Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
  • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
  • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
  • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
  • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
  • D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
  • B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
  • B29C44/04—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles consisting of at least two parts of chemically or physically different materials, e.g. having different densities
  • B29C44/06—Making multilayered articles
  • B29C44/065—Making multilayered articles comprising at least one barrier layer
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
  • B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
  • B29C44/12—Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements
  • B29C44/1209—Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements by impregnating a preformed part, e.g. a porous lining
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
  • B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
  • B29C44/12—Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements
  • B29C44/14—Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements the preformed part being a lining
  • B29C44/145—Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements the preformed part being a lining the lining being a laminate
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
  • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
  • B29C66/45—Joining of substantially the whole surface of the articles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
  • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
  • B29C66/729—Textile or other fibrous material made from plastics
  • B29C66/7294—Non woven mats, e.g. felt
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
  • B32B37/0076—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised in that the layers are not bonded on the totality of their surfaces
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
  • B32B38/04—Punching, slitting or perforating
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
  • B32B38/08—Impregnating
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
  • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
  • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
  • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
  • B32B5/06—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
  • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
  • B32B5/20—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material foamed in situ
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
  • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
  • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
  • B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
  • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
  • D04H1/498—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres entanglement of layered webs
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
  • D04H1/559—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving the fibres being within layered webs
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
  • D04H1/56—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving in association with fibre formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion of staple fibres
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
  • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
  • D04H3/007—Addition polymers
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
  • D04H3/016—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the fineness
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
  • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
  • D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
  • D04H3/105—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by needling
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
  • D04H5/02—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
  • D04H5/06—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by welding-together thermoplastic fibres, filaments, or yarns
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2623/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
  • B29K2623/10—Polymers of propylene
  • B29K2623/12—PP, i.e. polypropylene
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2713/00—Use of textile products or fabrics for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
  • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
  • B29L2031/58—Upholstery or cushions, e.g. vehicle upholstery or interior padding
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
  • B32B2038/0052—Other operations not otherwise provided for
  • B32B2038/0084—Foaming
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
  • B32B38/04—Punching, slitting or perforating
  • B32B2038/042—Punching
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
  • B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
  • B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
  • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
  • B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
  • B32B2266/02—Organic
  • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
  • B32B2266/0278—Polyurethane
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
  • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
  • B32B2307/54—Yield strength; Tensile strength
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/70—Other properties
  • B32B2307/718—Weight, e.g. weight per square meter
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/70—Other properties
  • B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2323/00—Polyalkenes
  • B32B2323/10—Polypropylene
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2601/00—Upholstery
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
  • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
  • Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
  • Y10T442/609—Cross-sectional configuration of strand or fiber material is specified
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
  • Y10T442/659—Including an additional nonwoven fabric
  • Y10T442/66—Additional nonwoven fabric is a spun-bonded fabric
  • Y10T442/662—Needled

Definitions

• the present invention relates to multilayer nonwoven fabrics for use in foam molding that have excellent resistance to the separation of layers and provide reinforcing effects as well as urethane leak prevention performance.
• the invention relates to multilayer nonwoven fabrics for foam molding that are to be provided at the bottom of foamed articles such as polyurethane foams.
• Foamed articles such as flexible polyurethane foams are used as cushioning materials for products such as vehicle seats.
• a reinforcing base fabric is provided at the bottom of such a foamed article in order to increase the rigidity of the urethane foam as well as to prevent the leakage of urethane to the backside.
• this reinforcing base fabric is a combination of a Victoria lawn (cheesecloth) and urethane slab, or a worsted fabric.
• such base fabrics do not provide sufficient improvements in the rigidity of the urethane foams, or do not sufficiently prevent the leakage of urethane to the backside.
• JP-Y-S62-26193 discloses a nonwoven fabric as a reinforcing base fabric which is a combination of a thinner dense layer having a basis weight of 10 to 30 g/m 2 and a bulky thick layer having a basis weight of 40 to 100 g/m 2 .
