Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
  • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
  • C10M133/38—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
  • C10M133/44—Five-membered ring containing nitrogen and carbon only
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2215/08—Amides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
  • C10N2030/42—Phosphor free or low phosphor content compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/02—Bearings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
  • C10N2040/252—Diesel engines

Definitions

• the present disclosure is directed to additive and lubricant compositions and methods for use thereof. More particularly, this invention is directed to an additive composition comprising a triazole compound.
• Lead and lead alloys are known for use in many types of engines and other machines.
• lead alloys are known for use in bearings used in many applications, including main bearings used in spark ignition and compression-ignition internal combustion engines, also referred to as diesel engines.
• Lubricants employed in lead containing engines have been observed to cause undesirable lead corrosion. While lead corrosion inhibitors are known for reducing lead corrosion caused by these lubricant formulations, lead corrosion can still be problematic. Accordingly, novel lead corrosion inhibitors are desirable in the art for providing improved lead corrosion protection.
• Metal corrosion in general can be a particular problem in diesel engines.
• the various types of diesel engines are the medium speed diesel engines, which are used in applications where thousands of horsepower (e.g., 2000 to 10,000 horsepower) are needed. Typically, these engines run at a speed of about 100 to 1,200 rpm. This demanding environment results in oxidation of the oil, which can result in corrosion of the metals present in the engine.
• Some medium speed diesel engines also have silver parts, such as silver bearings.
• lubricating compositions intended for use in medium speed diesel engines are often formulated with specialized silver protecting agents in order that silver bearings in the engine are not attacked either by the additives in the oil or by the decomposition products produced during extended engine operation.
• Such agents often referred to as silver lubricity agents, protect against extreme pressure, wear and corrosion.
• a typical engine lubricating composition might comprise, for example, detergents, dispersants, antioxidants, foam inhibitors, rust inhibitors, extreme pressure agents and antiwear agents.
• the most commonly used extreme pressure and antiwear agents are sulfur-containing agents, such as zinc dialkyldithiophosphates (ZDDP).
• ZDDP zinc dialkyldithiophosphates
• lubricant compositions that can provide oxidation protection and in some cases can be essentially free of these potentially damaging sulfur-containing extreme pressure or antiwear agents, such as ZDDP, while at the same time providing protection against corrosion of metals, such as lead.
• one aspect of the present application is directed to an additive package composition.
• the additive package composition comprises a diluent and a hydrocarbyl substituted triazole compound, with the proviso that the triazole compound is not an alkyl bis-3-amino-1,2,4-triazole or an oleyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-amine, and with the further proviso that the composition is substantially free of compounds containing phosphorus.
• the lubricant composition comprises a major amount of a base oil and a minor amount of a hydrocarbyl substituted triazole compound, with the proviso that the triazole compound is not an alkyl bis-3-amino-1,2,4-triazole or an oleyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-amine, and with the further proviso that the composition is substantially free of compounds containing phosphorus.
• Another aspect of the present application is directed to a method of improving lead corrosion protection of a lubricant composition.
• the method comprises providing to a machine a lubricant composition comprising a major amount of a base oil and a minor amount of a triazole compound, with the proviso that the triazole compound is not an alkyl bis-3-amino-1 2,4-triazole or an oleyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-amine, and with the further proviso that the composition is substantially free of compounds containing phosphorus.
• the lubricant composition provides improved lead corrosion protection as compared to the same composition that is devoid of the triazole compound, where both compositions are employed under the same machine operating conditions over the same period of time.
• Another aspect of the present application is directed to a method for operating a machine.
• the method comprises providing to a machine a lubricant composition comprising a major amount of a base oil and a minor amount of a triazole compound, with the proviso that the triazole compound is not an alkyl bis-3-amino-1,2,4-triazole or an oleyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-amine, and with the further proviso that the composition is substantially free of compounds containing phosphorus.
• Another aspect of the present application is directed to a method of lubricating at least one moving part of a machine.
• the method comprises contacting the at least one moving part with a lubricant composition comprising a major amount of a base oil and a minor amount of a triazole compound, with the proviso that the triazole compound is not an alkyl bis-3-amino-1,2,4-triazole or an oleyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-amine, and with the further proviso that the composition is substantially free of compounds containing phosphorus.
• the present disclosure generally relates to a lubricant composition
• a lubricant composition comprising a major amount of a base oil and a minor amount of a hydrocarbyl substituted triazole compound, with the proviso that the triazole compound is not alkyl bis-3-amino-1,2,4-triazole or an oleyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-amine.
• the composition is also substantially free of compounds containing phosphorus, as will be discussed in greater detail below.
• the triazole compounds of the present application can offer one or more of the following benefits to lubricant compositions, including: increased oxidation protection, decreased lead corrosion, decreased silver corrosion and decreased copper corrosion.
• the term “major amount” is understood to mean an amount greater than or equal to 50 wt. %, for example from about 80 to about 98 wt. % relative to the total weight of the composition. Moreover, as used herein, the term “minor amount” is understood to mean an amount less than 50 wt. % relative to the total weight of the composition.
• a triazole compound suitable for use in the compositions of the present disclosure can be any hydrocarbyl substituted triazole compound, with the exception of an alkyl bis-3-amino-1,2,4-triazole and an oleyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-amine.
• the triazole compound is a 1,2,3-triazole compound. In other embodiments the triazole compound is a 1,2,4-triazole compound.
• Suitable non-limiting examples of the 1,2,4-triazole compound include compounds of formula I:
• R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently chosen from hydrogen and hydrocarbyl groups.
• suitable hydrocarbyl groups include linear, branched or cyclic groups chosen from alkyl groups, alkyl amine groups, alkenyl groups, alkenyl amine groups, and aryl groups.
• R 1 is a linear or branched hydrocarbyl group and R 2 and R 3 are hydrogen.
• the triazole can be a compound of formula II,
• R′ and R′′ are independently chosen from hydrogen and hydrocarbyl groups, with the proviso that at least one of R′ and R′′ is not hydrogen.
• suitable hydrocarbyl groups include C 2 to C 50 linear, branched or cyclic alkyl groups; C 2 to C 50 linear, branched or cyclic alkenyl groups; and substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups, such as phenyl groups, tolyl groups and xylyl groups.
• triazole compound suitable for use herein is a triazole of the compound of formula II, wherein both R′ and R′′ are chosen from linear or branched C 4 to C 12 alkyl groups, such as isobutyl groups, 2-ethyl hexyl groups, 2-ethyl heptyl groups, and 3 propyl heptyl groups.
• R′ and R′′ are chosen from linear or branched C 4 to C 12 alkyl groups, such as isobutyl groups, 2-ethyl hexyl groups, 2-ethyl heptyl groups, and 3 propyl heptyl groups.
• One such suitable compound can be commercially obtained from Ciba under the tradename Irgamet® 30.
• hydrocarbyl group or “hydrocarbyl” is used in its ordinary sense, which is well-known to those skilled in the art. Specifically, it refers to a group having a carbon atom directly attached to the remainder of a molecule and having a predominantly hydrocarbon character. Examples of hydrocarbyl groups include:
• the hydrocarbyl substituted triazole compound can be present in the lubricant compositions in any effective amount, which can be readily determined by one of ordinary skill in the art.
• lubricating compositions of the present application can comprise from about 0.005 wt. % to about 0.5 wt. %, or greater, and for example from about 0.01 wt. % to about 0.1 wt. %, of the triazole compound, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
• the lubricant composition of the present disclosure can comprise from about 0.02 wt. % to about 0.05 wt. % of the triazole compound, relative to the total weight of the lubricant composition.
