US20120100462A1 - Electrode catalyst for fuel cell and use thereof - Google Patents

Electrode catalyst for fuel cell and use thereof Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20120100462A1
US20120100462A1 US13/377,327 US201013377327A US2012100462A1 US 20120100462 A1 US20120100462 A1 US 20120100462A1 US 201013377327 A US201013377327 A US 201013377327A US 2012100462 A1 US2012100462 A1 US 2012100462A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
nafion
yes
chemical
formula
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/377,327
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Seiji Ogo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Japan Science and Technology Agency
Original Assignee
Japan Science and Technology Agency
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Japan Science and Technology Agency filed Critical Japan Science and Technology Agency
Assigned to JAPAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AGENCY reassignment JAPAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AGENCY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: OGO, SEIJI
Publication of US20120100462A1 publication Critical patent/US20120100462A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H01M4/9008—Organic or organo-metallic compounds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
    • B01J31/22—Organic complexes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
    • B01J31/24—Phosphines, i.e. phosphorus bonded to only carbon atoms, or to both carbon and hydrogen atoms, including e.g. sp2-hybridised phosphorus compounds such as phosphabenzene, phosphole or anionic phospholide ligands
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrode catalyst for a fuel cell (fuel cell electrode catalyst) and use thereof.
  • the present invention relates to (i) an economical fuel cell electrode catalyst which can be used in place of platinum as a simple substance or a platinum alloy and has easy-to-control catalytic power, and (ii) use thereof.
  • a typical fuel cell electrode catalyst has been a platinum catalyst.
  • the platinum catalyst is expensive and an exhaustible resource. Therefore, a lot of research has been done to develop an economical fuel cell electrode catalyst which can be used in place of the platinum catalyst, and various electrode catalysts therefor have been reported so far.
  • the electrode catalysts As such the electrode catalysts, a heat-treated metal complex, a layered metal complex, a polymer metal complex, etc. have been reported.
  • Examples of the heat-treated metal complex are as follows.
  • a heat-treated iron complex including, as a ligand, 2,4,6-tris(2-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine has been reported to exhibit oxygen reduction ability (see Non-Patent Literature 1).
  • a heat-treated cobalt complex including a porphyrin derivative as a ligand has been disclosed as the electrode catalyst (see Patent Literature 1).
  • heat-treated mononuclear and dinuclear complexes each having a phenolate skeleton have been disclosed as the electrode catalyst (see Non-Patent Literature 2).
  • a metal complex is burned at a high temperature. Consequently, the metal complex is thermally decomposed, so that the heat-treated metal complex no longer maintains its complex structure.
  • each of the above heat-treated metal complexes is not a complex but a metal catalyst.
  • Examples of the layered metal complex are as follows.
  • a layered metal complex including a dithiooxamide derivative as a ligand has been reported as the electrode catalyst (see Patent Literature 3).
  • an interlayer metal complex including a cobalt complex which includes a dithiooxamide derivative as a ligand and into which platinum is inserted has been reported as the electrode catalyst (see Patent Literature 4).
  • Examples of the polymer metal complex are as follows. A polymer metal complex including pyrrole which is polymerized with hydrogen peroxide and coordinates to cobalt has been reported as the electrode catalyst (see Non-Patent Literature 2). Further, a polymer metal complex of cobalt including a polymerized ligand has been reported to function as the electrode catalyst (see Patent Literature 5).
  • Non-Patent Literature 3 a rhodium complex including a porphyrin derivative as a ligand is used as an anode catalyst.
  • Non-Patent Literatures 4 and 5 it has been reported that a ruthenium complex and an osmium complex are used as a part of a biotechnological fuel cell and work for electron transfer, although the ruthenium complex and the osmium complex do not constitute a fuel cell electrode catalyst (See Non-Patent Literatures 4 and 5).
  • each of the heat-treated metal complexes is merely a metal catalyst.
  • each of the above layered metal complexes, the polymer metal complexes, etc. has a layered structure or a structure in which a polymer coordinates to a metal atom. Therefore, it is impossible to freely design a ligand of each of these metal complexes. Namely, it is impossible to easily control the catalytic power of the metal complexes.
  • Non-Patent Literature 3 includes the porphyrin derivative as the ligand. Therefore, it is difficult to make a great modification in the structure of this metal catalyst in order to control its catalytic power.
  • the present invention was made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an economical fuel cell electrode catalyst which can be used in place of platinum as a simple substance or a platinum alloy and has easy-to-control catalytic power.
  • the inventors of the present invention made diligent studies in order to attain the above object. As a result, the inventors of the present invention reached the unique finding that use of a molecular metal complex having a certain structure makes it possible to provide an economical fuel cell electrode catalyst which can be used in place of platinum as a simple substance or a platinum alloy and has easy-to-control catalytic power. Consequently, the inventors of the present invention completed the present invention.
  • a fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention includes one or more molecular metal complexes, each of the one or more molecular metal complexes being a metal complex (i) having a molecular weight of 2000 or less, (ii) not having a layered structure, and (iii) including a total of one or more but not more than three metal atoms and/or metal ions to each of which three or more but not more than six ligands coordinate, each of the one or more molecular metal complexes being a metal complex other than a porphyrin derivative, in a case where (i) the each of the one or more molecular metal complexes includes one metal atom or one metal ion and (ii) four ligands coordinate to the one metal atom or the one metal ion.
  • the molecular metal complex included in the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention is not a polymer compound and does not have a layered structure. Therefore, it is possible to thermodynamically and kinetically control reaction of the molecular metal complex with hydrogen or oxygen. Further, the molecular metal complex is water-soluble and stable in water. Therefore, the molecular metal complex is very effective as an electrode catalyst in a fuel cell which uses (i) hydrogen including saturated steam and (ii) oxygen. Furthermore, the molecular metal complex has high flexibility in designing of the structure of the ligand. Therefore, it is possible to easily control the catalytic power by changing the ligand. Namely, with the molecular metal complex, it is possible to easily control electronic effects, and also to ravel a mechanism of electrode reaction.
  • a fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention includes one or more molecular metal complexes, each of the one or more molecular metal complexes being a metal complex (i) having a molecular weight of 2000 or less, (ii) not having a layered structure, and (iii) including a total of one or more but not more than three metal atoms and/or metal ions to each of which three or more but not more than six ligands coordinate, each of the one or more molecular metal complexes being a metal complex other than a porphyrin derivative, in a case where (i) the each of the one or more molecular metal complexes includes one metal atom or one metal ion and (ii) four ligands coordinate to the one metal atom or the one metal ion.
  • the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention it is possible to provide an economical fuel cell electrode catalyst which can be used in place of platinum as a simple substance or a platinum alloy and has easy-to-control catalytic power.
  • the use of the above molecular metal complex as the fuel cell electrode catalyst makes it possible to freely and precisely design the ligand, thereby enabling to freely control the nature of the electrode complex catalyst.
  • the above molecular metal complex has such a structure that it would not be burned at a high temperature. Therefore, it is possible to provide a fuel cell electrode catalyst maintaining a chemical structure of a metal complex.
  • Non-Patent Literature 3 describes that the rhodium complex including the porphyrin derivative as the ligand has a catalytic property only in the hydrogen electrode.
  • this rhodium complex includes, as the ligand, the porphyrin derivative having a porphyrin structure. Therefore, even by modifying the structure of the ligand, it is impossible to significantly change the complex structure. Namely, this rhodium complex is not the one having easy-to-control catalytic power. Meanwhile, the inventors of the present invention used, as the fuel cell electrode catalyst, molecular metal complexes that the inventors of the present invention had developed so far. As a result, the inventors of the present invention found for the first time that a molecular metal complex can function as the fuel cell electrode catalyst.
  • a fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention is a fuel cell electrode catalyst including one or more molecular metal complexes, each of the one or more molecular metal complexes being a metal complex (i) including a total of one or more but not more than three metal atoms and/or metal ions to each of which three or more but not more than six ligands coordinate, (ii) having a molecular weight of 2000 or less, and (iii) not having a layered structure.
  • Each of the one or more molecular metal complexes is a metal complex other than a porphyrin derivative, in a case where (i) said each of the one or more molecular metal complexes includes one metal atom or one metal ion and (ii) four ligands coordinate to the one metal atom or the one metal ion.
