andcontact surface 56 includes acorresponding locking tab 57 for engaging the channel. Althoughcontact surface 56 is set forth as a member defining a surface as well as lockingtab 57, it is contemplated the contact surface can be limited to a surface layer or film disposed on a substrate, wherein the substrate performs the function of the locking tab. - Referring to
FIGS. 10 a-10 d,contact surface 56 can define any of a variety of interfaces withribbon 20. For example,contact surface 56 can define an inclined plane with respect to the surface ofribbon 20. In such configuration, ascontact surface 56 engagesribbon 20, increased force is exerted along predetermined positions of the contact surface.Contact surface 56 extends along the length ofscore line 26 andcontact ribbon 20 along an appropriate ½″ length of the ribbon. - Each of the
upstream press bar 60,upstream backing bar 80,downstream press bar 70, secondaryupstream backing bar 90 anddownstream backing bar 100 travel at a velocity vector substantially equal to the velocity vector V ofribbon 20. Press bars 60, 70 and backing bars 80, 90 and 100 are carried by acarriage 120 for translation with the appropriate velocityvector matching ribbon 20, as is known in the art. - For purposes of description, press bars 60, 70 and backing bars 80, 90, 100 are described in terms of travel on
common carriage 120.Carriage 120 can be movable relative to arail 124, wherein the movement of the carriage can be imparted by any of a variety of mechanisms including magnetic, mechanical, or electromechanical, such as motors, gears, and/or rack and pinion. Thus, press bars 60, 70 and backing bars 80, 90, 100 can be moved with the same velocity vector V ofribbon 20, and upon contact with the ribbon maintain contact at a specific location on the ribbon. - In certain configurations,
upstream backing bar 80 also functions as a score-nosing bar, without deviating from the present apparatus. That is, as seen inFIGS. 6-9 ,upstream backing bar 80 contactssecond side 34 ofribbon 20 upstream ofscore line 26, as well as contacting the second side of the ribbon opposite the score line (or the intended position of the score line). - As shown schematically in
FIGS. 3-5 ,upstream press bar 60 is connected tocarriage 120 for engagingfirst side 32 ofribbon 20 and the upstream backing bar is connected to the carriage for engagingsecond side 34 of the ribbon to restrain the ribbon. -
Upstream press bar 60 andupstream backing bar 80 can contact the opposing sides ofribbon 20 in an opposite, an offset, or overlapping relation. In the “opposite” relation seen inFIG. 4 ,upstream press bar 60 andupstream backing bar 80 engageribbon 20 at a common distance fromroot 14. Forribbon 20 having a vertical velocity vector V, the opposite contact occurs at a given height (vertical position along the ribbon). In the “offset” relation seen inFIG. 3 ,upstream press bar 60 andupstream backing bar 80 engageribbon 20 at different distances fromroot 14. That is, there is no common length of the ribbon contacted onfirst side 32 byupstream press bar 60 andsecond side 34 byupstream backing bar 80. In the “overlapping” relation seen inFIG. 5 , a portion of each of theupstream press bar 60 andupstream backing bar 80 contact the respective side ofribbon 20 along a common length of the ribbon. For example, in the overlapping relation, if each of theupstream press bar 60 andupstream backing bar 80 has a ½″ contact with the ribbon approximately ¼″ of the contact of each of the upstream press bar and the upstream backing bar can overlap along a common ¼″ length of the ribbon to restrain the ribbon. -
Upstream press bar 60 andupstream backing bar 80 can be controlled to simultaneously or sequentially contact the respective sides ofribbon 20. However, it is advantageous to have bothupstream press bar 60 andupstream backing bar 80 contactingribbon 20, during and after separation ofpane 24. -
Upstream press bar 60 andupstream backing bar 80 can be movably connected tocarriage 120 for movement between a retracted non-ribbon contacting position and an extended ribbon contacting position. Any of a variety of mechanisms can be used for movingupstream press bar 60 andupstream backing bar 80 relative tocarriage 120. For example, cams can couple bars 60, 80 tocarriage 120. Alternatively, mechanical actuators such as rack and pinion or threaded engagements, hydraulic or pneumatic pistons or cylinders can be used. - Thus,
upstream press bar 60 andupstream backing bar 80 can move relative tocarriage 120 between a retracted non-contacting position and an extended ribbon contacting position. Alternatively,upstream press bar 60 andupstream backing bar 80 can be fixed with respect tocarriage 120, and the carriage can be moved relative to rail 124 to selectively engage the bars withribbon 20. - In selected configurations, as seen in