• JP-A-H02-258332 discloses a high basis weight nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 110 to 800 g/m 2 and a fiber diameter of 1 to 16 d.
• JP-A-2004-353153 discloses a reinforcing material which includes a dense layer that is a meltblown nonwoven fabric having a fiber diameter of not more than 10 ⁇ m.
• Patent Document 3 describes that the dense layer may be a meltblown nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 40 g/m 2 or less, more preferably 15 to 20 g/m 2 , and a fiber diameter of not more than 10 ⁇ m.
• the meltblown nonwoven fabric layer having such a small fiber diameter is needle punched to a spunbonded nonwoven fabric layer, the fibers of these layers are not entangled adequately probably because of a great difference in fiber diameter between the fibers forming the meltblown nonwoven fabric layer and the fibers forming the spunbonded nonwoven fabric layer.
• the needles can cut the fibers of the meltblown nonwoven fabric layer to cause the occurrence of fiber dust on the surface of the obtainable foam-reinforcing nonwoven fabric.
• An aspect of the present invention provides a multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding in which a reinforcing layer is stacked on at least one side (or one surface) (hereinafter, referred to as “one side”) of a dense layer, wherein
• the dense layer comprises a meltblown nonwoven fabric layer (A) and spunbonded nonwoven fabric layers (B) that are stacked on both sides (or both surfaces) (hereinafter, referred to as “both sides”) of the meltblown nonwoven fabric layer (A), and the meltblown nonwoven fabric layer (A) and the spunbonded nonwoven fabric layers (B) are partially thermocompression bonded with each other.
• Another aspect of the invention provides a multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding in which a foamed urethane is stacked on the reinforcing layer side of the above multilayer nonwoven fabric.
• a further aspect of the invention provides a vehicle seat and a chair that have a multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding in which a foamed urethane is stacked on the reinforcing layer side of the above multilayer nonwoven fabric.
• the dense layer includes a meltblown nonwoven fabric layer and spunbonded nonwoven fabric layers that are partially thermocompression bonded with each other.
• the multilayer nonwoven fabric is provided inside a mold and urethane or the like is expanded in the mold, this configuration blocks the penetration of the foaming resin liquid in the middle of the multilayer nonwoven fabric.
• unusual noises by friction between the urethane foam and metal parts can be effectively prevented.
• the dense layer is constituted by the meltblown nonwoven fabric layer and the spunbonded nonwoven fabric layers that are partially thermocompression bonded with each other
• this multilayer structure can be bonded with the reinforcing layer by, for example, needle punching so as to achieve strong entanglements with the fibers of the reinforcing layer.
• the inventive multilayer nonwoven fabric allows for the production of a dense foam layer and effectively adds rigidity to the foamed layer.
• the configuration according to the invention prevents the surface of the multilayer nonwoven fabric from the contamination with the fiber dust originating from the meltblown nonwoven fabric layer.
• the nonwoven fabrics forming the dense layer and the reinforcing layer in the invention may be made of any thermoplastic resins without limitation as long as the thermoplastic resins can give nonwoven fabrics.
• Various known thermoplastic resins may be used in the invention. Examples include homopolymers and copolymers of ⁇ -olefins such as ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene and 1-octene, with specific examples including high-pressure low-density polyethylenes, linear low-density polyethylenes (LLDPE), high-density polyethylenes (HDPE), polypropylenes (propylene homopolymers), polypropylene random copolymers, poly(1-butene), poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), ethylene/propylene random copolymers, ethylene/1-butene random copolymers and propylene/1-butene random copolymers, polyesters (polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene
• ethylene polymers such as high-pressure low-density polyethylenes, linear low-density polyethylenes (LLDPE) and high-density polyethylenes, propylene polymers such as polypropylenes and polypropylene random copolymers, polyethylene terephthalates and polyamides are more preferable.
• thermoplastic resins used in the invention may contain various known additives while still achieving the object of the invention.