  • This electrode catalyst may be either a solid or a solution.
  • the molecular metal complex refers to a mononuclear or multinuclear coordination compound whose central atom or central ion is a metal atom or a metal ion and which is not a polymer and does not have a layered structure.
  • the molecular metal complex is not a polymer complex in which a lateral group of a polymer serves as a ligand so as to form coordinate bond with a metal atom or a metal ion.
  • the ligand included in the molecular metal complex is a low-molecular-weight molecule or ion, more preferably an unpolymerized molecule or ion.
  • the molecular metal complex is not a polymer which is made of a low-molecular-weight organic polydentate ligand and a metal atom or a metal ion and which is a coordination polymer whose main chain includes repeating units coordinate-bonded to each other.
  • the expression “low-molecular-weight” means a molecular weight of 2000 or less.
  • a coordination compound does not have a layered structure means that the coordination compound is not the above-described layered metal complex (e.g., Patent Literature 3) or the interlayer metal complex (e.g., Patent Literature 4).
  • the molecular metal complex is a metal complex other than a porphyrin derivative, in a case where (i) the molecular metal complex includes one metal atom or one metal ion and (ii) four ligands coordinate to the one metal atom or the one metal ion.
  • the “porphyrin derivative” herein is used synonymously with a “porphyrin complex”.
  • Examples of the porphyrin derivative include ( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ -tetraphenylporphine)iron(II), (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octaethylporphine)iron(II), and the like.
  • the molecular metal complex including (i) one metal atom or one metal ion and (ii) four ligands coordinating to the one metal atom or the one metal ion is not a porphyrin derivative.
  • the molecular metal complex includes, in its molecule, a total of one or more but not more than three metal atoms and/or metal ions to each of which three or more but not more than six ligands coordinate.
  • a molecular metal complex expressed by the later-described General Formula (9) includes, in its molecule, M 13 and M 14 , i.e., a total of (i) two metal atoms, (ii) two metal ions, or (iii) one metal atom and one metal ion.
  • L 41 through L 44 i.e., four ligands coordinate to M 13
  • L 43 through L 46 i.e., four ligands coordinate to M 14 .
  • the metal atom or the metal ion is not limited to any specific kind.
  • Examples of the metal atom or the metal ion encompass metal atoms or metal ions of 3A group elements (Sc, Y), 4A group elements (Ti, Zr, Hf, Rf), 5A group elements (V, Nb, Ta, Db), 6A group elements (Cr, Mo, W, Sg), 7A group elements (Mn, Tc, Re, Bh), 8 group elements (Fe, Ru, Os, Hs, Co, Rh, Ir, Mt, Ni, Pd, Pt, Uun), 1B group elements (Cu, Ag, Au, Uuu), 3B group elements (Al, Ga, In, Ti), and 6B group elements (Se, Te, Po) in a periodic table.
  • the periodic table herein refers to the periodic table defined in page 1079, Table 1 of “ Tokyo Kagaku Doujin, Kagaku Daijiten , First Edition” Ed. Michinori Ohki et al., published on Oct. 20, 1989, Tokyo Kagaku Doujin.
  • the metal atom or the metal ion is more preferably one or more kinds selected from the metal atoms or the metal ions of the 6A group elements, the 7A group elements, and the 8 group elements, specifically, atoms or ions of Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, W, Re, Os, Ir, and the like.
  • the metal atom or the metal ion may be selected from the metal atoms or the metal ions of the 8 group elements.
  • the metal ion may have any valence, as long as the valence is possible for the metal.
  • the “ligand” herein refers to a molecule or an ion that is coordinate-bonded to a certain atom, as described in page 1751 of “ Tokyo Kagaku Doujin, Kagaku Daijiten , First Edition” Ed. Michinori Ohki et al., published on Oct. 20, 1989, Tokyo Kagaku Doujin.
  • the ligand is not limited to any specific kind, as long as it is a low-molecular-weight molecule or ion.
  • each of ligand atoms of the ligands included in the molecule is independently a hydrogen atom, a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, a phosphor atom, a sulfur atom, or a halogen atom.
  • the halogen atom encompass a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom.
  • the “ligand atom” herein refers to an atom which is included in the ligand and directly involves coordinate bond with the metal atom or the metal ion.
  • the molecular metal complex of the present invention has a low molecular weight, and has a relatively simple structure as compared with complexes having layered structures such as the layered metal complex and the interlayer metal complex. Therefore, the molecular metal complex of the present invention has high flexibility in designing of the ligand. Accordingly, it is easy to control the catalytic power of the molecular metal complex of the present invention. Furthermore, the molecular metal complex of the present invention would not be burned even at a high temperature. Therefore, even at a high temperature, the molecular metal complex of the present invention would not be changed into a mere metal catalyst, and accordingly can maintain a structure of a metal complex.
  • the inventors of the present invention designed various complexes as the above molecular metal complex, and found that each of these complexes functions as the fuel cell electrode catalyst.
  • the one or more molecular metal complexes include one or more molecular metal complexes selected from molecular metal complexes expressed by the following General Formulae (1) through (73):
  • each of L 1 through L 624 independently indicates a ligand
  • each of M 1 through M 194 independently indicates a metal atom or a metal ion
  • the molecular metal complex expressed by the General Formula (2) is a metal complex other than a porphyrin derivative.
  • the one or more molecular metal complexes selected from the molecular metal complexes expressed by the General Formulae (1) through (73) include one or more molecular metal complexes selected from the molecular metal complexes expressed by the General Formulae (5) through (21).
  • the later-described Examples indicate that the dinuclear molecular metal complexes expressed by the General Formulae (5) through (21) include molecular metal complexes exhibiting high electromotive forces.
  • each of L 1 through L 624 independently indicates a ligand.
  • the ligand is not limited to any particular kind, as long as it is a low-molecular-weight molecular or ion.
  • each of ligand atoms of L 1 through L 624 is independently a hydrogen atom, a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, a phosphor atom, a sulfur atom, or a halogen atom.
  • each of the above ligands can coordinate to a metal through deprotonation.
  • any combination of the above ligands and the above metal atoms or metal ions can be selected.
  • the molecular metal complexes expressed by the General Formulae (5) through (21) as L 19 through L 130 and M 5 through M 38 , any combination of the above ligands and the above metal atoms or metal ions can be selected.
  • the molecular metal complexes whose structures are made of such combinations would not be burned at a high temperature. With this, it is possible to prepare a fuel cell electrode catalyst maintaining a chemical structure of a metal complex.
  • the above molecular metal complex is water-soluble and stable in water. Therefore, the above molecular metal complex is very effective in a fuel cell which uses (i) hydrogen including saturated steam, etc. and (ii) oxygen.
  • any combination of (i) the above ligands and (ii) the above metal atoms or metal ions can be selected.
  • the above molecular metal complex can be a dinuclear metal complex in which two metal atoms or two metal ions are crosslinked by a sulfur atom.
  • This dinuclear metal complex is, for example, a dinuclear metal complex including a sulfur atom as at least one of L 20 and L 21 in the General Formula (5), at least one of L 24 and L 25 in the General Formula (6), at least one of L 29 and L 30 in the General Formula (7), at least one of L 35 and L 36 in the General Formula (8), at least one of L 43 and L 44 in the General Formula (9), at least one of L 49 and L 50 in the General Formula (10), at least one of L 56 and L 57 in the General Formula (11), at least one of L 65 and L 66 in the General Formula (12), at least one of L 73 and L 74 in the General Formula (13), at least one of L 83 and L 84 in the General Formula (14), at least one of L 89 , L 90 , and L 91 in the General Formula (15), at least one of L 92 , L 93 , and L 94 in the General Formula (16), at least one of L 97 , L 98 , and L 99
  • the molecular metal complexes expressed by the Chemical Formulae (131) through (138) are more preferable, because each of these molecular metal complexes exhibits high electromotive force, as indicated by the later-described Examples.
  • a method for producing the above molecular metal complex is not particularly limited.
  • the method for producing the above molecular metal complex can be suitably selected from conventionally-known methods according to a ligand coordinating to the molecular metal complex, and can be a combination of such the methods. Further, the above molecular metal complex can be a commercially available molecular metal complex.
  • a fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention includes one or more molecular metal complexes selected from the molecular metal complexes indicated above.
  • the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention can be suitably used in any fuel cells.
  • the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention can be more suitably used in a solid polymer fuel cell.
  • the solid polymer fuel cell is configured so as to include an electrolyte membrane sandwiched by an anode and a cathode. Further, electricity and thermal energy are taken from the solid polymer fuel cell through electrochemical reaction of (i) hydrogen, etc. serving as a fuel and (ii) oxygen (or the air) serving as an oxidant. In this process, oxidation reaction of the fuel occurs in the anode (also called a negative electrode or a fuel electrode), whereas reduction of the oxidant occurs in the cathode (also called a positive electrode or an air electrode).
  • the fuel can be gasoline, methanol, diethyl ether, carbon hydride, or the like, each of which is reformed into hydrogen and supplied to the fuel cell.
