US20120141295A1 - Support structure for a wind turbine and procedure to erect the support structure - Google Patents

Support structure for a wind turbine and procedure to erect the support structure Download PDF

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Publication number
US20120141295A1
US20120141295A1 US13/321,169 US201013321169A US2012141295A1 US 20120141295 A1 US20120141295 A1 US 20120141295A1 US 201013321169 A US201013321169 A US 201013321169A US 2012141295 A1 US2012141295 A1 US 2012141295A1
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Prior art keywords
support structure
piece
wall
pieces
prestressing
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Francisco Javier Martínez De Castañeda
Manuel Cidoncha Escobar
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Pacadar SA
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Pacadar SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/10—Assembly of wind motors; Arrangements for erecting wind motors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
    • E04H12/02—Structures made of specified materials
    • E04H12/08—Structures made of specified materials of metal
    • E04H12/085—Details of flanges for tubular masts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
    • E04H12/02—Structures made of specified materials
    • E04H12/12—Structures made of specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material, with or without internal or external reinforcements, e.g. with metal coverings, with permanent form elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
    • E04H12/16—Prestressed structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/22—Foundations specially adapted for wind motors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vertical support structure or tower for wind turbines generating electric energy or other uses, made of prestressed concrete, providing a frustoconical or cylindrical column shaft of prestressed concrete with variable height built by means of annular sectors, each of which comprises several wall pieces with a semicircular or polygonal section or semicircular or polygonal sectors, longitudinally attached to each other, and in the case of several superimposed in height, longitudinally attached with a system allowing the structural continuity of the tower. Either the wind turbine directly or another metal column shaft on which the turbine will finally be fixed will be located at its upper end.
  • This invention also has its application in the field of construction in general and especially in the industry for building and installing support structures for wind turbines generating electric energy.
  • a second aspect of the invention relates to a process for erecting the support structure or tower based on the successive incorporation of the mentioned wall pieces
  • wall piece will be understood as a piece forming the wall of the support structure or tower, being said wall thin, from 5 to 30 cm, made of prestressed concrete, with a centered prestressing and a non-prestressed reinforcement in the perimeter of the section or fiber-reinforced concrete, suitable for forming next to one or more pieces an annular sector of the support structure or tower.
  • Patent FR 1145789 relates to a process for building a tower or stack without scaffolding with prefabricated elements. Despite the fact that the document indicates that said prefabricated elements can be made of prestressed concrete, when FIGS. 8 to 10 are described it is indicated that the vertical attachments will include prestressed ties which can be seen in said figures.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,809,711 describes an apparatus and a method for attaching two precompressed concrete elements that can form structures such as masts, towers or for example bridges.
  • the patent describes prestressed concrete elements, in the form of wall pieces, connected with several prestressed strands which are prolonged extended out of the wall piece and inserted through ducts configured in a superimposed adjacent wall piece, which ducts run through virtually all of said adjacent piece, for the linking thereto by a subsequent tensioning of said extension strands, obtaining universal joints.
  • the present invention proposes a vertical support structure or tower, of the type comprising several superimposed annular structural sections, each of which integrates two or more wall pieces attached at their longitudinal edges, and it is different from the previous proposals, which are generally based on the post-tensioning of cables at the actual point of installation of the tower or wind farm, to provide the tower and the attachment joints with strength, by the particularity of building the wall pieces by prestressing in the factory, calculated according to the relative position that the piece will occupy in the tower or structure, therefore the pieces forming the tower, by incorporating the prestressing, are already by themselves structurally resistant, requiring only performing the attachments between the adjacent and superimposed wall pieces to form the tower.
