US20080184732A1 - Evaporator, in Particular for an Air-Conditioning System of a Motor Vehicle - Google Patents

Evaporator, in Particular for an Air-Conditioning System of a Motor Vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
US20080184732A1
US20080184732A1 US11/795,217 US79521706A US2008184732A1 US 20080184732 A1 US20080184732 A1 US 20080184732A1 US 79521706 A US79521706 A US 79521706A US 2008184732 A1 US2008184732 A1 US 2008184732A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
evaporator
cooling
cooling element
evaporator according
coolant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US11/795,217
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English (en)
Inventor
Jens Hadler
Michael Kohl
Dieter Schmadl
Wolfgang Seewald
Christoph Walter
Eberhard Zwittig
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Mahle Behr GmbH and Co KG
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Behr GmbH and Co KG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Behr GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Behr GmbH and Co KG
Assigned to BEHR GMBH & CO. KG reassignment BEHR GMBH & CO. KG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ZWITTIG, EBERHARD, SCHMADL, DIETER, WALTER, CHRISTOPH, KOHL, MICHAEL, SEEWALD, WOLFGANG, HADLER, JENS
Publication of US20080184732A1 publication Critical patent/US20080184732A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/12—Elements constructed in the shape of a hollow panel, e.g. with channels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H1/00885—Controlling the flow of heating or cooling liquid, e.g. valves or pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/02—Evaporators
    • F25B39/022—Evaporators with plate-like or laminated elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/0408—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F28D1/0461—Combination of different types of heat exchanger, e.g. radiator combined with tube-and-shell heat exchanger; Arrangement of conduits for heat exchange between at least two media and for heat exchange between at least one medium and the large body of fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F28D1/05391—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits combined with a particular flow pattern, e.g. multi-row multi-stage radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0008—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one medium being in heat conductive contact with the conduits for the other medium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H2001/00307—Component temperature regulation using a liquid flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00507—Details, e.g. mounting arrangements, desaeration devices
    • B60H2001/00614—Cooling of electronic units in air stream
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H2001/00949—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising additional heating/cooling sources, e.g. second evaporator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
    • F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0028—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cooling heat generating elements, e.g. for cooling electronic components or electric devices
    • F28D2021/0031—Radiators for recooling a coolant of cooling systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F28D2021/0085—Evaporators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an evaporator, especially for an air-conditioning system of a motor vehicle.
  • Evaporators for motor vehicle air-conditioning systems are known in various constructions as mechanically joined round tube systems and also perforated flat tube, plate, or tray heat exchangers.
  • a perforated, double-row flat-tube evaporator is known through DE 198 26 881 A1 by the applicant, wherein corrugated fins are arranged between the flat tubes which are impinged upon by surrounding air that is cooled in the evaporator and fed into the inner compartment of the vehicle.
  • the evaporator is embedded in a refrigerant circuit of the air-conditioning system and carries a flow of refrigerant (R134a).
  • a perforated tray evaporator is known, for example, from DE 198 14 050, wherein corrugated fins that can be impinged upon by surrounding air are also arranged here between the trays.
  • the evaporator is arranged in an air-conditioning device within an air channel.
  • a cooling device for increasing the cooling effect, a cooling device is proposed in DE 41 31 739 A1 having a hollow space that carries a flow of cooling fluid for heat transfer.
  • the hollow space has turbulence inserts for increasing the heat transfer and is connected to the electronic unit via a base plate in a heat conductive way.
  • a similar cooling device for electronic components is proposed by the applicant in DE 199 11 205 A1, wherein a hollow space carries a flow of a liquid coolant that is removed from and fed back to a coolant radiator of a motor vehicle cooling circuit.
  • a cooling device for electronic components wherein the components are connected directly to a coolant radiator of a motor vehicle in a heat-conductive connection, for example, arranged on the side parts or the coolant box of the radiator.
  • the heat to be discharged thus flows directly into the coolant of the radiator via heat conduction.
  • a disadvantage in the known proposals mentioned above is that the heat that can be discharged is limited by the existing temperature of the coolant, whether it is an air flow or a liquid flow.
  • both the cooling air flow and also a coolant flow removed from the coolant radiator have a relatively high temperature.
  • the cooling power is also limited.
  • the task of the present invention is to create a device for cooling loads generating heat, especially in a motor vehicle and preferably for electronic components, which allows a higher cooling power.
  • an evaporator especially in a motor vehicle air-conditioning system, is used for cooling purposes, and at least one cooling element is implemented in the evaporator that can carry a coolant flow.
  • the cooling element is located in heat-conductive contact with the evaporator, especially with its flow channels guiding the refrigerant, so that the heat absorbed by the coolant can be released to the refrigerant, which has a relatively low temperature in the evaporator.
  • the cooling element is connected to a cooling circuit, a so-called secondary circuit, guiding the coolant that absorbs heat from loads to be cooled and transports it to the evaporator, which acts as a heat sink.
  • the evaporator itself is not changed in its operation, thus there is also no intervention in the refrigerant circuit of the air-conditioning system.
  • any type of evaporator is possible as a heat sink for the cooling according to the invention, but preferably flat tube, plate, or tray evaporators are used that offer smooth surfaces for connection to the cooling element according to the invention. Soldering the cooling element to parts of the evaporator, whereby an especially good heat transfer is achieved, is advantageous.
  • the refrigerant flowing through the evaporator is arbitrary, i.e., either a conventional refrigerant, such as R134a, or an alternative refrigerant, such as R744 (carbon dioxide) can be used.
  • CO 2 evaporators also offer good possibilities for integrating at least one cooling element according to the invention.
  • the cooling element or elements integrated into the evaporator can carry a flow of coolant, preferably a water-Glysantin mixture, and are connected to a separate cooling circuit, a secondary circuit. Individual loads generating heat, e.g., electronic components, are assigned to this secondary circuit, with the coolant of the secondary circuit being led past these components.
  • coolant preferably a water-Glysantin mixture
  • Individual loads generating heat e.g., electronic components
  • the cooling element according to the invention is preferably constructed as a rectangular tube, i.e., box-shaped, wherein it preferably takes up the space between two adjacent flat tubes, plates, or trays. This space is taken up by a corrugated fin in standard evaporators.
  • the cooling element thus takes the place of the corrugated fin and fills its space, wherein—as mentioned—the heat conduction can be increased considerably through soldering.
  • the cooling element can also be arranged between two corrugated fins or between a flat tube (tray or plate) and one corrugated fin, and soldered to these parts.
  • the cooling element can carry one or more flows, i.e., it can carry a flow of coolant in two or more directions with reversal, whereby the cooling power can be influenced in this way.
  • turbulence inserts can be provided that can also be soldered to the walls of the cooling element.
  • the cooling element is connected on the coolant side to the secondary circuit via an inlet and outlet port, wherein the coolant can be circulated by a pump.
  • the evaporator has at least one cooling element that is connected to at least one outer flat tube with a material fit, especially through soldering, welding, adhesion, etc., and/or especially with a positive fit through clips, screws, etc.
  • a side part, especially two side parts, of the evaporator are advantageously eliminated and costs are reduced.
  • the width of the cooling element can be selected arbitrarily according to the required cooling power and is not dependent on the modular dimensions of tubes, especially flat tubes, and/or fins, especially corrugated fins.
  • the evaporator has at least one first cooling element and at least one second cooling element which can carry a flow, especially advantageously in series.
  • the evaporator has at least one first cooling element and at least one second cooling element which can carry a flow in parallel.
  • At least one cooling element replaces at least one side part of the evaporator and delimits, in particular, the tube block. Therefore, in an especially advantageous way, at least one part, especially two parts, are eliminated, and thus the costs are advantageously reduced.
  • the cooling element is flush with at least one of the collecting tanks in another advantageous construction and is connected, in particular, to at least one of the collecting tanks with a material fit, especially through soldering, welding, adhesion, etc.
  • the cooling element does not terminate flush with at least one collecting tank and is not connected to at least one collecting tank.
  • At least one cooling element of the evaporator has a width that is independent of at least one modular dimension of at least one tube, especially a flat tube, and/or at least one fin, especially a corrugated fin.
  • At least one cooling element of the evaporator has a width that is dependent on at least one modular dimension of at least one tube, especially a flat tube, and/or at least one fin, especially a corrugated fin.
  • a cooling device with a secondary circuit that can be alternatively connected to the engine cooling circuit of a motor vehicle or to a heating body arranged in the engine cooling circuit.
  • the secondary cooling circuit is redundant in case of a failed air-conditioning system.
  • the coolant of the secondary circuit is then cooled in the heating body, through which there is a flow of air.
  • the cooling of the electronics can thus be maintained.
  • the heating body is connected or disconnected by means of thermostatic valves or electrically controllable multi-port valves.
  • a controllable short circuit is provided between the feed and return line of the secondary circuit, whereby condensation can be prevented.
  • an additional heat exchanger which is connected to a secondary circuit for cooling loads, especially electronic components, is connected downstream on the air side of the evaporator of a motor vehicle air conditioning system.
  • the additional heat exchanger preferably a serpentine heat exchanger, is cooled by the cold air leaving the evaporator and thus acts as a heat sink for the secondary cooling circuit.
  • the additional heat exchanger which has a relatively small depth in the direction of air flow, can be installed between the evaporator and heating body of a conventional air-conditioning system, without requiring additional installation space.
  • at least one cooling element ( 5 ) which can be cross-flown by a coolant ( 5 ) is connected in a thermally conductive manner to the evaporator ( 1 ) and is connected to a secondary circuit ( 6 ) which acts as a cooler for the consumers, in particular electronic components ( 8 ).
  • One object of the present disclosure is to describe an improved evaporator for the air-conditioning system of a motor vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit with an evaporator according to the invention with a secondary circuit.
  • FIGS. 2 , 2 a illustrate a flat tube evaporator according to the invention with integrated cooling element.
  • FIGS. 3 , 3 a illustrate a flat tube evaporator with two integrated cooling elements.
  • FIGS. 4 , 4 a illustrate an evaporator for an alternative refrigerant (CO 2 ) with integrated cooling element.
  • FIGS. 5 , 5 a , 5 b , 5 c illustrate a cooling element that can carry double flow.
  • FIGS. 6 , 6 a illustrate a cooling element that can carry single flow.
  • FIG. 7 a illustrates a cooling element that can carry double flow.
  • FIGS. 7 b, c, d illustrate a cooling element that can carry single flow.
  • FIGS. 8 a , 8 b , 8 c , 8 d , 8 e illustrate various arrangements of cooling elements in the evaporator.
  • FIG. 9 a illustrates a front view of a flat tube evaporator with cooling elements arranged on the outside on the evaporator block.
  • FIG. 9 b illustrates an isometric representation of a flat tube evaporator with cooling elements arranged on the outside on the evaporator block.
  • FIG. 9 c illustrates a cooling element that can carry double flow.
  • FIG. 10 a illustrates a front view of a flat tube evaporator with cooling elements arranged on the outside on the evaporator block.
  • FIG. 10 b illustrates an isometric representation of a flat tube evaporator with cooling elements arranged on the outside on the evaporator block.
  • FIG. 10 c illustrates an isometric representation of a flat tube evaporator with cooling elements arranged on the outside on the evaporator block.
  • FIG. 10 d illustrates a cooling element that can carry single flow.
  • FIG. 11 a illustrates a rear view of a flat tube evaporator with cooling elements arranged on the outside on the evaporator block.
  • FIG. 11 b illustrates an isometric representation of a flat tube evaporator with cooling elements arranged on the outside on the evaporator block.
  • FIG. 11 c illustrates a cooling element that can carry single flow.
  • FIG. 1 shows a double-row flat tube evaporator 1 , which is connected on the refrigerant side to a refrigerant circuit 2 of a not-shown motor vehicle air-conditioning system.
  • a condenser 3 and a compressor in the refrigerant circuit.
  • the evaporator 1 corresponds in its construction essentially to the state of the art mentioned above (DE 198 26 881 A1 by the applicant) and carries a flow of conventional refrigerant (R134a).
  • the evaporator 1 thus has a block 1 a consisting of non-designated flat tubes and corrugated fins, as well as top and bottom collecting tanks 1 b , 1 c .
  • a cooling element 5 is implemented in the evaporator 1 that is connected to a secondary circuit 6 .
  • a cooling body 7 which is connected in a heat conductive way to an electronic component 8 to be cooled, is arranged as an example of a load.
  • the cooling element 5 , secondary circuit 6 , and cooling body 7 carry a flow of coolant, preferably a liquid coolant, a water-Glysantin mixture, wherein the coolant can be circulated by a not-shown pump.
  • the secondary circuit 6 which thus acts as a cooling circuit, other not-shown loads can be arranged that are also cooled by the coolant flow.
  • the cooling element 5 outputs the heat absorbed by the coolant to the evaporator or the refrigerant, i.e., the evaporator 1 acts as a heat sink for the cooling circuit 6 .
  • the primary function of the evaporator, to cool air for the interior of the vehicle, is not negatively affected by the connection of the secondary circuit 6 . There is also no intervention into the refrigerant circuit 2 .
  • FIGS. 2 and 2 a show a flat tube evaporator 10 in a view from the front as well as in a 3D representation.
  • the evaporator 10 has flat tubes 10 a , between which there are corrugated fins 10 b that are impinged upon by the surrounding air.
  • a cooling element 11 In the middle region of the evaporator 10 between two flat tubes 10 a there is a cooling element 11 that is heat conductively connected, preferably through soldering, to the flat tubes 10 a .
  • the cooling element 11 has an inlet port 11 a and an outlet port 11 b for connecting to the secondary or coolant circuit (cf. secondary circuit 6 in FIG. 1 ), not shown here, in its bottom region (in the drawing).
  • the flat tube evaporator 10 has a refrigerant connection flange 10 c which is connected on one side to a not-shown refrigerant circuit of the motor vehicle air-conditioning system, and on the other side to the evaporator 10 or its collecting tanks via connection tubes 10 d , 10 e .
  • the evaporator 10 carries a flow of air in the direction of the arrow L, which is cooled in the evaporator and is fed to a not-shown passenger compartment of the motor vehicle.
  • FIGS. 3 and 3 a show another embodiment of the invention in the form of a flat tube evaporator 20 , in a view from the front and in an oblique representation.
  • the construction of the flat tube evaporator 20 corresponds essentially to the construction of the evaporator according to FIGS. 2 and 2 a with the difference that here two cooling elements 21 , 22 are integrated into the evaporator block, i.e., each between two adjacent flat tubes.
  • the cooling elements 21 , 22 correspond in their construction to the cooling element 11 according to FIGS. 2 , 2 a , i.e., they also have connection ports 21 a , 21 b and also 22 a , 22 b .
  • Both cooling elements 21 , 22 are also connected to the secondary circuit, not shown here. By multiplying the number of cooling elements, the cooling capacity of the secondary circuit is increased accordingly—but at the cost of the secondary-side heat exchange surface area (corrugated fins) of the evaporator.
  • FIGS. 4 and 4 a show another embodiment of the invention in the form of an evaporator 30 , in a view from the front and in a 3D representation.
  • the evaporator 30 corresponds essentially also to the state of the art and is operated with an alternative refrigerant, CO 2 or R744, which means a pressure-tight construction for the individual evaporator components.
  • the evaporator 30 has U-shaped or serpentine-shaped flat tubes 31 (preferably multiple-chamber tubes), between which are arranged corrugated fins, not shown here.
  • the evaporator 30 is connected via connection tubes 32 , 33 to a not-shown CO 2 refrigerant circuit of a motor vehicle air-conditioning system, wherein the connection tubes 32 , 33 each transition into a distributor or collection tube 32 ′, 33 ′.
  • the distribution of the refrigerant is performed in a collecting tank 34 , which is shown in FIG. 4 a in an exploded view.
  • This evaporator type is also known from the state of the art, for example, DE 102 60 030 A1 by the applicant. Other constructions for evaporators operated with CO 2 are known through DE 100 25 362 A1.
  • a cooling element 35 is integrated in the evaporator 30 , approximately in the middle region, and arranged between two adjacent flat tubes 31 , i.e., preferably soldered together with the adjacent flat tubes.
  • the cooling element 35 has connection ports 35 a , 35 b in its lower region for connection to the secondary circuit mentioned above that serves to cool loads generating heat.
  • FIGS. 5 , 5 a , 5 b , 5 c show as an individual part a cooling element 60 that corresponds to the cooling elements 5 , 11 , 21 , 22 , 35 mentioned above.
  • the cooling element 60 is also composed of aluminum materials and can thus be soldered to the evaporator.
  • the cooling element 60 is formed as a rectangular tube 61 in which a holder frame 62 is inserted that closes the tube 61 on the end.
  • the two connection ports 60 a , 60 b are arranged on the narrow side of the rectangular tube 60 .
  • FIG. 5 a shows the interior of the rectangular tube 60 , wherein an angled separating wall 63 is arranged between the coolant inlet 60 a and the coolant outlet 60 b .
  • the cooling element 60 carries a double flow.
  • Flow arrows E for the inflow of the coolant and U for the reversal of the coolant are shown in FIG. 5 c .
  • the U-shaped flow channel is filled with a turbulence plate 64 , which is shown in cross section in FIG. 5 c . It can be soldered to the rectangular tube 60 .
  • the coolant is preferably a fluid heat carrier, especially a water-Glysantin mixture.
  • FIGS. 6 and 6 a show another embodiment of a cooling element 70 that can carry a single flow.
  • the cooling element 70 is also constructed as a rectangular tube 71 and has an inlet port 70 a on the narrow side in its bottom region and an outlet port 70 b on the same side in its upper region for connection to the secondary circuit, not shown here.
  • the interior, i.e., the flow path of the coolant through the cooling element 70 is shown by means of an inlet-side flow arrow E and an outlet-side flow arrow A.
  • a turbulence plate 72 that leaves spaces 73 , 74 free for the distribution and collection of the coolant within the cooling element 70 .
  • the turbulence plate 72 Through the turbulence plate 72 , the heat transfer from the coolant to the rectangular tube and thus also to the refrigerant is improved. Compared with the embodiment according to FIGS. 5 to 5 c with a double flow, a smaller coolant-side pressure drop, but also a smaller cooling output is produced for the single flow.
  • the turbulence plate 72 instead of the turbulence plate 72 , other means increasing the heat transfer are also possible, e.g., simple internal ribbing.
  • FIGS. 7 a , 7 b , 7 c , 7 d show additional embodiments for a cooling element. Identical features are designated with the same reference symbols as in the preceding figures.
  • FIG. 7 a corresponds to FIG. 5 b.
  • FIG. 7 b shows another embodiment for a cooling element 90 that can carry a single flow.
  • the cooling element 90 is also constructed as a rectangular tube and has an inlet port 90 a on the narrow side in its bottom region and an outlet port 90 b in its upper region for connecting to the secondary circuit, not shown here.
  • the interior, i.e., the flow path of the coolant through the cooling element 90 is shown by inlet-side flow arrows E and outlet-side flow arrows A.
  • a turbulence plate 92 that leaves spaces free for the distribution and collection of the coolant within the cooling element 90 .
  • the inlet and outlet ports 90 a , 90 b are arranged on the opposite side.
  • FIG. 7 c corresponds to FIG. 6 a.
  • FIG. 7 d shows another embodiment for a cooling element 100 that can carry a single flow.
  • the cooling element 100 is also constructed as a rectangular tube and has an inlet port 100 a on the narrow side in its lower region and, in contrast to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 c , has an outlet port 100 b in its upper region on the opposite side of the cooling element 100 for connection to the secondary circuit, not shown here.
  • FIGS. 8 a , 8 b , 8 c , 8 d , 8 e show various possibilities for the arrangement or integration of cooling elements in an evaporator. Identical features are designated with the same reference symbols as in the preceding figures.
  • a cooling element 80 is arranged between adjacent flat tubes 81 of a double-flow flat tube evaporator.
  • the walls of the cooling element 80 contact the flat tubes 81 directly and are preferably soldered to these tubes, which produces an excellent heat transfer.
  • the heat released by the coolant in the cooling element 80 flows directly into the flat tubes 81 in which the refrigerant is flowing.
  • Corrugated fins 82 which are also soldered to the flat tubes 81 , are arranged on the sides of the flat tubes 81 facing away from the cooling element 80 .
  • FIG. 8 b shows another embodiment, two cooling elements 80 that are each arranged between adjacent flat tubes 81 .
  • the two cooling elements 80 release their heat on one side to the middle, and on the other side to the two outer, flat tubes 81 .
  • FIG. 8 c shows another asymmetric arrangement, wherein the cooling element 80 contacts on one side, i.e., with one broad side, the flat tubes 81 and on the other side, i.e., with the other broad side, corrugated fins 82 . All of the parts are soldered to each other, so that the heat is released from the cooling element 80 on one side into the flat tubes 81 and on the other side via the corrugated fins 82 to the air flowing above, shown by arrows L.
  • FIG. 8 d shows another embodiment, wherein the cooling element 80 is arranged directly between adjacent corrugated fins 82 that are in heat-conductive contact with flat tubes 81 on the other side.
  • the heat generated by the cooling element 80 flows via heat conduction directly into the corrugated fins 82 and is released on both sides to the surrounding air flowing over the corrugated fins 82 .
  • FIG. 8 e shows another embodiment.
  • the flat tube evaporator has at least one flat tube 81 , especially several flat tubes 81 , as well as at least one outer flat tube 83 , especially two outer flat tubes.
  • the outer flat tube 83 has a first inner side 84 , which is arranged adjacent to a corrugated fin 82 , or in another, not-shown embodiment adjacent to a flat tube 81 .
  • the outer flat tube 83 has an essentially parallel second outer side 85 .
  • the second outer side 85 of the outer flat tube 83 is connected with a material fit to the cooling element 80 , especially through soldering, welding, adhesion, etc., whereby an excellent heat transfer is produced.
  • the heat released from the coolant in the cooling element 80 flows directly into the outer flat tube 83 in which the refrigerant flows.
  • Especially advantageous is to replace at least one side part, which delimits, in particular, the tube block to the outside, by the cooling element 80 .
  • two side parts, which each delimit the tube block to the outside, are replaced by two cooling elements. In this way, at least one side part is eliminated and the costs are reduced.
  • the second outer side 85 of the outer flat tube 83 is connected to the cooling element 80 with a positive fit, especially with a clip connection, screw connection, etc., or with a positive and material fit.
  • a cooling element 80 is connected to at least one second outer side 85 of an outer flat tube 83 .
  • the flat tube evaporator has two outer flat tubes 83 , one on each outer side.
  • Each cooling element 80 is connected to an outer flat tube 83 , especially with a material fit through soldering, welding, adhesion, etc., so that the flat tube evaporator has a total of two cooling elements 80 .
  • the flat tube evaporator has more than two cooling elements.
  • One cooling element 80 is connected to an outer flat tube, at least one other cooling element 80 , especially several other cooling elements 80 , [these] are arranged between two flat tubes 81 in a first variant or between two corrugated fins 82 in a second variant or between a flat tube and a corrugated fin in a third variant, and connected to these parts or arranged as a combination of the three variants.
  • FIG. 9 a shows the front view of a flat tube evaporator with cooling elements arranged on the evaporator block on the outside.
  • FIG. 9 b shows the associated isometric representation of a flat tube evaporator with cooling elements arranged on the evaporator block on the outside.
  • FIG. 9 c shows the associated cooling element. Identical features are provided with the same reference symbols as in the preceding figures.
  • FIGS. 9 a , 9 b show a flat tube evaporator 270 , which is connected on the refrigerant side to a refrigerant circuit 300 of a not-shown motor vehicle air-conditioning system.
  • a condenser 280 and a compressor 290 are arranged next to the evaporator 270 .
  • the evaporator 270 corresponds in its construction essentially to the state of the art (DE 198 26 881 A1 by the applicant) mentioned above and carries a flow of a conventional refrigerant (R134a).
  • R134a conventional refrigerant
  • it is operated with an alternative refrigerant CO 2 or R744.
  • the evaporator 270 thus has flat tubes 230 and outer flat tubes 220 on undesignated corrugated fins, as well as upper and lower collecting tanks 230 and 320 .
  • a block 370 has the flat tube 230 , two outer flat tubes 220 , and also undesignated corrugated fins.
  • the block 370 is delimited on two opposing sides by a cooling element 210 .
  • At least one cooling element 210 in particular each cooling element 210 , is connected to a secondary circuit 380 .
  • the secondary circuit 380 has at least one feed line 350 and at least one return line 360 .
  • the secondary circuit has at least one load with at least one cooling body 330 , which is heat-conductively connected to at least one electronic component 340 to be cooled.
  • the return line 360 is arranged upstream of the cooling body 330 and is connected to at least one outlet connection 260 of the cooling element 210 .
  • the feed line is arranged downstream of the cooling body 330 and is connected to at least one inlet connection 250 of the cooling element 210 .
  • the cooling element 210 , secondary circuit 380 , and cooling body 330 carry a coolant, preferably a fluid coolant, especially a water-Glysantin mixture, wherein the coolant can be circulated by a not-shown pump. Other not-shown loads can be arranged, which are likewise cooled by the coolant flow, in the secondary circuit 380 , which thus acts as a cooling circuit.
  • the one or more cooling elements 210 transfer the heat absorbed by the coolant to the one or more outer flat tubes 220 and thus to the evaporator 270 and the refrigerant, i.e., the evaporator 270 acts as a heat sink for the cooling circuit 380 .
  • the one or more cooling elements 210 are arranged adjacent and especially parallel to the outer flat tube 220 of the evaporator 270 , and in particular are connected to the outer side of the flat tube in a conductive, especially a heat-conductive way and with a material fit, especially through soldering, welding, adhesion, etc., and/or with a positive fit, especially through clips, screws, etc.
  • only one cooling element 210 can be connected to an outer flat tube 220 .
  • a cooling element is connected to each of the two outer flat tubes 220 , so that at least two cooling elements 210 are connected to the evaporator 270 .
  • the width 390 of the cooling element can be designed as larger or smaller according to the required cooling power.
  • the width 390 of the cooling element must be adapted to the modular dimensions of the flat tubes or the corrugated fins.
  • the width 390 of the cooling element 210 can be steplessly variable.
  • the number of cooling elements, and the width 390 according to the cooling power required in the secondary circuit 380 can be assembled as in a modular system.
  • the one or more inlet connections 250 and one or more outlet connections 260 are arranged essentially parallel to each other, in the embodiment essentially adjacent to the lower collection tube 320 .
  • the cooling element 210 comprises a first outer face 390 , a second outer face 400 , and also a third outer face 410 .
  • the cooling element has a fourth outer face, which has essentially the size of the first outer face 390 and which is arranged essentially parallel to this face, a fifth outer face, which has essentially the size of the second outer face 400 and which is arranged essentially parallel to this face, and also another sixth outer face, which has essentially the size of the third outer face 410 and which is arranged essentially parallel to this face.
  • the one or more inlet connections 250 and the one or more outlet connections are arranged on at least the first outer face 390 , and/or the second outer face 400 and/or the third outer face 410 and/or the fourth outer face and/or the sixth outer face, wherein the inlet connections 250 and the outlet connections 260 can be arranged on the same outer face of the same cooling element 210 or the inlet connections 250 can be arranged on a different outer face of the same cooling element 210 than the face on which the outlet connections 260 are arranged.
  • FIG. 9 c corresponds to FIG. 7 a and shows a section through the cooling element 210 . Identical elements are here designated with the same reference symbols as in the preceding figures.
  • the cooling element 210 can also be formed as shown in FIG. 7 b , 7 c , or 7 d.
  • FIG. 10 a shows the front view of a flat tube evaporator with cooling elements arranged on the outside on the evaporator block.
  • FIG. 10 b shows the isometric representation of a flat tube evaporator with cooling elements arranged on the outside on the evaporator block.
  • FIG. 10 c shows the isometric representation of another embodiment of a flat tube evaporator with cooling elements arranged on the outside on the evaporator block.
  • FIG. 10 d shows a cooling element that can carry a single flow. Identical features are provided with the same reference symbols as in the preceding figures.
  • FIGS. 10 a and 10 b show a cooling element 510 .
  • the inlet connection 550 is arranged in the lower region of the cooling element 510 , essentially adjacent to the lower collecting tank 320
  • the outlet connection 560 is arranged in the upper region of the cooling element 510 , essentially adjacent to the upper collecting tank 310 .
  • a second cooling element 520 has an inlet connection 550 in the upper region of the cooling element 520 , essentially adjacent to the upper collecting tank 310 , and an outlet connection 560 in the lower region of the cooling element 520 , essentially adjacent to the lower collecting tank 320 .
  • the secondary cooling circuit 680 has a feed line 650 and a return line 660 .
  • the coolant flows through the first cooling element 510 and the second cooling element 520 in series.
  • the coolant of the secondary circuit 680 enters into the cooling element 510 on the feed side 650 via the inlet connection 550 , flows through this cooling element, and leaves this cooling element 510 via the outlet connection 560 .
  • the coolant then flows via a not-shown line to the inlet connection 550 of the second cooling element 520 , flows through this cooling element, and emerges from the second cooling element 520 via the outlet connection.
  • the reverse direction of flow is also possible.
  • FIG. 10 c shows another embodiment.
  • Two cooling elements 710 of an evaporator 770 each comprise an inlet connection 750 , which is arranged in the lower region of the cooling element 710 essentially adjacent to the lower collecting tank 320 , and an outlet connection 760 , which is arranged in the upper region of the cooling element 710 essentially adjacent to the upper collecting tank 310 .
  • the secondary cooling circuit 880 has a feed line 850 and a return line 860 . The coolant flows through the first cooling element 710 and the second cooling element 710 in parallel.
  • the coolant of the secondary circuit 880 branches at a not-shown position on the feed side 850 and enters the respective cooling element 710 via the inlet connection 750 , flows through this cooling element, and leaves the respective cooling element 510 [sic; 710 ] via the outlet connection 760 .
  • the two discharged coolant flows combine at a not-shown position in the return line 860 .
  • the reverse direction of flow is also possible.
  • FIG. 10 d corresponds to FIG. 7 c and shows a section through the cooling elements 510 , 520 , 710 .
  • Identical elements are here designated with the same reference symbols as in the preceding figures.
  • the cooling elements 510 , 520 , 710 can also be formed as shown in FIG. 7 a , 7 b , or 7 d.
  • FIG. 11 a shows the rear view of a flat tube evaporator with cooling elements arranged on the outside on the evaporator block.
  • FIG. 11 b shows an isometric representation of a flat tube evaporator with cooling elements arranged on the outside on the evaporator block.
  • FIG. 11 c shows a cooling element that can carry a single flow. Identical features are provided with the same reference symbols as in the preceding figures.
  • the cooling element 910 has an inlet connection 950 and an outlet connection 960 on the rear side instead of on the front side.
  • FIG. 11 c corresponds to FIG. 10 d and shows the cooling element 910 .
  • a cooling device is contemplated as another embodiment of the invention consisting of an evaporator that is arranged in a refrigerant circuit of a not-shown motor vehicle, a secondary circuit, and also a radiator that is arranged in the cooling circuit of a not-shown internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle.
  • Evaporator, refrigerant circuit, and secondary circuit correspond to the embodiment according to FIG. 1 and the subsequent figures.
  • the secondary circuit is used—as described above—for cooling loads generating heat, especially not-shown electronic components, wherein the evaporator is used with at least one cooling element, not shown here, as a heat sink.
  • the secondary circuit has a feed line and a return line and is connected via connection lines to the radiator such that this is connected parallel to the not-shown cooling element arranged on the evaporator.
  • the cooling circuit of the internal combustion engine (engine cooling circuit) and the secondary circuit both have the same coolant.
  • the radiator is connected alternatively, i.e., instead of the cooling element, in the event that the air-conditioning system in the motor vehicle fails, and thus the evaporator is not functional. Activation is realized via not-shown thermostatically or electrically controllable valves in the feed line or return line.