FIGS. 6 a-6 d,upstream press bar 60 anddownstream press bar 70 can be incorporated into asingle cross beam 50, and thus move in concert. Alternatively,upstream press bar 60 anddownstream press bar 80 can be tied to a common carrier or yoke. Conversely,upstream press bar 60 anddownstream press bar 70 can be independently controlled (operated) to provide sequential or independent contact withribbon 20 as seen inFIGS. 7-9 . - Similarly,
upstream backing bar 80, secondaryupstream backing bar 90 anddownstream backing bar 100 can be carried bysingle cross beam 50 to move in concert between the retracted position and the extended position. Alternatively, each of theupstream backing bar 80, secondaryupstream backing bar 90, anddownstream backing bar 100 can be carried by an independent and independently actuatedcross beam 50, as desired. - In one configuration, press bars 60, 70 and scoring
assembly 130 contactfirst side 32 ofribbon 20 within an approximate 3 inch length of the ribbon. Thus, for those configurations in which scoreline 26 is equally spaced from the upstream press bar and downstream press bar, the bars are within approximately 1.5 inches from the score line. - Similarly,
upstream backing bar 80, secondaryupstream backing bar 90 anddownstream backing bar 100 span approximately 3 inches or less along the length of theribbon 20. In certain configurations,upstream press bar 60 can be within 2 inches or less than 1 inch fromscore line 26.Downstream press bar 70 can be less than 3 inches to less than approximately 1 inch fromscore line 26. In one configuration bars 60, 70 are located within a 37 mm length ofribbon 20. - Load sensors or force sensors, such as piezoelectric or spring biased sensors, can be connected between
respective bar carriage 120 to measure the load on the respective bar. The sensors are connected to a central controller so that the desired loads can be determined, monitored and controlled. - A scoring
assembly 130 is used to selectively formscore line 26 infirst side 32 ofribbon 20. Scoringassembly 130 can travel with one or bothupstream press bar 60 andupstream backing bar 80. For purposes of description, scoringassembly 130 is set forth as carried bycarriage 120. Thus, scoringassembly 130 will travel along the direction of travel ofribbon 20, at a velocity vector matching the ribbon. As scoringassembly 130 translates along the same direction of travel asribbon 20,score line 26 can be formed to extend transverse to the direction of travel of the ribbon. - Scoring
assembly 130 can be any of a variety of configurations well known in the glass scribing art, including but not limited to lasers, wheels, or points. - For those configurations of scoring
assembly 130 that require contact withribbon 20 to formscore line 26, the scoring assembly is also movable between a retracted non-contacting position and an extended ribbon contacting position. - Typically, scoring
assembly 130 cooperates withupstream backing bar 80 to form thescore line 26 alongfirst surface 32 ofribbon 20, such that the upstream backing bar also functions as a scoring bar opposite the contact of scoringassembly 130 andribbon 20. -
Score line 26 extends across a substantial width ofribbon 20. For the configuration ofribbon 20 havingbeads 36,score line 26 extends substantially the entire distance between the beads. Thus, the score line can extend from approximately 70% of the width ofribbon 20 to 100% of the width. Typically,score line 26 has a depth of approximately 10% of the thickness ofribbon 20. The actual depth ofscore line 26 depends in part upon scoring parameters such as scoring pressure, the geometry of the scoring assembly, the thickness of the ribbon, the material of the ribbon, and the characteristics ofglass fabrication apparatus 10. For representative ribbon thickness,score line 26 can have a depth ranging from approximately 70 microns to approximately 130 microns. - A
pane engaging assembly 140 is employed to captureribbon 20 downstream ofscore line 26 and control removal ofpane 24 upon separation fromribbon 20. A representative pane engaging assembly and associated transporter are described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,616,025, herein expressly incorporated by reference. - The
pane engaging assembly 140 includespane engaging members 142, such as soft vacuum suction cups. It is understood other devices for engagingpane 24, such as clamps or fingers that engage the lateral edge of the ribbon (pane) can be used. The number ofpane engaging members 142 can be varied in response to the size, thickness and weight ofpane 24. -
