US20090090374A1 - Method and Feeder for Increasing Efficiency of the Expanding and Drying Process of Organic Materials, Particularly in a Jet Drier - Google Patents

Method and Feeder for Increasing Efficiency of the Expanding and Drying Process of Organic Materials, Particularly in a Jet Drier Download PDF

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Publication number
US20090090374A1
US20090090374A1 US12/209,673 US20967308A US2009090374A1 US 20090090374 A1 US20090090374 A1 US 20090090374A1 US 20967308 A US20967308 A US 20967308A US 2009090374 A1 US2009090374 A1 US 2009090374A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
feeder
expanding
openings
organic plant
gaseous medium
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Abandoned
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US12/209,673
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English (en)
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Arkadiusz Druzdzel
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Individual
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
    • A24B3/04—Humidifying or drying tobacco bunches or cut tobacco
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
    • A24B3/18—Other treatment of leaves, e.g. puffing, crimpling, cleaning
    • A24B3/182—Puffing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/10—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers
    • F26B17/101—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers the drying enclosure having the shape of one or a plurality of shafts or ducts, e.g. with substantially straight and vertical axis
    • F26B17/103—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers the drying enclosure having the shape of one or a plurality of shafts or ducts, e.g. with substantially straight and vertical axis with specific material feeding arrangements, e.g. combined with disintegrating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2200/22—Tobacco leaves

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a method and a feeder for increasing efficiency of the expanding and drying process of organic plant materials, particularly a jet drier, used particularly to dry comminuted tobacco materials.
  • this solution makes it difficult or practically makes it impossible to carry out a steam, flows in the drying channel under a pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure, causing losses (leakage) of the gaseous medium, for example air, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), or steam, through the fed layer of the organic material, particularly tobacco material, and condensation of water vapor on the material, moistening the material fed for drying.
  • the gaseous medium for example air, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), or steam
  • the condensate layer on the material surface is not absorbed into the cellular structure of the material and stays on its surface being a useless insulator against the thermal energy until the direct contact with the expanding and/or drying medium.
  • a side effect of known methods for processing and feeding (transporting) organic plant materials, particularly tobacco materials, to the zone of a direct processing, i.e., the expanding and/or drying zone, is inter alia creation of undesired layer of surface moisture (water), not bound chemically, which will not be able to be absorbed into the cellular structure of the tobacco material before feeding it into the expanding and/or drying zone of access.
  • This moisture layer constitutes a thermal insulation of varied thickness, which significantly hinders or even prevents the processing of the comminuted organic plant material, particularly tobacco material in any form, to be carried out in a homogenous, optimal in terms of quality, and watt-hour efficient manner.
  • the comparison of the specific heat, c p for both materials shows that one has to deliver about ten times more of thermal energy to heat up a unitary mass of water by one degree (° C. or 1 K), than to heat up by one degree the same amount of copper.
  • the comparison of the thermal conductivities, ⁇ confirms that the water layer acts as a disadvantageous and very efficient thermal insulator, i.e., a surface water layer of thickness of 1 mm stores as much thermal energy as a copper layer of thickness of about 600 mm (for the above mentioned data 665 times more).
  • the present disclosure relates to a method of increasing efficiency of the expanding and drying process of organic plant materials, particularly in a jet dryer, used to for comminuted organic plant materials, particularly comminuted tobacco materials.
  • This dryer works with the use of a gaseous expanding and/or drying agent under a working absolute pressure of 2.5 kPa to 10 Mpa.
  • overheated steam is used as the gaseous expanding and/or drying process medium.
  • One aspect of the disclosure consists in that during transporting the material from the feeding zone to the zone of the contact with the expanding and/or drying agent a feeder, preferably a rotary vane feeder, is flushed with a gaseous medium, preferably in a continuous manner, which is able to absorb moisture, under a working absolute pressure in the range from 2.5 kPa to 10 Mpa.
  • the temperature of the gaseous medium preferably air, ranges from 50 to 200° C. Then, the residue of the process gas is removed from the rotary vane feeder.
  • the transported material is heated up by the direct contact with the stream of the gaseous medium and residual surface moisture is removed from the surface of the material, the transported material being saturated with the use of the gaseous medium stream and the material is defibered.
  • this disclosure relates to a feeder for increasing efficiency of the expanding and drying process of organic plant materials, particularly in a jet dryer used for comminuted organic plant materials, particularly comminuted tobacco.
  • the feeder has vanes rotating in a housing.
  • openings are made in the housing of the feeder for delivering the gaseous medium into the moving spaces between vanes as well as openings leading out the gaseous medium from the moving spaces between the vanes, the openings being arranged correspondingly in the walls of the housing of the feeder.
  • the openings are oblong and are arranged radially with longitudinal axes being perpendicular to the axis of the inlet and outlet of the product, some of them being radially shifted relative to each other.
  • the feeder according to the disclosure is equipped with deflectors of the material stream.
  • the solution according to the disclosure assures the uniformity and continuity of the processes whereby optimally high expanding and drying effect is obtained to the desired level.
  • Experts in the field of tobacco processing estimate this level to be in the range of 10-14% of humidity.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically a known device for expanding and/or drying comminuted organic plant materials, particularly tobacco materials, comprising a feeding and flow adjusting device;
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of an inlet feeder according to the disclosure
  • FIG. 3 shows a plan view of the feeder of FIG. 2 with the channels delivering the process medium to this valve and the channels leading out the process medium from this valve;
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a feeder according to the disclosure in a working position of the driver vanes of the feeder, in which the operating range of the delivered gaseous medium within the feeder is shown.
  • FIG. 1 in the attached drawings shows exemplary known jet dryers using a gaseous drying agent, particularly overheated steam of a temperature up to 400° C.
  • organic plant material particularly comminuted tobacco material 1
  • a dosing and flow adjusting device 4 wherefrom, after the processing, the material is led out through a feeding and flow adjusting device 10 .
  • the term expanding is understood here as increasing the specific volume of the processed material, measured in m 3 /g. It will be understood that, for ease of reference only, the same reference numbers used in FIG. 1 (depicting the prior art) are used in FIGS. 2-4 (depicting the present disclosure).
  • an inlet rotary valve is employed in a form of a rotary vane feeder 4 , which is located between the feeding zone 6 and the expanding and/or drying zone, i.e., the processing zone 9 .
  • the organic plant material particularly tobacco material 1 , 1 A
  • the processing zone 9 is fed to the processing zone 9 in a manner, which eliminates or significantly reduces entering a moist gaseous medium PG to the feeding zone 6 of the organic plant material, particularly tobacco material 1 .
  • FIG. 2 presents a cross-section of the feeder 4 , of the present disclosure which doses the organic plant material, particularly tobacco material 1 , 1 A to the processing zone 9 .
  • a standard (typical) rotary valve has been modified by forming two zones, an active one and a passive one, which are shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the active zone the comminuted organic plant material, particularly tobacco 1 , is transported to the processing zone 9 .
  • the passive (return) zone only the gaseous process medium PG is transported between the vanes of the valve.
  • the rotating vanes 3 form, with contact with the housing of the feeder 4 , closed, moving spaces, to which a stream of the gaseous process medium is delivered via openings 5 and/or 7 , which is then removed via openings 5 A, 7 A, the gaseous medium being for example hot air of a temperature from 50 to 150° C., under an absolute pressure in the range from 2.5 kPa to 1 MPa.
  • the feeder 4 is equipped with feeding channels 13 , 14 feeding the stream of the gaseous process medium to the openings 5 , 5 A as well as channels 13 A, 14 A leading out the stream of the gaseous process medium.
  • openings 7 and 7 A may be shifted along the radius, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , which lengthens the path of the gas stream in the flushed space.
  • the passive zone where only gas PG is transported between vanes 3 and there is no material, particularly tobacco material 1 , 1 A, one may apply another shape and arrangement of the openings 5 and 5 A, which do not need to be shifted relative to each other, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 .
  • Openings 5 and 7 delivering the gaseous process medium 11 and/or 12 into the housing of the feeder 4 as well as openings 5 A and 7 A leading out the gaseous process medium 11 A and 12 A are in the described embodiment oblong openings arranged radially and perpendicularly to the inlet-outlet direction of the material 1 - 1 A fed for expanding and/or drying processing, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 .
  • material stream deflectors 2 , 2 A and 8 are employed, shown in FIG. 2 . Additionally, these deflectors advantageously lengthen the path of the contact between the vanes 3 and the housing of the feeder 4 , which advantageously extends the duration of processing with the gaseous medium 11 , 11 A. Simultaneously, as shown in FIG. 4 , the deflectors eliminate the adverse phenomenon of entering (leakage) the gaseous medium, being delivered to the feeder 4 , into the processing zone 9 as well as the feeding zone 6 .
  • the material 1 A leaving the feeder 4 stops occupying the space between the vanes 3 and the housing of the feeder 4 , in the processing zone 9 , in which the material contacts directly the expanding and/or drying agent PG, the space being immediately filled up with the expanding and/or drying agent PG present in the processing zone 9 .
  • the agent is transported between the vanes 3 and the housing of the feeder 4 .
  • openings 5 and 7 are formed, as it is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , through which the gaseous process agent 11 and/or 12 , for example ambient air, is fed to the feeder, as well as openings 5 A and 7 A, through which the gaseous mixture 11 A and 12 A is lead out (sucked off).
  • the medium being a carrier of moisture, particularly water vapor.
  • the absence of the moisture saturated in the feeding zone 6 of the material 1 to the feeder 4 reduces or even eliminates the condensation of the water vapor (moisture) onto the organic plant material, particularly tobacco material, fed for the processing.
  • the material, without the contact with a moist gaseous agent, particularly steam, may be advantageously subjected to the influence of hot dry air (streams 11 , 12 in FIG. 3 ), whereby the temperature (internal energy) of the organic plant material, particularly tobacco material, fed for the processing, increases, simultaneously allowing for the removal of the residual layer of the surface moisture, remained after the previous processing, without creating any additional disadvantageous layer of surface moisture.
  • the material fed for the processing is defibered (deagglomerated), whereby the uniformity of the expanding and/or drying process of individual particles of the material is increased significantly. Also, the expenditure of energy is reduced significantly due to this solution, by eliminating a portion of energy necessary for removing the useless surface moisture, i.e., the efficiency of the process is increased.
  • the gaseous medium PG is sucked off via the opening 5 A and the channel 13 A, taken between the vanes 3 of the feeder 4 from the processing zone 9 .
  • the processing gas PG is removed from the feeder 4 via the opening 5 A situated radially, as shown in FIG. 3 , by the gas 11 delivered from outside, preferably air taken from the environment, delivered through the channel 13 and the opening 5 , and then removed via the opening 5 A and the channel 13 A for optional further processing outside the feeder 4 , for example for recovering thermal energy (enthalpy) from the waste stream of gas 11 A.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
US12/209,673 2007-09-24 2008-09-12 Method and Feeder for Increasing Efficiency of the Expanding and Drying Process of Organic Materials, Particularly in a Jet Drier Abandoned US20090090374A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL383413A PL211482B1 (pl) 2007-09-24 2007-09-24 Sposób i dozownik do zwiększenia sprawności procesu napęczniania oraz suszenia materiałów organicznych, zwłaszcza w suszarce strumieniowej
PLP383413 2007-09-24

