US20090301002A1 - System for constructing a semi-prefabricated building - Google Patents

System for constructing a semi-prefabricated building Download PDF

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Publication number
US20090301002A1
US20090301002A1 US12/162,288 US16228807A US2009301002A1 US 20090301002 A1 US20090301002 A1 US 20090301002A1 US 16228807 A US16228807 A US 16228807A US 2009301002 A1 US2009301002 A1 US 2009301002A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
slabs
slab
wall
roof
wall slabs
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
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US12/162,288
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English (en)
Inventor
Domingo Bengoa Saez De Cortazar
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Individual
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Individual
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Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
    • E04B1/04—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stone-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/35—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/35—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block
    • E04B1/3511—Lift-slab; characterised by a purely vertical lifting of floors or roofs or parts thereof
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/35—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block
    • E04B1/355—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block characterised by the tilting up of whole buildings or sections thereof, e.g. walls, portal frames
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
    • E04G21/163—Jacks specially adapted for working-up building elements

Definitions

  • the invention is comprised within the field of building construction and more specifically to building construction based on semi-prefabricated concrete slabs, the type of buildings which could be constructed with this process would be buildings with small dimensions as single-family dwellings, small warehouses or industrial premises and workshops.
  • the present invention relates to a system for constructing a semi-prefabricated building which is formed by a plurality of slabs corresponding to the outer walls, floor and roof of the building, the Outer wall slabs having a plurality of gaps corresponding to the windows and doors.
  • the system is characterized in that two of the outer wall slabs are located parallel to one another in a horizontal position on the floor slab, one of the sides of each wall being aligned respectively with one of the parallel edges of the floor slab, lifting means being fixed on the floor slab, which means have a fixed part and another moving part with respect to said slab, being located in the gaps of the windows of the outer wall slabs and the moving part of said lifting means remaining joined to anchoring elements located in the mentioned gaps and fixed to the slabs, the outer wall slabs being lifted due to the lowering thereof with respect to their lower edge until said slabs are located in an erect position and a support structure subsequently being placed on the gaps of the windows opposing one another of each of the outer wall slabs, which support structure is in turn fixed to both slabs by means of fixing elements, repeating the described operations for the case of the other two outer walls and joining the slabs of the four outer walls to one another.
  • the roof slab is located in the gap delimited by the four outer walls, and supported on the floor slab, which roof slab has a plurality of openings located in coincidence with the position of the lifting means used in the previous steps, the moving part of said lifting means being joined to anchoring elements located in the mentioned openings, the roof slab being lifted to a height above the height of the outer wall slabs, the roof slab being joined to the upper edge of the slabs of the four outer walls.
  • the outer wall slabs can have at least one gap for the windows.
  • the lifting means can in turn comprise a plurality of hydraulic jacks, at least one of said hydraulic jacks being locates in at least two of the gaps of the windows of the outer wall slabs.
  • the system can operate with a single lifting element per outer wall slab (a single gap of a window) provided that the weight of the slab is such that it is supported by the mentioned hydraulic jacks, in the event that said weight is exceeded, more than one lifting elements must be used for each slab, its number being determined based on the properties of each Jack and the weight of the slab.