Pane engaging assembly 140 can engageribbon 20 either before or afterscore line 26 has been formed. In addition,pane engaging assembly 140 can include a drop cylinder for imparting a vertical movement ofpane 24 from newly formedterminal end 22 ofribbon 20. - With respect to separation of
pane 24 fromribbon 20 alongscore line 26, a combination of the bars contacting the ribbon is employed to propagate a crack along the score line. Any of a variety of combination of contacts between the bars andribbon 20 can be employed toseparate pane 24. For example, it is contemplateddownstream press bar 70 can be employed to provide a breaking function (function as a breaking bar). Alternatively, bothupstream press bar 60 anddownstream press bar 70 can act cooperatively againstribbon 20 to induce separation alongscore line 26. - Generally,
upper press bar 60 andupper backing bar 80 restrain a portion ofribbon 20 therebetween. By restraining the portion ofribbon 20, deviation of the ribbon from the gravity induced velocity vector is reduced. In addition, restraining a portion ofribbon 20 upstream ofscore line 26 allows the dampening characteristics of contact surfaces 56 to reduce the transmission of disturbances (energy) into the ribbon. - In contrast to prior systems, a localized bending is applied about
score line 26, wherein the localized bending is sufficient to propagate a crack along the score line. - The contact of
upstream press bar 60, upstream backing bar 80 (and secondary upstream backing bar 100) during and immediately after separation ofpane 24 fromribbon 20, function to dampen the transmission of mechanical vibrations upstream in the ribbon. Thus, movement ofribbon 20 abovescore line 26 is thus reduced during the separation process. The continued contact betweenupstream backing bar 80 andupstream press bar 60 withribbon 20 after separation absorbs a portion of the energy imparted by the separation process, and thus reduces the amount of disturbance that can migrate upstream in the ribbon. - In addition, by locating continuous lines of contact from the respective bars proximal to score
line 26, such as within 3 inches (7.6 cm), a more uniform energy distribution is applied acrossribbon 20 in the location of the score line, thereby improving separation characteristics ofpane 24. It is believed accuracy of the separation line with respect to scoreline 26 is increased asbars 60, 80 (and 70) provide a more uniform stress along the length of the score line. This allows the position ofscore line 26 to vary by as much as 1 mm without sacrificing efficiency of the separation process. - Press bars 60, 70 and backing bars 80, 90, 100 can also be employed to substantially maintain (or create) a substantially planar configuration of the ribbon in the area of
score line 26 before or after formation of the score line. - For purposes of illustration, four different specific arrangements of
upper press bar 60 andupper backing bar 80 contactingribbon 20 are set forth in detail. - Referring to
FIGS. 6 a-6 d, a first configuration of the assembly is employed toseparate pane 24 fromterminal end 22 ofribbon 20. As seen inFIG. 6 a,upstream backing bar 80 is brought to contactsecond side 34 ofribbon 20 and scoringassembly 130 is drawn across at least a portion of the width of the ribbon to formscore line 26.Pane engaging assembly 140 is shown engaged withribbon 20, prior to formation ofscore line 26. However, it is understood that the pane engaging assembly can engageribbon 20 after formation ofscore line 26. Referring toFIG. 6 b,upstream backing bar 80 functions as the score-nosing bar or anvil. Although scoringassembly 130 is shown as returning to an upstream position relative toupstream press bar 60, it is understood the scoring assembly can move laterally (horizontally inFIG. 6 b) between a scoring position and a non scoring position. Subsequently to the formation ofscore line 26,upstream press bar 60 anddownstream press bar 70 are brought into contact withfirst side 32 ofribbon 20 to locatescore line 26 intermediate the upstream press bar and the downstream press bar and restrain a portion of the ribbon upstream ofscore line 26 by the contact ofupstream backing bar 80 and the upstream press bar with the ribbon.Upstream press bar 60 andupstream backing bar 80 can be sized and located to contactribbon 20 and either an offset, overlapping or opposite relation. Further, althoughupstream press bar 60 anddownstream press bar 70 are shown as incorporated intosingle crossbeam 50, each press bar is called out as an individual structure. That is, each of theupstream press bar 60 anddownstream press bar 70 can encompassrespective contact surface 56 and a portion of thecommon crossbeam 50. - In
FIG. 6 c,upstream press bar 60 anddownstream press bar 70 are urged towardsupstream backing bar 80, whilepane engaging assembly 140 draws the ribbon from the vertical path andribbon 20 is separated alongscore line 26. It is understood,upstream press bar 60 can contactribbon 20 simultaneous with contact ofdownstream press bar 70, or prior to contact of the downstream press bar with the ribbon. In either scenario, a portion ofribbon 20 is restrained betweenupstream press bar 60 and a portion ofupstream backing bar 80, such that the ribbon remains restrained upstream of the separation line, after separation of the ribbon. - In
FIG. 6 d,upstream press bar 60,downstream press bar 70,upstream backing bar 80, and scoringassembly 130 are realigned withribbon 20 for formingsubsequent pane 24. - It is also noted that upon
upstream press bar 60 andupstream backing bar 80 having at least a slight overlapping relation along the length ofribbon 20, the application of a bending moment toupstream ribbon 20 is reduced. The amount of overlap ofupstream press bar 60 andupstream backing bar 80 is at least partially determined by the type and thickness ofmaterial forming ribbon 20. - Referring to
FIG. 7 a,upstream backing bar 80 and at leastupstream press bar 60 are brought into contact withribbon 20, prior to forming score line 26 (and thus restrain the ribbon). Again,pane engaging assembly 140 is engaged withribbon 20 prior to formation of the score line. However, it is understood thatpane engaging assembly 140 can engageribbon 20 after formation ofscore line 26. InFIG. 7 b, scoringassembly 130 is brought into contact withfirst side 32 ofribbon 20 and bears against a portion ofbacking bar 80 to formscore line 26. InFIG. 7 c, scoringassembly 130 is retracted. InFIG. 7 d, thedownstream press bar 70 is urged againstfirst side 32 ofribbon 20 to separatepane 24 from the ribbon. InFIG. 7 e,downstream press bar 70 and scoringassembly 130 are in the retracted position, whileupstream backing bar 80 andupstream press bar 60 remain in contact withribbon 20, thereby dampening the transmission of any disturbance resulting from the separation ofpane 24 from the ribbon. InFIG. 7 f, the bars are returned to an initial position for separating asubsequent pane 24 fromribbon 20. - Again, the relation of
upstream backing bar 80 and upstream press bar 60 (and downstream press bar 70) can be offset, opposite or overlapping. Althoughupstream press bar 60 anddownstream press bar 70 can be simultaneously moved into contact withfirst side 32 ofribbon 20, and simultaneously moved after formation ofscore line 26 to separatepane 24, it is anticipated that independently moving the downstream press bar to initiate crack propagation along the score line is advantageous. - Referring to
FIG. 8 a, secondaryupstream backing bar 90 andupstream press bar 80 are initially brought into contact withsecond side 34 andfirst side 32 ofribbon 20 respectively. In addition,downstream press bar 70 can optionally contact the first side ofribbon 20 to further stabilize and control the ribbon. InFIG. 8 b,upstream backing bar 80 and scoringassembly 130 are brought into contact withribbon 20 to formscore line 26 intermediateupstream press bar 60 anddownstream press bar 70. A portion ofupstream backing bar 80 contactssecond side 34 ofribbon 20 upstream ofscore line 26. Thus,ribbon 20 is restrained upstream ofscore line 26 by a portion ofupstream backing bar 80 and secondaryupstream backing bar 90 onsecond side 34 of the ribbon andupstream press bar 60 onfirst side 32 of the ribbon.Pane engaging assembly 140 engagesribbon 20. InFIG. 8 c, scoringassembly 130 is retracted afterscore line 26 is formed. InFIG. 8 d,downstream press bar 70 is urged further againstfirst side 32 ofribbon 20 causingpane 24 to separate from the ribbon. InFIG. 8 e, separatedpane 24 is removed bypane engaging assembly 140, and newly formedterminal end 22 of the ribbon is restrained by a portion ofupstream backing bar 80, secondaryupstream backing bar 100 andupstream press bar 60. InFIG. 8 f, the bars are returned to a ready position to begin the sequence for separating asubsequent pane 24 fromribbon 20. - With respect to the series of
FIG. 9 , the configuration is selected to reduce premature unintended crack propagation alongscore line 26. Generally, the configuration ofFIG. 9 induces a local compression infirst side 32 ofribbon 20 adjacent thescore line 26. This local compressive force reduces the tendency of crack propagation alongscore line 26. The bar configuration shown inFIG. 9 , provides for the initial compression and a subsequent tension acrossscore line 26, and hence controlled crack propagation. - In the series of