• exemplary additives include antioxidants, weather stabilizers, light stabilizers, antiblocking agents, lubricants, nucleating agents, pigments, softeners, hydrophilic agents, auxiliaries, water repellants, fillers and antibacterial agents.
• thermoplastic resins polyolefins, in particular propylene polymers, are preferable from the viewpoints of spinning stability during the nonwoven fabric production as well as processability, air permeability, flexibility, lightweight and heat resistance of the nonwoven fabrics.
• Preferred propylene polymers for use in the invention are propylene homopolymers or copolymers of propylene and a very small amount of one, or two or more ⁇ -olefins having 2 or more carbon atoms (except the C 3 olefin), and preferably 2 to 8 carbon atoms (except the C 3 olefin), such as ethylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene and 4-methyl-1-pentene.
• Such propylene polymers in the invention usually have a melting point (Tm) of not less than 125° C., and preferably 130 to 165° C.
• the melt flow rate (MFR: ASTM D-1238, 230° C., 2160 g load) of the propylene polymer is not particularly limited as long as the polymer can be melt spun.
• the melt flow rate thereof is usually in the range of 10 to 3000 g/10 min, preferably 50 to 2000 g/10 min, and more preferably 100 to 1000 g/10 min.
• the melt flow rate thereof is usually in the range of 1 to 500 g/10 min, preferably 5 to 200 g/10 min, and more preferably 10 to 100 g/10 min.
• the meltblown nonwoven fabric layer (A) which constitutes the dense layer in the invention is a nonwoven fabric layer made of the above thermoplastic resin, and usually has a fiber diameter in the range of 0.1 to preferably 0.5 to 3 ⁇ m, and a basis weight in the range of 0.1 to 5 g/m 2 , preferably 1 to 3 g/m 2 .
• the above fiber diameter and basis weight of the meltblown nonwoven fabric layer (A) ensure that the multilayer nonwoven fabric used as a seat-reinforcing base fabric prevents the leakage of a urethane liquid or a urethane foam (hereinafter, sometimes collectively referred to as “urethane”), as well as that the dense layer can be needle punched to the base layer with a reduced probability for the fibers of the meltblown nonwoven fabric layer (A) to be cut by the needles. Further, the above fiber diameter and basis weight enable weight reduction of the multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding.
• urethane urethane liquid or a urethane foam
• any basis weight of the meltblown nonwoven fabric layer that is in excess of the above range does not add extra effects because the improvements have been saturated at the upper limit of the aforementioned range.
• any basis weight in excess of the above range can increase the probability that many of the fibers forming the meltblown nonwoven fabric layer will be cut during needle punching when the dense layer is bonded to the base layer, resulting in the occurrence of fiber dust.
• the above ranges of the fiber diameter and the basis weight are preferable from the viewpoint of weight reduction of the multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding.
• the spunbonded nonwoven fabric layers (B) which constitute the dense layer in the invention are nonwoven fabric layers made of the aforementioned thermoplastic resin, and usually have a fiber diameter in the range of 10 to 40 ⁇ m preferably 10 to 20 ⁇ m, and a basis weight in the range of 10 to 50 g/m 2 , preferably 10 to 20 g/m 2 .
• the above fiber diameter and basis weight of the spunbonded nonwoven fabric layers (B) ensure that the dense layer and the base layer can be bonded by needle punching so as to strongly entangle the fibers of the dense layer with the fibers of the base layer, as well as that the obtainable multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding prevents urethane leakage and achieves a reduction in weight.
• the dense layer that constitutes the multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding according to the invention is a multilayer structure in which the spunbonded nonwoven fabric layers (B) are stacked onto both sides of the meltblown nonwoven fabric layer (A), and the meltblown nonwoven fabric layer (A) and the spunbonded nonwoven fabric layers (B) are partially thermocompression bonded with each other.
• a variety of thermocompression bonding methods may be used as will be described later. Embossing is preferably used.
• the term “partially” means an area ratio of 5 to 30%, and preferably 5 to 20%.
• the dense layer according to the invention preferably has a bulk density of 0.05 to 0.5 g/cm 3 , and preferably 0.05 to 0.3 g/cm 3 . This bulk density ensures that the fibers maintain denseness even after the fibers are entangled, thereby preventing urethane leakage effectively.
• the basis weight of the dense layer (the total of the basis weights of the meltblown nonwoven fabric layer (A) and the spunbonded nonwoven fabric layers (B) that have been stacked together) is usually in the range of 10 to 60 g/m 2 , preferably 10 to 35 g/m 2 , and more preferably 10 to 25 g/m 2 .
• the dense layer of the invention may be produced by a combination of a known meltblowing method and a known spunbonding method.
• thermoplastic resin is spun from spinneret nozzles, and the continuous fiber filaments that have been spun are quenched with a cooling fluid and are attenuated to a desired denier by applying a tension to the filaments by stretching air.
• the filaments are then collected on a collection belt that is moving to give a spunbonded nonwoven fabric layer (B). Thereafter, the thermoplastic resin in the molten state is extruded and spun from a meltblowing spinneret and the filaments are attenuated to ultrafine fibers by a high-temperature and high-speed air.
• the stream of the ultrafine fibers is collected by a collection device and a web of the ultrafine fibers is formed as a meltblown nonwoven fabric layer (A) on the spunbonded nonwoven fabric layer (B). Subsequently, another spunbonded nonwoven fabric layer (B) is stacked onto the meltblown nonwoven fabric layer (A), followed by partial thermocompression bonding.
• the meltblown nonwoven fabric layer (A) and the spunbonded nonwoven fabric layers (B) may be partially thermocompression bonded with each other by any known method without limitation.
• embossing is a preferred thermocompression bonding method of the dense layer because it can easily control the bulk density of the dense layer so as to be within the aforementioned range and further because it can increase the rigidity of the dense layer such that the dense layer does not sag and can be attached to a mold easily to achieve an improvement in working speed. Further, embossing is preferable also in view of the prevention of the passage of a urethane liquid.
• the embossing area ratio is usually in the range of 5 to 30%, and preferably 5 to 20%.
• Exemplary embossing shapes include circle shapes, elliptical shapes, oval shapes, square shapes, rhombic shapes, rectangular shapes, quadrangular shapes, quilt shapes, grid shapes, tortoiseshell shapes, and continuous shapes based on these shapes.
• the spunbonded nonwoven fabric layers (B) that have a larger fiber diameter than the fiber diameter of the meltblown nonwoven fabric layer (A) are stacked on both sides of the meltblown nonwoven fabric layer (A).
• the spunbonded nonwoven fabric layers (B) thus function more effectively as reinforcing materials for the meltblown nonwoven fabric layer (A).
• a reinforcing layer is stacked on at least one side, preferably both sides, of the dense layer.
• the reinforcing layer When the reinforcing layer is stacked on one side of the dense layer, urethane will be stacked on the reinforcing layer side of the multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding. That is, the multilayer structure will be urethane foam/reinforcing layer/dense layer.
• a single, or two or more reinforcing layers may be stacked on the dense layer.
• the multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding may be produced by stacking the dense layer and the reinforcing layer by any of known methods including thermal fusion bonding methods such as hot embossing and ultrasonic fusion bonding, mechanical entanglement methods such as needle punching and water jetting, adhesive bonding methods with hot melt adhesives or urethane adhesives, and extrusion laminating methods.
• thermal fusion bonding methods such as hot embossing and ultrasonic fusion bonding
• mechanical entanglement methods such as needle punching and water jetting
• adhesive bonding methods with hot melt adhesives or urethane adhesives and extrusion laminating methods.
• a preferred method is a mechanical entanglement method by needle punching, or a thermal fusion bonding method.
• needle punching is preferable in that the obtainable multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding has appropriate air permeability so as to pass a gas generated by urethane expansion while controlling the penetration of the urethane liquid.
• an oil agent such as a softener or a slip agent may be kneaded into or applied to the nonwoven fabrics for the purposes of reducing the probability for the fibers to be cut during needle punching as well as reducing unusual noise by friction between the foamed article and metal parts, while still achieving the advantageous effects of the invention.
• the multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding according to the invention has the dense layer that is configured such that the spunbonded nonwoven fabric layers (B) are stacked and thermocompression bonded on both sides of the meltblown nonwoven fabric layer (A).
• the inventive multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding preferably has an air permeability of 25 to 160 cm 3 /cm 2 /sec, and preferably 25 to 110 cm 3 /cm 2 /sec.
• This air permeability ensures good prevention of urethane leakage. Further, this air permeability enables forming of a dense foam layer and is therefore effective in improving the rigidity of the foam.
• the inventive multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding preferably has a basis weight of 20 to 160 g/m 2 , more preferably 25 to 120 g/m 2 , and still more preferably 30 to 100 g/m 2 .
• the reinforcing layer that constitutes the inventive multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding is not particularly limited and may be any of known nonwoven fabrics including continuous long fiber nonwoven fabrics such as spunbonded nonwoven fabrics and meltblown nonwoven fabrics and staple short fiber nonwoven fabrics such as wet nonwoven fabrics, carded nonwoven fabrics, dry pulp nonwoven fabrics, flash-spun nonwoven fabrics and spread-fiber nonwoven fabrics.
• the reinforcing layer is preferably a spunbonded nonwoven fabric layer (C) in view of the strength of the obtainable multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding.
• the spunbonded nonwoven fabric layer (C) in the invention is a nonwoven fabric layer that is made of the aforementioned thermoplastic resin.
• the fiber diameter thereof is usually in the range of 12 to 50 ⁇ m preferably 15 to 40 ⁇ m, and the basis weight is usually 10 to 50 g/m 2 , preferably 15 to 35 g/m 2 .
• the spunbonded nonwoven fabric layer (C) has a larger fiber diameter than that of the fibers forming the spunbonded nonwoven fabric layer (B) of the dense layer.
• the spunbonded nonwoven fabric layer (C) which has such a large fiber diameter shows excellent entanglement properties with a reduced probability of fiber breakage when the layers are bonded by needle punching, and the resultant multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding achieves excellent entanglement strength and tensile strength between the dense layer and the reinforcing layer while ensuring quick impregnation of urethane.
• the fibers for forming the spunbonded nonwoven fabric layer (C) may be single fibers, side-by-side or sheath-core conjugated fibers, or crimped fibers.
• the fibers may have a circular cross section or a modified cross section such as a V-shaped, X-shaped or T-shaped cross section. Further, the fibers may be concentric fibers having a core and a sheath.
• the spunbonded nonwoven fabric layer (C) may be a nonwoven fabric composed of a single kind of fibers, mixed fibers that are a mixture of two or more kinds of thermoplastic resin fibers, or mixed fibers that are a mixture of two or more kinds of fibers having different shapes.
• An additional layer may be stacked to the inventive multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding while still achieving the advantageous effects of the invention.
• additional layers examples include knitted fabrics, woven fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, films and paper products. These additional layers may be stacked (bonded) to the inventive nonwoven fabric by any of known methods including thermal fusion bonding methods such as hot embossing and ultrasonic fusion bonding, mechanical entanglement methods such as needle punching and water jetting, adhesive bonding methods with hot melt adhesives or urethane adhesives, and extrusion lamination methods.
• thermal fusion bonding methods such as hot embossing and ultrasonic fusion bonding
• mechanical entanglement methods such as needle punching and water jetting
• adhesive bonding methods with hot melt adhesives or urethane adhesives and extrusion lamination methods.
• the inventive multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding may be subjected to secondary processing such as gear processing, printing, coating, lamination, heat treatment or shaping processing while still achieving the object of the invention.
• the thickness was measured at five sites, namely, the center and the four corners of the basis weight measurement samples. The average thickness of the 50 sites was obtained.