Publications (1)

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US20090090374A1 true US20090090374A1 (en) 2009-04-09

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US12/209,673 Abandoned US20090090374A1 (en) 2007-09-24 2008-09-12 Method and Feeder for Increasing Efficiency of the Expanding and Drying Process of Organic Materials, Particularly in a Jet Drier

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Country Link
US (1) US20090090374A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP2042045B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP5355011B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN101396168B (zh)
PL (1) PL211482B1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019048411A1 (de) * 2017-09-07 2019-03-14 Hauni Maschinenbau Gmbh Konditionieren von tabak

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IT1404282B1 (it) * 2011-01-27 2013-11-15 Garbuio Spa Dispositivo per il raffreddamento del tabacco, particolarmente per un impianto per la essicazione del tabacco.
CN102679700A (zh) * 2012-05-16 2012-09-19 江苏诚信制药有限公司 一种制备丙谷二肽的工艺改进系统
RU2562780C1 (ru) * 2014-08-19 2015-09-10 Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт табака, махорки и табачных изделий" (ФГБНУ ВНИИТТИ) Установка для сушки табачных листьев
CN104528291B (zh) * 2014-12-27 2016-12-21 蚌埠玻璃工业设计研究院 一种旋转下料阀
KR101718394B1 (ko) 2016-01-18 2017-03-22 주식회사 다산피앤지 경량벽체 프레임
CN106839753B (zh) * 2016-12-30 2018-10-30 山东中烟工业有限责任公司 一种适用于气流式干燥机进料气锁的导料罩结构
CN115486552B (zh) * 2022-11-07 2024-01-19 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 一种旋转式真空回潮设备及用于烟草物料的回潮方法

Citations (4)

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US6223454B1 (en) * 1998-03-26 2001-05-01 Heartland Forage, Inc. Method of drying moist organic material
US20020033182A1 (en) * 2000-08-04 2002-03-21 Ehling Uwe Werner Method and device for conditioning comminuted tobacco material
US20050229940A1 (en) * 2004-04-15 2005-10-20 Hauni Primary Gmbh Conveying arrangement for a machine of the tobacco-processing industry
US20080295355A1 (en) * 2007-05-30 2008-12-04 Marek Sieredzinski Method of increasing the efficiency of a drier, particularly a stream drier

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JP3140039B2 (ja) * 1990-11-07 2001-03-05 日本たばこ産業株式会社 たばこ原料の気流乾燥方法およびその装置
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DE19734364A1 (de) 1997-08-08 1999-02-11 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen eines Konditionierungsmediums auf Tabakmaterial
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Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6223454B1 (en) * 1998-03-26 2001-05-01 Heartland Forage, Inc. Method of drying moist organic material
US20020033182A1 (en) * 2000-08-04 2002-03-21 Ehling Uwe Werner Method and device for conditioning comminuted tobacco material
US20050229940A1 (en) * 2004-04-15 2005-10-20 Hauni Primary Gmbh Conveying arrangement for a machine of the tobacco-processing industry
US20080295355A1 (en) * 2007-05-30 2008-12-04 Marek Sieredzinski Method of increasing the efficiency of a drier, particularly a stream drier

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019048411A1 (de) * 2017-09-07 2019-03-14 Hauni Maschinenbau Gmbh Konditionieren von tabak

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2009159944A (ja) 2009-07-23
PL211482B1 (pl) 2012-05-31
CN101396168A (zh) 2009-04-01
PL383413A1 (pl) 2009-03-30
JP5355011B2 (ja) 2013-11-27
EP2042045B1 (en) 2012-12-05
EP2042045A1 (en) 2009-04-01
CN101396168B (zh) 2013-03-13

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