US20080149232A1 - Gas generant compositions - Google Patents

Gas generant compositions Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20080149232A1
US20080149232A1 US12/002,701 US270107A US2008149232A1 US 20080149232 A1 US20080149232 A1 US 20080149232A1 US 270107 A US270107 A US 270107A US 2008149232 A1 US2008149232 A1 US 2008149232A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
composition
aminotetrazole
azoles
salts
additive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/002,701
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jason Newell
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TK Holdings Inc
Original Assignee
TK Holdings Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TK Holdings Inc filed Critical TK Holdings Inc
Priority to US12/002,701 priority Critical patent/US20080149232A1/en
Assigned to TK HOLDINGS, INC. reassignment TK HOLDINGS, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: NEWELL, JASON
Publication of US20080149232A1 publication Critical patent/US20080149232A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
    • C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
    • C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
    • C06C9/00—Chemical contact igniters; Chemical lighters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to gas generating systems, and to autoignition and booster compositions employed in gas generator devices for automotive restraint systems, for example.
  • the present invention relates to autoignition compositions that upon ignition provide the flame front and pressure front necessary to safely ignite gas generant compositions in combustible communication therewith.
  • gas generators are typically provided with an autoignition composition that in the event of a fire ignites responsive to a desired threshold temperature. As a result, the gas generant is ignited prior to melting for example, thereby safely igniting the main gas generant composition to inhibit or prevent the likelihood of an explosive event once the gas generant begins to combust.
  • compositions are provided to serve correspondingly discrete functions. These compositions often include a primary gas generating composition that when combusted is employed to provide sufficient quantities of gaseous products to operate the associated restraint device, such as an airbag or seatbelt pretensioner.
  • a booster composition is utilized to elevate the pressure and heat within the gas generator prior to combustion of the primary gas generant, thereby creating favorable conditions within the inflator for acceptable combustion of the primary gas generant.
  • the auto-ignition composition employed to provide safe combustion of the other compositions in the event of a fire.
  • the auto-ignition composition is designed to ignite at temperatures below the melting point of the primary gas generant for example, thereby ensuring the controlled combustion of the primary gas generant, as opposed to an explosive reaction perhaps.
  • compositions containing cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB), nitroguanidine (NQ), and potassium perchlorate (KP) as gas generant compositions are known. These compositions provide relatively large amounts of gas and relatively small amounts of solids upon combustion. However, the ignition temperature is over 500 degrees Celsius. Seatbelt pretensioners utilizing this composition disassemble when subjected to DOT and BAM rapid heating tests. Even so, this composition is desirable given the relatively cheap costs and also because of the large amounts of gas produced. It would therefore be an improvement in the art to stabilize the ignition and combustion of a CAB composition to make it useful in smaller micro gas generators used in seatbelt devices, for example.
  • CAB cellulose acetate butyrate
  • NQ nitroguanidine
  • KP potassium perchlorate
  • gas generating systems including an autoignition/booster composition containing a first oxidizer selected from metal perchlorates, such as potassium perchlorate, at about 10-90 weight percent of the composition, and a fuel component of CAB and NQ that when taken together are provided at about 10-90 weight percent of the composition.
  • a first additive of molybdenum trioxide is provided at about 0.1-3 wt % of the total composition.
  • any compound that would liberate molybdenum trioxide in the same relative molar/weight amounts during combustion may also be provided as the first additive.
  • a second additive of 5-aminotetrazole is provided at about 0.1-5 wt % of the total composition.
  • any azole-based fuel including metal salts of azole compounds, and azole compounds such as aminotetrazole, tetrazole, 5-nitrotetrazole, 5-nitroaminotetrazole, and bitetrazole, may be included in the same weight percent range, or, in the same molar-effective amounts.
  • triazole-based compounds including 1,2,4-triazole-5-one or 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole-5-one and metal salts of these compounds may also be employed either singularly or in conjunction with the tetrazole-based compounds in the same weight percent range, or in the same molar-effective amounts.
  • guanidine nitrate, aminoguanidine nitrate, triaminoguanidine nitrate, nitroguanidine, dicyandiamide, triazalone, nitrotriazalone, and mixtures thereof may also be employed either singularly or in conjunction with tetrazole-based and/or triazole-based compounds in the same weight percent range of about 0.1-5 weight percent when taken as a whole, or in the same molar-effective amounts as the azole-based second additive.
  • a gas generator and a vehicle occupant protection system incorporating the autoignition system are also included.