  • the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention is applicable also to a direct-type fuel cell to which methanol, diethyl ether, or the like can be directly supplied as a fuel.
  • the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention only needs to include one or more molecular metal complexes selected from the molecular metal complexes indicated above. Namely, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention may include a single kind of molecular metal complex selected from the molecular metal complexes exemplified above. Alternatively, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention may include two or more kinds of molecular metal complexes selected from the molecular metal complexes indicated above.
  • the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention may include only the above molecular metal complex. Alternatively, if necessary, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention may include other component(s) in addition to the above molecular metal complex.
  • the “other component(s)” encompass: catalyst supports such as Vulcan (manufactured by Cabot Corporation), carbon black, acetylene black, furnace black, graphite, carbon nanotube, carbon nanofiber, black smoke, carbon fiber, and activated charcoal; and conductive polymers such as polyacetylene, polypyrrole, polythiol, polyimidazole, polypyridine, polyaniline, and polythiophene.
  • catalyst supports such as Vulcan (manufactured by Cabot Corporation), carbon black, acetylene black, furnace black, graphite, carbon nanotube, carbon nanofiber, black smoke, carbon fiber, and activated charcoal
  • conductive polymers such as polyacetylene, polypyrrole, polythiol, polyimidazole, polypyridine, polyaniline, and polythiophene.
  • a percentage of (i) other component(s) with respect to (ii) the molecular metal complex included in the fuel cell electrode catalyst is not particularly limited.
  • a percentage of the catalyst support with respect to the molecular metal complex is 0 wt % or more but not more than 50 wt %
  • a percentage of the conductive polymer with respect to the molecular metal complex is 0 wt % or more but not more than 50 wt %.
  • the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention may contain a proton-conductive polymer electrolyte such as Nafion (Registered Trademark), Flemion (Registered Trademark), or Aciplex (Registered Trademark).
  • a proton-conductive polymer electrolyte such as Nafion (Registered Trademark), Flemion (Registered Trademark), or Aciplex (Registered Trademark).
  • the present invention is based on the following finding that the inventors of the present invention have reached for the first time: A molecular metal complex, which has been conventionally considered not to have ability as the fuel cell electrode catalyst, functions as the fuel cell electrode catalyst.
  • the above molecular metal complex exhibits an ability to function as the fuel cell electrode catalyst also in the cathode.
  • the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention including the above molecular metal complex is a fuel cell electrode catalyst usable in each of the anode and the cathode, which fuel cell electrode catalyst can be used in each of the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell.
  • the above molecular metal complex can be used not only in the anode but also in the cathode, it is possible to further reduce a use amount of platinum as a simple substance or a platinum alloy and to more easily control the catalytic power.
  • a fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention is economical and has easy-to-control catalytic power. Therefore, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention can be suitably used in a fuel cell electrode, a fuel cell, and an electric power generation method. Namely, the scope of the present invention encompass a fuel cell electrode including the fuel cell electrode catalyst, a fuel cell including the fuel cell electrode catalyst, and an electric power generation method using the fuel cell electrode catalyst.
  • a fuel cell electrode of the present invention is not particularly limited, as long as it includes the above fuel cell electrode catalyst.
  • the fuel cell electrode of the present invention can include any of various conventionally-known structures according to a type of a fuel cell.
  • the fuel cell electrode of the present invention can be applied to a catalyst layer-attached gas diffusion layer electrode for the cathode and/or the anode.
  • a catalyst layer containing the above fuel cell electrode catalyst is laminated on a gas diffusion layer.
  • the gas diffusion layer is made of porous carbon or the like such as carbon cloth or carbon paper, and is configured to diffuse a fuel or oxygen (the air) supplied via a gas flow path so that the fuel or oxygen (the air) is efficiently supplied to the catalyst.
  • the catalyst layer provided on the gas diffusion layer is produced, e.g., in such a manner that the above fuel cell electrode catalyst is applied onto the gas diffusion layer in the form of a solution, a suspension, slurry, paste, or the like and is then dried.
  • a medium for making the above fuel cell electrode catalyst into the form of the solution, suspension, slurry, paste, or the like may be suitably selected from conventionally-known media.
  • the catalyst layer may contain the above catalyst support, conductive polymer, ionomer, and/or the like, in addition to the above fuel cell electrode catalyst.
  • the catalyst support, conductive polymer, ionomer, and/or the like may be added to the solution, suspension, slurry, paste, or the like of the above fuel cell electrode catalyst.
  • the catalyst support, conductive polymer, ionomer, and/or the like may be applied in the form of a solution, a suspension, slurry, paste, or the like before/after or at the same time with the application of the catalyst layer, independently of the solution, suspension, slurry, paste, or the like of the above fuel cell electrode catalyst.
  • a configuration of a fuel cell of the present invention is not particularly limited, as long as it is employed in a generally-used fuel cell.
  • the fuel cell of the present invention is configured to include at least an electrolyte membrane, an anode, and a cathode, the electrolyte membrane being sandwiched by the anode and the cathode.
  • Such the fuel cell can be produced, for example, as follows.
  • a catalyst layer-attached gas diffusion layer electrode for the cathode and (ii) a catalyst layer-attached gas diffusion layer electrode for the anode are produced.
  • an electrolyte membrane is provided between the catalyst layer-attached gas diffusion layer electrodes thus produced so that catalyst layers of the respective catalyst layer-attached gas diffusion layer electrodes face each other via the electrolyte membrane. Consequently, a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) is obtained.
  • MEA membrane electrode assembly
  • the membrane electrode assembly thus obtained can be incorporated into a fuel cell for use.
  • the fuel cell of the present invention only needs to include the above fuel cell electrode catalyst(s) independently for the anode and/or the cathode.
  • the fuel cell electrodes of the present invention may be used in both of the anode and the cathode.
  • the fuel cell electrode of the present invention may be used in either one of the anode and the cathode.
  • an opposing electrode catalyst may be any of conventionally-known catalysts, for example, a catalyst containing platinum as a simple substance, a platinum alloy, or the like.
  • the electrolyte membrane is not particularly limited, as long as it is a polymer membrane having high hydrogen ion conductivity.
  • the electrolyte membrane can be any of generally-used electrolyte membranes such as perfluorosulfonic acid proton exchanging membranes, examples of which encompass Nafion (Registered Trademark), Flemion (Registered Trademark), and Aciplex (Registered Trademark).
  • An electric power generation method of the present invention only needs to include the step(s) of: oxidizing a fuel through use of the above fuel cell electrode catalyst; and/or reducing an oxidant through use of the above fuel cell electrode catalyst.
  • the electric power generation method of the present invention may include both of or either one of the steps of: oxidizing a fuel through use of the above fuel cell electrode catalyst; and reducing an oxidant through use of the above fuel cell electrode catalyst.
  • the electric power generation method of the present invention includes the step(s) of: causing, through use of the above fuel cell electrode catalyst, a hydrogen molecule to release an electron so that the hydrogen molecule is turned into a hydrogen ion; and/or causing, through use of the above fuel cell electrode catalyst, the hydrogen ion, the electron, and an oxygen molecule to react each other so that water is generated.
  • the electric power generation method of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be carried out by any of generally-known processes.
  • hydrogen gas is supplied to the anode of the fuel cell, whereas oxygen is supplied to the cathode of the fuel cell.
  • oxygen is supplied to the cathode of the fuel cell.
  • the hydrogen gas and oxygen may be moistured through a bubbler.
  • the present invention can be expressed also as follows:
  • the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention may preferably be arranged such that the one or more molecular metal complexes include, as the above molecular metal complex, one or more molecular metal complexes selected from molecular metal complexes expressed by General Formulae (1) through (73) above, where each of L 1 through L 624 independently indicates a ligand, each of M 1 through M 194 independently indicates a metal atom or a metal ion, and the molecular metal complex expressed by the General Formula (2) is a metal complex other than a porphyrin derivative.
  • the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention may preferably be arranged such that the one or more molecular metal complexes selected from the molecular metal complexes expressed by the General Formulae (1) through (73) include one or more molecular metal complexes selected from the molecular metal complexes expressed by the General Formulae (5) through (21).
  • the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention may preferably be arranged such that the fuel cell electrode catalyst is usable in each of an anode and a cathode.
  • the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention may preferably be arranged such that the one metal atom or one metal ion is a metal atom or a metal ion thereof, the metal atom being selected from the group consisting of metal atoms and metal ions of 3A group elements, 4A group elements, 5A group elements, 6A group elements, 7A group elements, 8 group elements, 1B group elements, 3B group elements, and 6B group elements in a periodic table.
  • the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention may preferably be arranged such that the one metal atom or one metal ion is a metal atom or a metal ion thereof, the metal atom being selected from the group consisting of the metal atoms and the metal ions of the 8 group elements.
  • the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention may preferably be arranged such that each of ligand atoms of the ligands indicated by L 1 through L 624 is independently a hydrogen atom, a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, a phosphor atom, a sulfur atom, or a halogen atom.
  • the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention may preferably be arranged such that each of the ligands indicated by L 1 through L 624 is independently selected from ligands expressed by the above Chemical Formulae (74) through (116).
  • the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention may preferably be arranged such that the one or more molecular metal complexes selected from the molecular metal complexes expressed by the General Formulae (1) through (73) are selected from molecular metal complexes expressed by the above Chemical Formulae (117) through (151).
  • the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention may preferably be arranged such that the one or more molecular metal complexes selected from the molecular metal complexes expressed by the Chemical Formulae (117) through (151) are selected from the molecular metal complexes expressed by the Chemical Formulae (131) through (138).
  • a fuel cell electrode of the present invention includes a fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention.
  • a fuel cell of the present invention includes a fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention independently for each of an anode and/or a cathode.
  • An electric power generation method of the present invention includes the steps of: oxidizing a fuel through use of a fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention; and/or reducing an oxidant through use of a fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention.
  • a membrane electrode assembly was produced by (i) providing, on the hydrogen electrode (anode) side, a carbon cloth to which the molecular metal complex was applied and (ii) providing, on the oxygen electrode (cathode) side, a carbon cloth to which platinum carbon TEC10V50E (manufactured by Takana Kikinzoku Kogyo K.K.) was applied so that a polymer membrane (Nafion (Registered Trademark) NRE212, manufactured by DuPont) was sandwiched by these carbon cloths.
  • the membrane electrode assembly thus obtained was incorporated into a fuel cell (manufactured by Toyo Corporation). In this manner, a fuel cell was produced.
  • the polymer membrane was sandwiched by the carbon cloths so that (i) a side of one of the carbon clothes to which side the molecular metal complex was applied and (ii) a side of the other of the carbon cloths to which side platinum was applied face each other via the polymer membrane. Hydrogen and oxygen were supplied to the fuel cell thus produced, and an electromotive force of the fuel cell was measured. The result of the measurement is shown in Table 1.
  • each of the hydrogen electrode (anode) and the oxygen electrode (cathode) contains Vulcan (manufactured by Cabot Corporation) and Nafion (Registered Trademark) functioning as an ionomer.
  • Vulcan manufactured by Cabot Corporation
  • Nafion Registered Trademark
  • 10 mg of the molecular metal complex and 60 mg of Vulcan were added to 100 mg of a Nafion (Registered Trademark) solution (Nafion perfluorinated ion-exchange resin, 5 wt % soln in lower aliphatic alcohols/H 2 O mix (product name), manufactured by Aldrich), and the mixture was dispersed by an ultrasonic vibration machine. Then, the resultant solution was applied to a carbon cloth. In a similar way, platinum carbon was applied to a carbon cloth.
  • a membrane electrode assembly was produced by (i) providing, on the hydrogen electrode side, a carbon cloth to which platinum carbon TEC10V50E (manufactured by Takana Kikinzoku Kogyo K.K.) was applied and (ii) providing, on the oxygen electrode side, a carbon cloth to which the molecular metal complex was applied so that a polymer membrane (Nafion (Registered Trademark) NRE212, manufactured by DuPont) was sandwiched by these carbon cloths.
  • the membrane electrode assembly thus obtained was incorporated into a fuel cell (manufactured by Toyo Corporation). In this manner, a fuel cell was produced.
  • the polymer membrane was sandwiched by the carbon cloths so that (i) a side of one of the carbon cloths to which side the molecular metal complex was applied and (ii) a side of the other of the carbon cloths to which side platinum was applied face each other via the polymer membrane. Hydrogen and oxygen were supplied to the fuel cell thus produced, and an electromotive force of the fuel cell was measured. The result of the measurement is shown in Table 1.
  • each of the hydrogen electrode (anode) and the oxygen electrode (cathode) contains Vulcan (manufactured by Cabot Corporation) and Nafion (Registered Trademark) functioning as an ionomer.
  • Vulcan manufactured by Cabot Corporation
  • Nafion Registered Trademark
  • 10 mg of the molecular metal complex and 60 mg of Vulcan were added to 100 mg of a Nafion (Registered Trademark) solution (Nafion perfluorinated ion-exchange resin, 5 wt % soln in lower aliphatic alcohols/H 2 O mix (product name), manufactured by Aldrich), and the mixture was dispersed by the ultrasonic vibration machine.
  • the resultant solution was applied to a carbon cloth.
  • platinum carbon was applied to a carbon cloth.
  • the hydrogen electrode includes, as a conductive polymer, polypyrrole which was caused to be supported by Vulcan with reference to Non-Patent Literature 2.
  • a membrane electrode assembly was produced by providing, on both of the hydrogen electrode side and the oxygen electrode side, carbon cloths to each of which the molecular metal complex was applied so that a polymer membrane (Nafion (Registered Trademark) NRE212, manufactured by DuPont) was sandwiched by these carbon cloths.
  • the membrane electrode assembly thus obtained was incorporated into a fuel cell (manufactured by Toyo Corporation). In this manner, a fuel cell was produced.
  • the polymer membrane was sandwiched by the carbon cloths so that sides of the respective carbon cloths to each of which sides the molecular metal complex was applied face each other via the polymer membrane. Hydrogen and oxygen were supplied to the fuel cell thus produced, and an electromotive force of the fuel cell was measured. The result of the measurement is shown in Table 1.
  • each of the hydrogen electrode (anode) and the oxygen electrode (cathode) contains Vulcan (manufactured by Cabot Corporation) and Nafion (Registered Trademark) functioning as an ionomer.
  • Vulcan manufactured by Cabot Corporation
  • Nafion Registered Trademark
  • 10 mg of the molecular metal complex and 60 mg of Vulcan were added to 100 mg of a Nafion (Registered Trademark) solution (Nafion perfluorinated ion-exchange resin, 5 wt % soln in lower aliphatic alcohols/H 2 O mix (product name), manufactured by Aldrich), and the mixture was dispersed by the ultrasonic vibration machine. Then, the resultant solution was applied to a carbon cloth.
  • the hydrogen electrode includes, as a conductive polymer, polypyrrole which was caused to be supported by Vulcan with reference to Non-Patent Literature 2.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 2-5) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 2-6) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 1.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 3-8) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 3-9) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 1.
  • a fuel cell (Example 4-10) including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 4-11) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 4-12) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 1.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 5-14) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 5-15) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 2.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 6-17) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 6-18) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 2.
  • a fuel cell (Example 7-19) including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 1-20) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 1-21) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 2.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 8-23) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 8-24) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 2.
  • a fuel cell (Example 9-25) including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 9-26) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 9-27) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 3.
  • a fuel cell (Example 10-28) including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 10-29) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 10-30) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 3.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 11-32) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 11-33) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 3.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 12-35) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 12-36) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 3.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention
  • a fuel cell including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 4.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 14-41) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 14-42) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 4.
  • a fuel cell (Example 15-43) including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 15-44) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 15-45) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 4.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 16-47) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 16-48) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 4.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 17-50) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 17-51) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 5.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 18-53) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 18-54) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 5.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 19-56) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 19-57) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 5.
  • the molecular metal complex expressed by the Chemical Formula (135) was synthesized by using sodium borohydride instead of hydrogen, with reference to S. Ogo, R. Kabe, K. Uehara, B. Kure, T. Nishimura, S. C. Menon, R. Harada, S. Fukuzumi, Y. Higuchi, T. Ohhara, T. Tamada and R. Kuroki, Science, 2007, 316, 585-587.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention
  • a fuel cell including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention
  • a fuel cell including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 5.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 21-62) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 21-63) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 6.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 22-65) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 22-66) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 6.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention
  • a fuel cell including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention
  • performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 6.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 24-71) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 24-72) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 6.
  • a fuel cell (Example 25-73) including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 25-74) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 25-75) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 7.
  • a fuel cell (Example 26-76) including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 26-77) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 26-78) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 7.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention
  • a fuel cell including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention
  • a fuel cell Example 27-81 including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 7.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 28-83) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 28-84) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 7.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 29-86) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 29-87) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 8.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 30-89) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 30-90) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 8.
  • a fuel cell (Example 31-91) including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 31-92) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 31-93) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 8.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 32-95) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 32-96) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 8.
  • a fuel cell (Example 33-97) including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 33-98) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 33-99) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 9.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 34-101) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 34-102) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 9.
  • a fuel cell (Example 35-103) including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 35-104) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 35-105) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 9.
  • a membrane electrode assembly was produced by (i) providing, on the hydrogen electrode (anode) side, a carbon cloth to which the molecular metal complex being in the form of a solution was applied and (ii) providing, on the oxygen electrode (cathode) side, a carbon cloth to which platinum carbon TEC10V50E (manufactured by Takana Kikinzoku Kogyo K.K.) was applied so that a polymer membrane (Nafion (Registered Trademark) NRE212, manufactured by DuPont) was sandwiched by these carbon cloths.
  • the membrane electrode assembly thus obtained was incorporated into a fuel cell (manufactured by Toyo Corporation). In this manner, a fuel cell was produced.
  • the polymer membrane was sandwiched by the carbon cloths so that (i) a side of one of the carbon clothes to which side the molecular metal complex being in the form of a solution was applied and (ii) a side of the other of the carbon cloths to which side platinum was applied face each other via the polymer membrane. Hydrogen and oxygen were supplied to the fuel cell thus produced, and an electromotive force of the fuel cell was measured. The result of the measurement is shown in Table 10.
  • each of the hydrogen electrode (anode) and the oxygen electrode (cathode) contains Vulcan (manufactured by Cabot Corporation) and Nafion (Registered Trademark) functioning as an ionomer.
  • Vulcan manufactured by Cabot Corporation
  • Nafion Registered Trademark
  • 10 mg of the molecular metal complex and 60 mg of Vulcan were added to 100 mg of a Nafion (Registered Trademark) solution (Nafion perfluorinated ion-exchange resin, 5 wt % soln in lower aliphatic alcohols/H 2 O mix [product name], manufactured by Aldrich), and the mixture was dispersed by an ultrasonic vibration machine. Then, the resultant solution was applied to a carbon cloth. In a similar way, platinum carbon was applied to a carbon cloth.
  • a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) was produced by (i) providing, on the hydrogen electrode side, a carbon cloth to which platinum carbon TEC10V50E (manufactured by Takana Kikinzoku Kogyo K.K.) was applied and (ii) providing, on the oxygen electrode side, a carbon cloth to which the molecular metal complex in the form of a solution was applied so that a polymer membrane (Nafion [Registered Trademark] NRE212, manufactured by DuPont) was sandwiched by these carbon cloths.
  • the membrane electrode assembly thus obtained was incorporated into a fuel cell (manufactured by Toyo Corporation). In this manner, a fuel cell was produced.
  • the polymer membrane was sandwiched by the carbon cloths so that (i) a side of one of the carbon cloths to which side the molecular metal complex in the form of a solution was applied and (ii) a side of the other of the carbon cloths to which side platinum was applied face each other via the polymer membrane. Hydrogen and oxygen were supplied to the fuel cell thus produced, and an electromotive force of the fuel cell was measured. The result of the measurement is shown in Table 10.
  • each of the hydrogen electrode (anode) and the oxygen electrode (cathode) contains Vulcan (manufactured by Cabot Corporation) and Nafion (Registered Trademark) functioning as an ionomer.
  • Vulcan manufactured by Cabot Corporation
  • Nafion Registered Trademark
  • 10 mg of the molecular metal complex and 60 mg of Vulcan were added to 100 mg of a Nafion (Registered Trademark) solution (Nafion perfluorinated ion-exchange resin, 5 wt % soln in lower aliphatic alcohols/H 2 O mix [product name], manufactured by Aldrich), and the mixture was dispersed by the ultrasonic vibration machine. Then, the resultant solution was applied to a carbon cloth. In a similar way, platinum carbon was applied to a carbon cloth.
  • the hydrogen electrode includes, as a conductive polymer, polypyrrole which was caused to be supported by Vulcan with reference to Non-Patent Literature 2.
  • a membrane electrode assembly was produced by providing, on both of the hydrogen electrode side and the oxygen electrode side, carbon cloths to each of which the molecular metal complex in the form of a solution was applied so that a polymer membrane (Nafion [Registered Trademark] NRE212, manufactured by DuPont) was sandwiched by these carbon cloths.
  • the membrane electrode assembly thus obtained was incorporated into a fuel cell (manufactured by Toyo Corporation). In this manner, a fuel cell was produced.
  • the polymer membrane was sandwiched by the carbon cloths so that sides of the respective carbon cloths to each of which sides the molecular metal complex in the form of a solution was applied face each other via the polymer membrane. Hydrogen and oxygen were supplied to the fuel cell thus produced, and an electromotive force of the fuel cell was measured. The result of the measurement is shown in Table 10.
  • each of the hydrogen electrode (anode) and the oxygen electrode (cathode) contains Vulcan (manufactured by Cabot Corporation) and Nafion (Registered Trademark) functioning as an ionomer.
  • Vulcan manufactured by Cabot Corporation
  • Nafion Registered Trademark
  • 10 mg of the molecular metal complex and 60 mg of Vulcan were added to 100 mg of a Nafion (Registered Trademark) solution (Nafion perfluorinated ion-exchange resin, 5 wt % soln in lower aliphatic alcohols/H 2 O mix [product name], manufactured by Aldrich), and the mixture was dispersed by the ultrasonic vibration machine. Then, the resultant solution was applied to a carbon cloth.
  • the hydrogen electrode includes, as a conductive polymer, polypyrrole which was caused to be supported by Vulcan with reference to Non-Patent Literature 2.
  • the molecular metal complex was dispersed in a Nafion solution, applied to a carbon cloth, and then dried under reduced pressure to function as an electrode catalyst in the form of a solid.
  • the molecular metal complex was applied to a carbon cloth in the form of a solution, and was not dried under reduced pressure. This intended to cause the molecular metal complex to function as an electrode catalyst in the form of a solution, and took into consideration the fact that the molecular metal complex, once dried into the form of a solid, is not easily dissolved in water again.
  • a fuel cell (Example 37-109) including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 37-110) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 37-111) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 10.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 38-113) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 38-114) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 10.
  • a fuel cell (Example 39-115) including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 39-116) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 39-117) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 10.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 40-119) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 40-120) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 11.
  • a fuel cell (Example 41-121) including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 41-122) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 41-123) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 11.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 43-125) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 42-126) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 11.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 43-128) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 43-129) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 11.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 44-131) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 44-132) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 12.
  • a fuel cell (Example 45-133) including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 45-134) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 45-135) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 12.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 46-137) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 46-138) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 12.
  • a fuel cell (Example 47-139) including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 47-140) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 47-141) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 12.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 48-143) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 48-144) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 13.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 49-146) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 49-147) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 13.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 50-149) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 50-150) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 13.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 51-152) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 51-153) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 13.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 52-155) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 52-156) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 14.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 53-158) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 53-159) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 14.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 54-161) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 54-162) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 14.
  • a fuel cell (Example 55-163) including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 55-164) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 55-165) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 14.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 56-167) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 56-168) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 15.
  • a fuel cell (Example 57-169) including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 57-170) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 57-171) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 15.
  • a fuel cell including, in the anode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell (Example 58-173) including, in the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, and a fuel cell (Example 58-174) including, in the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell electrode catalysts of the present invention were produced. Further, performance of these fuel cells was evaluated. The results of the evaluations are shown in Table 15.
  • the molecular metal complex in the form of a solid in some cases had an electromotive force which was different from that of the molecular metal complex in the form of a solution.
  • the respective molecular metal complexes expressed by Chemical Formulae (131) and (133) to (138) each had an electromotive force that was significantly larger when the molecular metal complex was in the form of a solution than when it was in the form of a solid.
  • This difference is presumed to stem from a difference in nature between the molecular metal complex in the form of a solid and that in the form of a solution. This presumably explains why some molecular metal complexes expressed a better function in the form of a solid, whereas other molecular metal complexes expressed a better function in the form of a solution.
  • the molecular metal complex expressed by Chemical Formula (131) was observed to undergo an isotope exchange reaction between water and heavy hydrogen.
  • the evaluation of the respective fuel cells of Examples 50-148 and 50-150 involved D 2 O as water to moisture the anode and H 2 as hydrogen gas, and analyzed exhaust gas at the anode by gas chromatography. The evaluation resulted in detection of D 2 gas in an amount that was five times as large as the amount of the molecular metal complex (10 mg) expressed by Chemical Formula (131).
  • the evaluation further involved H 2 O as water to moisture the anode and D 2 gas as hydrogen gas, and analyzed exhaust gas at the anode by gas chromatography.
  • the evaluation resulted in detection of H 2 gas in an amount that was five times as large as the amount of the molecular metal complex (10 mg) expressed by Chemical Formula (131).
  • the above gas chromatography analysis was made in reference to B. Kure, T. Matsumoto, K. Ichikawa, S. Fukuzumi, Y. Higuchi, T. Yagi, S. Ogo, Dalton Trans., 2008, 4747-4755.
  • the molecular metal complex expressed by Chemical Formula (132) was observed to undergo an isotope exchange reaction between water and heavy hydrogen.
  • the evaluation of the respective fuel cells of Examples 51-151 and 51-153 involved D 2 O as water to moisture the anode and H 2 as hydrogen gas, and analyzed exhaust gas at the anode by gas chromatography. The evaluation resulted in detection of D 2 gas in an amount that was five times as large as the amount of the molecular metal complex (10 mg) expressed by Chemical Formula (132).
  • the evaluation further involved H 2 O as water to moisture the anode and D 2 gas as hydrogen gas, and analyzed exhaust gas at the anode by gas chromatography.
  • the evaluation resulted in detection of H 2 gas in an amount that was five times as large as the amount of the molecular metal complex (10 mg) expressed by Chemical Formula (132).
  • the above gas chromatography analysis was made in reference to B. Kure, T. Matsumoto, K. Ichikawa, S. Fukuzumi, Y. Higuchi, T. Yagi, S. Ogo, Dalton Trans., 2008, 4747-4755.
  • the molecular metal complex expressed by Chemical Formula (133) was observed to undergo an isotope exchange reaction between water and heavy hydrogen.
  • the evaluation of the respective fuel cells of Examples 52-154 and 52-156 involved D 2 O as water to moisture the anode and H 2 as hydrogen gas, and analyzed exhaust gas at the anode by gas chromatography. The evaluation resulted in detection of D 2 gas in an amount that was five times as large as the amount of the molecular metal complex (10 mg) expressed by Chemical Formula (133).
  • the evaluation further involved H 2 O as water to moisture the anode and D 2 gas as hydrogen gas, and analyzed exhaust gas at the anode by gas chromatography.
  • the evaluation resulted in detection of H 2 gas in an amount that was five times as large as the amount of the molecular metal complex (10 mg) expressed by Chemical Formula (133).
  • the above gas chromatography analysis was made in reference to B. Kure, T. Matsumoto, K. Ichikawa, S. Fukuzumi, Y. Higuchi, T. Yagi, S. Ogo, Dalton Trans., 2008, 4747-4755.
  • a membrane electrode assembly was produced by providing, on both of the hydrogen electrode side and the oxygen electrode side, carbon cloths to each of which platinum carbon TEC10V50E (manufactured by Takana Kikinzoku Kogyo K.K.) was applied so that a polymer membrane (Nafion [Registered Trademark] NRE212, manufactured by DuPont) was sandwiched by these carbon cloths.
  • the membrane electrode assembly thus obtained was incorporated into a fuel cell (manufactured by Toyo Corporation). In this manner, a fuel cell was produced. Hydrogen and oxygen were supplied to the fuel cell thus produced, and an electromotive force of the fuel cell was measured. The result of the measurement is shown in Table 15 (Ref-175).
  • each of the hydrogen electrode (anode) and the oxygen electrode (cathode) contains Vulcan (manufactured by Cabot Corporation) and Nafion (Registered Trademark) functioning as an ionomer.
  • Vulcan manufactured by Cabot Corporation
  • Nafion Registered Trademark
  • 10 mg of platinum carbon and 60 mg of Vulcan were added to 100 mg of a Nafion (Registered Trademark) solution (Nafion perfluorinated ion-exchange resin, 5 wt % soln in lower aliphatic alcohols/H 2 O mix [product name], manufactured by Aldrich), and the mixture was dispersed by the ultrasonic vibration machine. Then, the resultant solution was applied to a carbon cloth.
  • a fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention is an economical fuel cell electrode catalyst which can be used in place of platinum as a simple substance or a platinum alloy and has easy-to-control catalytic power. Therefore, the fuel cell electrode catalyst of the present invention, a fuel cell electrode including the fuel cell electrode catalyst, a fuel cell including the fuel cell electrode catalyst, and an electric power generation method using the fuel cell electrode catalyst is applicable to electric vehicles, household power sources, portable power sources, and the like each of which includes the same. Thus, the present invention is very useful.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inert Electrodes (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
US13/377,327 2009-06-10 2010-06-09 Electrode catalyst for fuel cell and use thereof Abandoned US20120100462A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2009-139401 2009-06-10
JP2009139401 2009-06-10
PCT/JP2010/059773 WO2010143663A1 (ja) 2009-06-10 2010-06-09 燃料電池用電極触媒およびその利用

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2010/059773 A-371-Of-International WO2010143663A1 (ja) 2009-06-10 2010-06-09 燃料電池用電極触媒およびその利用

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US15/612,992 Division US10910654B2 (en) 2009-06-10 2017-06-02 Electric power generation method using electrode catalyst for fuel cell

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20120100462A1 true US20120100462A1 (en) 2012-04-26

Family

ID=43308918

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/377,327 Abandoned US20120100462A1 (en) 2009-06-10 2010-06-09 Electrode catalyst for fuel cell and use thereof
US15/612,992 Active 2031-04-08 US10910654B2 (en) 2009-06-10 2017-06-02 Electric power generation method using electrode catalyst for fuel cell

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US15/612,992 Active 2031-04-08 US10910654B2 (en) 2009-06-10 2017-06-02 Electric power generation method using electrode catalyst for fuel cell

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US20120100462A1 (ko)
EP (1) EP2442389B1 (ko)
JP (1) JP5401545B2 (ko)
KR (1) KR101358837B1 (ko)
CN (1) CN102460795B (ko)
WO (1) WO2010143663A1 (ko)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10910654B2 (en) 2009-06-10 2021-02-02 Japan Science And Technology Agency Electric power generation method using electrode catalyst for fuel cell

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9233364B2 (en) 2012-04-25 2016-01-12 University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. Multimetallic assembly, methods of making multimetallic assembly, methods of oxidizing water, methods of O-atom transfer catalysts, and methods of carbon dioxide reduction
JP6538580B2 (ja) * 2016-02-04 2019-07-03 トヨタ自動車株式会社 水素酸化触媒

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060079393A1 (en) * 2000-10-31 2006-04-13 Koichi Matsumoto Electrode for solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell
JP2007273371A (ja) * 2006-03-31 2007-10-18 Nittetsu Gijutsu Joho Center:Kk 酸素還元複合触媒及びその製造方法並びにこれを用いた燃料電池

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2046354C3 (de) * 1970-09-19 1979-11-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Elektrokatalysator für die Sauerstoffkathode in elektrochemischen Zellen
DE2125590C3 (de) * 1971-05-24 1981-02-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart ten Anthrachinoncyanins
JP3632087B2 (ja) * 2001-03-02 2005-03-23 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 低温型燃料電池の燃料極用電極触媒
DE10132490B4 (de) 2001-07-03 2007-04-12 Hahn-Meitner-Institut Berlin Gmbh Platinfreies Chelat-Katalysatormaterial für die selektive Sauerstoffreduktion und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
JP4129763B2 (ja) 2002-06-26 2008-08-06 独立行政法人科学技術振興機構 燃料電池用アノード電極及びその製造方法
JP4370399B2 (ja) * 2004-02-10 2009-11-25 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 低温型燃料電池の酸素極添加剤
JP4703120B2 (ja) * 2004-03-10 2011-06-15 株式会社コンポン研究所 二座配位子化合物、ネットワーク構造を有する錯体及びこれを含有する燃料電池用電極触媒組成物
JP4958133B2 (ja) * 2004-09-15 2012-06-20 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 低温型燃料電池の水素極用電極触媒
JP4257435B2 (ja) * 2005-11-25 2009-04-22 国立大学法人九州大学 燃料電池用電極および燃料電池
JP2007173173A (ja) * 2005-12-26 2007-07-05 Asahi Kasei Corp 燃料電池用触媒及びその製造方法
KR100759431B1 (ko) * 2006-11-20 2007-10-04 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 연료 전지용 캐소드 촉매, 이의 제조 방법, 이를 포함하는연료 전지용 막-전극 어셈블리, 및 이를 포함하는 연료전지 시스템
JP2008189837A (ja) 2007-02-06 2008-08-21 Toyobo Co Ltd 導電性重合体金属錯体及びそれを用いた酸化還元触媒電極
JP5019905B2 (ja) 2007-02-22 2012-09-05 旭化成株式会社 燃料電池用電極及び該電極を用いた燃料電池
JP2008218041A (ja) * 2007-02-28 2008-09-18 Tdk Corp 触媒およびその製造方法
CN101674886A (zh) * 2007-03-09 2010-03-17 独立行政法人产业技术综合研究所 燃料电池用电极催化剂
CN102460795B (zh) 2009-06-10 2014-10-22 独立行政法人科学技术振兴机构 燃料电池用电极催化剂及其利用

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060079393A1 (en) * 2000-10-31 2006-04-13 Koichi Matsumoto Electrode for solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell
JP2007273371A (ja) * 2006-03-31 2007-10-18 Nittetsu Gijutsu Joho Center:Kk 酸素還元複合触媒及びその製造方法並びにこれを用いた燃料電池

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Seiji Ogo et al. , SCIENCE, 27 April 2007, VOL. 316, Page 585-587. *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10910654B2 (en) 2009-06-10 2021-02-02 Japan Science And Technology Agency Electric power generation method using electrode catalyst for fuel cell

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2442389A1 (en) 2012-04-18
CN102460795A (zh) 2012-05-16
CN102460795B (zh) 2014-10-22
EP2442389B1 (en) 2016-07-20
US10910654B2 (en) 2021-02-02
US20170271686A1 (en) 2017-09-21
KR20120027361A (ko) 2012-03-21
KR101358837B1 (ko) 2014-02-10
EP2442389A4 (en) 2015-02-25
JPWO2010143663A1 (ja) 2012-11-29
WO2010143663A1 (ja) 2010-12-16
JP5401545B2 (ja) 2014-01-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Wang et al. Iron‐free cathode catalysts for proton‐exchange‐membrane fuel cells: cobalt catalysts and the peroxide mitigation approach
Neaţu et al. Recent progress in electrocatalysts and electrodes for portable fuel cells
He et al. High-loading cobalt oxide coupled with nitrogen-doped graphene for oxygen reduction in anion-exchange-membrane alkaline fuel cells
Liang et al. Two types of single-atom FeN4 and FeN5 electrocatalytic active centers on N-doped carbon driving high performance of the SA-Fe-NC oxygen reduction reaction catalyst
JP5693125B2 (ja) 固体高分子形燃料電池
Chi et al. Promoting ZIF-8-derived Fe–N–C oxygen reduction catalysts via Zr doping in proton exchange membrane fuel cells: durability and activity enhancements
Cheng et al. A template-free method to synthesis high density iron single atoms anchored on carbon nanotubes for high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells
KR100717796B1 (ko) 연료 전지용 캐소드 촉매, 이를 포함하는 연료 전지용막-전극 어셈블리 및 연료 전지 시스템
Chen et al. Exploring the catalytic activity of metal‐fullerene C58M (M= Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu) toward oxygen reduction and CO oxidation by density functional theory
EP3520892A1 (en) Carrier, electrode for fuel cell, membrane-electrode assembly, and fuel cell comprising same
US10910654B2 (en) Electric power generation method using electrode catalyst for fuel cell
JPWO2004017446A1 (ja) 燃料電池用電極及びそれを用いた燃料電池、並びにそれらの製造方法
Du et al. Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells with platinum group metal (PGM)-free cathode
Luo et al. Kinetic diagnostics and synthetic design of platinum group metal-free electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction using reactivity maps and site utilization descriptors
JP4044026B2 (ja) 燃料電池
Gavriel et al. Direct Electro‐oxidation of Dimethyl Ether on Pt− Cu Nanochains
Coutard et al. Impact of ionomer structuration on the performance of bio-inspired noble-metal-free fuel cell anodes
Zhong et al. A radar-like iron based nanohybrid as an efficient and stable electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction
Fang et al. Upgrading the State‐of‐the‐Art Electrocatalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Applications
Kadirov et al. Oxygen reduction reaction catalyzed by nickel complexes based on thiophosphorylated calix [4] resorcinols and immobilized in the membrane electrode assembly of fuel cells
Negro et al. Polymer electrolyte fuel cells based on bimetallic carbon nitride electrocatalysts
US20100248086A1 (en) Method of Evaluating the Performance of Fuel Cell Cathode Catalysts, Corresponding Cathode Catalysts and Fuel Cell
JP2010221126A (ja) 触媒担体及び触媒体ならびにこれらの製造方法
Persky et al. Biomimetic Fe–Cu porphyrrole aerogel electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction
Renzi et al. Activation of bimetallic PtFe nanoparticles with zeolite-type cesium salts of vanadium-substituted polyoxometallates toward electroreduction of oxygen at low Pt loadings for fuel cells

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: JAPAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AGENCY, JAPAN

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:OGO, SEIJI;REEL/FRAME:027356/0424

Effective date: 20111126

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION