US20090143199A1 - Body Movement Detecting Apparatus - Google Patents

Body Movement Detecting Apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US20090143199A1
US20090143199A1 US12/274,113 US27411308A US2009143199A1 US 20090143199 A1 US20090143199 A1 US 20090143199A1 US 27411308 A US27411308 A US 27411308A US 2009143199 A1 US2009143199 A1 US 2009143199A1
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Prior art keywords
body movement
exercise
walking exercise
data
consumption energy
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US12/274,113
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English (en)
Inventor
Kenji Nishibayashi
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Tanita Corp
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Tanita Corp
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Publication of US20090143199A1 publication Critical patent/US20090143199A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C22/00—Measuring distance traversed on the ground by vehicles, persons, animals or other moving solid bodies, e.g. using odometers, using pedometers
    • G01C22/006—Pedometers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/103—Measuring devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/11—Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb
    • A61B5/1118—Determining activity level
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/22—Ergometry; Measuring muscular strength or the force of a muscular blow
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/48—Other medical applications
    • A61B5/4866—Evaluating metabolism

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a body movement detecting apparatus which detects a body movement of an user and calculates energy consumed by the body movement.
  • pedometers as one of the body movement detecting apparatus, and specifically those having a consumption energy calculating function added thereto are widely used.
  • Such pedometers are adapted to count the number of steps made by the walking exercise of the user, and calculate the consumption energy according to the number of steps.
  • body movement detecting apparatus for example, the one disclosed in JP-A-2002-191580 is proposed.
  • the pedometer in the related art cannot calculate the consumption energy consumed by such movements unless it is not counted as the steps made by the walking exercise of the user.
  • the period that a person make an exercise harder than the walking exercise per day might not be much in many cases, and hence if the accurate calculation of the consumption energy relating to the body movement from which the number of steps is not counted, or is hardly counted (for example, house work such as cleaning of the house or gardening) is not achieved, the total consumption energy of the user cannot be seen accurately.
  • the body movement to be detected is needed to be the walking exercise, and hence the user cannot calculate the energy that the user consumes in the action including not only the walking exercise, but also other daily exercises totally. Therefore, the apparatus cannot be considered to be sufficient for other objects such as daily health care administration, dieting, and so on.
  • a body movement detecting apparatus in the invention includes a body movement data acquiring unit that acquires body movement data relating to a body movement of a user; a body movement discriminating unit that discriminates whether the body movement is a walking exercise or an exercise other than the walking exercise on the basis of the body movement data; and a computing unit that calculates a consumption energy during the walking exercise on the basis of the body movement data of the body movement which is discriminated as the walking exercise from among the body movement data by the body movement discriminating unit, calculates a consumption energy at the time of exercise other than the walking exercise on the basis of the body movement data of the body movement which is discriminated as the exercise other than the walking exercise from among the body movement data by the body movement discriminating unit, and calculates a consumption energy by the body movement of the user by adding these consumption energy from among the body movement data by the body movement discriminating unit.
  • the body movement data includes a body movement strength and a body movement pitch of the user at every certain elapsed time
  • the body movement discriminating unit discriminates the movement of the user between a walking exercise or an exercise other than the walking exercise on the basis of the body movement strength and the body movement pitch.
  • the body movement data includes a difference between an upper peak value and a lower peak value of the body movement strength at every certain elapsed time and the body movement pitch
  • the body movement discriminating unit discriminates the movement of the user between a walking exercise or an exercise other than the walking exercise on the basis of the body movement strength and the body movement pitch.
  • the body movement data includes acceleration values generated by the body movement
  • the body movement discriminating unit includes an accelerator sensor which outputs different output values according to the acceleration values.
  • a biological data acquiring unit that acquires a biological data of the user is provided, and the computing unit calculates the consumption energy consumed by the body movement of the user using a calculation formula having the biological data acquired by the biological data acquiring unit and the body movement data as parameters.
  • calculation of the consumption energy during the walking exercise is achieved by using a calculation formula including parameters at least such as a body weight as the biological data and a coefficient and a number of steps corresponding to the body movement pitch of the user as the body movement data.
  • calculation of the consumption energy during exercises other than the walking exercise is achieved by using a calculation formula including parameters at least such as a body weight and a lean body mass as the biological data and data relating to acceleration values generated by the body movement as the body movement data.
  • the consumption energy consumed by the body movement of the user is calculated assuming that a running exercise is included in the walking exercise.
  • the energy consumed by the walking exercise not only the energy consumed by the walking exercise, but also the energy consumed by the exercises other than the walking exercise can be calculated, so that the energy consumed by the user is calculated totally and accurately.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a body movement detecting apparatus according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a graph showing an example of the result of measurement of a body movement data by the body movement detecting apparatus according to the first embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of a flow of operation of the body movement detecting apparatus according to the first embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing an example of the result of measurement of the body movement data by the body movement detecting apparatus according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of a flow of operation of the body movement detecting apparatus according to the second embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a body movement detecting apparatus 10 .
