US20120004408A1 - Use of Rosuvastatin Lactols as Medicaments - Google Patents

Use of Rosuvastatin Lactols as Medicaments Download PDF

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US20120004408A1
US20120004408A1 US13/255,705 US201013255705A US2012004408A1 US 20120004408 A1 US20120004408 A1 US 20120004408A1 US 201013255705 A US201013255705 A US 201013255705A US 2012004408 A1 US2012004408 A1 US 2012004408A1
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heteroaryl
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Derek Lindsay
Peter Jackson
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Bradford Pharma Ltd
Redx Pharna PLC
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D405/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
    • A61K31/506—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
    • A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
    • A61P27/12—Ophthalmic agents for cataracts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
    • A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/12—Antihypertensives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D405/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing three or more hetero rings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to rosuvastatin lactols.
  • the present invention relates to the use of rosuvastatin lactols in the manufacture of a medicament for treating certain conditions.
  • Conditions that are treatable using the compounds of the present invention include conditions which are modulated by the enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase). Inhibition of the enzyme therefore represents a viable therapy for a number of diseases.
  • the compounds used in the invention are 6-(3- or 4-carboxamido-substituted pyrrol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-3,5-dihydro-pyran-2-ol derivatives.
  • Rosuvastatin 7-[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-(1-methylethyl)-2-(methyl-methylsulfonyl-amino)-pyrimidin-5-yl]-3,5-dihydroxy-hept-6-enoic acid, and its use in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of cholesterol was first disclosed in EP 0521471. Rosuvastatin is a potent inhibitor of HMG-CoA enzyme.
  • the lactone form and also the ring opened active form, may suffer problems in terms of stability over an extended period of time. This represents a significant problem during manufacture of an active principal or during extended storage of the same in a pharmacy. For example, loss of the hydroxy group in a dehydration reaction may occur.
  • the resulting decomposition product may have a double bond that is conjugated with the lactone carbonyl group and this will tend to favour the potential decomposition product.
  • one of the possible decomposition products could also have a conjugated double bond with the acid carbonyl group.
  • Rosuvastatin is a very potent inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase. It is also therefore an aim of the present invention to provide compounds capable of inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase which have an IC50 value comparable to or better than that of rosuvastatin. Ideally, these compounds will have good stability and bioavailability relative to rosuvastatin. It is thus an aim to provide compounds having improved stability. Ideally, the compounds will have an extended shelf-life. It is thus an aim of the present invention to provide compounds capable of inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase which have increased half-life.
  • This invention provides compounds that achieve one or more of the above aims.
  • the present invention provides a use of a compound of Formula I and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and solvates thereof:
  • R 1 and R 4 are independently selected from the group comprising: hydrogen, halo, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl, C 3-6 cycloalkyl, aryl, C 1-4 alkyl aryl, heterocyclyl, and C 1-4 alkyl heteroaryl;
  • R 2 is —S(O) 2 R 9 wherein R 9 is C 1-6 alkyl, C 3-6 cycloalkyl, C 1-6 alkyl aryl or aryl;
  • R 3 is hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl, C 3-6 cycloalkyl or aryl;
  • R 5 and R 6 are independently selected from the group comprising: hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl, C 3-6
  • conditions that are modulated by HMG-CoA reductase are conditions that would be treated by the inhibition of the enzyme using a compound of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a compound of Formula I and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and solvates thereof:
  • HMG-CoA reductase 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase
  • the present invention provides a method of treating a condition treatable by the inhibition of the enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase) comprising administering an effective amount of a compound of Formula I:
  • R 1 -R 9 , R a , R b , X, m, n and o are as defined above.
  • the compounds of the invention may have activity in their own right or may in certain cases ring open under physiological conditions to corresponding compounds having inhibitory activity.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the effect on the level of plasma triglycerides in rats after administration of rosuvastatin (25 mg/kg po) and four rosuvastatin analogues (25 mg/kg).
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of formula (I) include the acid addition and base salts thereof.