  • a seat belt device as known in the art may also contain a composition as described above may also be included.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional side view showing the general structure of an inflator in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of an exemplary vehicle occupant restraint system containing a gas generant composition in accordance with the present invention.
  • a primary fuel component is provided containing cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) and nitroguanidine (NQ).
  • the primary fuel component is provided at about 10-90 wt % of the gas generant composition.
  • Each fuel constituent of the primary fuel component may generally be provided at about 5-95 wt % relative to the weight of the primary fuel component.
  • a first additive selected from molybdenum trioxide, molybdic acid, ammonium molybdate, sodium molybdate, phosphomolybdic acid, ammonium phosphomolybdate, and sodium phosphomolybdate, is provided at about 0.1-3 weight percent (wt %). Stated another way, any component that would liberate molybdenum trioxide in the same relative molar amounts may also be provided.
  • a second additive is selected from one or more secondary fuels including tetrazoles such as 5-aminotetrazole; metal salts of azoles such as potassium 5-aminotetrazole; nonmetal salts of azoles such as diammonium salt of 5,5′-bis-1H-tetrazole; nitrate salts of azoles such as 5-aminotetrazole; nitramine derivatives of azoles such as 5-aminotetrazole; metal salts of nitramine derivatives of azoles such as dipotassium 5-aminotetrazole; metal salts of nitramine derivatives of azoles such as dipotassium 5-aminotetrazole; nonmetal salts of nitramine derivatives of azoles such as monoammonium 5-aminotetrazole; triazole-based compounds including 1,2,4-triazole-5-one or 3-nitro-1,2,4 triazole-5-one and metal salts of these compounds; guanidines such as dicyandiamide;
  • An oxidizer component is selected from metal perchlorates, such as potassium perchlorate at about 10-90 wt % of the composition.
  • compositions of the present invention are formed from constituents as provided by known suppliers such as Aldrich or Fisher Chemical companies.
  • the compositions may be provided in granulated form and dry-mixed and compacted in a known manner, or otherwise mixed as known in the art.
  • the compositions may be employed in gas generators typically found in airbag devices or occupant protection systems, or in safety belt devices, or in gas generating systems such as a vehicle occupant protection system, all manufactured as known in the art, or as appreciated by one of ordinary skill.
  • an exemplary inflator or gas generating system 10 incorporates a dual chamber design to tailor containing an autoignition/booster composition 12 formed as described herein, may be manufactured as known in the art.
  • U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,422,601, 6,805,377, 6,659,500, 6,749,219, and 6,752,421 exemplify typical airbag inflator designs and are each incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
  • Airbag system 200 includes at least one airbag 202 and an inflator 10 containing a gas generant composition 12 in accordance with the present invention, coupled to airbag 202 so as to enable fluid communication with an interior of the airbag.
  • Airbag system 200 may also include (or be in communication with) a crash event sensor 210 .
  • Crash event sensor 210 includes a known crash sensor algorithm that signals actuation of airbag system 200 via, for example, activation of airbag inflator 10 in the event of a collision.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of one exemplary embodiment of such a restraint system.
  • Safety belt assembly 150 includes a safety belt housing 152 and a safety belt 100 extending from housing 152 .
  • a safety belt retractor mechanism 154 (for example, a spring-loaded mechanism) may be coupled to an end portion of the belt.
  • a safety belt pretensioner 156 containing gas generating/auto ignition composition 12 may be coupled to belt retractor mechanism 154 to actuate the retractor mechanism in the event of a collision.
  • Typical seat belt retractor mechanisms which may be used in conjunction with the safety belt embodiments of the present invention are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,743,480, 5,553,803, 5,667,161, 5,451,008, 4,558,832 and 4,597,546, incorporated herein by reference.
  • Illustrative examples of typical pretensioners with which the safety belt embodiments of the present invention may be combined are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,505,790 and 6,419,177, incorporated herein by reference.
  • Safety belt assembly 150 may also include (or be in communication with) a crash event sensor 158 (for example, an inertia sensor or an accelerometer) including a known crash sensor algorithm that signals actuation of belt pretensioner 156 via, for example, activation of a pyrotechnic igniter (not shown) incorporated into the pretensioner.
  • a crash event sensor 158 for example, an inertia sensor or an accelerometer
  • U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,505,790 and 6,419,177 previously incorporated herein by reference, provide illustrative examples of pretensioners actuated in such a manner.
  • safety belt assembly 150 airbag system 200 , and more broadly, vehicle occupant protection system 180 exemplify but do not limit vehicle occupant protection systems contemplated in accordance with the present invention.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
US12/002,701 2006-12-15 2007-12-17 Gas generant compositions Abandoned US20080149232A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/002,701 US20080149232A1 (en) 2006-12-15 2007-12-17 Gas generant compositions