  • the body movement detecting apparatus 10 includes an operating unit 21 , a display unit 22 , an accelerator sensor 31 , a computer 32 , a storage 33 , a timer 34 , an A/D converter 35 , and a controller 40 . Configurations of respective components will be described in detail below.
  • the operating unit 21 (biological data acquiring unit) mainly functions as data input unit for entering a biological data of an user or for entering set items of the body movement detecting apparatus 10 .
  • the number, the shape, and the controlling method of the operating unit 21 are not specifically limited, and may be selected as needed from a button type, a touch sensor type, a dialing type, and so on.
  • the biological data to be entered via the operating unit 21 includes, for example, the body weight, the height, the age, the sex, and the lean body mass. However, the biological data is not specifically limited as long as it is preferable biological data for obtaining a consumption energy consumed by a body movement of the user as described later.
  • preset items means items to be set by the user when using the body movement detecting apparatus 10 and, for example, includes activation and termination of the body movement detecting apparatus 10 , current date and time, and switching of the display contents displayed on the display unit 22 .
  • the biological data and the preset items entered in this manner are stored in the storage 33 (for example, RAM (Random Access Memory)) or displayed on the display unit 22 by the control of the controller 40 .
  • the display unit 22 is a data display unit that displays data sent from the controller 40 , and mainly displays the biological data of the user, the preset items, an operation guide, and consumption energy and body movement data (for example, the number of steps).
  • body movement data here is data on the body movement of the user and, more specifically, data which reflects the body movement of the user (for example, a walking exercise, a running exercise, and other exercises) including the body movement data relating to the strength of the body movement (a body movement strength), repetition and continuity of the body movement, the pitch of the body movement when the same movement is repeated (a body movement pitch) and the number of times (for example, the number of steps).
  • Data relating to acceleration values of the body movement of the user is preferably used as the body movement strength, and the acceleration values may be analogue data obtained by an acceleration measurement instrument, or may be data after having converted into digital data via analogue-digital conversion (hereinafter, referred to as an A/D conversion)
  • the data relating to the acceleration values may be selected as needed from a value obtained by subtracting a lower peak value from an upper peak value of each body movement, the acceleration values by itself for each body movement, an integrated value of the acceleration values per a given period (the magnitude of the acceleration values, described later).
  • body movement designates general movements of the user's body, and includes not only the walking exercise and the running exercise, (hereinafter, these movements are referred generically to as walking exercise), but also exercises other than the walking exercise (for example, a step movement having no or extremely small extent of repetition or continuity, a movement of only the upper half body, and so on).
  • the display contents described above is stored in the storage 33 , and the controller 40 reads out data from the storage 33 according to the state of usage of the body movement detecting apparatus 10 and displays on the display unit 22 according to the program stored in the storage 33 in advance.
  • a display unit using liquid crystal such as full-dot LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) may be employed as the display unit 22 , and alternatively, the display unit 22 and the operating unit 21 may be configured integrally as a liquid crystal display panel having, for example, a touch panel function.
  • full-dot LCD Liquid Crystal Display
  • the body movement detecting apparatus 10 includes the accelerator sensor 31 , the computer 32 , the storage 33 , the timer 34 , the A/D converter 35 , and the controller 40 as an internal mechanism.
  • the computer 32 and the controller 40 each are preferably configured with an integrated circuit.
  • the timer 34 measures an elapse of a predetermined period or determines whether or not the predetermined time is elapsed. For example, it is able to measure the elapsed time from a moment when the user starts to use the body movement detecting apparatus 10 or to determine the body movement pitch of the user (for example, the time required for one step).
  • the timer 34 is configured as an independent component. However, it may be integrated with the controller 40 as a timer circuit for determining whether the predetermined time is elapsed or not by the controller 40 by itself.
  • the accelerator sensor 31 is a body movement data acquiring unit that acquires the body movement data relating to the body movement of the user, and is a sensor which outputs various output values according to the acceleration values using the acceleration values generated by the body movement of the user as one of the body movement data. More specifically, the accelerator sensor 31 includes a X-axis sensor 31 a, a Y-axis sensor 31 b, and a Z-axis sensor 31 c so as to detect the body movement in the directions of three axes which are orthogonal to each other (X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis) (see FIG.
  • the body movement strength of the user is the data relating to the acceleration values, and the body movement data is acquired in such a manner that the body movement strength is determined to be heavy when the acceleration values are high, and to be light when the acceleration values are low.
  • the respective output values as the analogue data acquired by the X-axis sensor 31 a, the Y-axis sensor 31 b, and the Z-axis sensor 31 c of the accelerator sensor 31 are converted into digital data respectively by the A/D converter 35 for the processing by the controller 40 or the computer 32 , and is stored in the storage 33 corresponding to a predetermined elapsed time from the start of acquisition in conjunction with the timer 34 .
