Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L69/00—Compositions of polycarbonates; Compositions of derivatives of polycarbonates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
  • C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
  • C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
  • C08K7/14—Glass
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L51/04—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to rubbers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L69/00—Compositions of polycarbonates; Compositions of derivatives of polycarbonates
  • C08L69/005—Polyester-carbonates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
  • C08K9/08—Ingredients agglomerated by treatment with a binding agent
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
  • C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
  • C08L25/08—Copolymers of styrene
  • C08L25/12—Copolymers of styrene with unsaturated nitriles

Definitions

• the invention relates to glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate compositions and molding compositions, which are distinguished by high rigidity, high flowability, high processing stability, good chemical resistance and good aging resistance vis-à-vis the effects of light and heat compared with the prior art.
• compositions containing polycarbonate and rubber-modified styrene polymers such as e.g. ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymers), are known for their balance of excellent mechanical properties and good melt flowability. They are used in many different areas of application, for example, in car construction, in the building sector and in housings for office equipment and domestic appliances.
• ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymers
• These properties can be achieved by the addition of fillers or reinforcing materials.
• High moduli of elasticity can be obtained particularly by adding fibrous reinforcing materials.
• the addition of the fillers or reinforcing materials generally has a disadvantageous effect on the toughness and particularly on the flow properties of the polymer melts, i.e. the processing characteristics. As a result, increased processing temperatures are usually required, which entails a further reduction in material toughness.
• Rubber-modified vinyl copolymers containing glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate compositions are known from the prior art.
• WO-A 00/39210 discloses polycarbonate compositions containing polycarbonate, styrene resin, phosphoric ester and reinforcing agents (e.g. glass fibers), as well as optionally a graft polymer based on a silicone-acrylate composite rubber with a vinyl monomer-based graft shell, which are distinguished by improved hydrolysis resistance, good flame resistance and by improved mechanical properties.
• the styrene resins employed contain a rubber-based graft polymer. No glass fiber sizes are disclosed.
• EP-A 1 240 250 discloses polycarbonate compositions containing 10-93 wt. % polycarbonate, 3-50 wt. % rubber elastic-based graft polymer, 3- 50 wt. % thermoplastic copolymer and 1-20 wt. % of a mixture of particulate mineral and fibrous fillers, which are distinguished by reduced thermal expansion, good toughness, good dimensional stability and high flowability together with improved surface quality in the region of the gate.
• EP-A 0 624 621 discloses polycarbonate compositions containing 10-80 wt. % polycarbonate, 10-80 wt. % rubber-modified graft polymer and 5-50 wt. % glass fibers with a coating containing polyolefin wax, which are distinguished by improved toughness and ductility.
• EP-A 0 345 652 discloses polycarbonate compositions containing 10-75 wt. % polycarbonate, 10-50 wt. % rubber-based graft copolymer, up to 50 wt. % styrene copolymer, 0.5-50 wt. % terpolymer containing tert-butyl (meth)acrylate and 5 to 50 wt. % reinforcing agents (e.g. glass fibers), which are distinguished by high strength, good toughness and by low yellowing.
• the glass fibers used in this cited application are generally provided with a size and an adhesion promoter, but the composition of the size is not disclosed here.
• compositions that contain polycarbonate, rubber-free vinyl copolymers (e.g. styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers) and no rubber-containing graft polymer or only very small quantities thereof (i.e. up to 2 wt. %).
• compositions described in the prior art which contain rubber-modified graft polymers in quantities of more than 2 wt. %, are too low a melt flowability and inadequate aging resistance.
• compositions containing polycarbonate, glass fibers and rubber-free vinyl copolymer which contain no rubber-modified vinyl copolymers or only very small quantities thereof, are also known from the prior art.
• WO-A 84/04317 discloses polycarbonate compositions containing polycarbonate, styrene resin, unsized glass fibers and a hydrogen polysiloxane, which are distinguished by high impact resistance and a high modulus.
• EP-A 0 647 679 discloses polycarbonate compositions containing special copolycarbonates with bisphenol and resorcinol monomer units, rubber-containing copolymer and/or copolymer of vinyl aromatic and cyanated vinyl monomer components as well as inorganic filler (e.g. glass fibers), which are distinguished by good flowability, high impact resistance and good surface quality. No glass fiber sizes are disclosed.