  • Suitable acid addition salts are formed from acids which form non-toxic salts. Examples include the acetate, aspartate, benzoate, besylate, bicarbonate/carbonate, bisulphate/sulphate, borate, camsylate, citrate, edisylate, esylate, formate, fumarate, gluceptate, gluconate, glucuronate, hexafluorophosphate, hibenzate, hydrochloride/chloride, hydrobromide/bromide, hydroiodide/iodide, isethionate, lactate, malate, maleate, malonate, mesylate, methylsulphate, naphthylate, 1,5-naphthalenedisulfonate, 2-napsylate, nicotinate, nitrate, orotate, oxalate, palmitate, pamoate, phosphate/hydrogen phosphate/dihydrogen phosphate, saccharate, stearate, succinate
  • Suitable base salts are formed from bases which form non-toxic salts. Examples include the aluminium, arginine, benzathine, calcium, choline, diethylamine, diolamine, glycine, lysine, magnesium, meglumine, olamine, potassium, sodium, tromethamine and zinc salts. Hemisalts of acids and bases may also be formed, for example, hemisulphate and hemicalcium salts.
  • suitable salts see “Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts: Properties, Selection, and Use” by Stahl and Wermuth (Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany, 2002).
  • compositions of formula (I) may be prepared by one or more of three methods:
  • the resulting salt may precipitate out and be collected by filtration or may be recovered by evaporation of the solvent.
  • the degree of ionisation in the resulting salt may vary from completely ionised to almost non-ionised.
  • the compounds of the invention may exist in both unsolvated and solvated forms.
  • solvate is used herein to describe a molecular complex comprising the compound of the invention and a stoichiometric amount of one or more pharmaceutically acceptable solvent molecules, for example, ethanol.
  • solvent molecules for example, ethanol.
  • hydrate is employed when said solvent is water.
  • complexes such as clathrates, drug-host inclusion complexes wherein, in contrast to the aforementioned solvates, the drug and host are present in stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric amounts.
  • complexes of the drug containing two or more organic and/or inorganic components which may be in stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric amounts.
  • the resulting complexes may be ionised, partially ionised, or non-ionised.
  • references to compounds of formula (I) include references to salts, solvates and complexes thereof and to solvates and complexes of salts thereof.
  • the compounds of the invention include compounds of formula (I) as hereinbefore defined, including all polymorphs and crystal habits thereof, prodrugs and isomers thereof (including optical, geometric and tautomeric isomers) as hereinafter defined and isotopically-labeled compounds of formula (I).
  • the compounds of the present invention may exist as a mixture of enantiomers depending on the synthetic procedure used.
  • the compounds of the present invention may exist as a mixture of enantiomers having a ratio of between 2:1 and 3:1, though they may also occur in other ratios.
  • the enantiomers can be separated by conventional techniques known in the art.
  • the invention covers individual enantiomers as well as mixtures thereof.
  • the chemical structures disclosed herein includes an ‘*’, it is intended that the compound is a mixture of enantiomers having a ratio of between 2:1 and 3:1.
  • any compatible protecting radical can be used.
  • methods of protection and deprotection such as those described by T. W. GREENE (Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, A. Wiley-Interscience Publication, 1981) or by P. J. Kocienski (Protecting groups, Georg Thieme Verlag, 1994), can be used.
  • the compounds of formula (I) as well as intermediate for the preparation thereof can be purified according to various well-known methods, such as for example crystallization or chromatography.
  • R 1 is selected from the group comprising: hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl or C 3-6 cycloalkyl. In an embodiment, R 1 is selected from the group comprising: C 2-6 alkenyl or C 3-6 cycloalkyl. In an alternative embodiment, R 1 is C 1-6 alkyl. In an embodiment, R 1 is methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl. In an embodiment, R 1 is i-propyl.
  • R 2 is —S(O) 2 R 9 wherein R 9 is C 1-6 alkyl. In an embodiment, R 2 is —S(O) 2 R 9 wherein R 9 is methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl. In an embodiment, R 2 is —S(O) 2 Me.
  • R 3 is selected from the group comprising: hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl and C 3-6 cycloalkyl. In an embodiment, R 3 is selected from the group comprising: hydrogen and C 1-6 alkyl. In an embodiment, R 3 is methyl, ethyl or propyl. In an embodiment, R 3 is methyl.
  • R 4 is selected from the group comprising: aryl, C 1-4 alkyl aryl, heteroaryl and C 1-4 alkyl heteroaryl, wherein each of the aforementioned groups may be optionally substituted as discussed above in relation to the first aspect.
  • R 4 is selected from the group comprising: aryl and C 1-4 alkyl aryl.
  • R 4 is aryl.
  • R 4 is phenyl.