  • Another distinguishing aspect of the proposal on which the present invention is based lies in a connection system between prefabricated elements with pre-tensioned reinforcement, particularly applicable to the attachment of the annular sectors of the column shaft, which allows the continuity of the prestressing action without (complete or partial) need of additional elements such as bond bars or other post-tensioning systems, and compressing the diffusion end areas of each piece in the attachments, using its own prestressing cables which configure the prestressed reinforcement of the pre-tensioned wall pieces mentioned, but which unlike the solution explained in U.S. Pat. No. 5,809,711, only affects a short end sector of each piece in the areas of attachment of the superimposed pieces.
  • the present invention solves the prefabrication of the tower by means of large wall pieces made of concrete prestressed in the manufacturing bed (controlled application of stress to the concrete by means of the tensioning of steel tendons or cables), with a length exclusively limited by the transport conditions (with lengths typically of 20 to 40 m), with a semicircular section or circular sector, or polygonal section or polygonal sector, each piece being designed to be able to work under the stresses derived from its own weight and from the transport as if it was a large U-shaped beam with a predetermined structural strength.
  • each wall piece has been calculated for each wall piece according to the relative position that said wall piece is to occupy in the support structure or tower, i.e., to suitably respond to the structural load demands in each of the sections of the tower.
  • These wall pieces thus allow forming the support structure or tower without the need of subjecting the assembly of each piece to additional, final post-tensioning operations in the field, affecting the entire piece.
  • post-tensioning operations will be performed only in some cases which exclusively affect a short development of each wall piece (typical lengths of 1 to 1.5 m), at the end part thereof, which allows compressing the facing and superimposed attachment diffusion end areas of the wall pieces.
  • the support structure or tower which is proposed integrates a generally frustoconical column shaft, although it can be cylindrical, partially formed by two or more superimposed annular structural sections or sectors, attached to each other by transverse joints.
  • each annular structural section of the tower integrates two or more prefabricated wall pieces prestressed in the factory, as mentioned, attached at their sides forming longitudinal joints of the tower.
  • the prestressing can be with post-tensioned reinforcements, in which the concreting is performed before the tensioning of the prestressed reinforcements, being housed in ducts or jacket tubes, performing their tensioning and anchoring when the concrete has acquired sufficient strength, or, as herein concerned, with 10 pre-tensioned reinforcements, in which the concreting is done after having provisionally tensioned and anchored the reinforcements in fixed elements.
  • the reinforcements are released from their provisional anchors and, by adhesion, the force previously introduced in the reinforcements is transferred to the concrete.
  • the tendon can be adhesive, as is the case of the prestressing with pre-tensioned reinforcement, or with post-tensioned reinforcement in which after the stressing adhesive material is injected between the reinforcement and the concrete, or non-adhesive, as is the case of the prestressing with post-tensioned reinforcement in which systems for protecting the reinforcement are used which do not create adhesion.
  • Each piece will be made up of a semicircular or polygonal section or sector thereof, with lithe thickness and variable radius, made of high-strength concrete which could be, if required, self-compacting concrete, high-strength concrete, or fiber concrete with a centered prestressing, or slightly deviated to correct the effects of its own weight or other temporary loads, and a reinforcement which can be by means of the addition of fibers to the concrete or with non-prestressed reinforcement in the perimeter of the section, which will be performed in the horizontal position in a mold and beds prepared for such purpose.
  • high-strength concrete which could be, if required, self-compacting concrete, high-strength concrete, or fiber concrete with a centered prestressing, or slightly deviated to correct the effects of its own weight or other temporary loads
  • a reinforcement which can be by means of the addition of fibers to the concrete or with non-prestressed reinforcement in the perimeter of the section, which will be performed in the horizontal position in a mold and beds
  • This prestressing performed in a bed by means of the positioning of jacket tubes and cables, concreting and subsequent tensioning thereof prior to the extraction of the piece from the mold, assures maintenance without cracking of the entire concrete section, preserving the mechanical and durability characteristics of the tower.
  • This aspect is crucial since in other solutions of reinforced concrete, it becomes deformed under the demands and in order for the steel to begin to work, it needs to be stretched, causing cracks in concrete. In the piece that is prestressed from the manufacturing process itself, the non-occurrence of cracks is assured, increasing the useful life of the tower and eliminating the need for maintenance, which is very expensive in other solutions.