• EP-A 1 038 920 discloses polycarbonate compositions substantially consisting of a special aromatic polycarbonate produced by melt polymerization, a styrene-based resin (e.g. a styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer with a styrene content of at least 20%, preferably at least 30%), a reinforcing fibrous filler and optionally an elastomeric polymer, which are distinguished by improved moist heat resistance and improved toughness. It is disclosed that the glass fibers used may be coated with a size made of polymers (such as e.g. epoxy resin, urethane resin, acrylic resin, nylon resin etc.). In the examples, only compositions containing polyurethane-sized glass fibers are disclosed.
• a styrene-based resin e.g. a styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer with a styrene content of at least 20%, preferably at least 30%
• WO-A 2006/040087 discloses polycarbonate compositions containing polycarbonate, a terpolymer of styrene, acrylonitrile and maleic anhydride, and long glass fibers, which are distinguished by a combination of improved tensile strength, modulus of elasticity and impact resistance.
• these compositions preferably contain at least one polymer selected from the group of the rubber-containing graft polymers and rubber-free copolymers. It is disclosed that the long glass fibers may be surface-modified with a size, without any information on the chemistry of the size being disclosed.
• glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate compositions based on rubber-free styrene resins disclosed in the prior art do generally exhibit good melt flowability and aging resistance, they are, however, distinguished by inadequate toughness for certain areas of application, particularly at higher processing temperatures, and by unsatisfactory chemical resistance and rigidity.
• This invention was therefore based, inter alia, on an object of providing free-flowing polycarbonate compositions which are resistant to aging vis-à-vis the effects of heat and light, with improved processing stability (i.e. stable toughness even at higher processing temperatures), improved rigidity and improved chemical resistance.
• composition further being free from rubber-modified polymers which differ from component D).
• the sum of the components A+B+C+D+E is standardized to 100 parts by weight.
• Aromatic polycarbonates and/or aromatic polyester carbonates according to component A which are suitable according to the invention are known for example, from the literature and/or can be produced by processes known from the literature (for the production of aromatic polycarbonates, cf. for example Schnell, “Chemistry and Physics of Polycarbonates”, Interscience Publishers, 1964, and DE-AS 1 495 626, DE-A 2 232 877, DE-A 2 703 376, DE-A 2 714 544, DE-A 3 000 610, DE-A 3 832 396; for the production of aromatic polyester carbonates, e.g. DE-A 3 077 934), the contents of which is incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.
• aromatic polycarbonates can take place e.g. by transesterification of diphenols with carbonic acid halides, preferably phosgene, and/or with aromatic dicarboxylic acid dihalides, preferably benzenedicarboxylic acid dihalides, by the interfacial polycondensation process, optionally using chain terminators, for example monophenols, and optionally using branching agents which are trifunctional or more than trifunctional, for example triphenols or tetraphenols. Production via a melt polymerization process by reaction of diphenols with, for example, diphenyl carbonate is also possible.
• Diphenols for the production of the aromatic polycarbonates and/or aromatic polyester carbonates are preferably those of the formula (I)
• Preferred diphenols include hydroquinone, resorcinol, dihydroxydiphenols, bis(hydroxyphenyl)-C 1 -C 5 -alkanes, bis(hydroxyphenyl)-C 5 -C 6 -cycloalkanes, bis(hydroxyphenyl) ethers, bis(hydroxyphenyl) sulfoxides, bis(hydroxyphenyl) ketones, bis(hydroxyphenyl) sulfones and ⁇ , ⁇ -bis(hydroxyphenyl) diisopropylbenzenes and ring-brominated and/or ring-chlorinated derivatives thereof.
• diphenols are 4,4′ dihydroxydiphenyl, bisphenol A, 2,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methylbutane, 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-cyclohexane, 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, 4,4′-dihydroxydiphenyl sulfide, 4,4′-dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone and di- and tetrabrominated or chlorinated derivatives thereof, such as, for example, 2,2-bis(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)propane, 2,2-bis(3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)propane or 2,2-bis(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)propane. 2,2-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane (bisphenol A) is especially preferred.
• the diphenols may be employed individually or as any desired mixtures.
• the diphenols are known from the literature or obtainable by processes known from the literature.