  • the radiator which is also part of the not-shown air-conditioning system, is impinged upon by air on the secondary side, so that cooling of the coolant and thus of the secondary circuit can be realized.
  • the radiator is thus used as an alternative to the evaporator as a heat sink for the secondary circuit.
  • a short-circuit line between the feed line and return line that can be controlled via a not-shown thermostatic valve and that adjusts the temperature of the return line for the purpose of preventing condensation at a certain temperature.
  • a cooling device has an evaporator and an additional heat exchanger arranged behind the evaporator in the direction of air flow.
  • the evaporator is part of a not-shown motor vehicle air-conditioning system and is connected to a refrigerant circuit.
  • the construction of the evaporator corresponds to the state of the art—here a flat tube evaporator whose flat tubes, not shown, carry a flow of refrigerant of the refrigerant circuit, while a flow of air passes through the similarly not-shown fins between the flat tubes.
  • the air is thus cooled in the evaporator and encounters the additional heat exchanger, which is preferably formed as a serpentine heat exchanger with a flat tube having multiple reversals, after emerging from the evaporator.
  • the serpentine heat exchanger has two connections by means of which it is connected to a secondary circuit that corresponds to the secondary circuits described above and which is used for cooling loads generating heat, especially electronic components in the motor vehicle.
  • the additional heat exchanger is cooled by the air cooled in the evaporator and is thus used as a heat sink for the secondary circuit, wherein the evaporator acts indirectly as a heat sink—via the air.
  • the additional heat exchanger which has a relatively small depth in the direction of the air flow, is arranged between the evaporator and a heating body that is connected to the cooling circuit of the internal combustion engine.
  • the end face of the additional heat exchanger can correspond approximately to the end face of the evaporator.
  • the volume flow of the coolant in the additional heat exchanger is relatively small—in this respect connecting the individual tubes in succession, e.g., in the form of the serpentine heat exchanger, is advantageous.
  • the additional heat exchanger can be connected mechanically or with a material fit (e.g., through soldering) to the evaporator or to the heating body and thus can be integrated into a standard air-conditioning system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
  • Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)
US11/795,217 2005-01-14 2006-01-16 Evaporator, in Particular for an Air-Conditioning System of a Motor Vehicle Abandoned US20080184732A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

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DE102005002060 2005-01-14
DEDE102005002060.7 2005-01-14
DE102005049406 2005-10-13
DEDE102005409406.4 2005-10-13
PCT/EP2006/000318 WO2006074958A2 (fr) 2005-01-14 2006-01-16 Evaporateur destine notamment au systeme de climatisation d'un vehicule automobile

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EP (1) EP1842019B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2008527306A (fr)
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WO (1) WO2006074958A2 (fr)

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US20090249810A1 (en) * 2008-04-02 2009-10-08 Dirk Neumeister Evaporator
US20130298588A1 (en) * 2011-02-04 2013-11-14 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Cooling device
US20140208793A1 (en) * 2013-01-30 2014-07-31 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Integrated hot and cold storage systems linked to heat pump
US20140374408A1 (en) * 2013-06-19 2014-12-25 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Heat exchanger device and heater
DE102019107100A1 (de) * 2019-03-20 2020-09-24 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Kühlvorrichtung für die Kühlung eines heißen Wärmeträger-Fluids in einem Fahrzeug

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DE102006004414A1 (de) * 2006-01-31 2007-08-02 Valeo Klimasysteme Gmbh Kühleinheit
DE102007032852A1 (de) * 2007-02-22 2008-08-28 Johnson Controls Automotive Electronics Gmbh Kühlsystem für Fahrzeugkomponenten
DE102008017113A1 (de) * 2008-04-02 2009-10-08 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Verdampfer
DE102010061768A1 (de) * 2010-11-23 2012-05-24 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zur Kühlung einer Wärmequelle eines Kraftfahrzeugs
DE102011107281A1 (de) 2011-07-15 2013-01-17 Volkswagen Ag Chiller
WO2020235052A1 (fr) * 2019-05-22 2020-11-26 三菱電機株式会社 Échangeur de chaleur et climatiseur
CN110230901A (zh) * 2019-05-27 2019-09-13 广州大学 一种气液两相共用型的冷媒分配管及热泵系统

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US20130298588A1 (en) * 2011-02-04 2013-11-14 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Cooling device
US8893522B2 (en) * 2011-02-04 2014-11-25 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Cooling device
US20140208793A1 (en) * 2013-01-30 2014-07-31 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Integrated hot and cold storage systems linked to heat pump
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DE102006002194A1 (de) 2006-08-24
WO2006074958A2 (fr) 2006-07-20
EP1842019B1 (fr) 2012-08-08
EP1842019A2 (fr) 2007-10-10
JP2008527306A (ja) 2008-07-24

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