  • the A/D converted values of the respective output values of the X-axis sensor 31 a, the Y-axis sensor 31 b, and the Z-axis sensor 31 c are combined by the computer 32 to obtain the acceleration values as digital data (the A/D converted value of the acceleration values) by calculation, and the digital acceleration values are stored in the storage 33 corresponding to the predetermined elapsed time from the start of acquisition in conjunction with the timer 34 .
  • the acceleration values corresponding to the elapsed time not only the body movement strength, but also presence or absence of the repetition and continuity of the body movement, the pitch when the same body movement is repeated (body movement pitch), and the number of times (for example, the number of steps) are acquired simultaneously as the body movement data by observing the acceleration values in sequence of acquisition in time series.
  • attachment of the body movement detecting apparatus 10 to the user is preferably in tight contact with the user's body as much as possible and, specifically, a state of being attached to a belt which is put around the waist of the user or a state of being put into a chest pocket of a dressing of the user are preferably recommended so that the weight of the upper half body is detected.
  • the body movement data acquired in this manner is stored in the storage 33 or partly (for example, the number of steps) displayed on the display unit 22 under the control of the controller 40 .
  • the controller 40 is electrically connected to the operating unit 21 , the display unit 22 , the accelerator sensor 31 , the computer 32 , the storage 33 , the timer 34 , and the A/D converter 35 , and the operations thereof are controlled by the controller 40 .
  • the controller 40 functions as the body movement discriminating unit that discriminates whether the body movement is the walking exercise or exercises other than the walking exercise on the basis of the body movement data (the body movement strength, the body movement pitch) acquired by the accelerator sensor 31 .
  • FIG. 2 is a graph showing an example of the result of acquisition of the body movement data by the body movement detecting apparatus 10 .
  • FIG. 2 shows a state of being shifted from the walking exercise (a portion I in FIG. 2 ) to an exercise other than the walking exercise (a portion II in FIG. 2 ) as an example of the body movement of the user.
  • the controller 40 converts the acceleration values acquired by the accelerator sensor 31 from analogue to digital by the A/D converter 35 , stores the same in the storage 33 in the time series of acquisition, acquires a waveform by plotting all the A/D converted acceleration values acquired in sequence with the elapsed time (unit: second) on the lateral axis and the A/D converted acceleration value (unit: count) on the vertical axis, and observes the transition of the acceleration values for the determination.
  • the acceleration values as the analogue data acquired by the accelerator sensor 31 may be plotted without processing, or the value after having applied a certain process to the A/D converted acceleration values for simplifying the observation of the waveform may be plotted.
  • the controller 40 Discrimination between the walking exercise and exercises other than the walking exercise is performed by the controller 40 according to a program stored in the storage 33 in advance.
  • a first threshold value X and a second threshold value Y set in advance and stored in the storage 33 may be used.
  • the first threshold value X is a threshold value of the difference (amplitude) between the upper peak value and the lower peak value of the acceleration values and, for example, a value having an adequate wave amplitude for the determination of one step of the walking exercise is set (see FIG. 2 ).
  • the second threshold value Y is a threshold value of the number of times of the body movement which is determined as walking within a given period t 2 and, for example, the number of waves (one cycle) shown by the acceleration values adequate for determining the body movement to be the continuous walking exercise is set.
  • the value of the given period t 2 for counting the number of waves in the waveform of the acceleration values in the case of determining whether or not the body movement is the continuous walking exercise may be set as needed to a value adequate for confirming that it is a continuous movement of the walking exercise.
  • the two threshold values are set, so that the body movement is the walking exercise or an exercise other than the walking exercise can be determined generally as follows.
  • the first threshold value X and the second threshold value Y are used as the threshold values.
  • the details and the number of threshold values are not limited specifically as long as whether or not the body movement is the walking exercise or an exercise other than the walking exercise can be determined, and may be set as needed.
  • the exercises other than the walking exercise includes heavy exercises and light exercises in strength.
  • the strength of the exercise other than the walking exercise using a third threshold value Z of the body movement strength is determined.
  • the computer 32 calculates the consumption energy consumed by the body movement of the user under the control of the controller 40 on the basis of the biological data or the body movement data of the user stored in the storage 33 .
  • the computer 32 calculates the consumption energy consumed by the walking exercise on the basis of the body movement data (the body movement pitch or the number of steps) of the body movement determined as the walking exercise by the controller 40 as the body movement discriminating unit, calculates the consumption energy consumed by the exercise other than the walking exercise on the basis of the body movement data (the body movement strength) of the body movement determined as the exercise other than the walking exercise, and adds up these consumption energies, so that the total consumption energy consumed by the body movement of the user is calculated.
  • Consumption energy calculation formulas corresponding to the walking exercise or the exercises other than the walking exercise are stored in the storage 33 , respectively in advance.
  • Consumption energy calculation formulas corresponding to the heavy exercise and the light exercise in body movement strength in the exercises other than the walking exercise are stored in the storage 33 in advance.
  • the computer 32 calculates the consumption energy consumed by the walking exercise and the consumption energy consumed by the exercises other than the walking exercise are calculated respectively using the calculation formulas corresponding to the respective exercises selected by the controller 40 , and adds up the consumption energy consumed by the walking exercise and the consumption energy consumed by the exercises other than the walking exercise, so that the consumption energy on the basis of the entire body movement of the user is calculated.
  • the calculation formula for calculating the consumption energy consumed by the walking exercise is, for example, “weight of the user ⁇ number of steps ⁇ coefficient”.
  • the coefficient may be set arbitrarily as a product of a constant defied according to the body movement pitch and a coefficient defined by the body movement strength.
  • the constant which is defined by the body movement pitch may be determined, for example, to be c 1 when the time required for one step (body movement pitch) is in the range from 250 ms inclusive to 300 ms exclusive, and to be c 2 when it is within the range from 300 ms inclusive to 350 ms exclusive.
  • the coefficient may be set so as to be increased in sequence every 50 ms (for example, c 1 ⁇ c 2 ⁇ . . . ).
  • the coefficient which is defined by the body movement strength may be a coefficient defined by data on the measured acceleration values and, for example, may be set to be increased in sequence according to the stages of the “magnitude of acceleration value”, which is classified into given number of stages in advance, from a stage having a small “magnitude of acceleration value” to a stage having a large “magnitude of acceleration value”, described later (for example, a 1 ⁇ a 2 ⁇ . . . ).
  • calculation of the consumption energy is achieved using the same calculation formula irrespective of whether the body movement is the running exercise or the walking exercise.
  • the time required for one step (body movement pitch) is shorter than the case of the walking exercise. Therefore, on the basis of the setting of the coefficient, the coefficient defined by the body movement pitch is increased.
  • the acceleration value is large, and hence the coefficient defined by the body movement strength becomes large. Therefore, since the coefficient in the calculation formula of the consumption energy is large, it is determined that a larger energy than the walking exercise is consumed.
  • the computer 32 determines to which one of the coefficients (c 1 , c 2 , . . . ) the average value of the body movement pitches taken at every given period t 3 belongs and defines the coefficient and, simultaneously, determines to which one of the coefficients (a 1 , a 2 , . . . ) the average value of the body movement strengths belongs, and defines the coefficient, whereby the “consumption energy consumed by the walking exercise” generated during the given period t 3 on the basis of these coefficients.
  • a given period t 3 for example, 10 seconds
  • the “consumption energy consumed by the walking exercise” corresponding to the entire period of the walking exercise is calculated by adding up all the consumption energies consumed during each given period t 3 obtained in this manner. It is also possible to adapt the apparatus to calculate instantaneous consumption energies generated in one step (the body movement data) or to add up these consumption energies to calculates the “consumption energy consumed by the walking exercise” corresponding to the entire number of steps.
  • the calculation formula for calculating the consumption energy consumed by the exercises other than the walking exercise is, for example, “weight of the user ⁇ magnitude of acceleration value ⁇ first coefficient+second coefficient”.
  • the first coefficient and the second coefficient may be set arbitrarily. However, it is preferable to set these coefficients to different values according to the sex (biological data). When the height and the lean body mass may be used as the biological data of the user in addition to the sex, further accurate consumption energy is calculated by introducing terms including such data.
  • the calculation formula in this case is preferably prepared separately for each sex.
  • a calculation formula “acceleration value (or acceleration value applied with certain processing) ⁇ body weight ⁇ third coefficient+lean body mass ⁇ fourth coefficient ⁇ fifth coefficient” is employed as the formula for male and a calculation formula “acceleration value (or acceleration value applied with certain processing) ⁇ body weight ⁇ sixth coefficient (lean body mass/square of height) ⁇ seventh coefficient ⁇ eighth coefficient” is employed as the formula for female.
  • the third coefficient to the eighth coefficient may be set arbitrarily. However, it is preferable to set these coefficients to different values according to the sex (biological data). In this manner, the computer 32 calculates the “consumption energy consumed by the exercises other than the walking exercise” generated during the given period t 3 .
  • the “consumption energy consumed by the exercises other than the walking exercise” corresponding to the entire period of the exercises other than the walking exercise is calculated by adding up all the consumption energies consumed during each given period t 3 obtained in this manner.
  • the given period t 3 is a unit time for calculating the consumption energy.
  • the average value of the acceleration values measured during the given period t 3 is the third threshold value Z or larger, it is determined as the heavy exercise whose body movement strength is high, and when it is smaller than the third threshold value Z, it is determined as the light exercise whose body movement strength is low, so that calculation of the consumption energy is achieved using the corresponding calculation formulas respectively.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of a flow of operation of the body movement detecting apparatus 10 .
  • the user After having activated the body movement detecting apparatus 10 and prior to the acquisition of the body movement data, the user operates the operating unit 21 and enters the biological data and the set items, whereby the entered biological information and the set items are stored in a predetermined area in the storage 33 , so that the initial setting is achieved (Step S 1 ).