  • R 4 is substituted with halo, preferably wherein the halo is fluorine.
  • R 4 is 4-fluorophenyl.
  • R 5 is selected from the group comprising: hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, aryl, C 1-6 alkyl aryl, C 1-6 alkanoyl aryl, heteroaryl, C 1-6 alkanoyl heteroaryl and C 1-6 alkyl heteroaryl. In an embodiment, R 5 is selected from the group comprising: hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl aryl, C 1-6 alkanoyl aryl, C 1-6 alkyl heteroaryl and C 1-6 alkanoyl heteroaryl. In an embodiment, R 5 is hydrogen. In an alternative embodiment, R 5 is C 1-6 alkyl aryl, e.g.
  • R 5 is benzyl.
  • R 5 is C 1-6 alkanoyl heteroaryl, e.g. —(C ⁇ O)-het, CH 2 —(C ⁇ O)-het or (C ⁇ O)—CH 2 -het (wherein ‘het’ is heteroaryl).
  • R 5 is C 1-6 alkanoyl pyridine, e.g. 2-methanoyl pyridine, 3-methanoyl pyridine or 4-methanoyl pyridine, preferably 3-methanoyl pyridine.
  • R 6 is selected from the group comprising: hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl, C 3-6 cycloalkyl, aryl, C 1-6 alkyl aryl, heteroaryl and C 1-6 alkyl heteroaryl.
  • R 6 is C 1-6 alkyl.
  • R 6 is methyl or ethyl.
  • R 6 is propyl or butyl.
  • R 6 is C 1-6 haloalkyl, e.g. a C 1-6 chloroalkyl such as chloromethyl, chloroethyl, chloropropyl or chlorobutyl.
  • R 6 is C 2-6 alkenyl, e.g. propylene. In an embodiment, R 6 is optionally substituted aryl e.g. C 1-6 alkoxy substituted phenyl or halo substituted phenyl. In a preferred embodiment, R 6 is 2,4,6-trifluorophenyl. In a preferred embodiment, R 6 is 2,4-dimethoxyphenyl.
  • R 7 is H.
  • R 8 is H.
  • R a is H at each occurrence.
  • R b is H at each occurrence.
  • R a is H
  • Aryl groups include aromatic ring systems comprising 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 or 16 ring carbon atoms.
  • Aryl groups may consist of a single ring but may include a polycyclic ring system, having two or more rings, at least one of which is aromatic.
  • Aryl groups include: phenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, azulenyl, indenyl and anthryl groups.
  • the aryl group is phenyl
  • Heteroaryl groups include aromatic heterocyclic ring systems having 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 or 16 ring atoms with 1 to 4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur.
  • the group may be a polycyclic ring system, having two or more rings, at least one of which is aromatic, but is more often monocyclic.
  • Preferred heteroaryl groups are monocyclic groups containing 5 or 6 ring atoms.
  • Heteroaryl groups include: pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazinyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, furyl, thiophenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, benzimidazolyl, indolyl, isoquinolyl, quinoxalinyl and quinolyl.
  • the heteroaryl group is selected from the group comprising: pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, pyrazole, and oxazole.
  • the heteroaryl group is pyridine.
  • each optional substituent is preferably an independently chosen halo atom.
  • halo chloro and fluoro are preferred.
  • the halo atoms are the same when there are more than one.
  • R 1 is C 1-4 alkyl, preferably i-propyl, and R 4 is optionally substituted aryl, preferably 4-fluorophenyl.
  • R 2 is —S(O) 2 R 9 wherein R 9 is C 1-6 alkyl, preferably methyl, and R 3 is hydrogen or C 1-6 alkyl, preferably methyl.
  • R 1 is C 1-4 alkyl, preferably i-propyl
  • R 2 is —S(O) 2 R 9 wherein R 9 is C 1-6 alkyl, preferably methyl
  • R 3 is hydrogen or C 1-6 alkyl, preferably methyl
  • R 4 is optionally substituted aryl, preferably 4-fluorophenyl.
  • R 5 and R 6 are important for the activity of the compounds. Thus both R 5 and R 6 cannot be hydrogen. Similarly, when R 5 is hydrogen, R 6 ideally should not be an unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl group e.g. methyl, ethyl, iso-propyl or tert-butyl. In one embodiment, R 5 is not hydrogen. In one embodiment, R 6 is not hydrogen.