  • the wall piece being manufactured by prestressing, it could also be obtained by post-tensioning (independently of the complexity and costs of the operation) in the factory, due to the fact that what is important is that the stressing is incorporated in the wall piece from its manufacture, providing it with the mentioned structural strength independently of the system used.
  • the longitudinal attachments (according to the generatrix of the cone frustum) between the pieces will be done by means of a wet joint, with the overlap and passage of a non-prestressed reinforcement and a subsequent filling with a high-strength mortar, or by means of a dry joint, either by means of bushes and bolts inside the wall of the piece, diagonally crossing on a ground plan and at different heights, or with perforated concrete flanges, along the inside of the longitudinal edges of the piece, which would allow joining the joint by means of screw bolts and nuts, with control of the tightening torque.
  • the vertical joints could be rotated, on a ground plan, for the purpose of preventing a continuous joint along the different spans of the column shaft, or not rotating and leaving a continuous longitudinal joint, whichever is appropriate.
  • transverse attachments between spans, or between the first span and the foundation will be carried out by means of a widening at the ends of the perforated piece in the direction of the generatrix of the piece, which allows the joining by means of high-strength steel bars which can join the joint by means of a wet attachment anchored by overlap, a screwed attachment or an attachment post-tensioned in the field at the time of assembly, which will be protected with liquid or plastic cement mortars and/or resins, as well as any other protective product such as waxes.
  • these bond bars assure the continuity of the prestressing in all the sections of the tower. Therefore, depending on the anchoring system used (prestressing without auxiliary anchoring elements, prestressing anchored at the head by means of auxiliary supports, or post-tensioning), different lengths of thicknessing and of joining will be needed, being able to use, in the case of anchoring the prestressing from the end of the piece or in the case of post-tensioning, the thicknessing of the section of concrete at the ends of the piece can be replaced by a thick metal sheet in the form of an inner flange at said end, which allows, as a result of the relevant perforations, the attachment to the rest of the elements by means of high-strength bars which will be screwed with control of the tightening torque or they will be post-tensioned.
  • these rebars could have been placed at the time of building the footing or subsequently by means of the positioning of jacket tubes in the foundation in which the bars are introduced prior to their filling with high-strength mortar.
  • Both transverse and longitudinal attachments could be provided with a guide system which enables the exact positioning of the pieces.
  • each span of the tower can be formed by two semicircular or polygonal pieces, but also by more pieces of section with a semicircular or polygonal sector, i.e., four pieces of half the section, six pieces of a third of the section, eight pieces of one fourth of the section, etc.
  • said pieces at the start of the foundation of the tower can have a different length, for example half of them could have a normal length and the other half, in an intercalated manner, could have half of said length, whereby in the successive superimpositions of the following spans, the transverse attachments are at different levels, half the pieces at the end of the tower again being of half the length so that they are all leveled.
  • This assembly system prevents the use of auxiliary towers, reducing assembly times and costs.
  • the outer and inner finishing of the concrete of the pieces could be any of those existing for another type of piece, such as smooth, painted, textured, washed, etc.
  • the pieces could have the necessary gaps for the access of people and equipment to the inside of the tower.
  • the invention also proposes a system for connecting prefabricated pre-tensioned elements based on its own prestressing cables, which offers the possibility for connection between prefabricated elements with pre-tensioned reinforcement without the need for additional elements based on the subsequent tensioning of part of the tensioning cables of the wall piece.
  • the prestressing cables used extend in said wall pieces, prestressed in the factory, through spans, projecting outside the wall piece, said extension spans being provided for being inserted through ducts configured in an adjacent wall piece, for linking thereto through a subsequent tensioning of said cable extension spans, as two superimposed wall pieces, with the ends facing, are arranged obtaining a transverse joint which assures the continuity of the prestressing.
  • the outwardly projecting part of the cables (which, in any case, is necessary for tensioning and which, however, in the conventional pre-tensioned solution must later be cut) is housed in ducts left for such purpose in the contiguous piece, which can all be located on the same side of the joint, or combined on either side.
  • the system of the invention provides for the use of elements with longitudinal grooves and even common anchor plates with said typology.
  • This new system and process for retensioning allows giving continuity to the action of the prestressing, only a thicknessing of the cross-section of the piece with a length of between 50 and 300 cm for housing the anchor elements is needed.
  • the system is not adhesive in the area of the joint, given the need for a subsequent tensioning on one hand and of the rupture of the adhesion of the concrete at the end on the other hand.
  • tensioning cable can simply be protected with grease or wax, or alternatively cement grout or resin to provide an adhesive system.
  • the wedge draw-in must be small, precise calculations being required to determine the amount of tensioning to be performed, as well as the necessary dimensions of the anchor areas, being required.
  • the 0.5, 0.6, or 0.62 inch prestressing cable or others will be usual for conventional pre-tensioned reinforcements.
  • this invention allows improving the cost expectations for the towers, offering additional advantages, such as little maintenance or the possibility of disassembling and moving the tower in the case of dry attachments, greater durability or greater fatigue strength.
  • FIG. 1 shows an elevation view of the support structure for wind turbines generating electric energy and other uses made of prestressed concrete, entirely prefabricated, with a circular section, according to the invention in which its composition carried out by means of the attachment of several spans can be seen.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross-section view of the support structure for wind turbines generating electric energy and other uses made of prestressed concrete, entirely prefabricated, with a circular section, according to section “A-A” indicated in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 shows a section view according to a longitudinal section of a pre-tensioned prefabricated element in which there has been incorporated a system for connecting two superimposed wall pieces based on prestressing cables, according to the invention, in which an example of the attachment with the ducts located on the same side of the transverse joint can be seen.
  • FIG. 4 also shows a section view, according to a longitudinal section, of another example of a pre-tensioned prefabricated element incorporating the system for the attachment of the invention, in this case with the ducts located in a combined manner on either side of the transverse attachment.
  • FIG. 5 shows an elevation view and several sections of the invention in which the arrangement of the pieces making up the assembly, in the case of the attachment of several spans, rotating the longitudinal joint of the column shaft in each span is seen.
  • FIG. 6 shows an enlarged view of detail “d 1 ” indicated in FIG. 2 , in which the inner configuration of the structure of the invention is seen.
  • FIG. 7 shows an enlarged view of detail “d 2 ” indicated in FIG. 2 , in which the attachment of the pieces with semicircular or polygonal section forming it in the case of a wet joint is seen.
  • FIG. 8 shows an enlarged view of detail “d 2 ” indicated in FIG. 2 , in which the attachment of the pieces with semicircular or polygonal section forming it in the case of a joint with bolts and bushes is seen.
  • FIG. 9 shows an enlarged view of the detail “d 2 ” indicated in FIG. 2 , in which the attachment of the pieces with a semicircular or polygonal section forming it in the case of a joint with concrete flanges is seen.
  • FIG. 10 shows a longitudinal section view of a portion of the structure of the invention and of its foundation.
  • FIG. 11 shows a section view of the structure according to section “A-A” indicated in FIG. 10 , in which a plan view of the transverse attachment between two spans of the invention can be seen.
  • FIG. 12 shows an enlarged view of detail “e 1 ” indicated in FIG. 10 , in which is seen the embodiment of the transverse joints by means of thicknessings of the walls of the piece joined with high-strength steel bars assuring the continuity of the prestressing in all the sections of the tower.
  • FIG. 13 shows an enlarged view of the detail “e 1 ” indicated in FIG. 10 , in which the embodiment of the transverse joints by means of metal flanges joined with high-strength steel bars screwed with control of the tightening torque, in the case of anchoring the prestressing from the end of the piece, is seen.
  • FIG. 14 shows a section view of the structure according to section “B-B” indicated in FIG. 10 , in which a plan view of the attachment of the first span of the invention to the foundation can be seen.
  • FIG. 15 shows an enlarged view of detail “e 2 ” indicated in FIG. 10 , in which the embodiment of the attachments to the foundation by means of the option of thicknessing of the walls of the piece attached to the foundation with high-strength steel bars but on site as rebars in the moment of making the foundation itself is seen.
  • FIG. 16 shows an enlarged view of the detail “e 2 ” indicated in FIG. 10 , in which is seen the embodiment of the attachments to the foundation by means of the option of thicknessing of the walls of the piece, attached to the foundation with high-strength steel bars but on site as rebars in the foundation by means of jacket tubes.
  • FIG. 17 shows a plan view of an attachment between spans of the invention with a detail of the positioning guides, as well as a section of an attachment between spans with the mentioned guides.
  • FIG. 18 shows a detail of the embodiment of the transport as well as the transverse bracing elements of the section.
  • FIG. 19 shows a perspective view of the alternative assembly system of the structure of the invention by means of intercalated starting spans of different measurements.
  • FIGS. 20 and 21 show respective perspective views of successive assembly phases, up to the end of the structure, from the unequal spans shown in FIG. 19 .
  • FIG. 22 shows an illustration relating to possible steps according to this invention for erecting the proposed support structure.
  • the support structure for wind turbines generating electric energy and for other uses made of entirely prefabricated prestressed concrete is formed by a prefabricated column shaft - 1 - made of high-strength concrete which is prestressed or post-tensioned in the manufacturing bed which can self-compacting, if necessary, having a frustoconical shape with variable height made by means of at least two pieces - 2 - and - 3 - with semicircular or polygonal section (not illustrated), a thin wall of 5 to 30 cm having a centered prestressing - 4 - and a non-prestressed reinforcement in the perimeter of the section - 5 - as is observed in detail “d 1 ” depicted in FIG. 6 and attached to each other by means of longitudinal joints - 6 -.
  • the prestressing - 4 - can have slight variations with respect to its centering in order to correct the effects of its own weight or other temporary loads.
  • the structure of the invention is formed by one or several spans of the mentioned prefabricated column shaft - 1 - made of concrete which is prestressed or post-tensioned in the manufacturing bed, attached to each other, where appropriate, by means of transverse joints - 7 - or by means of a connection system which will be detailed with specific reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 of the drawings.
  • the invention allows optionally performing three alternative versions according to a respective number of preferred embodiments in relation to the attachment of the mentioned longitudinal joints - 6 -.
  • the invention provides the mentioned longitudinal attachments - 6 - carried out by means of wet joints - 8 -, with the overlap and passage of the non-prestressed reinforcement and subsequent filling with a high-strength mortar, as detailed in FIG. 7 .
  • said longitudinal joint - 6 - is carried out by means of placing bushes and bolts - 9 - inside the wall of the piece diagonally crossing on a ground plan and at different heights, as detailed in FIG. 8 .
  • said longitudinal joint - 6 - is carried out with perforated concrete flanges - 10 -, along the inside of the longitudinal edges of the piece, which would allow joining the joint by means of screw bolts and nuts - 11 -, with control of the tightening torque, which is detailed in FIG. 9 .
  • transverse joints - 7 - to the foundation and between spans which are shown in FIGS. 11 and 14 will be joined by means of high-strength steel bars - 12 - which will be post-tensioned in the field at the time of the assembly and having sufficient length, thus assuring the continuity of the prestressing in all the sections of the tower, which will be protected with liquid or plastic cement mortars and/or resins, as well as any other protective product such as waxes.
  • the system of FIGS. 3 and 4 explained below can also be used for the transverse joints.
  • said steel bars - 12 - will be located in the transverse joints, traversing perforated thicknessings of the concrete wall - 13 - made at the ends of each span, as detailed in FIG. 12 .
  • these bars traverse a very thick perforated metal sheet - 14 -, forming a flange inside the column shaft.
  • the fixing of said steel bars - 12 - in said foundation - 15 - can be carried out directly at the same time as the latter, as shown in FIG. 15 , being able to alternatively, in another preferred embodiment depicted in FIG. 16 , be carried out by means of the positioning of jacket tubes - 16 - in the foundation - 15 - in which the steel bars - 12 - are introduced prior to their filling with high-strength mortar - 17 -.
  • both the longitudinal joints - 6 - and the transverse joints - 7 - could optionally be provided with a conventional guide system - 18 - as detailed in FIG. 17 .
  • the pieces will optionally be provided with a transverse bracing system - 19 - as depicted in FIG. 18 .
  • each span or column shaft - 1 - of the tower can be formed by more than two pieces - 2 - and - 3 - of section with a semicircular or polygonal sector (six pieces of a third of the section in the example depicted), half of which, at the start of the foundation of the tower and in an intercalated manner have a normal length - 2 - and the others - 3 - approximately half, such that in the successive superimpositions of the following spans - 1 -, the longitudinal attachments - 6 - are not rotated and the transverse attachments - 7 - are at different levels, half the pieces at the end of the tower again being of half the length so that they are all leveled at the top.
  • the proposed connection system between pre-tensioned prefabricated elements is carried out in this embodiment using prefabricated wall pieces - 2 -, such as those described up to this point, internally provided with pre-tensioned tendons or cables with a portion of the cable - 4 a - projecting outwardly and housed in ducts - 24 - provided for such purpose in the contiguous wall piece - 2 - to which it must be attached.
  • a thickening - 21 - of its cross-section has been made which is suitable for housing the anchoring elements - 22 - on which protective elements - 23 - such as caps or the like can be incorporated.
  • the mentioned ducts - 24 - can all be located on the same side of the joint, as observed in the embodiment depicted in FIG. 3 , or they can be combined on either side, as depicted in the embodiment of FIG. 4 .
  • the system of the invention provides for the use of elements with longitudinal grooves and even common anchor plates with said typology (not depicted).
  • the system is not adhesive in the area of the thickening 21 - in which the ducts - 4 a - are located given the need for a subsequent tensioning on one hand and of the rupture of the adhesion of the concrete at the end on the other hand.
  • the tensioning cable can simply be protected with grease or wax, or alternatively the connection system with cement grout or resin can subsequently be injected in order to provide an adhesive system.
  • FIG. 22 shows an example of the methodology that can be implemented for erecting the support structure or tower according to the invention, showing how each of the wall pieces ( 2 , 3 ) is installed separately, being attached, if that is the case, to an adjacent piece through a longitudinal joint (attachment of the vertical inter-piece contact edges or forming a transverse joint attaching one piece ( 2 , 3 ) to the one immediately below it).
  • the implementation of the invention is compatible with performing local post-tensioning local in certain parts of the tower with greater requirements or with post-tensioning affecting only some of the wall pieces or a part thereof, in the understanding that most of the wall pieces will depend on the structural rigidity obtained in their manufacture in the manufacturing bed.

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US13/321,169 2009-05-19 2010-05-19 Support structure for a wind turbine and procedure to erect the support structure Abandoned US20120141295A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09380102.5A EP2253782B1 (en) 2009-05-19 2009-05-19 Support structure for a wind turbine
EP09380102.5 2009-05-19
PCT/IB2010/052222 WO2010134029A2 (es) 2009-05-19 2010-05-19 Estructura de soporte para aerogeneradores y procedimiento para erigir la estructura de soporte

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CN110965839A (zh) * 2019-12-26 2020-04-07 国网福建省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 混合配筋混凝土电杆及施工方法
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