  • the stored biological data and the set items can be read out by operating the operating unit 21 and displayed on the display unit 22 , so that the user is able to make a correction by operating the operating unit 21 as needed while viewing the display.
  • the body movement detecting apparatus 10 After having completed such the input operation, the body movement detecting apparatus 10 is attached to a predetermined position such as on the dressing of the user.
  • Step S 2 Acquisition of the body movement data by the accelerator sensor 31 of the body movement detecting apparatus 10 is started, and the acquired body movement data is stored into the storage 33 (Step S 2 ). More specifically, the A/D converter 35 converts output values from the accelerator sensor 31 acquired by the X-axis sensor 31 a, the Y-axis sensor 31 b, and the Z-axis sensor 31 c as analogue data into digital data respectively, and the controller 40 acquires an elapsed time from a point when the acquisition is started (or a current time) by the timer 34 at the same time, and stores the A/D converted value of the respective output values in the storage unit corresponding to the elapsed time from the point when the acquisition is started (or the current time).
  • the computer 32 combines the A/D converted values of the respective output values from the X-axis sensor 31 a, the Y-axis sensor 31 b, and the Z-axis sensor 31 c to obtain the acceleration value as digital data (the A/D converted value of the acceleration value) by calculation, and the controller 40 stores the A/D converted values of the acceleration values corresponding to the elapsed time (Step S 3 ).
  • waveforms are acquired respectively for the output value from the X-axis sensor 31 a, the output value from the Y-axis sensor 31 b, and the output value from the Z-axis sensor 31 c with the lateral axis representing the elapsed time (unit: second) and the vertical axis representing the A/D converted values of the acceleration value (unit: count).
  • n samples are extracted respectively from output values of the X-axis sensor 31 a (X 1 , X 2 , . . . X n ), output values of the Y-axis sensor 31 b (Y 1 , Y 2 , . . .
  • the given period t 4 is a time interval for calculating the average values
  • the value n is the number of samples for calculating these average values, and these values may be set as needed.
  • the absolute values from the average values are obtained for the respective samples, and combined to calculate the “acceleration value”.
  • the acceleration value of the first sample is calculated using the respective average values AX, AY, and AZ with an expression ⁇ ((X 1 ⁇ AX) 2 +(Y 1 ⁇ AY) 2 +(Z 1 ⁇ AZ) 2 ).
  • the acceleration values are calculated to the n th sample, and this calculation is repeated to obtain the acceleration values, and then all the acceleration values calculated in sequence are plotted with the lateral axis representing the elapsed time (unit: second) and the vertical axis representing the A/D converted value of the acceleration value (unit: count), so that the waveform of the acceleration value is acquired.
  • Step S 4 whether or not the lower peak value is acquired (Step S 4 ) and whether or not the upper peak value is acquired (Step S 5 ) are determined in sequence.
  • the walking flag is set to zero, and it is determined that the exercises other than the walking exercise is being performed (Step S 20 ).
  • Step S 4 when the lower peak value is acquired (Yes in Step S 4 ) and also the upper peak value is acquired (Yes in Step S 5 ), the difference between the acquired upper peak value and the lower peak value (amplitude) is calculated. Whether or not the difference between the upper peak value and the lower peak value exceeds the first threshold value X is determined (Step S 6 ) and, when it does not exceed the first threshold value X (No in Step S 6 ), the walking flag is set to zero, and it is determined that the exercises other than the walking exercise is being performed (Step S 20 ).
  • Step S 7 When the difference between the upper peak value and the lower peak value exceeds the first threshold value X (Yes in Step S 6 ), whether or not the difference between the upper peak value and the lower peak value is acquired within the given period ti is determined (Step S 7 ). When it is considered that the amplitude value is not acquired within the given period t 1 (No in Step S 7 ), the walking flag is set to zero and it is determined that the exercises other than the walking exercise is being performed (Step S 20 ).
  • Step S 8 when the difference between the upper peak value and the lower peak value is acquired in the given period t 1 (Yes in Step S 7 ), whether or not the walking flag is zero is determined (Step S 8 ).
  • the buffer corresponding to the walking flag is added by one (Step S 9 ).
  • the buffer is data on the number of times of body movements stored temporarily for determining that the body movement of the user is the walking exercise and is the number of waves of the waveform of the acceleration value, that is, the number of steps which satisfies the conditions in Step S 6 and Step S 7 in the first embodiment.
  • Step S 10 When the value of the buffer exceeds the given period t 2 from the time point when the value of the buffer becomes 1 in Step S 9 (No in Step S 10 ), the walking flag is set to zero and the value of the buffer is reset to zero, and it is determined that the exercises other than the walking exercise is being performed (Step S 20 ). In contrast, when it is within the given period t 2 from the time point when the value of the buffer becomes 1 in Step S 9 (Yes in Step S 10 ), whether or not the value of the buffer is larger than the second threshold value Y is determined (Step S 11 ). Accordingly, when the value of the buffer exceeds the second threshold value Y (for example, 10 steps) in the given period t 2 (for example, 10 seconds), it is determined that the user is performing the continuous walking exercise.
