US20120031367A1 - Cylinder bore wall oil squirter, reciprocating engine embodying same and where the engine further embodies a rollerized cranktrain - Google Patents

Cylinder bore wall oil squirter, reciprocating engine embodying same and where the engine further embodies a rollerized cranktrain Download PDF

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Publication number
US20120031367A1
US20120031367A1 US12/851,443 US85144310A US2012031367A1 US 20120031367 A1 US20120031367 A1 US 20120031367A1 US 85144310 A US85144310 A US 85144310A US 2012031367 A1 US2012031367 A1 US 2012031367A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
oil
cylinder
squirter
reciprocating engine
cylinder wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/851,443
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English (en)
Inventor
Matthew Dunlavey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Corp
Hyundai America Technical Center Inc
Original Assignee
Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Motors Corp
Hyundai America Technical Center Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hyundai Motor Co, Kia Motors Corp, Hyundai America Technical Center Inc filed Critical Hyundai Motor Co
Priority to US12/851,443 priority Critical patent/US20120031367A1/en
Assigned to KIA MOTORS CORPORATION, HYUNDAI MOTOR COMPANY, HYUNDAI AMERICA TECHNICAL CENTER reassignment KIA MOTORS CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: DUNLAVEY, MATTHEW
Priority to KR1020100112298A priority patent/KR101241205B1/ko
Publication of US20120031367A1 publication Critical patent/US20120031367A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/08—Lubricating systems characterised by the provision therein of lubricant jetting means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/08—Lubricating systems characterised by the provision therein of lubricant jetting means
    • F01M2001/083—Lubricating systems characterised by the provision therein of lubricant jetting means for lubricating cylinders