  • At least two metal reinforcing bars in the form of an angle bracket can be used, one of them being located on the inner face of the mentioned slabs and the other one on the outer face and being fixed to one another and to the corresponding slab, subsequently pouring mass concrete.
  • the outer wall and roof slabs can have a plurality of pins perpendicular to the joining edges between said slabs, the ends of said pins being curved.
  • the pins corresponding to the roof slab can initially be bent and when the roof slab is lifted above the upper edge of the outer wall slabs, said rods are straightened.
  • the anchoring elements located in the gaps of the windows of the outer wall slabs and which are connected to the moving part of the lifting means, comprise at least one rod having a curved central portion for its seating on said moving part and the ends of which are joined to the slab in the stage of molding it.
  • Said rods are useful for hanging the slabs on the moving part of the lifting means, which moving part will have a stem perpendicular to the direction of movement of said moving part with respect to the fixed part.
  • the support structure can further be formed by two parallel bars, on each of which the fixing elements for fixing the support structure to the outer wall slabs are located, said joining means comprising two clamps, one of which is located on the inner face of the wall slab and the other of which is located on the outer face thereof, respective threaded bushings being located after said clamps, which bushings will have the possibility of being threaded on threaded sections made in each of the bars.
  • the support structure and the two slabs connected by it are aligned and solidly joined to one another, forming in turn a stable structure preventing said slabs from falling to the ground due to their own weight.
  • the reinforcing bars used for joining the roof slab with the outer wall slabs comprise an inner angle bracket and an outer mold provided on one of its faces with a wavy surface, defining a projection in the cornice of said roof slab after it is joined to the mentioned outer wall slabs by means of mass concrete.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an example of a building constructed by means of the system object of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan view of an example of a distribution in which the different rooms of a building constructed by means of the system object of the present invention can be seen.
  • FIG. 3 shows an upper plan view of the floor slab and of the two slabs corresponding to two of the parallel outer walls in a first step of constructing the building according to a system object of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows a plan view similar to that shown in FIG. 3 for a second variant of the system object of the present invention in which the outer wall slabs and the floor slab will be joined.
  • FIGS. 5A to 5C show respective sectional views according to section plane I-I of FIG. 3 in which the different stages of assembling two of the outer walls of the system object of the present invention can be seen.
  • FIG. 6 shows a sectional view according to section plane I-I of FIG. 3 , showing a last step of assembling two of the outer walls when they are erect, as well as a detail of the joining of the auxiliary structure to the outer walls.
  • FIG. 7 shows a plan view of the floor slab and the four slabs corresponding to the outer walls before they are joined.
  • FIG. 8 shows an upper plan view of the floor slab on which the roof slab is located before being lifted on it.
  • FIGS. 9A and 9B show a sectional view according to section plane II-II of FIG. 8 , showing the respective steps of the process for lifting the roof slab with respect to the floor slab and the outer wall slabs.
  • FIG. 3 shows a plan view of a first step of the building process using the system object of the present invention.
  • a baseplate ( 1 ) which forms the floor of the dwelling and is formed by a prefabricated concrete slab, on which two of the outer walls ( 2 - 2 ′) are arranged, said outer walls ( 2 - 2 ′) are also prefabricated concrete slabs and each of them has two gaps ( 3 - 4 ) and ( 3 ′- 4 ′) respectively for the windows, although it could have any number of windows such as a single window for example.
  • the mentioned gaps ( 3 - 4 ) and ( 3 ′- 4 ′) have been shaped at the same time as the slab itself is shaped by molding by means of mass concrete.
  • respective lifting means ( 5 - 6 ) and ( 5 ′- 6 ′) consisting particularly of hydraulic jacks, also being able to be pneumatic jacks or any other similar lifting means.
  • the windows in turn have anchoring elements, said elements, in this embodiment of the invention, are corrugated steel rods ( 7 - 7 ′) having a curvature in their central area and which are introduced (inserted) in the concrete in the stage of shaping the outer wall slabs ( 2 - 2 ′).
  • the curved area of said rods ( 7 - 7 ′) defines an anchoring point with the lifting means ( 5 - 6 ) and ( 5 ′- 6 ′) and more specifically with the moving part ( 8 ) thereof through a stem ( 9 ) perpendicular to said moving part.
  • the lifting means ( 5 - 5 ′) and ( 6 - 6 ′) will be joined to one another by means of respective bars 31 , for the purpose of maintaining the relative position between them and will in turn be fixed to the floor slab ( 1 ), using to that end known means such as screws and rivets.
  • the lifting means ( 5 - 6 ) and ( 5 - 6 ′) have the possibility of rotation with respect to the floor plate ( 1 ) thanks to a ball joint ( 10 ), said rotation occurring in a plane perpendicular to the floor slab ( 1 ) and to the outer wall slabs ( 2 - 2 ′) themselves.
  • the outer wall slab ( 2 ) is linked the rod ( 7 ) which is in turn connected to the moving part ( 8 ) of the lifting means and that the lifting means ( 5 - 6 ) remain fixed with respect to the floor slab ( 1 )
  • the moving elements ( 8 ) move with respect to the fixed elements and therefore the floor slab ( 1 ) and the outer wall slab ( 2 ) rotate or better said, it is lowered with respect to an axis coinciding with one of the lower edges for the support on the floor slab ( 1 ).
  • FIGS. 5A-5C This lowering movement can be seen clearly in FIGS. 5A-5C .
  • the rod ( 7 ) will logically be able to rotate with respect to the stem ( 9 ) to thus be able to convert the linear movement of the lifting element ( 5 - 6 ) into a lowering movement of the outer wall slab ( 2 ).
  • the process for lifting is prolonged until it is achieved that the outer wall slab ( 2 ) is completely erect and therefore perpendicular to the floor slab ( 1 ).
  • Both outer wall slabs ( 2 - 2 ′) are lifted in one and the same operation, the two standing walls being located in a parallel manner.
  • An auxiliary support structure ( 11 ) which is introduced through the gaps ( 3 - 3 ′) or ( 4 - 4 ′) corresponding to opposing windows corresponding to each of the outer wall slabs ( 2 - 2 ′) is used to prevent said outer wall slabs ( 2 - 2 ′) from falling due to their own weight.
  • Said support structure ( 11 ) is formed by at least two parallel bars ( 30 ) joined to one another by a plurality of bars which are inclined with respect to them, determining a spatial structure.
  • Joining means for the joining to the windows are arranged on the free ends of each of said bars ( 30 ), specifically each of the bars will be joined to one of the lateral sides of the gaps of the windows.
  • the mentioned joining means comprise two clamps ( 13 - 14 ), one of which ( 14 ) is located on the inner face of the wall slab and the other of which ( 13 ) is located on the outer face thereof, as can be seen in the detail of FIG.
  • respective threaded bushings ( 15 ) being located after said clamps, which bushings will have the possibility of being threaded on threaded sections made in each of the bars ( 30 ).
  • the mechanisms that are currently used to place and lift scaffolds, which will be welded to the ends of the bars ( 30 ), leaving enough space between them greater than the thickness of the slabs forming the outer walls ( 2 - 2 ′), will be used.
  • the slabs of the four outer walls ( 2 - 2 ′) and ( 16 - 16 ′) are joined perpendicular to one another by means of corrugated rod pins ( 17 ) with bent ends integrated in the slabs themselves during the process of prefabricating such slabs, such pins ( 17 ) correspond to the ends of the mat reinforcement which are included inside the slabs during the “in situ” molding thereof.
  • the slabs of the four outer walls ( 2 - 2 ′) and ( 16 - 16 ′) are joined using respective metal reinforcing bars ( 18 - 19 ) for each of the edges of the building.
  • metal reinforcing bars in the form of an angle bracket will be used, one of them ( 18 ) being located on the inner face of the mentioned slabs and the other one ( 19 ) being located on the outer face and being fixed to one another and to the corresponding slab to subsequently pour the mass concrete in the gap existing between contiguous slabs and thus join slabs of the four outer walls ( 2 - 2 ′) and ( 16 - 16 ′) in a safe and long-lasting manner.
  • FIG. 8 shows how the roof slab ( 20 ) is located on the floor slab ( 1 ) in the gap left by the four outer wall slabs ( 2 - 2 ′) and ( 16 - 16 ′) once they have been joined.
  • the roof slab ( 20 ) has at least four openings ( 21 ), circular in this case, to allow the passage of respective lifting means ( 5 - 6 ) and ( 5 ′- 6 ′).
  • Each of the openings ( 21 ) has engaging means similar to those used in the case of the outer wall slabs, which means consist of bent rods ( 22 ) introduced in the roof slab ( 20 ) itself during the process for molding such slabs, which rods define a connection point with the lifting means ( 5 - 6 ) and ( 5 ′- 6 ′) such that when the moving part of the four lifting means is lifted at the same time, the roof slab ( 20 ) is in turn lifted parallel to the floor slab ( 1 ) until reaching a height approximately equal to the height of the outer walls.
  • the lifting means ( 5 - 6 ) and ( 5 ′- 6 ′) will be fixed to the floor slab ( 1 ) such that its rotation with respect to said slab is not possible, using a bushing fixed the floor slab ( 1 ) or a similar element which can retain the fixed part of the lifting means ( 5 - 6 ) and ( 5 ′- 6 ′) without it rotating.
  • the roof slab ( 20 ) in turn has a plurality of pins ( 23 ) by way of a hook made of corrugated steel, integrated in the slab in the molding process using a mat reinforcement, with the particularity that said pins ( 23 ) are bent at the time of placing the roof slab ( 20 ) on the floor slab ( 1 ) so that said roof slab ( 20 ) and its corresponding pins ( 23 ) fit in the gap between the outer wall slabs.
  • the mentioned pins ( 23 ) are straightened, extending beyond the upper edge of the outer wall slabs ( 2 - 2 ′) and ( 16 - 16 ′).
  • the upper edge of the outer wall slabs ( 2 - 2 ′) and ( 16 - 16 ′) and the roof slab ( 20 ) are joined due to the mentioned pins ( 23 ) and the pins ( 24 ) of the slabs forming said outer walls, with the aid of respective metal reinforcing bars that are normally formed as a sheet, one of which ( 25 ) is angular and located on the inner face of both the roof slab ( 20 ) and of the corresponding outer wall slabs and a caisson ( 26 ) or outer mold which is fixed to the outer face of the outer wall slabs, there being defined a space on which the mass concrete will be poured to join the mentioned slabs.
  • FIG. 4 shows a variant of that shown in FIG. 3 , in which the floor slab ( 1 ) has mortises ( 27 ) for introducing the lower pins of the outer wall slabs ( 2 - 2 ′) once they have been lowered and completely erected.
  • the windows at their upper part can have moldings coupled thereto ( FIG. 1 ) with a staggered configuration to make the architectural assembly of the dwelling more aesthetic, such moldings can be independent for each side of the frame of the window or can be one-piece, being coupled directly to the frame of the mentioned window.
  • the mentioned caisson ( 26 ) used to join the roof slab ( 20 ) with the outer wall slabs ( 2 - 2 ′) and ( 16 - 16 ′) can have a wavy configuration, being able to define a staggering with a wavy profile, as can be seen in FIG. 1 , to imitate the appearance that a conventional roof formed from tiles would have and thus make the building more aesthetic.
  • FIG. 2 in turn schematically shows an example of the inner distribution of a building constructed by means of the method object of the present invention, said building having a rectangular prismatic base and in which a series of rooms ( 40 - 46 ) can be seen and in which a plurality of support columns ( 35 ) arranged at specific points of the building such that they can support the weight of the roof slab ( 20 ) is especially shown.
  • Such columns will be placed immediately before removing the lifting means ( 5 - 6 ) and ( 5 ′- 6 ′) when the roof slab ( 20 ) has been completely lifted and it has been joined with the outer wall slabs ( 2 - 2 ′) and ( 16 - 16 ′).
  • the mentioned columns will be securely joined to both the floor slab ( 1 ) and the roof slab ( 20 ) using known joining means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
US12/162,288 2006-01-25 2007-01-24 System for constructing a semi-prefabricated building Abandoned US20090301002A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ESP200600168 2006-01-25
ES200600168A ES2262442B1 (es) 2006-01-25 2006-01-25 Sistema para la construccion de una edificacion semiprefabricada.
PCT/ES2007/000029 WO2007085669A1 (es) 2006-01-25 2007-01-24 Sistema para la construcción de una edificación semiprefabricada