  • the second threshold value Y for example, 10 steps
  • the given period t 2 and the second threshold value Y may be set to a period and the number of steps adequate for determining that the user is performing the continuous walking exercise.
  • the procedure goes back to Step S 2 where the same process is repeated.
  • the walking fag is rewritten to 1 (Step S 12 )
  • the current number of steps is rewritten by adding the value obtained by subtracting 1 from the buffer value (Step S 13 ) and, the current number of steps is further rewritten by adding 1 to the current number of steps (Step S 14 ).
  • Step S 13 The reason why the value obtained by subtracting 1 from the buffer value is added to the counted number of steps in Step S 13 is because it is necessary by right to add the number of steps (the buffer value) made immediately before determination of the start of the continuous walking exercise for making this determination and, in Step S 13 , the value obtained by subtracting 1 from the buffer value is added considering that the counted number of steps is further added by 1 in Step S 14 .
  • the walking flag is set to 1 and it is determined that the continuous walking exercise is started, the steps from Step S 9 to Step S 13 are omitted and the procedure goes from Step S 8 to Step S 14 .
  • the reason why whether or not it is the waking exercise is determined on the basis of the consideration of the buffer value is because there is a case where the user simply makes a discontinuous body movement which cannot be determined as the continuous walking exercise even when the user does several steps, and hence the body movement such as the steps which cannot be determined as the continuous walking exercise but are determined as a noise should be excluded from the walking exercise.
  • the energy consumed by such the movement excluded from the walking exercise can also be calculated as described later, and hence the entire energy consumed by the user including the consumption energy consumed by the exercises other than the walking exercise is calculated totally and adequately.
  • Step S 15 whether the given period t 3 1 , which is a unit time for calculating the consumption energy, has elapsed or not is determined.
  • the starting point of calculation of the given period t 3 1 is set as an example shown below.
  • Step S 15 When it is before having elapsed the given period t 3 1 (No in Step S 15 ), the procedure goes back to Step S 2 , and the same process is repeated.
  • the controller 40 and the computer 32 calculate the “magnitude of the acceleration values” (the body movement strength) of the walking exercise during the given period t 3 1 (Step S 16 ), determine predetermined coefficient corresponding to the respective values, and store the same in the storage 33 .
  • the magnitude of the acceleration value is a product of the acceleration values (the respective plotted values in Step S 3 ) during the given period t 3 1 as the unit time for calculating the consumption energy.
  • the controller 40 and the computer 32 calculate the average value of the body movement pitch by the walking exercise during the given period t 3 1 (Step S 17 ), determine predetermined coefficient corresponding to the respective values, and store the same in the storage 33 .
  • Calculation of the average value of the body movement pitch is achieved, for example, by obtaining the average value of the intervals (time) between the upper peaks (or the lower peaks) of the respective waves (respective numbers of steps) in the waveform of the acceleration value during the given period t 3 1 .
  • the computer 32 applies a coefficient determined by the body weight, the number of steps, the body movement pitches, and the body movement strength of the user to the calculation formula for calculating the consumption energy consumed by the walking exercise to calculate the “consumption energy consumed by the walking exercise” during the given period t 3 1 (Step S 18 ). At this time, it also calculates “the consumption energy consumed by the walking exercise” corresponding to the entire period of the walking exercise by adding up all the consumption energies consumed during each given period t 3 1 obtained in this manner. The controller 40 stores “the consumption energy consumed by the walking exercise” calculated in this manner in the storage 33 .
  • the walking flag is set to zero, and is determined that the exercise other than the walking exercise is started, and then whether or not the given period t 3 2 as the unit time for calculating the consumption energy has elapsed is determined (Step S 21 ).
  • the starting point of calculation of the given period t 3 2 is set as an example shown below.
  • Step S 2 When the given period t 3 2 is a unit time to which the time point when the first body movement data is acquired in Step S 2 immediately after Step S 1 belongs, the corresponding point is determined to be the starting point of calculation.
  • the time point when the unit time (given period t 3 1 ) for calculating the consumption energy of the walking exercise done immediately before is ended is set to the starting time of calculation.
  • Step S 21 When it is before having elapsed the given period t 3 2 (No in Step S 21 ), the procedure goes back to Step S 2 , and the same process is repeated. In contrast when the given period t 3 2 has elapsed (Yes in Step S 21 ), the “consumption energy consumed by the exercises other than the walking exercise” is calculated.
  • the consumption energy with a higher degree of accuracy can be calculated by determining whether the exercise other than the walking exercise is a heavy exercise or a light exercise and using different calculation formulas depending on the strength will be described.
  • the controller 40 and the computer 32 calculate the “magnitude of the acceleration value” (the body movement strength) in the exercises other than the walking exercise during the given period t 3 2 (Step S 22 ).
  • the magnitude of the acceleration value is a product of the acceleration values (the respective plotted values in Step S 3 ) during the given period t 3 2 as the unit time for calculating the consumption energy.
  • the controller 40 and the computer 32 select a calculation formula used in the case of the light exercise from among the exercises other than the walking exercise (a calculation formula 1 for the exercises other than the walking exercise) to calculate the “consumption energy consumed by the exercises other than the walking exercise” during the given period t 3 2 (Step S 24 ), and when it is third threshold value Z or larger (No in Step S 23 ), the controller 40 and the computer 32 select a calculation formula used in the case of the heavy exercise from among the exercises other than the walking exercise (a calculation formula 2 for the exercises other than the walking exercise) to calculates the “consumption energy consumed by the exercises other than the walking exercise” during the given period t 3 2 (Step S 25 ).
  • the computer 32 may calculate the “consumption energy consumed by the exercises other than the walking exercise” corresponding to the entire period of the exercises other than the walking exercise which is calculated by adding up all the consumption energies consumed during each given period t 3 calculated in the same manner.
  • the controller 40 stores “the consumption energy consumed by the exercises other than the walking exercise” calculated in this manner in the storage 33 .
  • the computer 32 adds up the “consumption energy consumed by the walking exercise” and the “consumption energy consumed by the exercises other than the walking exercise” calculated in this manner as needed to calculate the entire consumption energy consumed by the body movement of the user, and the controller 40 displays the calculated result on the display unit 22 (Step S 19 ). Subsequently, the procedure goes back to Step S 2 to repeat the same process.
  • the body movement detecting apparatus includes an operating unit 21 , a display unit 22 , an accelerator sensor 31 , a computer 32 , a storage 33 , a timer 34 , an A/D converter 35 , and a controller 40 like the body movement detecting apparatus 10 in the first embodiment, and hence the detailed descriptions on the respective component will be omitted.
  • the body movement detecting apparatus according to the second embodiment employs a method of discrimination different from the body movement detecting apparatus 10 in the first embodiment as a method of discrimination of the walking exercise and the exercises other than the walking exercise. The method of discrimination of the walking exercise and the exercises other than the walking exercise will be described below.
  • the controller 40 Discrimination between the walking exercise and exercises other than the walking exercise is performed by the controller 40 according to a program stored in the storage 33 in advance.
  • a fourth threshold value A and the fifth threshold value B set in advance and stored in the storage 33 may be used.
  • the fourth threshold value A is a threshold value of the acceleration value (the body movement strength) and, an adequate acceleration value for determining the first step of the walking exercise is set (see FIG. 4 ).
  • the fifth threshold value B is a threshold value of the time interval (body movement pitch) between upper peak values of adjacent waves in the waveform of the acceleration value, and a pitch per one step adequate for the determination of the walking exercise is set.
  • the two threshold values (the fourth threshold value A and the fifth threshold value B) are set, so that the body movement is the walking exercise or an exercise other than the walking exercise can be determined generally as follows.
  • the controller 40 serves as a step counting unit by counting the number of steps (the body movement data) by allocating one step for one wave while confirming that the wave immediately after the determination to be the walking exercise demonstrates the predetermined body movement strength and the body movement pitch, and stores the number of steps and the time required for one step (the body movement pitch) in the storage 33 .
  • the predetermined body movement strength and the body movement pitch cannot be confirmed continuously, it is determined to be the exercise other than the walking exercise.
  • the predetermined body movement strength and the body movement pitch cannot be confirmed continuously any longer it is determined that the body movement is shifted from the walking exercise to the exercise other than the walking exercise, and counting of the number of steps is discontinued.
  • the value of N may be set to a value adequate for confirming that the body movement is the continuous movement, that is, the walking exercise.
  • the method of calculating the consumption energy consumed by the walking exercise and the consumption energy consumed by the exercises other than the walking exercise by the computer 32 is the same as in the first embodiment, and the detailed description is omitted.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of a flow of operation of the body movement detecting apparatus 10 according to the second embodiment.
  • Step S 30 to Step S 32 are the same as in the Step S 1 to Step S 3 in the first embodiment, and hence description is omitted.
  • the controller 40 calculates the acceleration value (body movement data) in the same manner as in the first embodiment and, all the acceleration values calculated in sequence are plotted with the lateral axis representing the elapsed time (unit: second) and the vertical axis representing the A/D converted value of the acceleration value (unit: count) so that the waveform is acquired.
  • Step S 33 presence or absence of the first wave having the upper peak value which exceeds the fourth threshold value A is determined (Step S 33 ) and, while the first wave as such is not detected (No in Step S 33 ), it is determined that the exercise other than the walking exercise is being performed (Step S 42 ).
  • Step S 33 When the first wave having the upper peak value exceeding the fourth threshold value A is detected (Yes in Step S 33 ), presence or absence of the second wave having the upper peak value which exceeds the fourth threshold value A immediately after the first wave is determined (Step S 34 ) and, while the second wave as such is not detected (No in Step S 34 ), it is determined that the exercise other than the walking exercise is being performed (Step S 42 ).
  • Step S 34 When the second wave having the upper peak value exceeding the fourth threshold value A is detected (Yes in Step S 34 ), whether or not the pitch (B 1 in FIG. 4 ) of the respective upper peak values of the first wave and the second wave does not exceed the fifth threshold value B is determined (Step S 35 ) and, when it exceeds the fifth threshold value B (No in Step S 35 ), it is determined that the exercises other than the walking exercise is being performed (Step S 42 ).
  • Step S 35 When the pitch of the respective upper peak value of the first wave and the second wave does not exceed the fifth threshold value B (B 1 ⁇ B in FIG. 4 ) (Yes in Step S 35 ), whether or not the amplitudes which satisfy these conditions are generated continuously from the third wave onward (to the Nth wave) is determined in the same manner on the basis of the fourth threshold value A (the body movement strength) and the fifth threshold value B (the body movement pitch) (Step S 36 ) and, when the continuous waveform cannot be observed (No in Step S 36 ), it is determined that the exercise other than the walking exercise is being performed (Step S 42 ). In contrast, when the fourth threshold value A (the body movement strength) and the fifth threshold value B (body movement pitch) are satisfied continuously to the N th wave (Yes in Step S 36 ), it is determined that the continuous walking exercise is started (Step S 37 ).
  • the controller 40 counts the number of steps (body movement data) by allocating one step for one wave while confirming that the waves from the wave immediately after the determination of the start of the continuous walking exercise onward satisfy the fourth threshold value A (the body movement strength) and the fifth threshold value B (the body movement pitch), and stores the number of steps and the time required for one step (the body movement pitch) (Step S 38 ).
  • the fourth threshold value A the body movement strength
  • the fifth threshold value B the body movement pitch
  • Step S 39 When it is before having elapsed the given period from the time point when it is determined that the continuous walking exercise is started (No in Step S 39 ), the procedure goes back to Step S 31 , and the same process is repeated.
  • the given period here corresponds to the given period t 3 (or the given period t 3 1 ) in the first embodiment.
  • the controller 40 and the computer 32 calculate the average values of the body movement pitches and the body movement strength during the given period (Step S 40 ), and define predetermined coefficients corresponding to the respective values and store the same in the storage 33 .
  • the average value of the upper peak values of the respective waves (respective number of steps) in the waveform of the acceleration value for the given period may be employed, for example, as the average value of the body movement strength.
  • the average value of the intervals between the upper peak values of the respective waves (respective number of steps) obtained in the waveform of the acceleration value during the given period may be employed as the average value of the body movement pitch.
  • the computer 32 applies a coefficient determined by the body weight, the number of steps, the body movement pitches, and the body movement strength of the user to the calculation formula for calculating the consumption energy consumed by the walking exercise to calculate the “consumption energy consumed by the walking exercise” during the given period, and the controller 40 stores the “consumption energy consumed by the walking exercise” calculated in this manner in the storage 33 (Step S 41 ).
  • Step S 42 When it is determined to be the exercise other than the walking exercise (Step S 42 ), if it is before having elapsed the given period from the time point when it is determined that the exercise other than the walking exercise is started (No in Step S 43 ), the procedure goes back to Step S 31 , and the same process is repeated.
  • the given period here corresponds to the given period t 3 (or the given period t 3 2 ) in the first embodiment.
  • the computer 32 applies the weight of the user, the average value of the acceleration values during the given period (the body movement strength), and the coefficient defined by the biological data of the user to the calculation formula for calculating the consumption energy consumed by the exercises other than the walking exercise to calculate the “consumption energy consumed by the exercises other than the walking exercise” calculated in this manner, and the controller 40 stores the “consumption energy consumed by the exercises other than the walking exercise” in the storage 33 (Step S 44 ).
  • the computer 32 adds up the “consumption energy consumed by the walking exercise” and the “consumption energy consumed by the exercises other than the walking exercise” calculated in this manner as needed to calculate the entire consumption energy consumed by the body movement of the user, and the controller 40 displays the calculated result on the display unit 22 (Step S 45 ). Subsequently, the procedure goes back to Step S 31 to repeat the same process.
  • the display unit 22 may be adapted to display the number of steps as the body movement data, or the consumption energies or numbers of steps of the past such as one day before, two days before, and so on in addition to the consumption energy consumed by the body movement of the user.
  • the consumption energy is calculated accurately according to the heaviness or the like in the exercises which are classified, for example, as the walking exercise.
  • the invention has been described referring to the embodiments shown above.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiments shown above, and may be improved or modified for the purpose of improvement or within the range of the scope of the invention.
  • the body movement including the walking exercise and the running exercise are defined as the “walking exercise”, and the consumption energies of the walking exercise and the running exercise are obtained with the same calculation formula.

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EP2065680B1 (en) 2013-03-06

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