• the lubricant compositions disclosed herein can optionally contain additives, such as dispersants, ash-containing detergents, ashless-detergents, pour point depressing agents, viscosity index improving agents, friction modifying agents, extreme pressure agents, rust inhibitors, supplemental antioxidants, supplemental corrosion inhibitors, anti-foam agents, and combinations thereof.
• additives such as dispersants, ash-containing detergents, ashless-detergents, pour point depressing agents, viscosity index improving agents, friction modifying agents, extreme pressure agents, rust inhibitors, supplemental antioxidants, supplemental corrosion inhibitors, anti-foam agents, and combinations thereof.
• the optional additives can include supplemental corrosion inhibitors.
• supplemental corrosion inhibitors include silver protectants, such as the aminoguanidine monooleamide compounds taught, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,948,523, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
• Another example of supplemental corrosion inhibitors/dispersants that can be included in the compositions of the present application could include a second triazole compound that is different from the triazole compounds of the present application.
• a suitable second triazole compound is the bis-3-amino-1,2,4-triazole compounds taught, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos.
• the lubricant compositions of the present application can be essentially free, such as devoid, of compounds containing free active sulfur.
• active sulfur is defined as sulfur containing compounds which would substantially react with machine parts to form metal sulfides at normal engine running temperatures ranging from about 100° C. to below about 400° C. Active sulfur is distinguished from non-active sulfur, which does not substantially react at temperatures under 400° C., but which may sufficiently react to form metal sulfides at temperatures above 400° C. so as to protect engine parts under extreme pressure conditions, or where boundary conditions exist.
• temperatures significantly above 400° can occur at various positions in engines that typically operate at lower temperatures, such as below 400° C., due to these boundary regions and extreme pressure regions.
• boundary regions and extreme pressure regions can occur, for example, when a particular engine part, such as a bearing, is placed under load.
• Non-active sulfur compounds can be employed that will react to protect engine parts as these higher temperatures, while not substantially reacting at the generally lower engine operating temperatures.
• ZDDP zinc dialkyldithiophosphate
• the lubricant compositions of the present application are substantially free, such as devoid, of compounds containing phosphorus.
• the compositions of the present application can be substantially free of compounds containing boron. It can be desirable to omit phosphorus and/or boron containing compounds from formulations of the present application so that these elements can be used as markers to indicate lubricant contamination.
• railroad engine oils are generally formulated to be free of phosphorus and boron. While in use, the oils are periodically checked for phosphorus and/or boron, the presence of which can indicate that the oil has been contaminated with e.g., ZDDP or, in the case of boron, boron containing coolants, during engine operation.
• the phosphorus and/or boron act as markers to indicate contamination of the lubricant.
• substantially free is meant that the composition comprises only trace amounts of phosphorus and/or boron, so that concentrations of these elements will have substantially no effect on the ability of phosphorus and boron to be used as markers.
• Base oils suitable for use in formulating the disclosed compositions can be selected from any of the synthetic or mineral oils or mixtures thereof.
• Mineral oils include animal oils and vegetable oils (e.g., castor oil, lard oil) as well as other mineral lubricating oils such as liquid petroleum oils and solvent treated or acid-treated mineral lubricating oils of the paraffinic, naphthenic or mixed paraffinic-naphthenic types. Oils derived from coal or shale are also suitable. Further, oils derived from a gas-to-liquid process are also suitable.
• the base oil can be present in a major amount, wherein “major amount” is understood to mean greater than or equal to 50%, for example from about 80 to about 98 percent by weight of the lubricant composition.
• the base oil can have any desired viscosity that is suitable for the intended purpose.
• suitable engine oil kinematic viscosities can range from about 2 to about 150 cSt and, as a further example, from about 5 to about 15 cSt at 100° C.
• base oils can be rated to have viscosity ranges of about SAE 15 to about SAE 250, and as a further example, from about SAE 20W to about SAE 50.
• Suitable automotive oils also include multi-grade oils such as 15W-40, 20W-50, 75W-140, 80W-90, 85W-140, 85W-90, and the like.
• Non-limiting examples of synthetic oils include hydrocarbon oils such as polymerized and interpolymerized olefins (e.g., polybutylenes, polypropylenes, propylene isobutylene copolymers, etc.); polyalphaolefins such as poly(1-hexenes), poly-(1-octenes), poly(1-decenes), etc.
• hydrocarbon oils such as polymerized and interpolymerized olefins (e.g., polybutylenes, polypropylenes, propylene isobutylene copolymers, etc.); polyalphaolefins such as poly(1-hexenes), poly-(1-octenes), poly(1-decenes), etc.
• alkylbenzenes e.g., dodecylbenzenes, tetradecylbenzenes, di-nonylbenzenes, di-(2-ethylhexyl)benzenes, etc.
• polyphenyls e.g., biphenyls, terphenyl, alkylated polyphenyls, etc.
• Alkylene oxide polymers and interpolymers and derivatives thereof where the terminal hydroxyl groups have been modified by esterification, etherification, etc. constitute another class of known synthetic oils that can be used.
• Such oils are exemplified by the oils prepared through polymerization of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, the alkyl and aryl ethers of these polyoxyalkylene polymers (e.g., methyl-polyisopropylene glycol ether having an average molecular weight of about 1000, diphenyl ether of polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of about 500-1000, diethyl ether of polypropylene glycol having a molecular weight of about 1000-1500, etc.) or mono- and polycarboxylic esters thereof, for example, the acetic acid esters, mixed C 3-8 fatty acid esters, or the C 13 Oxo acid diester of tetraethylene glycol.
• esters of dicarboxylic acids e.g., phthalic acid, succinic acid, alkyl succinic acids, alkenyl succinic acids, maleic acid, azelaic acid, suberic acid, sebacic acid, fumaric acid, adipic acid, linoleic acid dimer, malonic acid, alkyl malonic acids, alkenyl malonic acids, etc.
• alcohols e.g., butyl alcohol, hexyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monoether, propylene glycol, etc.
• these esters include dibutyl adipate, di(2-ethylhexyl)sebacate, di-n-hexyl fumarate, dioctyl sebacate, diisooctyl azelate, diisodecy
• Esters useful as synthetic oils also include those made from C 5-12 monocarboxylic acids and polyols and polyol ethers such as neopentyl glycol, trimethylol propane, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, etc.
• the base oil used which can be used to make the compositions as described herein can be selected from any of the base oils in Groups I-V as specified in the American Petroleum Institute (API) Base Oil Interchangeability Guidelines.
• Such base oil groups are as follows:
• Group I contain less than 90% saturates and/or greater than 0.03% sulfur and have a viscosity index greater than or equal to 80 and less than 120;
• Group II contain greater than or equal to 90% saturates and less than or equal to 0.03% sulfur and have a viscosity index greater than or equal to 80 and less than 120;
• Group III contain greater than or equal to 90% saturates and less than or equal to 0.03% sulfur and have a viscosity index greater than or equal to 120;
• Group IV are polyalphaolefins (PAO); and
• Group V include all other basestocks not included in Group I, II, III or IV.
• test methods used in defining the above groups are ASTM D2007 for saturates; ASTM D2270 for viscosity index; and one of ASTM D2622, 4294, 4927 and 3120 for sulfur.
• Group IV basestocks i.e. polyalphaolefins (PAO) include hydrogenated oligomers of an alpha-olefin, the most important methods of oligomerisation being free radical processes, Ziegler catalysis, and cationic, Friedel-Crafts catalysis.
• PAO polyalphaolefins
• the polyalphaolefins typically have viscosities in the range of 2 to 100 cSt at 100° C., for example 4 to 8 cSt at 100° C. They can, for example, be oligomers of branched or straight chain alpha-olefins having from about 2 to about 30 carbon atoms, non-limiting examples include polypropenes, polyisobutenes, poly-1-butenes, poly-1-hexenes, poly-1-octenes and poly-1-decene. Included are homopolymers, interpolymers and mixtures.
• a “Group I basestock” also includes a Group I basestock with which basestock(s) from one or more other groups can be admixed, provided that the resulting admixture has characteristics failing within those specified above for Group I basestocks.
• Exemplary basestocks include Group I basestocks and mixtures of Group II basestocks with Group I bright stock.
• Basestocks suitable for use herein can be made using a variety of different processes including but not limited to distillation, solvent refining, hydrogen processing, oligomerisation, esterification, and re-refining.
• the base oil can be an oil derived from Fischer-Tropsch synthesized hydrocarbons.
• Fischer-Tropsch synthesized hydrocarbons can be made from synthesis gas containing H 2 and CO using a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst.
• Such hydrocarbons typically require further processing in order to be useful as the base oil.
• the hydrocarbons can be hydroisomerized using processes disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,103,099 or 6,180,575; hydrocracked and hydroisomerized using processes disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,943,672 or 6,096,940; dewaxed using processes disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,882,505; or hydroisomerized and dewaxed using processes disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,013,171; 6,080,301; or 6,165,949.
• Unrefined, refined and rerefined oils either mineral or synthetic (as well as mixtures of two or more of any of these) of the type disclosed hereinabove can be used in the base oils.
• Unrefined oils are those obtained directly from a mineral or synthetic source without further purification treatment.
• a shale oil obtained directly from retorting operations a petroleum oil obtained directly from primary distillation or ester oil obtained directly from an esterification process and used without further treatment would be an unrefined oil.
• Refined oils are similar to the unrefined oils except they have been further treated in one or more purification steps to improve one or more properties.
• Rerefined oils are obtained by processes similar to those used to obtain refined oils applied to refined oils which have been already used in service. Such rerefined oils are also known as reclaimed or reprocessed oils and often are additionally processed by techniques directed to removal of spent additives, contaminants, and oil breakdown products.
• the compounds of the present application can be added to a lubricant composition in the form of a lubricant additive package composition.
• a lubricant additive package composition These are concentrates dissolved in a diluent, such as mineral oil, synthetic hydrocarbon oils, and mixtures thereof.
• the additive package composition can provide an effective concentration of the additives in the base oil.
• the amount of the hydrocarbyl substituted triazole compounds of the present application in the additive package can vary from about 0.05 wt % to about 5 wt %, or greater, of the additive package, such as from about 0.1 wt % to about 0.5 wt %.
• the additive compositions can be formulated to include any of the optional additives discussed in the present application.
• the optional additives discussed herein for medium speed diesel engines can also be employed.
• the term “improving lead corrosion protection” is understood to mean enhancing the lead corrosion protection that a composition can provide to a machine, as compared to the same composition that is devoid of the triazole compound of the present application, where both compositions are employed under the same machine operating conditions over the same period of time.
• the method of improving lead corrosion protection can comprise providing to a machine a lubricant composition comprising a major amount of a base oil; and a minor amount of a triazole compound of the present application.
• the machine is a diesel engine, such as a medium speed diesel engine.
• a method of lubricating at least one moving part of a machine comprising contacting at least one moving part with a lubricant composition comprising a major amount of a base oil and a minor amount of the disclosed triazole compound of the present application.
• a method for operating a machine comprising adding a lubricant composition comprising a major amount of a base oil and a minor amount of the disclosed triazole compound of the present application.
• the machine in the disclosed methods can be selected from the group consisting of spark ignition and compression-ignition internal combustion engines, including diesel engines, marine engines, rotary engines, turbine engines, locomotive engines, propulsion engines, aviation piston engines, stationary power generation engines, continuous power generation engines, engines comprising silver parts, and engines comprising lead parts.
• the at least one moving part can comprise a gear, piston, bearing, rod, spring, camshaft, crankshaft, and the like
• the lubricant composition can be any composition that would be effective in lubricating a machine.
• the composition is selected from the group consisting of medium speed diesel engine oils, passenger car motor oils and heavy duty diesel engine oils.
• the composition is a medium speed diesel engine oil.
• Lubricant compositions that were substantially free of phosphorus and boron, as well as essentially free of zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP) and other compounds containing active sulfur, were tested for their ability to protect against lead and copper uptake, viscosity increase and oxidation. All example lubricant compositions below include a base oil that was identified as being a “severe” mineral oil base stock for lead pickup.
• Example 1 included 0.20 wt. % of a 1,2,4-triazole compound (Irgamet® 30, from Ciba),; a commercial, ZDDP free Additive Package 1 containing an aminoguanidine monooleamide (AGMO) having an unsaturated alkyl group; and base oil.
• Irgamet® 30, from Ciba a 1,2,4-triazole compound
• AGMO aminoguanidine monooleamide
• Example 2 included 0.20 wt. % of the 1,2,4-triazole compound of Example 1; Additive Package 1 containing an AGMO compound of similar to that of Example I, except that is had a saturated alkyl group; and base oil.
• Example 1 included 0.20 wt. % of the 1,2,4-triazole compound of Example I; Additive Package 1 without an AGMO compound; and base oil.
• Example 1 The formulation of Example 1 without a 1,2,4-triazole compound.
• Example 2 The formulation of Example 2 without a 1,2,4-triazole compound.
• Example 3 The formulation of Example 3 without a 1,2,4-triazole compound.
• Comparison Example 4 included a commercially available, ZDDP free Additive Package 2 that is different from Additive Package 1, and base oil.
• the seven lubricant compositions were subjected an Ethyl Oxidation Test. Oxygen was bubbled through a test tube containing iron, copper and lead coupons suspended in one of the lubricant compositions of Examples 1 to 3 or Comparative Examples 1 to 4. An air condenser retained most of the volatiles, and the lubricant composition was sampled and analyzed every 24 hours.
• the used lubricant compositions were evaluated for oxidation control by methods well known in the art for measuring kinematic viscosity increase; infrared carbonyl absorptions of the oil oxidation products; oil lead content; and oil copper content.
• example compositions 1, 2 and 3 each illustrate a lower viscosity increase compared with Comparative Examples 1A, 2A and 3A, indicating that the 1,2,4-triazole compound of the example compositions improved the oxidation stability of the lubricant compositions.
• example compositions 1 and 2 had a lower viscosity increase
• example 3 had a comparable viscosity increase, when compared with Comparative Example 4, also indicating good oxidation stability performance by the 1,2,4-triazole compound formulations.
• example compositions 1, 2 and 3 each illustrated a lower carbonyl absorption compared with Comparative Examples 1A, 2A and 3A, indicating that the 1,2,4-triazole compound of the example compositions increased the oxidation protection of the lubricant compositions.
• example compositions 1 and 2 had a lower carbonyl absorption
• example 3 had a comparable carbonyl absorption, when compared with Comparative Example 4, also indicating good oxidation protection performance by the triazole compound formulations.
• Tables 3 and 4 show test data for lead and copper content of the example formulations above.
• the example compositions 1, 2 and 3 each illustrated a substantially lower lead and copper content compared with Comparative Examples 1A, 2A and 3A, indicating that the 1,2,4-triazole compound of the example compositions acted as an effective lead and copper corrosion inhibitor in the lubricant compositions.
• example compositions 1 and 2 had a substantially lower lead and copper content when compared with Comparative Example 4A, also indicating good lead and copper corrosion protection by the 1,2,4-triazole compound formulations of the present application.
• Table 5 shows the actual lead loss from the metallic coupons used in the above Ethyl Oxidation Test after 120 hours. This data indicates that the example compositions containing the 1,2,4-triazole compound provided excellent lead protection compared to the comparative compositions.
• Example 5 included 0.025 wt. % of a 1,2,4-triazole compound (Irgamet® 30 from Ciba); a commercial, ZDDP free Additive Package 1 containing an aminoguanidine monooleamide (AGMO) having an unsaturated alkyl group; and base oil.
• Irgamet® 30 from Ciba
• AGMO aminoguanidine monooleamide
• Example 5 The formulation of Example 5 without a 1,2,4-triazole compound.
• Comparison Example 4 included a commercially available, ZDDP free Additive Package 2 that is different from Additive Package 1, and base oil.
• the lubricant compositions of Examples 5, 5A and 6A were subjected to an Ethyl Oxidation Test. Oxygen was bubbled through a test tube containing one of three different sample portions of a GE medium speed diesel engine bearing.
• the GE bearings had a multi-layered construction with the top layer being a very thin lead/tin alloy (90% lead, 10% tin); a second layer underlying the top layer comprising a copper/tin/lead alloy (2.5 wt % copper, 10 wt % tin, 87.5 wt % lead); and a third layer underlying the second layer, the third layer having a heterogeneous composition of 25wt % lead in a bronze alloy (70+wt % copper, 2+wt % tin).
• bearing portion 1 which had only the top lead/tin alloy layer exposed
• Bearing portion 2 (B2), from which the top lead/tin alloy layer was removed, so that only the second copper/tin/lead alloy layer was exposed
• Bearing portion 3 (B3), from which the top lead/tin alloy layer and the second copper/tin/lead alloy layers were removed, so that only the third heterogeneous layer was exposed.
• Each bearing portion type B1, B2 and B3 was tested in all three lubricant compositions of Examples 5, 5A and 6A above by suspending a bearing portion of each type in a test tube containing one of the lubricant compositions of Examples 5, 5A and 6A.
• a lead coupon was also tested in the same composition used to test each bearing portion, the results of which are reported in Table 6 as “Associated Lead Coupons for B1, B2, B3.”
• An air condenser retained most of the volatiles, and the lubricant composition was sampled and analyzed every 24 hours.
• the used lubricant compositions were evaluated for oxidation control by methods well known in the art for measuring kinematic viscosity increase; infrared carbonyl absorptions of the oil oxidation products; oil lead content; and oil copper content. Results are shown in Tables 6 to 9 below.
• Table 6 shows test data for used oil lead content of the example formulations 5, 5A and 6A above. As shown in Table 6, example composition 5 demonstrated a substantially lower lead content compared with Comparative Examples 5A and 6A, indicating that the 1,2,4-triazole compound of the example compositions acted as an effective lead corrosion inhibitor in the lubricant compositions at the 0.025% concentrations used.
• Example Composition 5 containing the 1,2,4-triazole compound provided excellent lead protection compared to the comparative compositions.
• Example 5A Example 6A Associated Associated Associated Lead Lead Coupons Lead Coupons for for for B1 B2 B3 B1, B2, B3 B1 B2 B3 B1, B2, B3 B1 B2 B3 B1, B2, B3 Lead Weight 2.8 4.0 13.7 183, 369, 80 5.5 5.7 39.3 427, 647, 381 6.9 6.6 56.1 1121, 1575, 455 Loss (mgs @ 120 hrs)
• example composition 5 demonstrated a lower viscosity increase compared with Comparative Example 5A, indicating that the 1,2,4-triazole compound of the example compositions improved the oxidation stability of the lubricant compositions.
• example composition 5 had a lower viscosity increase when compared with Comparative Example 6A, also indicating good oxidation stability performance by the triazole compound formulations.
• Example 5 Example 5A
• Example 6A Associated Associated Associated Lead Lead Lead Coupons for Coupons for Coupons for Coupons for B1 B2 B3 B1, B2, B3 B1 B2 B3 B1, B2, B3 B1 B2 B3 B1, B2, B3 % 10.1 9.9 8.6 10.0, 9.9, 9.3 12.7 16.9 11.9 12.5, 14.7, 15.5 16.2 10.2 15.6, 20.5, 11.0 Viscosity 13.3 Increase @ 120 hours
• example composition 5 demonstrated a lower carbonyl absorption compared with Comparative Example 5A, indicating that the 1,2,4-triazole compound of the example compositions increased the oxidation protection of the lubricant compositions.
• example compositions 5 had a lower carbonyl absorption when compared with Comparative Example 6A, also indicating good oxidation protection.
• Example 5 Example 5A
• Example 6A Associated Associated Associated Lead Lead Coupons Lead Coupons Coupons for for for B1 B2 B3 B1, B2, B3 B1 B2 B3 B1, B2, B3 B1 B2 B3 B1, B2, B3 carbonyl 21 20 17 21, 19, 19 28 37 25 25, 27, 27 51 51 34 49, 58, 36 absorption Abs/cm @ 1710 cm ⁇ 1 @ 120 hours

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)

Priority Applications (7)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Related Child Applications (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=39016436

Family Applications (2)

Family Applications After (1)

Country Status (6)

Cited By (3)

Families Citing this family (4)

Citations (39)

Family Cites Families (21)

• 2006
  • 2006-12-11 US US11/609,140 patent/US20080139425A1/en not_active Abandoned
• 2007
  • 2007-08-21 US US11/842,729 patent/US20080139426A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2007-11-21 DE DE102007055680A patent/DE102007055680A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2007-11-29 JP JP2007308395A patent/JP2008144165A/ja not_active Withdrawn
  • 2007-12-06 FR FR0759607A patent/FR2910020A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2007-12-11 GB GB0724188A patent/GB2444845A/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2007-12-11 CN CNA2007101989834A patent/CN101348746A/zh active Pending

Patent Citations (40)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events