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US87530006P 2006-12-15 2006-12-15
US12/002,701 US20080149232A1 (en) 2006-12-15 2007-12-17 Gas generant compositions

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20080149232A1 true US20080149232A1 (en) 2008-06-26

Family

ID=39536638

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/002,701 Abandoned US20080149232A1 (en) 2006-12-15 2007-12-17 Gas generant compositions

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20080149232A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2010513186A (fr)
DE (1) DE112007002820T5 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008076441A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070034307A1 (en) * 2005-07-29 2007-02-15 Hordos Deborah L Autoignition/booster composition
US20070113940A1 (en) * 2005-06-30 2007-05-24 Burns Sean P Autoignition compositions
US9162933B1 (en) 2007-04-24 2015-10-20 Tk Holding Inc. Auto-ignition composition
US9556078B1 (en) 2008-04-07 2017-01-31 Tk Holdings Inc. Gas generator

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2483050C2 (ru) * 2011-07-26 2013-05-27 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Российский Федеральный ядерный центр - Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт экспериментальной физики" - ФГУП "РФЯЦ-ВНИИЭФ" Пиротехнический состав

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2744816A (en) * 1947-10-10 1956-05-08 Ici Ltd Solid gas-generating charges
US3558285A (en) * 1969-10-01 1971-01-26 Us Army Propellant gas generator
US3711115A (en) * 1970-11-24 1973-01-16 Allied Chem Pyrotechnic gas generator
US3785149A (en) * 1972-06-08 1974-01-15 Specialty Prod Dev Corp Method for filling a bag with water vapor and carbon dioxide gas
US3787010A (en) * 1973-04-06 1974-01-22 Us Army Inflating apparatus
US3862866A (en) * 1971-08-02 1975-01-28 Specialty Products Dev Corp Gas generator composition and method
US5380380A (en) * 1994-02-09 1995-01-10 Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. Ignition compositions for inflator gas generators
US5854442A (en) * 1995-03-31 1998-12-29 Atlantic Research Corporation Gas generator compositions
US20020108686A1 (en) * 2001-02-12 2002-08-15 Trw Inc. Ignition material for an igniter
US20030024618A1 (en) * 2000-02-04 2003-02-06 Jianzhou Wu Gas-generating agent composition comprising triazine derivative
US20040069383A1 (en) * 1998-02-25 2004-04-15 Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki-Kaisha Gas generating composition
US20040232679A1 (en) * 2001-08-09 2004-11-25 Dairi Kubo Gas generator
US20070113940A1 (en) * 2005-06-30 2007-05-24 Burns Sean P Autoignition compositions

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3215925C2 (de) 1982-04-29 1985-11-28 Bayern-Chemie Gesellschaft für flugchemische Antriebe mbH, 8261 Aschau Aufwickelvorrichtung mit Rückstrammer für Sicherheitsgurte
CA1221074A (fr) 1982-11-29 1987-04-28 Takayuki Ando Rappel de sangle
JPH0624294A (ja) 1992-07-08 1994-02-01 Takata Kk シートベルト装置のプリテンショナ
US5553803A (en) 1994-09-13 1996-09-10 Takata Vehicle Safety Technology Gmbh Belt tensioner for safety belts for motor vehicles
DE4432594A1 (de) 1994-09-13 1996-03-14 Takata Europ Gmbh Gurtstraffer bei Sicherheitsgurtanordnungen in Kraftfahrzeugen
DE19503150A1 (de) 1995-02-01 1996-08-08 Takata Europ Gmbh Einen Gurtstraffer aufweisende Sicherheitsgurtanordnung in Kraftfahrzeugen
WO2000068043A1 (fr) 1999-05-11 2000-11-16 Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. Dispositif de gonflage possedant deux chambres
DE60105351T2 (de) 2000-02-04 2005-09-29 Automotive Systems Laboratory Inc., Farmington Hills Sicherheitsgurtroller
EP1278662B1 (fr) 2000-05-02 2008-03-12 Automotive Systems Laboratory Inc. Gonfleur
US6659500B2 (en) 2000-05-11 2003-12-09 Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. Multi-chamber inflator
US6505790B2 (en) 2000-06-05 2003-01-14 Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. Pretensioner device
US6749219B2 (en) 2001-09-12 2004-06-15 Automotive Systems Laboratory Inflator
US6752421B2 (en) 2002-01-03 2004-06-22 Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. Airbag inflator