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to oil lubrication systems, more particularly to oil lubrication systems of a reciprocating engine and yet more particularly to oil lubrication systems of a reciprocating engine that embodies a rolling bearing element in the cranktrain.
  • crankshaft 10 is rotatably supported by the main plain bearing 11 secured between the block and the structure (e.g., main bearing cap) secured to the block.
  • the piston 12 is movably received in the cylinder 2 and is rotatably coupled to the crankshaft 10 by the connecting rod 12 .
  • the connecting rod 14 can be configured so as to include a radial hole(s) (e.g., oiling slots 17 as shown in FIG. 1B ) at the connecting rod big end 13 that provides additional cylinder wall lubrication via an oil spray.
  • a radial hole(s) e.g., oiling slots 17 as shown in FIG. 1B
  • the various oil sprays occurring during operation are illustrated in FIG. 1A .
  • each piston has a crown, a depending skirt and a ring-receiving groove on the skirt near the crown.
  • a central cavity terminating near the crown and coolant receiving means in heat exchange relation to the groove.
  • Two nozzles are provided and arranged within the cylinder so that a first jet of oil is directed to the piston cavity and a second jet directs the oil to the coolant receiving means of the piston for all operating positions of the piston within the cylinder. It is further expressly indicated that means are provided for supplying oil to the nozzles which oil acts as the coolant.
  • one of the nozzles is arranged so that the first jet is at an angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder, so the oil coolant sweeps along the cavity and avoids interference with engine parts.
  • the second nozzle is arranged so that the second jet is generally parallel to the longitudinal axis.
  • FIG. 2 there is shown a cross-sectional side view of a conventional cylinder 2 in which a piston 12 is movably received and which piston is mechanically coupled to the crankshaft 20 via a connecting rod 24 , having a big end 23 .
  • the connecting rod 24 is rotatably supported off the crankshaft 10 by a roller bearing 15 that is disposed between a surface of the crankshaft and an opposing surface of the connecting rod big end 23 .
  • the crankshaft 20 is rotatably supported by another rolling bearing 21 from cylinder block related structure.
  • an oil mist supplies lube to the connecting rod roller bearing 15 via axial clearance.
  • oil mist is the primary source of lubricant for the piston group/cylinder wall interface.
  • a conventional cylinder liner for reciprocating engines on the other hand is generally intended for use with an oil spray lubrication regime or methodology.
  • the cylinder liners are typically provided with tough coatings (e.g., Nikasil or Galnikai) along the cylinder walls. Such tough coatings are typically found on the liners provided or used in 2 stroke engine applications.
  • a cylinder wall oil delivery system that can provide an effective amount of oil to the cylinder walls, particularly when the reciprocating engine does not embody a hydrodynamic bearing pressurized oil crankshaft. It also would be desirable to provide a reciprocating engine embodying such a cylinder wall oil delivery system. It would be particularly desirable to provide such an oil delivery system that would be at least as effective as prior art devices/systems for applying oil to the cylinder walls, and more particularly when the reciprocating engine has a rollerized cranktrain.
  • the present invention features a cylinder wall oil delivery system for a reciprocating engine having at least one cylinder and at least one piston movably received in the cylinder. Also featured is reciprocating engine that embodies such a cylinder wall oil delivery system.
  • Such an oil delivery system includes a squirter that is fixably arranged in each of at least one cylinder of a reciprocating engine so that oil is directed therefrom to two different areas of the cylinder wall.
  • the squirter includes a first nozzle that is orientated so the oil is directed to one of the two cylinder wall areas and the second nozzle is orientated so the oil is directed to the other of two cylinder wall areas.
  • the squirter is arranged so as to regulate the oil flow from each nozzle.
  • the squirter is arranged in the cylinder so that the oil spray/jet targets a region of the cylinder wall corresponding to piston skirt thrust and anti-thrust travel areas.
  • the squirter includes a sub-assembly including a first member and a second member that are joined together so as to form the first and second nozzles.
  • the first and second members are configured so as to regulate the flow from each nozzle.
  • the first and second members are further configured so that the flow from each nozzle lies within a range of desired values or so the flow from each nozzle is about the same.
  • the cylinder wall oil delivery system further includes a pressure regulator operably coupled to the squirter so that oil is delivered to the squirter when pressure of the oil exceeds a predetermined value.
  • a reciprocating engine including a block having at least one cylinder therein, at least one piston, each piston being movably received in a corresponding cylinder, and a squirter that is fixably arranged in each of the at least one cylinder so that oil is directed therefrom to two different areas of the cylinder wall.
  • a squirter includes a first nozzle that is orientated so that oil is directed therefrom to one of the two areas of the cylinder wall and the second nozzle is orientated so that oil is directed therefrom to the other of the two areas of the cylinder wall.
  • the squirter is arranged in the cylinder so the oil spray/jet targets a region of the cylinder wall corresponding to piston skirt thrust and anti-thrust travel areas.
  • the squirter includes a sub-assembly including a first member and a second member that are joined together so as to form the first and second nozzles. Also, the first and second members are configured so as to regulate the flow from each nozzle. Further, the first and second members are further configured so that the flow from each nozzle lies within a range of desired values or so the flow from each nozzle is about the same.
  • the reciprocating engine further includes a pressure regulator operably coupled to the squirter so that oil is delivered to the squirter when pressure of the oil exceeds a predetermined value.
  • the block of such a reciprocating engine is configured so as to include 4 cylinders, 6 cylinders, 8 cylinders, 10 cylinders and 12 cylinders, and where the number of pistons corresponds to the number of cylinders.
  • Such cylinders are arranged in the reciprocating engine so as to be in a line, slanted, form a V, or arranged in any of a number of ways as one known to those skilled in the art.
  • the reciprocating engine is a four-stroke internal combustion engine or a two-stroke internal combustion engine.
  • the reciprocating engine further includes a crankshaft and at least one connecting rod operably coupled to said at least one piston and the crankshaft such that linear motion of the at least one piston in the at least one cylinder causes rotation of the crankshaft.
  • a reciprocating engine also further includes a rolling element bearing that rotatably supports the crankshaft during operation of the reciprocating engine.
  • the oil from such a squirter provides cooling by oil spray wash-up. Also, oil wash-down of the oil sprayed from the squirter further causes lubricant to be splashed onto the connecting rod bearings. Other aspects and embodiments of the invention are discussed below.
  • compositions, methods, devices, apparatuses and systems include the recited elements, but do not exclude other elements.
  • Consisting essentially of when used to define compositions, devices, apparatuses, systems, and methods, shall mean excluding other elements of any essential significance to the combination. Embodiments defined by each of these transition terms are within the scope of this invention.
  • TDC shall be understood to mean top dead center and relates to a specific location or position of the piston within the cylinder as it moves linearly within the cylinder.
  • BDC shall be understood to mean bottom dead center and relates to a specific location or position of the piston within the cylinder as it moves linearly within the cylinder.
  • FIG. 1A is an illustrative cross-sectional side view of a cylinder for a conventional reciprocating engine having a conventional hydrodynamic bearing pressurized oil crankshaft.
  • FIG. 1B is a side view of a the lower end of a conventional connecting rod of FIG. 1A showing the radial oiling slots.
  • FIG. 2 is an illustrative view of a cylinder having a rollerized crank train but utilizing conventional techniques for lubricating the cylinder walls.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional side view of a cylinder for a reciprocating engine illustrating a cylinder wall oil delivery system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the cylinder of FIG. 3 , but with the connecting rod and crankshaft removed for clarity.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional side view of the oil squirter of the present invention when configured for a non-regulated oil pressure application.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional side view of the oil squirter of the present invention when configured for a pressure regulated application.
  • FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the nozzle end portion of the squirter of FIGS. 5-6 .
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an alternative fluid delivery subassembly for an oil squirter according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 a cross-sectional side view of a cylinder 2 for a reciprocating engine 1 and showing a cylinder wall oil delivery system 100 according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is an upward looking view of the bottom of the cylinder 2 of FIG. 3 , but with the connecting rod and crankshaft removed for clarity.
  • the reciprocating engine 100 includes a cylinder block 102 in which is disposed one or more cylinder bores or cylinders 104 , each cylinder having a wall 106 .
  • a piston 110 is movably received in the cylinder 104 and is rotatably coupled to the crankshaft 120 by a connecting rod 112 at the big end 114 of the connecting rod.
  • a roller bearing 116 (connecting rod big end roller bearing) is provided for rotatable support of the connecting rod by the crankshaft (such as shown in FIG. 2 ) and another roller bearing, a main roller bearing 122 is provided for rotating support of the crankshaft 120 .
  • such a roller bearing 116 , 122 or rolling element bearing is any of a number of roller element bearings known to those skilled in the art and appropriate for the intended use.
  • the roller bearings 116 , 122 embody a multiplicity of needle bearings or needle bearing elements that are arranged so as to be disposed about an outer surface of the crankshaft 120 and so as to be between an inner surface of the connecting rod big end 114 and the crankshaft outer surface.
  • Such a needle type of roller bearing further includes other structure (e.g., race) that is configured so as to prevent axial movement of the needle bearing elements when installed without interfering with the rotational movement. This arrangement of roller bearings in combination with the crankshaft is referred to herein for simplicity as a rollerized crankshaft.
  • roller bearing do not require and/or do not support high volumes of pressurized oil as would be required for the hydrodynamic bearings used with a conventional crankshaft.
  • the cylinder block oil feeds to the crankshaft can be restricted and the crankshaft does not have main-to-rod journal cross-drillings.
  • Such a reciprocating engine 100 also includes an oil delivery system 150 that is configured and arranged so as to provide oil for lubrication to the cylinder walls 4 as described further herein using an oil spray lubrication regime, and also so as to avoid interference with movable parts of the engine (e.g., crankshaft).
  • an oil delivery system 150 includes an oil squirter 152 that is configured so that the oil spraying therefrom targets the cylinder walls 4 , but which also does not come into contact with moving elements of the engine.
  • the oil squirter 152 in each cylinder 2 is configured so at least two jets or sprays of oil are provided.
  • the oil squirter also is arranged within the cylinder so that these sprays or jets of oil target two areas of the cylinder walls.
  • the oil squirter 152 is configured and arranged so that a lower portion of the cylinder 2 (e.g., the lower third of the cylinder) in the piston thrust area and the piston anti-thrust area are targeted by the at least two jets or sprays of oil.
  • the oil squirter 152 is fed oil from the cylinder block primary oil gallery 130 . The direction of these sprays or jets of oil are depicted in FIGS. 3 and 4 .
  • each squirter 152 is affixed to the cylinder block 102 , by a fitting 154 , which fitting in one embodiment is a non-regulated bolt 154 a ( FIG. 5 ) as is known to those skilled in the art or in another or alternative embodiment, the fitting is an internal pressure regulated bolt 154 b ( FIG. 6 ) as is known to those skilled in the art.
  • the fitting 154 ; 154 a,b receives a flow of oil from the main gallery 130 ( FIG. 3 ) as indicated in FIGS. 5 and 6 .
  • the oil is delivered to the squirter when the pressure of the oil from the main gallery exceeds a predetermined value.
  • a non-regulated bolt 154 a the delivery or flow of oil to the oil squirter 152 and spraying therefrom can vary due to changing operating conditions of the reciprocating engine that affect oil pressure.
  • such an oil squirter 152 includes a body 160 , a first member 162 having two operable ends 163 a,b and a second member 164 also having an operable end 165 .
  • the first and second members 162 , 164 are joined to each other using any of a number of techniques known to those skilled in the art so that the operable ends 163 a , 165 of the first and second members form nozzles from which the oil is sprayed. Such joining of the first and second members forms a sub-assembly.
  • the other operable end 163 b of the first member 162 is joined to a mating connection or outlet 161 of the body 160 .
  • first and second members are tubular metal members.
  • the second member 164 is joined to the first member 162 by brazing and the other operable end 163 b of the first member is joined to the body outlet 161 also by brazing.
  • first and second members 162 , 164 are joined to each other so that the operable ends 163 a , 165 of the first and second members are arranged so as to be at an angle with respect to each other.
  • the angle is such that one of the operable ends causes the oil spray or jet to be in the direction of the lower portion of the cylinder 2 (e.g., the lower third of the cylinder) in the piston thrust area and so that the other of the operable ends causes the oil spray or jet to be in the direction of the lower portion of the cylinder 2 (e.g., the lower third of the cylinder) in the piston anti-thrust area.
  • the operable ends 163 , 165 are arranged so as to be essentially orthogonal to each other when the first and second members are joined to each other.
  • the angle is 90 deg. ⁇ 5.
  • the first member 162 is configured so that a centerline of the operable end 163 is at an angle to the centerline of the other operable end 163 b of the first member that is secured to the body outlet 161 .
  • the first member 162 includes a bend located between the body outlet 161 and the operable end 163 a so that the operable end 163 is at such an angle. The angle is established so that the oil squirter 152 is displaced from the moving elements internal to the cylinder block such as the structure forming the crankshaft 120 and the connecting rod 112 .
  • the internal structure of at least the operable ends 163 , 165 of the first and second member 162 , 164 are established so that the oil flowing or spraying from the ends is generally sufficient for purposes of lubrication.
  • the internal structure is established so that the flow from each operable end is approximately the same or equalized.
  • the internal structure is established so that the flow from each operable end is optimized for the region(s) being targeted.
  • the operable end 163 a of the first member is configured so as to increase the resistance to flow such that the first member's resistance is about the same as or greater than the flow resistance presented by the second member 164 and its associated operable end 165 . In this way, a more favorable pressure differential is established so that the outputs from the two nozzles or operable ends are at or about a similar value or equalized.
  • the oil squirter 252 is configured so as to include a proximal member 262 and a distal outlet member 264 having an inlet 263 a connection and two outlets 263 b,c .
  • One end 263 b of the proximal member 262 is coupled to the body outlet 161 as described above for the other operable end 163 b of the first member 162 and the other end 263 a of the proximal member 262 is coupled to the inlet connection 267 b of the outlet member 264 .
  • the illustrated oil squirter includes a non-regulated bolt 154 a such as a banjo-style bolt that consists of a multiplicity of intersecting cross-drillings to establish a flow path between the oil flowing from the main gallery to the body 160 .
  • a banjo-style bolt that consists of a multiplicity of intersecting cross-drillings to establish a flow path between the oil flowing from the main gallery to the body 160 .
  • the oil flows into an internal passage and thence out through the cross-drillings to an outer passage that encircles the internal passage.
  • the oil in the outer passage flows to the body 160 .
  • the illustrated oil squirter includes an internal pressure regulated bolt 154 b .
  • such an internal pressure regulated bolt includes a movable member 170 or piston, a spring member 172 and a stop 174 .
  • the stop 174 abuts one end of the spring and is connected to the bolt so that a force acting on the other end of the spring causes the spring to compress.
  • the movable member 170 abuts the other end of the spring 172 such that a force pushing against the movable member towards the spring causes the spring to compress.
  • the pressure of the oil coming from the main gallery acts on the movable member 170 and thus causes compression of the spring 172 . In this way, when the oil pressure exceeds a predetermined value, the spring 172 is compressed sufficiently that the movable member 170 moves past the cross-drillings thereby allowing the oil to flow into the outer passage and thence to the body 160 .
  • the block of such a reciprocating engine is configured so as to include 4 cylinders, 6 cylinders, 8 cylinders, 10 cylinders and 12 cylinders, and where the number of pistons corresponds to the number of cylinders.
  • Such cylinders are arranged in the reciprocating engine so as to be inline, slanted, form a V, or arranged in any of a number of ways as one known to those skilled in the art.
  • the reciprocating engine is a four-stroke internal combustion engine or a two-stroke internal combustion engine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
US12/851,443 2010-08-05 2010-08-05 Cylinder bore wall oil squirter, reciprocating engine embodying same and where the engine further embodies a rollerized cranktrain Abandoned US20120031367A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/851,443 US20120031367A1 (en) 2010-08-05 2010-08-05 Cylinder bore wall oil squirter, reciprocating engine embodying same and where the engine further embodies a rollerized cranktrain
KR1020100112298A KR101241205B1 (ko) 2010-08-05 2010-11-11 왕복 엔진용 실린더 월 오일 전달 장치 및 그것을 포함하는 왕복 엔진

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/851,443 US20120031367A1 (en) 2010-08-05 2010-08-05 Cylinder bore wall oil squirter, reciprocating engine embodying same and where the engine further embodies a rollerized cranktrain

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US20120031367A1 true US20120031367A1 (en) 2012-02-09

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150247526A1 (en) * 2014-03-03 2015-09-03 V&H Performance, Llc Crankshaft
US20170130639A1 (en) * 2015-11-06 2017-05-11 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Piston cooling jet for an internal combustion engine
JP2020033915A (ja) * 2018-08-29 2020-03-05 三菱自動車工業株式会社 内燃機関の潤滑装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4715335A (en) * 1984-03-13 1987-12-29 Elsbett L Internal combustion engine with reduced noise and heat emissions
JPH07243313A (ja) * 1994-02-28 1995-09-19 Unisia Jecs Corp 内燃機関におけるシリンダ潤滑装置
FR2745329A1 (fr) * 1996-02-23 1997-08-29 Renault Circuit de lubrification pour moteur a combustion interne
US20050076858A1 (en) * 2003-10-09 2005-04-14 Beardmore John M. Connecting rod with lubricant tube
GB2431217A (en) * 2005-10-11 2007-04-18 Ford Global Tech Llc Piston oil spray cooling system with two nozzles

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JPH02169813A (ja) * 1988-12-20 1990-06-29 Isuzu Ceramics Kenkyusho:Kk 断熱エンジン
JP3106058B2 (ja) * 1994-05-20 2000-11-06 株式会社ユニシアジェックス 内燃機関における潤滑・冷却装置
US6701875B2 (en) * 2002-05-31 2004-03-09 Cummins Inc. Internal combustion engine with piston cooling system and piston therefor
KR101283708B1 (ko) * 2006-12-22 2013-07-08 두산인프라코어 주식회사 피스톤 냉각용 오일 스프레이 노즐

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4715335A (en) * 1984-03-13 1987-12-29 Elsbett L Internal combustion engine with reduced noise and heat emissions
JPH07243313A (ja) * 1994-02-28 1995-09-19 Unisia Jecs Corp 内燃機関におけるシリンダ潤滑装置
FR2745329A1 (fr) * 1996-02-23 1997-08-29 Renault Circuit de lubrification pour moteur a combustion interne
US20050076858A1 (en) * 2003-10-09 2005-04-14 Beardmore John M. Connecting rod with lubricant tube
GB2431217A (en) * 2005-10-11 2007-04-18 Ford Global Tech Llc Piston oil spray cooling system with two nozzles

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150247526A1 (en) * 2014-03-03 2015-09-03 V&H Performance, Llc Crankshaft
US9551374B2 (en) * 2014-03-03 2017-01-24 V&H Performance, Llc Crankshaft
US20170130639A1 (en) * 2015-11-06 2017-05-11 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Piston cooling jet for an internal combustion engine
JP2020033915A (ja) * 2018-08-29 2020-03-05 三菱自動車工業株式会社 内燃機関の潤滑装置
JP7192311B2 (ja) 2018-08-29 2022-12-20 三菱自動車工業株式会社 内燃機関の潤滑装置

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KR101241205B1 (ko) 2013-03-13

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