Publications (1)

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US20090301002A1 true US20090301002A1 (en) 2009-12-10

Family

ID=37565118

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US12/162,288 Abandoned US20090301002A1 (en) 2006-01-25 2007-01-24 System for constructing a semi-prefabricated building

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US20090301002A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP1978170A1 (zh)
CN (1) CN101375005A (zh)
AU (1) AU2007209317A1 (zh)
BR (1) BRPI0707262A2 (zh)
CA (1) CA2640341A1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2262442B1 (zh)
MA (1) MA29761B1 (zh)
MX (1) MX2008001229A (zh)
RU (1) RU2415231C2 (zh)
UA (1) UA92378C2 (zh)
WO (1) WO2007085669A1 (zh)
ZA (1) ZA200806494B (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109113349A (zh) * 2017-06-24 2019-01-01 李聪 一种预制楼板的定位装置及其定位方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2395104B1 (es) * 2010-08-25 2013-12-11 Domingo Bengoa Saez De Cortazar Edificacion semiprefabricada y procedimiento de construccion de dicha edificacion

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1538815A (en) * 1923-11-07 1925-05-19 Percival N Hunter Building apparatus
US2720017A (en) * 1948-11-30 1955-10-11 Inst Of Inventive Res Method of erecting buildings
US2836054A (en) * 1953-11-16 1958-05-27 Brauer Walter System of raised wall construction
US3016595A (en) * 1957-02-04 1962-01-16 Norman H Durst Movable arc form and building method
US3065573A (en) * 1959-08-13 1962-11-27 Goldberg Samuel Building construction
US3494092A (en) * 1967-07-05 1970-02-10 Delp W Johnson Integrated folding slab construction
US4147009A (en) * 1975-12-04 1979-04-03 Watry C Nicholas Precast panel building construction
US5839239A (en) * 1996-04-04 1998-11-24 Jang; Byung K. Apparatus and method for building construction
US6519906B2 (en) * 2000-05-26 2003-02-18 Louis L. Yost Corner assemblies for concrete form panels

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2125803A1 (de) * 1971-05-25 1972-12-07 Theodor Küppers, Baugesellschaft, 4200 Oberhausen-Osterfeld Verfahren zur Herstellung von Hochhäusern vorzugsweise Wohnhochhäusern aus Beton
FR2213388B1 (zh) * 1973-01-09 1975-03-28 Wartelle Rene
FR2450326A1 (fr) * 1979-03-01 1980-09-26 Services Construction Sarl Procede de prefabrication sur chantier des elements verticaux d'une construction en beton utilisant comme fond de moule le plancher porteur de ces elements

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1538815A (en) * 1923-11-07 1925-05-19 Percival N Hunter Building apparatus
US2720017A (en) * 1948-11-30 1955-10-11 Inst Of Inventive Res Method of erecting buildings
US2836054A (en) * 1953-11-16 1958-05-27 Brauer Walter System of raised wall construction
US3016595A (en) * 1957-02-04 1962-01-16 Norman H Durst Movable arc form and building method
US3065573A (en) * 1959-08-13 1962-11-27 Goldberg Samuel Building construction
US3494092A (en) * 1967-07-05 1970-02-10 Delp W Johnson Integrated folding slab construction
US4147009A (en) * 1975-12-04 1979-04-03 Watry C Nicholas Precast panel building construction
US5839239A (en) * 1996-04-04 1998-11-24 Jang; Byung K. Apparatus and method for building construction
US6519906B2 (en) * 2000-05-26 2003-02-18 Louis L. Yost Corner assemblies for concrete form panels

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109113349A (zh) * 2017-06-24 2019-01-01 李聪 一种预制楼板的定位装置及其定位方法

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Publication number Publication date
MX2008001229A (es) 2008-03-24
ES2262442A1 (es) 2006-11-16
RU2008130692A (ru) 2010-02-27
ZA200806494B (en) 2009-12-30
RU2415231C2 (ru) 2011-03-27
CN101375005A (zh) 2009-02-25
WO2007085669A1 (es) 2007-08-02
ES2262442B1 (es) 2007-11-01
AU2007209317A1 (en) 2007-08-02
EP1978170A1 (en) 2008-10-08
CA2640341A1 (en) 2007-08-02
MA29761B1 (fr) 2008-09-01
BRPI0707262A2 (pt) 2011-04-26
UA92378C2 (ru) 2010-10-25

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