  • R 5 is hydrogen and R 6 is an optionally substituted aromatic group.
  • the aromatic group is substituted by between 1 and 5 substituents as recited above.
  • the aromatic group is ortho and/or para substituted, preferably ortho and para substituted with 2 or 3 substituents.
  • the substituents for the aromatic group are halogen (e.g. fluorine or chlorine).
  • the substituents for the aromatic group are C 1-4 alkoxy (e.g. methoxy).
  • R 5 is hydrogen and R 6 is a C 1-6 haloalkyl group.
  • the haloalkyl group is preferably a chloroalkyl group.
  • the haloalkyl group is preferably haloethyl.
  • a particularly preferred group is —CH 2 CCl 3 .
  • R 5 is an optionally substituted benzyl and R 6 is an optionally substituted C 1-6 alkyl, preferably methyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl or tertbutyl.
  • R 5 is an optionally substituted benzyl and R 6 is an optionally substituted C 2-6 alkenyl, preferably propylene.
  • R 5 is an optionally substituted benzyl and R 6 is a C 1-6 haloalkyl, preferably 2,2,2-trichlororethyl.
  • R 5 is a C 1-6 alkanoyl heteroaryl group and R 6 is an optionally substituted C 1-6 alkyl, preferably methyl, ethyl or propyl.
  • the compound has a structure selected from:
  • statins having an open, hydroxy acid conformation are known to have an inhibitory effect on HMG-CoA reductase. It is also known that the lactone, closed-ring analogue of such hydroxy acids are inactive with respect to inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase and that decyclisation of the lactone is necessary to activate the lactone.
  • functionalised lactols of the present invention have a significant inhibitory effect on HMG-CoA reductase in their own right. This is surprising in view of the fact that these molecules are conformationally constrained in ring closed form.
  • Examples of conditions that may be treated by the inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase include hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis and hyperlipidemia.
  • Statins have been used in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease, or in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease when the risk for cardiovascular disease is significantly raised. It is therefore expected that the compounds of the present invention will have utility in the treatment or prevention of cardiovascular diseases due to their inhibitory activity.
  • Example cardiovascular diseases which may be treatable by the compounds of the present invention include: coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, stroke and peripheral artery disease.
  • these compounds may also have a beneficial effect in the treatment of inflammation, dementia, cancer, nuclear cataracts, diabetes and hypertension.
  • the conditions that may be treated by the inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase may be a condition of the human or animal body. These compounds are intended in particular for human patients.
  • the present invention also includes the synthesis of all pharmaceutically acceptable isotopically-labelled compounds of formula (I) wherein one or more atoms are replaced by atoms having the same atomic number, but an atomic mass or mass number different from the atomic mass or mass number usually found in nature.
  • isotopes suitable for inclusion in the compounds of the invention include isotopes of hydrogen, such as 2 H and 3 H, carbon, such as 11 C, 13 C and 14 C, chlorine, such as 36 Cl, fluorine, such as 18 F, iodine, such as 123 I and 125 I, nitrogen, such as 13 N and 15 N, oxygen, such as 15 O, 17 O and 18 O, phosphorus, such as 32 P, and sulphur, such as 35 S.
  • Radioactive isotopes tritium, i.e. 3 H, and carbon-14, i.e. 14 C, are particularly useful for this purpose in view of their ease of incorporation and ready means of detection.
  • substitution with heavier isotopes such as deuterium, i.e. 2 H, may afford certain therapeutic advantages resulting from greater metabolic stability, for example, increased in vivo half-life or reduced dosage requirements, and hence may be preferred in some circumstances.
  • Isotopically-labelled compounds can generally be prepared by conventional techniques known to those skilled in the art or by processes analogous to those described using an appropriate isotopically-labelled reagent in place of the non-labelled reagent previously employed.
  • concentration of each inhibitor was set at 50 nM to identify which compounds were the better inhibitors, compared to the known Pravastatin inhibitor. After these were identified, assays were carried out varying their concentrations from 0 nM to 50 nM allowing IC50 values to be calculated.
  • HMG-CoA Reductase assay kit obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (catalogue number CS1090).
  • the assay is based on the spectrophotometric measurement of the decrease in absorbance at 340 nm of NADPH in solution.
  • a decrease in absorbance is caused by the oxidation of NADPH by the catalytic subunit of HMGR in the presence of the substrate HMG-CoA.