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2744816A (en) * 1947-10-10 1956-05-08 Ici Ltd Solid gas-generating charges
US3558285A (en) * 1969-10-01 1971-01-26 Us Army Propellant gas generator
US3711115A (en) * 1970-11-24 1973-01-16 Allied Chem Pyrotechnic gas generator
US3862866A (en) * 1971-08-02 1975-01-28 Specialty Products Dev Corp Gas generator composition and method
US3785149A (en) * 1972-06-08 1974-01-15 Specialty Prod Dev Corp Method for filling a bag with water vapor and carbon dioxide gas
US3787010A (en) * 1973-04-06 1974-01-22 Us Army Inflating apparatus
US5380380A (en) * 1994-02-09 1995-01-10 Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. Ignition compositions for inflator gas generators
US5854442A (en) * 1995-03-31 1998-12-29 Atlantic Research Corporation Gas generator compositions
US20040069383A1 (en) * 1998-02-25 2004-04-15 Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki-Kaisha Gas generating composition
US20030024618A1 (en) * 2000-02-04 2003-02-06 Jianzhou Wu Gas-generating agent composition comprising triazine derivative
US20020108686A1 (en) * 2001-02-12 2002-08-15 Trw Inc. Ignition material for an igniter
US20040232679A1 (en) * 2001-08-09 2004-11-25 Dairi Kubo Gas generator
US20070113940A1 (en) * 2005-06-30 2007-05-24 Burns Sean P Autoignition compositions

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070113940A1 (en) * 2005-06-30 2007-05-24 Burns Sean P Autoignition compositions
US8784585B2 (en) 2005-06-30 2014-07-22 Tk Holdings Inc. Autoignition compositions
US20070034307A1 (en) * 2005-07-29 2007-02-15 Hordos Deborah L Autoignition/booster composition
US9162933B1 (en) 2007-04-24 2015-10-20 Tk Holding Inc. Auto-ignition composition
US9556078B1 (en) 2008-04-07 2017-01-31 Tk Holdings Inc. Gas generator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2008076441A1 (fr) 2008-06-26
JP2010513186A (ja) 2010-04-30
DE112007002820T5 (de) 2009-10-22

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
KR0126287B1 (ko) 기체 발생제 조성물
US6287400B1 (en) Gas generant composition
US20060219340A1 (en) Gas generating system
US20080078486A1 (en) Gas generating system and composition
US20070084531A1 (en) Gas generant
US20080217894A1 (en) Micro-gas generation
US20070034307A1 (en) Autoignition/booster composition
US20140332125A1 (en) Autoignition Compositions
US20080271825A1 (en) Gas generant
US5936195A (en) Gas generating composition with exploded aluminum powder
US20080149232A1 (en) Gas generant compositions
JP6560476B1 (ja) 改善されたブースター組成物
US7950691B1 (en) Inflator body with adapter form end
CA2420272A1 (fr) Inflammation spontanee de generateurs de gaz
US8002915B2 (en) Gas generant compositions
US8657974B1 (en) Gas generator
JP2008174441A (ja) ガス生成システムおよび組成物
US8496766B1 (en) Gas generant with auto-ignition function
US8728259B1 (en) Gas generator
US20070169863A1 (en) Autoignition main gas generant
US8282750B1 (en) Gas generant with auto-ignition function
US10919818B1 (en) Auto-ignition composition
US20110057429A1 (en) Gas generating system and composition
US8241444B1 (en) Gas generant composition
CN114988974A (zh) 改进的增压组合物

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: TK HOLDINGS, INC., MICHIGAN

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:NEWELL, JASON;REEL/FRAME:020620/0242

Effective date: 20071217

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION