US20120247939A1 - Method for generating a negative pressure in a coke oven chamber during the discharging and charging processes - Google Patents

Method for generating a negative pressure in a coke oven chamber during the discharging and charging processes Download PDF

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Publication number
US20120247939A1
US20120247939A1 US13/503,199 US201013503199A US2012247939A1 US 20120247939 A1 US20120247939 A1 US 20120247939A1 US 201013503199 A US201013503199 A US 201013503199A US 2012247939 A1 US2012247939 A1 US 2012247939A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
coke
oven chamber
negative pressure
coke oven
coal
Prior art date
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Abandoned
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US13/503,199
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English (en)
Inventor
Ronald Kim
Rainer Worberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG
Original Assignee
ThyssenKrupp Uhde GmbH
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Filing date
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Assigned to THYSSENKRUPP UHDE GMBH reassignment THYSSENKRUPP UHDE GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KIM, RONALD, WORBERG, RAINER
Publication of US20120247939A1 publication Critical patent/US20120247939A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B27/00—Arrangements for withdrawal of the distillation gases
    • C10B27/04—Arrangements for withdrawal of the distillation gases during the charging operation of the oven
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B15/00—Other coke ovens
    • C10B15/02—Other coke ovens with floor heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B33/00—Discharging devices; Coke guides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B33/00—Discharging devices; Coke guides
    • C10B33/003—Arrangements for pollution-free discharge
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B41/00—Safety devices, e.g. signalling or controlling devices for use in the discharge of coke
    • C10B41/08—Safety devices, e.g. signalling or controlling devices for use in the discharge of coke for the withdrawal of the distillation gases

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for generating a negative pressure in a coke oven chamber during the process of coke pushing and coal charging by way of which noxious flue gases evolving particularly during the charging and pushing procedure of a coke oven chamber are sucked from a coke oven chamber to prevent these gases from escaping into the environment.
  • the invention also relates to a device for generating a negative pressure in a coke oven chamber.
  • Coke is frequently produced in coke oven chambers which are charged horizontally, wherein coal charging is followed by the coking process which produces a usable coke from coal.
  • a coal-free space is provided above the coke cake in order to ensure a trouble-free gas evolution of coking gases.
  • Coke oven gas escaping from coal when heated-up is collected in this coal-free space and incinerated by admission of air.
  • the partially burned coking gas is conducted in special channels located in the side walls of the coke oven chambers and passed into secondary heating spaces arranged beneath the actual coke oven chamber. There, it is completely incinerated by admission of a further volume of air.
  • Coke ovens of this type are called “Heat Recovery” or “Non-Recovery” coke ovens, depending on the use of the heat of combustion.
  • Typical types of construction are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,344,820 A or U.S. Pat. No. 4,287,024 A.
  • coke oven chambers As a rule, the operation of coke oven chambers is run in cycles. After a certain period of time, the carbonization of coal is complete and the coke is removed from the coke oven chamber. This is accomplished in a cycle of coke pushing, transferring the coke into a vehicle for further transportation or into a cooling device. Subsequently, the coke oven chamber is again charged with fresh coal. Since a coke oven chamber in general provides capacity for just a limited amount of coal, several coke oven chambers are united to form a coke oven bank. As a result, coke production can be continuous.
  • the coke oven chamber doors must be opened. For example, if the oven doors are opened too early, non-burned flue gases leak through the open doors or primary air apertures into the environment. When the ovens have been emptied, they are charged again with non-preheated coal. As coal is charged into the oven, an intensive evolution and incineration of crude gases occurs spontaneously due to the high oven space temperature ranging between 1100° C. and 1400° C. This is the reason for the large volume of flue gases evolving at the beginning of the cokemaking process. In conventional types of construction, these flue gases can leak unrestrictedly into the atmosphere, because the negative pressure in the combustion chamber existing with closed doors could otherwise not be maintained as the doors are open during coal charging. The flue gas quantities escaping during the coal charging procedure, too, constitute a burden on the environment and endanger the operating staff. For this reason, numerous tests and experiments have been made in prior art with the aim to avoid this non-desired escape of flue gases.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 3,844,901 A describes a device for the suction of dust-laden hot gases, said device comprised of a tapered roof supported by supporting pillars, the tip of the roof being located above the source of emissions, and a thermal expansion zone being formed by the upper zone of the roof, and there being a suction channel located in the upper zone of the roof and extending the whole length of the roof, and the cross-section of which widening towards the suction source, and the suction channel being provided with air scoops to ensure constant negative suction pressure over the entire length of the suction channel.
  • the design is claimed for all methods and chemical processes, but in particular it is suitable for horizontal coke oven chambers, the roof being located above the coke oven chamber door so that the flue gases are emitted into the roof, with the opening of the suction channel being arranged in the tip of said roof.
  • the roof extends along the whole front of the coke oven chamber.
  • the structure is stationary and it demands substantial space in front of the coke oven chamber doors, said space not being available for coke oven charging machines, for example.
  • GB 365934 A describes coke oven chambers comprised of an oven free space above the coke cake, with the coke cake being provided with channels through apertures in the coke oven chamber ceiling to withdraw the gases evolving during coal carbonization, sucking theses gases through a connecting pipe into a gas collecting pipe which is linked to all coke oven chambers, and wherein devices for controlling the pressure are arranged between the connecting pipe and the gas collecting pipe.
  • the pressure in the oven free space above the coke cake is adapted to the relevant stage of the coal carbonization process by way of adjusting the suction pressure.
  • GB 447036 discloses a method for distillation and carbonization of coal heated in cokemaking retorts, with these cokemaking retorts being arranged in rows to form coke oven banks, and with the coal being progressively heated-up so as to dry and distill it until it has attained a temperature of 600° C. whereby it is cooled.
  • the retorts can be provided with vertical heat transport ducts which can also be utilized for suction of coking gases by way of a negative pressure, said heat transport ducts being connected to the flue gas channels under the cokemaking retort in one embodiment of the process.
  • EP 1230321 B1 describes a method for discharge of hot crude gases evolving on coal carbonization in oven chambers of a coke oven battery, with the crude gases being withdrawn from the oven chambers at a temperature of 600 to 1000° C.
  • the hot crude gases evolving on coal carbonization can be supplied without any further treatment and without decreasing the crude gas temperature to a complete incineration or cracking unit, without this influencing the cokemaking process in the oven chambers.
  • the hot gas collecting main is kept at a slightly negative pressure to generate a vacuum. The process does not disclose a process step for quick aspiration of flue gases during coke pushing and coal charging.
  • an elevated negative pressure shall be understood to mean a pressure that is further reduced as compared with the atmospheric pressure. Suction must be so effected that a relatively high negative pressure is available within a short time interval so that the suction is complete and free of emissions.
  • the invention solves this task by way of an aspiration system for negative pressure which effects the aspiration through the secondary heating space via channels through the side walls, so that an elevated negative pressure is generated in the oven for the period of opening the coke oven chamber doors and of pushing and charging the coke or coal cake in the oven free space above the coke cake which is also called primary heating space.
  • this can be accomplished by means of a special aspiration device which is connected to the channels on the suction side.
  • the pressure in the primary heating space is thus lowered when the coke oven chamber doors are opened, so that the flue gases evolving during coke pushing after opening the doors are sucked into the interior of the primary heating space instead of escaping into the atmosphere.
  • Claim is particularly laid to a method for generating a negative pressure in a coke oven chamber during the process of coke pushing and coal charging, wherein
  • the aspiration procedure is started 5 minutes prior to opening the coke oven chamber doors and finished 30 minutes upon closing the coke oven chamber doors. An optimal suction of flue gases from the coke oven chamber is thus ensured.
  • the aspiration procedure is continued for up to 4 hours after the doors have been closed.
  • the flue gases may contain soot.
  • Typical negative pressures required for a complete suction of flue gases range between minus 20 and minus 50 Pa in the primary heating space near the coke oven chamber doors. To achieve this negative pressure, the discharge of waste gas from the secondary heating space and the supply of air into the primary heating space can be temporarily shut-off. In some embodiments of the inventive process, negative pressures of up to minus 120 Pa can also be achieved. The inventively sucked-off flue gas can be further used for any arbitrary purpose.
  • a vacuum receiver tank which on opening the doors of the coke oven chamber is linked via a valve to be opened to the secondary heating space so that a negative pressure is thereby generated within a short period of time in the oven free space above the coke cake, with the coke oven chamber being arranged at the end side in the direction of suction. In this manner, the negative pressure in the oven free space above the coke cake is aspirated via the channels from the secondary heating space.
  • the vacuum receiver tank will be at an elevated negative pressure and shortly connected with the secondary heating space as the coke oven chamber door is opened.
  • the negative pressure in the primary heating space is sufficient to reliably prevent an escape of gases from the coke oven chamber.
  • the negative pressure in the combustion system beneath the coke oven chamber is thus generated by a vacuum receiver tank which is linked to the secondary heating space via a lockable secondary channel which is shortly connected to the secondary heating space for the process of suction so that a negative pressure in the oven free space above the coke cake is aspirated via the channels.
  • the vacuum receiver tank can be separated by way of appropriate devices from the secondary heating space and be evacuated again.
  • the negative pressure in the combustion system is generated by a negative pressure-containing vacuum line arranged outside the coke oven chamber, the negative pressure being aspirated via a branch line in the oven free space above the coke cake via the channels.
  • This vacuum line can be arranged at any place in the vicinity of the coke oven chamber or the coke oven bank. For example, an arrangement beneath the coke oven chamber doors is possible. But an arrangement on the coke oven chamber ceiling is also possible.
  • Claim is also laid to a device for generating a negative pressure in a coke oven chamber during the process of coke pushing and coal charging, said device comprised of
  • the locking mechanism in the connection between the vacuum receiver tank and secondary heating space is configured accordingly. If the vacuum receiver tank is small and provided for taking-up an elevated negative pressure, the locking mechanism must open quickly and completely. In this case, a slide gate is suitable, for example. It opens the secondary channel between the vacuum receiver tank and the secondary heating space shortly and completely so that a sufficient negative pressure is generated in the primary heating space via the secondary heating space and the channels lying there in between. However, if the volume of the vacuum receiver tank is large in relation to the required negative pressure, a spindle will be sufficient for fine dosing, for example.
  • claim is laid to a channel that contains a regulating device for the vacuum, and which connects the secondary heating space with the suction side of an aspirating device, with the regulating device being a slide gate.
  • claim is laid to a channel which utilizes a spindle instead of the slide gate as regulating device.
  • claim is laid to a channel which utilizes a flap as regulating device. In principle, however, every regulating device effecting the adjustment of a vacuum in the primary heating space via the channels in the side wall through secondary channels at the desired level and within the desired requisition period is deemed suitable.
  • the inventive method and the device utilized for this purpose bear the advantage in that on opening the coke oven chamber doors, a negative pressure is shortly generated in the oven free space above the coke cake so that the flue gases evolving on coke pushing after opening the doors are aspirated into the interior of the primary heating space instead of escaping into the atmosphere, this method and the device prompted thereby requiring no space, neither on the coke oven chamber ceiling nor in front of the coke oven chamber doors. Non-desired emissions into the atmosphere and the liberation of flue gases representing a danger to environment and plant staff are thus avoided.
  • FIG. 1 shows a lateral view of a coke oven chamber ( 1 ) comprised of a primary heating space ( 2 ) and a secondary heating space ( 3 ).
  • the completely burned coking gas is passed on to a waste gas discharge ( 6 ) comprised of a shutoff device ( 6 a ) and terminating into a waste gas channel ( 6 b ).
  • the locking devices ( 9 ) at the apertures for the feed of secondary air into the secondary heating space ( 9 ) are shut for this procedure.
  • the valve ( 10 a ), which for example may be a slide gate for the vacuum receiver tank ( 11 ) is opened, thereby generating a negative pressure in the primary heating space ( 2 ) via the secondary channel ( 10 ), the secondary heating space ( 3 ), and the channels ( 4 ).
  • the flue gases are thereby sucked into the primary heating space ( 2 ) during the opening of the coke oven chamber doors ( 7 ).
  • the vacuum in the vacuum receiver tank ( 11 ) can be restored by means of a vacuum pump ( 12 ) via a vacuum line ( 13 ) equipped with a shutoff device ( 13 a ).
  • FIG. 2 shows a lateral view of a coke oven chamber ( 1 ) comprised of a primary heating space ( 2 ) and a secondary heating space ( 3 ), wherein a vacuum-generating and pressure-regulating vacuum line ( 14 ) are additionally arranged on the ceiling of the coke oven chamber ( 1 ), an example of which is described in GB 365934 A.
  • a vacuum line ( 14 ) connected to all coke oven chambers is arranged on the ceiling of the coke oven chamber ( 1 ).
  • a connecting line ( 14 b ) including valve ( 14 c ) and pressure regulating device ( 14 d ) the pressure in the primary heating space ( 2 ) of the coke oven chamber ( 1 ) is controlled during operation.
  • the valve ( 14 c ) for the connecting line is shut during the vacuum aspiration phase via the “downcomer” pipes ( 4 ), so that the pressure regulating device ( 14 d ) is not connected to the coke oven chamber ( 1 ) during the aspiration phase.
  • the doors ( 7 ) of the coke oven chamber ( 1 ) are open so that the coke cake ( 5 ) can be pushed out. To be seen here, too, is the wall ( 7 a ) above the coke oven chamber door ( 7 ).
  • a negative pressure is aspirated now via the “downcomer” channels ( 4 ) during this period of opening the coke oven chamber doors ( 7 ) in order to suck the flue gases back into the coke oven chamber ( 1 ).
  • U-tube-shaped apertures ( 8 a ) on the ceiling there are simple apertures ( 8 c ) installed there which are equipped with a flap ( 8 d ) that can be opened.
  • the first of these doors ( 7 b ) is opened for charging, while the other door ( 7 ) closes the coke oven chamber ( 1 ).
  • To be seen here is the charging of the coke cake ( 5 ) accomplished via a vehicle ( 16 ) with the pushing device ( 15 a ).
  • the vehicle ( 15 ) rests on rollers ( 15 b ) which in turn are arranged at plane ground level ( 16 )
  • the waste gas channel ( 6 b ) is arranged below ground, with the feeder of the secondary channel ( 10 ) being located upstream to the shutoff valve ( 6 a ) of the waste gas channel. It is provided with a valve which is opened in this case ( 10 b ).
  • the secondary channel ( 10 ) is connected to the vacuum receiver tank ( 11 ), aspirating a negative pressure from it.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Coke Industry (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
US13/503,199 2009-11-11 2010-10-28 Method for generating a negative pressure in a coke oven chamber during the discharging and charging processes Abandoned US20120247939A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009052502.5 2009-11-11
DE102009052502A DE102009052502A1 (de) 2009-11-11 2009-11-11 Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines Unterdruckes in einer Koksofenkammer während des Ausdrück- und Beladevorganges
PCT/EP2010/006603 WO2011057719A1 (de) 2009-11-11 2010-10-28 Verfahren zur erzeugung eines unterdruckes in einer koksofenkammer während des ausdrück- und beladevorganges

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US (1) US20120247939A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP2499216A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2013510910A (zh)
KR (1) KR20120091310A (zh)
CN (1) CN102666788A (zh)
AR (1) AR078961A1 (zh)
AU (1) AU2010318333A1 (zh)
BR (1) BR112012010854A2 (zh)
CA (1) CA2778789A1 (zh)
CL (1) CL2012001185A1 (zh)
CO (1) CO6551714A2 (zh)
DE (1) DE102009052502A1 (zh)
EA (1) EA201290270A1 (zh)
MX (1) MX2012005446A (zh)
NZ (1) NZ599533A (zh)
TW (1) TW201124518A (zh)
WO (1) WO2011057719A1 (zh)
ZA (1) ZA201202790B (zh)

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US10053627B2 (en) 2012-08-29 2018-08-21 Suncoke Technology And Development Llc Method and apparatus for testing coal coking properties
US10526542B2 (en) 2015-12-28 2020-01-07 Suncoke Technology And Development Llc Method and system for dynamically charging a coke oven
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CN102666788A (zh) 2012-09-12
JP2013510910A (ja) 2013-03-28
EA201290270A1 (ru) 2012-10-30
CO6551714A2 (es) 2012-10-31
MX2012005446A (es) 2012-09-07
EP2499216A1 (de) 2012-09-19
WO2011057719A1 (de) 2011-05-19
AR078961A1 (es) 2011-12-14
CA2778789A1 (en) 2011-05-19
BR112012010854A2 (pt) 2019-09-24
TW201124518A (en) 2011-07-16
CL2012001185A1 (es) 2012-07-20
DE102009052502A1 (de) 2011-05-12
AU2010318333A1 (en) 2012-05-03
NZ599533A (en) 2014-06-27
KR20120091310A (ko) 2012-08-17

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