  • Effective inhibition of the HMG-CoA leads to a reduction in oxidation of NADPH which in turn leads to a smaller reduction in the absorbance at 340 nm over time. This is illustrated in the following reaction scheme:
  • Compounds showing the best inhibitory action are those which reduce the absorbance least.
  • Ultrapure water (17 M ⁇ -cm or equivalent was used for the preparation of reagents and throughout the procedure.
  • an assay buffer solution was prepared using the following method: 0.2 ml of assay buffer, 5 ⁇ (catalogue number A5981) was diluted with 0.8 ml of ultrapure water. The resulting buffer solution was kept on ice or stored at ⁇ 20° C. for further use.
  • NADPH (catalogue number N6505) was reconstituted with 1.5 ml of the buffer solution.
  • HMG-CoA substrate solution (catalogue number S7447), HMG-CoA reductase (catalogue number H8789) and inhibitor solution (e.g. pravastatin, catalogue number I5909) were kept on ice throughout the procedure.
  • the spectrophotometer was set at 37° C. and 340 nm, with a kinetic programme: 1 ml sample, read every 20 seconds for up to 10 minutes. 2. The appropriate volumes of the reaction solutions were added according to Table 1 (1 ml assay).
  • the following table provides IC50 values for particular rosuvastatin compounds of the present invention.
  • the following example demonstrates the efficacy of the compounds of the invention.
  • the Example demonstrates the effect of 3 or 5 days BID treatment with four rosuvastatin compounds of the present invention and rosuvastatin (all at 25 mg/kg po) on rat plasma triglyceride levels 16 hours after the last treatment dose.
  • the measurement of the change in rat plasma triglyceride levels is considered to be a fair test for determining HMG CoA reductase activity.
  • 112 male SD rats (Harlan) were housed in groups of 6 under a 12 h light dark cycle (lights on 07.00 h) with free access to food (normal laboratory chow) and water. Animals between 148-183 g were allocated to treatment groups of 8 balanced by body weight and treatments were balanced across cages.
  • rosuvastatin analogues were made up in 10% PEG300/10% cremophor/80% methyl cellulose (0.5%) (vehicle 1) to make a 5 mg/mL solution.
  • the rosuvastatin compounds used were:
  • Rosuvastatin Lactol n-propyl acetal (diastereomeric ratio 2/1) (BPL001); Rosuvastatin lactol n-propyl acetal nicotinoyl ester (diastereomeric ratio 2/1) (BPL002); Rosuvastatin lactol iso-propyl acetal benzyl ether (BPL003); and Rosuvastatin lactol methyl acetal nicotinoyl ester (diastereomeric ratio 2/1) (BPL004).
  • Rosuvastatin was formulated in 0.5% Tween in 0.5% methyl cellulose (vehicle 2) at 5 mg/kg as a suspension.
  • Rats were orally dosed with vehicle 1, one of the four rosuvastatin analogues in vehicle 1 (25 mg/kg), vehicle 2 or rosuvastatin in vehicle 2 (25 mg/kg po), BID for 3 or 5 days.
  • terminal plasma samples were taken, stored at ⁇ 20° C., and transported on dry ice for analysis of triglyceride levels.

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US13/255,705 2009-03-10 2010-03-10 Use of Rosuvastatin Lactols as Medicaments Abandoned US20120004408A1 (en)

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GB0904104D0 (en) 2009-03-10 2009-04-22 Bradford Pharma Ltd Atorvastatin and rosuvastatin derivatives
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WO2015058020A1 (en) 2013-10-17 2015-04-23 Dow Agrosciences Llc Processes for the preparation of pesticidal compounds
CN105636441B (zh) 2013-10-17 2018-06-15 美国陶氏益农公司 制备杀虫化合物的方法
CN114404427A (zh) 2014-02-13 2022-04-29 配体药物公司 前药化合物及其用途
CN104293849A (zh) * 2014-06-10 2015-01-21 常州金隆生物医药有限公司 一种瑞舒伐他汀钙的制备方法
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ES2409406T3 (es) 2013-06-26
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US9102656B2 (en) 2015-08-11
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US20140018381A1 (en) 2014-01-16
CA2754825A1 (en) 2010-09-16
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EP2405972B1 (en) 2013-03-06
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EA022783B1 (ru) 2016-03-31
AU2010222658A1 (en) 2011-09-29

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