• the thickness meter applied a load of 2 g/cm 2 (load area: 4 cm 2 ).
• the bulk density of the nonwoven fabric was determined from the following equation using the basis weight and the thickness obtained in (1) and (2).
• Test pieces 200 mm (MD) ⁇ 50 mm (CD) were obtained from a multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding.
• the test piece was tested with a tensile tester (AUTOGRAPH AGS-J manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) by being clamped between chucks 100 mm apart from each other and pulled at a head speed of 100 mm/min.
• the test was performed 5 times with respect to MD and 5 times with respect to CD. The average value was obtained as the strength.
• Air Permeability (cm 3 /cm 2 /sec)
• MD test piece 200 mm
• CD Frazier air permeability tester
• the multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding (400 mm (MD) ⁇ 400 mm (CD)) was attached to a foaming mold, and urethane leakage was visually evaluated based on the following criteria.
• the resin material that was foamed was polyurethane.
• the foaming mold was an automobile seat mold.
• the surface of the needle punched multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding was observed to inspect for fiber dust of a visually recognizable size ranging from about 0.5 to 3 mm. The evaluation was made based on the following criteria.
• a cross section of the needle punched multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding was pictured using a scanning electron microscope (S-3500N manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.) at ⁇ 35 magnification.
• S-3500N manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.
• the entanglements between the fibers of the dense layer and the fibers of the base layer were evaluated with respect to the micrograph. The evaluation was made based on the following criteria.
• a propylene homopolymer having MFR of 60 g/10 min was melt spun at 230° C., and the fibers were deposited on a collecting surface to give a spunbonded nonwoven fabric layer (B-1) (fiber diameter: 15 ⁇ m) having a basis weight of 5.9 g/m 2 .
• a propylene homopolymer having MFR of 400 g/10 min was molten in an extruder at 280° C., and the molten polymer was extruded from a spinneret while blowing hot air at 280° C. to the fibers at the exit of the orifices.
• This meltblowing resulted in fibers having a fiber diameter of 3 ⁇ m that were deposited on the spunbonded nonwoven fabric (B-1).
• a meltblown nonwoven fabric layer (A-1) having a basis weight of 1.2 g/m 2 was formed.
• a spunbonded nonwoven fabric (B-2) that was similar to the spunbonded nonwoven fabric (B-1) was deposited on the meltblown nonwoven fabric layer.
• the three layers were bonded with each other using a hot emboss roll having an embossing area ratio of 18%.
• a dense layer composed of the SMS nonwoven fabrics was obtained.
• the total basis weight of the dense layer was 13 g/m 2 .
• a propylene homopolymer having MFR of 60 g/10 min was melt spun at 230° C., and the fibers were deposited on a collecting surface to give a spunbonded nonwoven fabric (C-1) (fiber diameter: 21 ⁇ m) having a basis weight of 35 g/m 2 .
• the spunbonded nonwoven fabric layers (C-2) were stacked onto both sides of the dense layer, and the layers were bonded together by needle punching to give a multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding.
• the properties of the multilayer nonwoven fabric were measured by the aforementioned methods, the results being described in Table 1.
• Multilayer nonwoven fabrics for foam molding were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the basis weights of the meltblown nonwoven fabric layer and the spunbonded nonwoven fabric layers in the dense layer were changed as described in Table 1.
• the properties of the multilayer nonwoven fabrics were measured by the aforementioned methods, the results being described in Table 1.
• Example 2 Two identical dense layers were produced in the same manner as in Example 2. These dense layers were stacked one on top of the other. Spunbonded nonwoven fabric layers were stacked onto both sides of the combined dense layers, and the layers were bonded together in the same manner as in Example 1 to give a multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding. The properties of the multilayer nonwoven fabric were measured by the aforementioned methods, the results being described in Table 1.