FIG. 9 ,pane engaging assembly 140 is employed to capturepane 24 and remove the pane from descendingribbon 20. As seen inFIG. 9 a,upstream backing bar 80, secondaryupstream backing bar 90 anddownstream backing bar 100 are mounted in acommon crossbeam 50, wherein the secondary upstream backing bar and the downstream backing bar project a greater distance than the upstream backing bar. That is,upstream backing bar 80 is recessed relative to secondaryupstream backing bar 90 anddownstream backing bar 100, so thatsecond side 34 ofribbon 20 initially contacts the secondary upstream backing bar and the downstream backing bar. Although secondaryupstream backing bar 90 anddownstream backing bar 100 can be of a softer, more easily compressible material thanupstream backing bar 80, asupstream press bar 60 contactsfirst side 32 ofribbon 20, a slight bow is imposed in the ribbon such that a local compressive force is created in the intended area ofscore line 26. - Although
upstream backing bar 80 can be separately controlled from secondaryupstream backing bar 90 anddownstream backing bar 100, the apparatus is simplified by mountingupstream backing bar 80, secondaryupstream backing bar 90 anddownstream backing bar 100 to acommon crossbeam 50, and employing different size contact surfaces 56. - Referring to
FIG. 9 b, scoringassembly 130 then forms scoreline 26 in the locally compressedfirst side 32 ofribbon 20. Subsequently, as seen inFIG. 9 c, scoringassembly 130 is retracted, anddownstream press bar 70 is urged against the first side ofribbon 20 with sufficient force to generate a localized tension in the first side of the ribbon in the area ofscore line 26.Pane 24 then separates fromribbon 20 as seen inFIG. 9 d whileribbon 20 remains restrained between secondaryupstream backing bar 90 andupstream backing bar 80 onsecond side 34, andupstream press bar 60 on the first side.Pane engaging assembly 140 removespane 24 inFIG. 9 d. Referring toFIG. 9 f, the bars and scoringassembly 130 are returned to the ready position for separating asubsequent pane 24. - The present configurations thus provide for an opposed contact of
ribbon 20 upstream of score line 26 (or score line location), wherein the upstream opposed contact can be in an offset, opposite or overlapping relation ofupstream press bar 60 andupstream backing bar 80. - Subsequently, crack propagation is induced along
score line 26 andpane 24 is separated fromribbon 20. - The upstream contact with
ribbon 20 is maintained during and after the separation ofpane 24, thereby reducing the introduction of disturbances that can migrate up the ribbon. - In certain configurations, the upstream restraining of
ribbon 20 can be subsequent to formation ofscore line 26 and substantially simultaneous with the separating of the ribbon along the score line. In further configurations, the upstream restraining ofribbon 20 precedes the formation ofscore line 26. - While the invention has been described in conjunction with specific exemplary embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications, and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing description. Accordingly, the present invention is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications, and variations as fall within the spirit and broad scope of the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1-16. (canceled)
17. An apparatus for separating a pane from a moving ribbon of brittle material traveling in a moving direction with a velocity vector V, the moving ribbon having a first side, a second side and a width direction substantially orthogonal to the moving direction, the apparatus comprising:
a scoring assembly for forming a score line in the first side of the moving ribbon of brittle material along the width direction, the scoring assembly configured to move at a velocity vector substantially matching the velocity vector V;
a first press bars extending along the width direction and configured to contact the first sides upstream of a score line at a velocity vector substantially matching the velocity vector V;
a first backing bar extending along the width direction and configured to contact the second side along substantially the entire width of the moving ribbon of brittle material at a velocity vector substantially matching the velocity vector V; and
a second press bar extending along the width direction configured to contact the first side downstream of the score line at a velocity vector substantially matching the velocity vector V.
18. The apparatus of claim 17 , wherein the first press bar and the first backing bar are in an offset relation relative to the draw direction.
19. The apparatus of claim 17 , wherein each of the first press bar and the first backing bar comprise a cross beam and a polymeric contact surface.
20. (canceled)
21. The apparatus according to claim 19 , wherein the polymeric contact surface of the first press bar comprises silicone having a Shore A hardness of 60±10.
22. The apparatus according to claim 19 , wherein a hardness of the polymeric contact surface of the first backing bar is harder than a hardness of the polymeric hardness of the first press bar.
22. The apparatus according to claim 17 , wherein the first press bar, the second press bar and the first backing bar are connected to a carriage assembly.
23. The apparatus according to claim 17 , wherein the first press bar and the first backing bar are movable between a retracted non-contacting position and an extended contacting position relative to the moving ribbon of brittle material.
24. The apparatus according to claim 17 , wherein the first press bar and the first backing bar overlap in the width direction.
25. The apparatus according to claim 22 , further comprising a load sensor connected between the carriage and at least one of the respective first press bar, second press bar or first backing bar.
Priority Applications (1)
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US13/623,526 US20130240591A1 (en) | 2005-05-17 | 2012-09-20 | Method and apparatus for separating a pane of brittle material from a moving ribbon of the material |
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US11/131,125 US20060261118A1 (en) | 2005-05-17 | 2005-05-17 | Method and apparatus for separating a pane of brittle material from a moving ribbon of the material |
US12/483,322 US8292141B2 (en) | 2005-05-17 | 2009-06-12 | Method for separating a pane of brittle material from a moving ribbon of material |
US13/623,526 US20130240591A1 (en) | 2005-05-17 | 2012-09-20 | Method and apparatus for separating a pane of brittle material from a moving ribbon of the material |
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US12/483,322 Division US8292141B2 (en) | 2005-05-17 | 2009-06-12 | Method for separating a pane of brittle material from a moving ribbon of material |
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US12/483,322 Expired - Fee Related US8292141B2 (en) | 2005-05-17 | 2009-06-12 | Method for separating a pane of brittle material from a moving ribbon of material |
US13/623,526 Abandoned US20130240591A1 (en) | 2005-05-17 | 2012-09-20 | Method and apparatus for separating a pane of brittle material from a moving ribbon of the material |
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US11/131,125 Abandoned US20060261118A1 (en) | 2005-05-17 | 2005-05-17 | Method and apparatus for separating a pane of brittle material from a moving ribbon of the material |
US12/483,322 Expired - Fee Related US8292141B2 (en) | 2005-05-17 | 2009-06-12 | Method for separating a pane of brittle material from a moving ribbon of material |
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EP (1) | EP1881939A2 (en) |
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CN (1) | CN101495418B (en) |
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Cited By (8)
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US20120318838A1 (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2012-12-20 | Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd. | Method for cutting glass sheet |
US8910845B2 (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2014-12-16 | Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd. | Method for cutting glass sheet |
WO2017156163A1 (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2017-09-14 | Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University | Sound-assisted crack propagation for semiconductor wafering |
US20190061198A1 (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2019-02-28 | Arizona Board Or Regemts On Behalf Of Arizona State University | Sound-assisted crack propagation for semiconductor wafering |
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US10828800B2 (en) | 2016-03-08 | 2020-11-10 | Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University | Sound-assisted crack propagation for semiconductor wafering |
US11504882B2 (en) | 2016-03-08 | 2022-11-22 | Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University | Sound-assisted crack propagation for semiconductor wafering |
WO2020123202A1 (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2020-06-18 | Corning Incorporated | System and method for handling and removing a peripheral region of a glass sheet |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2006124459A2 (en) | 2006-11-23 |
US20060261118A1 (en) | 2006-11-23 |
KR20080009327A (en) | 2008-01-28 |
JP5209469B2 (en) | 2013-06-12 |
CN101495418A (en) | 2009-07-29 |
US20090250497A1 (en) | 2009-10-08 |
CN101495418B (en) | 2011-11-30 |
JP2008540325A (en) | 2008-11-20 |
KR101265904B1 (en) | 2013-05-20 |
US8292141B2 (en) | 2012-10-23 |
TWI343905B (en) | 2011-06-21 |
WO2006124459A3 (en) | 2009-04-09 |
EP1881939A2 (en) | 2008-01-30 |
TW200714561A (en) | 2007-04-16 |
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