• Chain terminators which are suitable for the production of the thermoplastic, aromatic polycarbonates are, for example, phenol, p-chlorophenol, p-tert-butylphenol or 2,4,6-tribromophenol, and also long-chain alkylphenols, such as 4-[2-(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)]phenol, 4-(1,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenol according to DE-A 2 842 005 or monoalkylphenol or dialkylphenols having a total of 8 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl substituents, such as 3,5-di-tert.-butylphenol, p-iso-octylphenol, p-tert.-octylphenol, p-dodecylphenol and 2-(3,5-dimethylheptyl)phenol and 4-(3,5-dimethylheptyl)phenol.
• the amount of chain terminators to be employed is generally between 0.5 mole % and 10 mole %
• thermoplastic, aromatic polycarbonates may be branched in a known manner, and preferably by incorporation of 0.05 to 2.0 mole %, based on the sum of the diphenols employed, of compounds which are trifunctional or more than trifunctional, for example those having three and more phenolic groups.
• Both homopolycarbonates and copolycarbonates are suitable. It is also possible for 1 to 25 wt. %, preferably 2.5 to 25 wt. %, based on the total amount of diphenols to be employed, of polydiorganosiloxanes having hydroxyaryloxy end groups to be employed for the production of copolycarbonates according to the invention according to component A. These are known (U.S. Pat. No. 3,419,634) and can be produced by processes known from the literature. The preparation of copolycarbonates containing polydiorganosiloxanes is described in DE-A 3 334 782.
• Preferred polycarbonates are, in addition to the bisphenol A homopolycarbonates, the copolycarbonates of bisphenol A with up to 15 mole %, based on the sum of the moles of diphenols, of other diphenols mentioned as preferred or particularly preferred, in particular 2,2-bis(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)propane.
• Aromatic dicarboxylic acid dihalides for the production of aromatic polyester carbonates are preferably the diacid dichlorides of isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, diphenyl ether-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid and of naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid. Mixtures of the diacid dichlorides of isophthalic acid and of terephthalic acid in a ratio of between 1:20 and 20:1 are particularly preferred.
• a carbonic acid halide preferably phosgene, is additionally used as a bifunctional acid derivative in the production of polyester carbonates.
• Possible chain terminators for the preparation of the aromatic polyester carbonates are, in addition to the monophenols already mentioned, also chlorocarbonates thereof as well as the acid chlorides of aromatic monocarboxylic acids, which may optionally be substituted by C 1 to C 22 alkyl groups or by halogen atoms, as well as aliphatic C 2 to C 22 monocarboxylic acid chlorides.
• the quantity of chain terminators is in each case 0.1 to 10 mole %, based on the moles of diphenol in the case of the phenolic chain terminators and on the moles of dicarboxylic acid dichloride in the case of monocarboxylic acid chloride chain terminators.
• the aromatic polyester carbonates may also contain incorporated aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acids.
• the aromatic polyester carbonates may be either linear or branched in a known manner (in this context see DE-A 2 940 024 and DE-A 3 007 934, incorporated herein by reference in their entireties).
• Branching agents which may be used include, for example, acyl chlorides which are trifunctional or more than trifunctional, such as trimesic acid trichloride, cyanuric acid trichloride, 3,3′,4,4′-benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid tetrachloride, 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic acid tetrachloride or pyromellitic acid tetrachloride, in quantities of from 0.01 to 1.0 mole % (based on the dicarboxylic acid dichlorides employed), or phenols which are trifunctional or more than trifunctional, such as phloroglucinol, 4,6-dimethyl-2,4,6-tri-(4-hydroxyphenyl)hept-2-ene, 4,6-dimethyl-2,4,6-tri-(4-hydroxyphenyl)heptane, 1,3,5-tri-(4-hydroxyphenyl)benzene, 1,1,1-tri-(4-hydroxy
• the proportion of carbonate structural units in the thermoplastic, aromatic polyester carbonates may be varied as desired.
• the content of carbonate groups is up to 100 mole %, especially up to 80 mole %, particularly preferably up to 50 mole %, based on the sum of ester groups and carbonate groups.
• Both the ester and the carbonate content of the aromatic polyester carbonates may be present in the polycondensate in the form of blocks or in random distribution.
• the component A has a weight-average molecular weight Mw (determined by GPC, light scattering or sedimentation) of 23 000 g/mole to 40 000 g/mole, preferably of 24 000 g/mole to 35 000 g/mole, especially of 25 000 to 32 000 g/mole.
• Mw weight-average molecular weight
• component B is a rubber-free vinyl copolymer of
• the copolymers B are resinous, thermoplastic and rubber-free. Particularly preferably, component B is a rubber-free copolymer of styrene (B.1) and acrylonitrile (B.2).
• Copolymers of this type are known and can be produced by free-radical polymerization, especially by emulsion, suspension, solution or bulk polymerization.
• the (co)polymers preferably possess average molecular weights (M w ) (weight average, determined by GPC, light scattering or sedimentation) between 15 000 and 250 000 g/mole, particularly between 50 000 and 200 000 g/mole, especially between 80 000 and 160 000 g/mole.
• M w average molecular weights
• component C is a sized glass fiber with
• Size C.2 and adhesion promoter C.3 are preferably employed in component C in an amount such that the carbon content measured in component C is 0.1 to 1 wt. %, preferably 0.2 to 0.8 wt. %, particularly preferably 0.3 to 0.7 wt. %.
• the glass fibers according to component C.1 are preferably made from E-, A- or C-glass.
• the diameter of the glass fibers is preferably 5 to 25 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 6 to 20 ⁇ m, most preferably 7 to 15 ⁇ m.
• the long glass fibers preferably have a length of 5 to 50 mm, particularly preferably 5 to 30 mm, most preferably 7 to 25 mm. Long glass fibers are described e.g. in WO-A 2006/040087, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference.
• At least 70 wt. % of the glass fibers in the chopped glass strands preferably have a length of at least about 60 ⁇ m.
• the size C.2 preferably comprises or consists of
• the size C.2 consists exclusively of epoxy polymer C.2.1 (i.e. the size C.2 is free from other polymers according to component C.2.2).
• the epoxy polymer according to C.2.1 can be an epoxy resin, an epoxy resin ester or an epoxy resin polyurethane, for example.
• the epoxy polymer according to component C.2.1 is an epoxy resin comprising:
• C.2.1.2 a preferably aromatic alcohol, which has at least two hydroxyl groups.
• Component C.2.1.2 is preferably a phenolic resin, for example a novolak, or a compound of formula (I).
• Component C.2.1.2 is particularly preferably bisphenol A.
• Component C.2.2 is preferably at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polyurethanes, polyolefins, acrylate-containing polymers, styrene-containing polymers and polyamides.
• Component C.3 is preferably a silane.
• the silane possesses a functional group selected from the group of the amino group, epoxy group, carboxylic acid group, vinyl group and mercapto group for binding to the polymer of the size, as well as one to three, preferably three alkoxy groups for binding to the glass fiber.
• Component D comprises one or more graft polymers of
• Monomers D.1 are preferably mixtures of
• Preferred monomers D.1.1 are selected from at least one of the monomers styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene and methyl methacrylate; preferred monomers D.1.2 are selected from at least one of the monomers acrylonitrile, maleic anhydride and methyl methacrylate. Particularly preferred monomer combinations are D.1.1 styrene and D.1.2 acrylonitrile or D.1.1 and D.1.2 methyl methacrylate.
• the backbones D.2 suitable for the graft polymers D are, in a preferred embodiment, saturated, i.e. substantially free from double bonds.
• D.2 is particularly preferably at least one rubber selected from the group consisting of acrylate rubbers, silicone rubbers and silicone-acrylate composite rubbers. Most preferably, D.2 is at least one rubber selected from the group consisting of silicone rubbers and silicone-acrylate composite rubbers.
• Suitable acrylate rubbers according to D.2 include preferably polymers of alkyl acrylates, optionally with up to 40 wt. %, based on D.2, of other polymerisable, ethylenically unsaturated monomers.
• the preferred polymerisable acrylates include C 1 to C 8 alkyl esters, for example methyl, ethyl, butyl, n-octyl and 2-ethylhexyl esters; haloalkyl esters, preferably halo-C 1 -C 8 -alkyl esters, such as chloroethyl acrylate, as well as mixtures of these monomers.
• crosslinking monomers with more than one polymerizable double bond can be copolymerized.
• Preferred examples of crosslinking monomers include esters of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids with 3 to 8 C atoms and unsaturated monohydric alcohols with 3 to 12 C atoms, or saturated polyols with 2 to 4 OH groups and 2 to 20 C atoms, such as ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, allyl methacrylate; polyunsaturated heterocyclic compounds, such as trivinyl and triallyl cyanurate; polyfunctional vinyl compounds, such as di- and trivinyl benzenes; but also triallyl phosphate and diallyl phthalate.
• Preferred crosslinking monomers are allyl methacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diallyl phthalate and heterocyclic compounds having at least three ethylenically unsaturated groups.
• Particularly preferred crosslinking monomers are the cyclic monomers triallyl cyanurate, triallyl isocyanurate, triacryloylhexahydro-s-triazine, triallyl benzenes.
• the quantity of the crosslinked monomers is preferably 0.02 to 5, especially 0.05 to 2 wt. %, based on the backbone D.2. In the case of cyclic crosslinking monomers with at least three ethylenically unsaturated groups, it is generally advantageous to limit the quantity to less than 1 wt. % of the backbone D.2.
• Preferred “other” polymerizable, ethylenically unsaturated monomers which may optionally be used in addition to the acrylates for the production of the backbone D.2 are e.g. acrylonitrile, styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, acrylamides, vinyl-C 1 -C 6 -alkyl ethers and methyl methacrylate.
• Suitable backbones according to D.2 include silicone rubbers with graft-active points, as described in DE-OS 3 704 657, DE-OS 3 704 655, DE-OS 3 631 540 and DE-OS 3 631 539.
• the graft copolymers D can be produced for example by free-radical polymerization, preferably by emulsion polymerization.
• the backbone D.2 generally has an average particle size (d 50 value) of 0.05 to 1 ⁇ m, preferably 0.07 to 0.5 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 0.1 to 0.4 ⁇ m.
• the average particle size d 50 is the diameter having 50 wt. % of the particles lying above it and 50 wt. % below it. It can be determined by means of ultracentrifuge measurement (W. Scholtan, H. Lange, Kolloid, Z. und Z. Polymere 250 (1972), 782-1796).
• the gel content of the backbone D.2 in graft polymers produced by emulsion polymerization is preferably at least 30 wt. %, particularly preferably at least 40 wt. %, especially at least 50 wt. % (measured in toluene).
• the gel content is determined at 25° C. in a suitable solvent as the portion that is insoluble in these solvents (M. Hoffmann, H. Krömer, R. Kuhn, Polymeranalytik I and II, Georg Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart 1977).
• graft polymers D according to the invention also include those products obtainable by (co)polymerization of the graft monomers in the presence of the backbone and jointly formed during the work-up. These products can therefore also contain free (co)polymer of the graft monomers, i.e. they are not chemically bonded to the rubber.
• the composition may contain other optional additives as component E, with polymer additives such as flame retardants (e.g. organic phosphorus or halogen compounds, especially bisphenol A-based oligophosphate), anti-drip agents (e.g. compounds of the classes of substances of the fluorinated polyolefins, the silicones and aramid fibers), lubricants and mould release agents, e.g. pentaerythritol tetrastearate, nucleating agents, antistatic agents, stabilisers, fillers and reinforcing materials other than component C (e.g. carbon fibers, talc, mica, kaolin, CaCO 3 ), as well as dyes and pigments (e.g. titanium dioxide or iron oxide), being particularly suitable.
• flame retardants e.g. organic phosphorus or halogen compounds, especially bisphenol A-based oligophosphate
• anti-drip agents e.g. compounds of the classes of substances of the fluorinated polyolefins, the
• thermoplastic molding compositions according to the invention can be produced, for example, by mixing the respective components in a known manner and melt-compounding and melt-extruding them at temperatures of 200° C. to 320° C., preferably at 240 to 300° C., in conventional equipment such as internal mixers, extruders and twin screw extruders.
• the mixing of the individual components can take place in a known manner, either successively or simultaneously, and either at about 20° C. (room temperature) or at a higher temperature.
• the production of the compositions according to the invention takes place in a twin screw extruder, the components A, B, D and E first being melted and mixed and the glass fibers C then being introduced into the melt mixture via a subsidiary extruder and dispersed therein.
• the invention thus also provides a process for the production of the compositions according to the invention.
• the molding compositions according to the invention can be used for the production of shaped articles of all kinds. These can be produced, for example, by injection molding, extrusion and blow molding processes. Another form of processing is the production of shaped articles by thermoforming from previously produced sheets or films.
• Examples of these shaped articles are films, profiles, all kinds of housing parts, e.g. for domestic appliances such as juice presses, coffee machines, mixers; for office equipment such as monitors, flat screens, notebooks, printers, copiers; sheets, pipes, electrical installation ducts, windows, doors and other profiles for the construction sector (interior finishing and exterior applications) as well as electrical and electronic parts such as switches, plugs and sockets and components for utility vehicles, particularly for the car sector.
• domestic appliances such as juice presses, coffee machines, mixers
• office equipment such as monitors, flat screens, notebooks, printers, copiers
• sheets pipes, electrical installation ducts, windows, doors and other profiles for the construction sector (interior finishing and exterior applications) as well as electrical and electronic parts such as switches, plugs and sockets and components for utility vehicles, particularly for the car sector.
• compositions according to the invention are also suitable for the production of the following shaped articles or moulded parts: interior fittings for rail vehicles, ships, aircraft, buses and other motor vehicles, body parts for motor vehicles, housings for electrical appliances containing small transformers, housings for equipment for data processing and transfer, housings and claddings for medical equipment, massage equipment and housings therefor, toy vehicles for children, flat wall elements, housings for safety devices, thermally insulated transport containers, moldings for sanitary and bath equipment, covering grid plates for ventilation openings and housings for garden equipment.
• Component A is a compound having Component A:
• SAN copolymer with an acrylonitrile content of 23 wt. % and a weight-average molecular weight of about 130 000 g/mole.
• the carbon content of component C-1 is 0.6 wt. %.
• Chopped glass strands with an average diameter of 13 ⁇ m and a polyurethane size.
• the carbon content of component C-1 is 0.4 wt. %.
• Metablen® SRK200 (Mitsubishi Rayon, Japan): styrene-acrylonitrile grafted acrylate-silicone composite rubber, produced by emulsion polymerization.
• Component E-1 Pentaerythritol tetrastearate
• Component E-2 Phosphite stabiliser
• the components are mixed in a ZSK-25 twin screw extruder from Werner & Pfleiderer at a melt temperature of 260° C.
• the moldings are produced at melt temperatures of 260° C. and 300° C. and a mould temperature of 80° C. using an injection molding machine of the Arburg 270 E type.
• the melt viscosity measured at 260° C. and a shear rate of 1000 s ⁇ 1 in accordance with ISO 11443 serves as a measure of the melt flowability.
• the impact resistance is determined at 23° C. in accordance with ISO 180-1U on specimens measuring 80 mm ⁇ 10 mm ⁇ 4 mm.
• the specimens were injection moulded at melt temperatures of 260° C. and 300° C.
• the change in impact resistance a k on increasing the processing temperature serves as a measure of the processing stability of the composition and is calculated as follows:
• the modulus of elasticity is determined on test bars injection moulded at 260° C., in accordance with ISO 527.
• the stress cracking (ES C) resistance in rapeseed oil at room temperature serves as a measure of the chemical resistance.
• the time taken to fracture failure induced by stress cracking is determined on a specimen measuring 80 mm ⁇ 10 mm ⁇ 4 mm, injection moulded at a melt temperature of 260° C., which is subjected to an outer fiber strain of 2.4% using a strain jig and completely immersed in the medium. The measurement is performed on the basis of ISO 4599.
• the change in colour (change in grey scale) of specimens measuring 60 mm ⁇ 40 mm ⁇ 2 mm, injection moulded at 260° C., subjected to hot light aging in accordance with VW standard PV 1303 over 6 illumination cycles, serves as a measure of UV light resistance.
• compositions that do not contain glass fibers having an epoxy polymer-based size are distinguished by poorer toughness compared with those comparable compositions with glass fibers having an epoxy polymer-based size.
• the rubber-free compositions containing glass fibers without an epoxy polymer-based size do exhibit good flowability, they have very poor chemical resistance and processing stability.
• a good combination of flowability, rigidity, chemical resistance, toughness, processing stability and aging resistance under the effects of light and heat is only achieved in the compositions according to the invention (examples 4, 8, 10-12).

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