• Example 3 Three identical dense layers were produced in the same manner as in Example 3. These dense layers were stacked on top of one another. Spunbonded nonwoven fabric layers were stacked onto both sides of the combined dense layers, and the layers were bonded together in the same manner as in Example 1 to give a multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding. The properties of the multilayer nonwoven fabric were measured by the aforementioned methods, the results being described in Table 1.
• Example 3 Two identical dense layers were produced in the same manner as in Example 3. These dense layers were stacked one on top of the other. Spunbonded nonwoven fabric layers were stacked onto both sides of the combined dense layers, and the layers were bonded together in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the basis weight and the fiber diameter of the spunbonded nonwoven fabric layers were 50 g/m 2 and 35 ⁇ m, thereby producing a multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding. The properties of the multilayer nonwoven fabric were measured by the aforementioned methods, the results being described in Table 2.
• Example 3 Three identical dense layers were produced in the same manner as in Example 3. These dense layers were stacked on top of one another. Spunbonded nonwoven fabric layers were stacked onto both sides of the combined dense layers, and the layers were bonded together in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the basis weight and the fiber diameter of the spunbonded nonwoven fabric layers were 50 g/m 2 and 35 ⁇ m, thereby producing a multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding. The properties of the multilayer nonwoven fabric were measured by the aforementioned methods, the results being described in Table 2.
• a multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the basis weights of the meltblown nonwoven fabric layer and the spunbonded nonwoven fabric layers in the dense layer were changed as described in Table 1, and that the basis weight and the fiber diameter of the spunbonded nonwoven fabric layers that were stacked onto both sides of the dense layer were 25 g/m 2 and 20 ⁇ m.
• the properties of the multilayer nonwoven fabric were measured by the aforementioned methods, the results being described in Table 2.
• a multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the dense layer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3, and that the basis weight and the fiber diameter of the spunbonded nonwoven fabric layers that were stacked onto both sides of the dense layer were 25 g/m 2 and 20 ⁇ m.
• the properties of the multilayer nonwoven fabric were measured by the aforementioned methods, the results being described in Table
• a multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the dense layer was a single meltblown nonwoven fabric layer having a basis weight of 7 g/m 2 . Needle punching generated a large amount of fiber dust which heavily contaminated the surface of the multilayer nonwoven fabric. Microscopic observation confirmed that substantially no entanglements had been formed between the meltblown fibers of the dense layer and the spunbonded fibers of the base layer. The results are described in Table 2.
• a multilayer nonwoven fabric for foam molding was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that the basis weight and the fiber diameter of the spunbonded nonwoven fabric layers that were stacked onto both sides of the dense layer were 50 g/m 2 and 35 ⁇ m. Similarly to Comparative Example 1, needle punching generated a large amount of fiber dust which heavily contaminated the surface of the multilayer nonwoven fabric. Microscopic observation confirmed that substantially no entanglements had been formed between the meltblown fibers of the dense layer and the spunbonded fibers of the base layer. The results are described in Table 2.
• the reinforcing materials for foam molding according to the present invention are applicable to any types of foamed articles.
• the use of the reinforcing material in the production of foamed articles of urethane or the like can add high rigidity and prevent unusual noises.
• the inventive reinforcing materials may be used in the molding of foamed articles for various applications such as vehicle seats including automobile seat's, furniture, chairs and beds.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Chair Legs, Seat Parts, And Backrests (AREA)
• Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)

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• 2011
  • 2011-01-31 KR KR1020127002284A patent/KR101197877B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 2011-01-31 WO PCT/JP2011/051912 patent/WO2012008169A1/ja active Application Filing
  • 2011-01-31 CN CN2011800029930A patent/CN102471968B/zh active Active
  • 2011-01-31 US US13/387,448 patent/US20120119558A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2011-01-31 JP JP2011529792A patent/JP4855557B1/ja active Active
  • 2011-01-31 MY MYPI2012000361A patent/MY152024A/en unknown
  • 2011-01-31 IN IN772DEN2012 patent/IN2012DN00772A/en unknown
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• 2015
  • 2015-11-24 US US14/950,672 patent/US10029444B2/en active Active

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