US20060156758A1 - Operating system of liquefied natural gas ship for sub-cooling and liquefying boil-off gas - Google Patents

Operating system of liquefied natural gas ship for sub-cooling and liquefying boil-off gas Download PDF

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Publication number
US20060156758A1
US20060156758A1 US11/184,282 US18428205A US2006156758A1 US 20060156758 A1 US20060156758 A1 US 20060156758A1 US 18428205 A US18428205 A US 18428205A US 2006156758 A1 US2006156758 A1 US 2006156758A1
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liquefied natural
natural gas
phase separator
boil
pipe
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Abandoned
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US11/184,282
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English (en)
Inventor
Hyung-Su An
Nam-Su Kim
Jin-Yeol Yun
Hyun-Jin Kim
Hyun-ki Park
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Priority claimed from KR1020050004649A external-priority patent/KR100638925B1/ko
Priority claimed from KR1020050004650A external-priority patent/KR100638924B1/ko
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of US20060156758A1 publication Critical patent/US20060156758A1/en
Priority to US12/001,146 priority Critical patent/US20080120993A1/en
Priority to US12/688,411 priority patent/US8256230B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F25J1/0025—Boil-off gases "BOG" from storages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/005—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by expansion of a gaseous refrigerant stream with extraction of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
    • F25J1/007—Primary atmospheric gases, mixtures thereof
    • F25J1/0072—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0203—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0208—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle in combination with an internal quasi-closed refrigeration loop, e.g. with deep flash recycle loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
    • F25J1/0277—Offshore use, e.g. during shipping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0292—Refrigerant compression by cold or cryogenic suction of the refrigerant gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/02—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/30—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using a washing, e.g. "scrubbing" or bubble column for purification purposes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/04—Mixing or blending of fluids with the feed stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
    • F25J2220/62—Separating low boiling components, e.g. He, H2, N2, Air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/08—Cold compressor, i.e. suction of the gas at cryogenic temperature and generally without afterstage-cooler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/60—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams the fluid being hydrocarbons or a mixture of hydrocarbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/02—Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being nitrogen

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an operating system of a liquefied natural gas ship for sub-cooling and liquefying boil-off gas, and more particularly, to an operating system of a liquefied natural gas ship for sub-cooling and liquefying boil-off gas in which a re-liquefaction system of boil-off gas in a liquefied natural gas ship is modified into an efficient sub-cooling and liquefaction structure so that power consumption is reduced, operation is simply performed, and economic efficiency can be achieved.
  • boil-off gas generated from a cargo tank is re-liquefied into liquefied natural gas using a re-liquefaction system installed in a compressor and motor room of a liquefied natural gas ship, and the re-liquefied boil-off gas is returned back to the cargo tank.
  • the re-liquefaction system There are several basic operating systems in the re-liquefaction system, such as partial liquefaction, saturated liquefaction, sub-cooled liquefaction, and the like.
  • the sub-cooled liquefaction is superior to the others in view of power consumption, simple operation, etc., and the present invention provides an operating system for sub-cooled liquefaction of boil-off gas adapted to have a more efficient structure.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above and/or other problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an operating system of a liquefied natural gas ship for sub-cooling and liquefying boil-off gas in which a re-liquefaction system of boil-off gas in a liquefied natural gas ship is modified into an efficient sub-cooling and liquefaction structure so that power consumption is reduced, operation is simply performed, and economical efficiency can be achieved.
  • an operating system of a liquefied natural gas ship for performing sub-cooled liquefaction of boil-off gas for re-liquefaction including a boil-off gas compressor, a cryogenic heat exchanger connected to a refrigerator system, and a first check valve and a first pressure control valve, installed in a pipe connecting a liquefied natural gas phase separator with a gas combustion unit, the operating system further including: a parallel pipe connected to the pipe for connecting the liquefied natural gas phase separator with the first check valve in parallel and having the same structure as that of the pipe in which the first check valve and the first pressure control valve are installed; a second check valve installed in the parallel pipe and preventing reverse flow of gas generated when pressure of the pipe is abnormally increased; and a second pressure control valve installed in the parallel pipe and maintaining a predetermined pressure of the liquefied natural gas phase separator by adjusting a quantity of boil-off gas generated by the boil-off gas compressor such that the lique
  • an operating system of a liquefied natural gas ship for performing sub-cooled liquefaction of boil-off gas for re-liquefaction including a boil-off gas compressor, a cryogenic heat exchanger connected to a refrigerator system, and a first check valve and a first pressure control valve, installed in a pipe connecting a liquefied natural gas phase separator with a gas combustion unit, the operating system further including: a parallel pipe connected to the pipe for connecting the liquefied natural gas phase separator with the first check valve in parallel and having the same structure as that of the pipe in which the first check valve and the first pressure control valve are installed; a nitrogen generator connected to the parallel pipe and installed in a machinery space of the liquefied natural gas ship and to supply nitrogen gas to the liquefied natural gas phase separator, operated under the sub-cooling condition, for the purpose of maintaining a predetermined pressure of the liquefied natural gas phase separator; a second check valve for preventing reverse
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram illustrating an operating system for performing sub-cooled liquefaction of boil-off gas in a liquefied natural gas ship according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic system diagram illustrating an operating system for performing sub-cooled liquefaction of boil-off gas in a liquefied natural gas ship according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a table comparing operation according to the operating system for performing sub-cooled liquefaction of boil-off gas in a liquefied natural gas ship of the present invention with operation according to a conventional operation system for performing saturated liquefaction of boil-off gas in a liquefied natural gas ship.
  • An operating system of a liquefied natural gas ship for performing sub-cooled liquefaction of boil-off gas for re-liquefaction includes a boil-off gas compressor 10 , a cryogenic heat exchanger 20 connected to a refrigerator system 40 and a check valve 50 , and a pressure control valve 60 , installed in a pipe connecting a liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 with a gas combustion unit 80 .
  • the operating system of a liquefied natural gas ship further includes a parallel pipe connected to a pipe for connecting the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 with the check valve 50 in parallel and has the same structure as that of the pipe in which the check valve 50 and the pressure control valve 60 are installed.
  • the parallel pipe includes a check valve 50 ′ for preventing reverse flow of gas generated when pressure of the pipe is abnormally increased, and a pressure control valve 60 ′ for maintaining a predetermined pressure of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 by adjusting the quantity of boil-off gas generated by the boil-off gas compressor 10 such that the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 , operated under the sub-cooling condition, is stably operated.
  • An end of the parallel pipe is connected to a pipe between the boil-off gas compressor 10 and the cryogenic heat exchanger 20 such that boil-off gas, discharged from the boil-off gas compressor 10 , is supplied to an upper vapor region of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 for the purpose of blanket during sub-cooling liquefying operation, so that pressure and level of liquefied natural gas of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 are stably controlled.
  • an operating system of a liquefied natural gas ship for performing sub-cooled liquefaction of boil-off gas for re-liquefaction includes a boil-off gas compressor 10 , a cryogenic heat exchanger 20 connected to a refrigerator system 40 , and a check valve 50 and a pressure control valve 60 , installed in a pipe connecting a liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 with a gas combustion unit 80 .
  • the operating system of a liquefied natural gas ship further includes a parallel pipe connected to a pipe for connecting the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 with the check valve 50 in parallel and has the same structure as that of the pipe in which the check valve 50 and the pressure control valve 60 are installed.
  • the parallel pipe is connected to a nitrogen generator 70 installed in a machinery space of the liquefied natural gas ship and serves to supply nitrogen gas to the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 , operated under the sub-cooling condition, for the purpose of maintaining a predetermined pressure of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 , and includes a check valve 50 ′ for preventing reverse flow generated when pressure of the pipe is abnormally increased and a pressure control valve 60 ′ for maintaining a predetermined pressure of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 by adjusting the quantity of nitrogen gas for the purpose of stable operation of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 operated under the sub-cooling condition.
  • nitrogen gas is supplied from the nitrogen generator 70 to a vapor region of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 for the purpose of blanket during the sub-cooled liquefaction, so that pressure and level of liquefied natural gas of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 are stably controlled.
  • the boil-off gas compressor 10 compresses boil-off gas generated by a cargo tank of the liquefied natural gas ship at a predetermined pressure and supplies the same to the cryogenic heat exchanger 20 for the purpose of stable re-liquefaction of boil-off gas.
  • the cryogenic heat exchanger 20 performs heat exchange between the boil-off gas compressed at the predetermined pressure and cold refrigerant introduced from the refrigerator system 40 to liquefy the compressed boil-off gas.
  • the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 connected to the cryogenic heat exchanger 20 serves as a buffer tank for stably returning liquefied natural gas liquefied by the cryogenic heat exchanger 20 to the cargo tank. Meanwhile, since a predetermined pressure and a predetermined level of liquefied natural gas are maintained, a level control valve 90 for maintaining a predetermined level of liquefied natural gas is connected to the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 .
  • a refrigerator system 40 serving as a refrigerator system for producing the required refrigerant, includes compressors, coolers, and a turbo-expander and is connected to the cryogenic heat exchanger 20 .
  • the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 is connected to the check valve 50 for preventing reverse flow generated when pressure of the gas combustion unit 80 is abnormally increased, and the pressure control valve 60 for maintaining a predetermined pressure of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 by discharging flash gas generated by the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 when flash gas is generated and pressure is increased due to the abnormal operation of the liquefied natural gas phase generator 30 .
  • the gas combustion unit 80 oxidizes the flash gas generated by the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 when flash gas is generated and pressure thereof is increased due to the abnormal operation of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 so as to maintain the predetermined pressure of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 .
  • the operating system of a liquefied natural gas ship for performing sub-cooled liquefaction of boil-off gas for re-liquefaction includes the parallel pipe having the same structure as the structure in which the check valve 50 and the pressure control valve 60 are installed in the pipe between the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 and the check valve 50 .
  • the parallel pipe includes the check valve 50 ′ for preventing reverse flow generated due to the abnormal pressure increase, and the pressure control valve 60 ′ for maintaining the predetermined pressure of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 by adjusting the quantity of boil-off gas generated by the boil-off gas compressor 10 such that the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 , operated under the sub-cooling condition, is stably operated.
  • the end of the parallel pipe is connected to a pipe between the boil-off gas compressor 10 and the cryogenic heat exchanger 20 such that boil-off gas, discharged from the boil-off gas compressor 10 , is supplied to the upper vapor region of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 for the purpose of blanket during sub-cooling liquefying operation, so that pressure and level of liquefied natural gas of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 are stably controlled.
  • the operating system supplies boil-off gas discharged from the boil-off gas compressor 10 to the vapor region of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 for the purpose of blanket such that pressure and level of the liquefied natural gas of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 are stably controlled.
  • boil-off gas of about ⁇ 100 degrees centigrade, 0.05 bar, g, 5,717 kg/hr, generated from every cargo tank is changed into boil-off gas of about ⁇ 120 degrees centigrade, 0.05 bar, g, 6,127 kg/hr, is supplied to the boil-off gas compressor 10 , and is supplied to the cryogenic heat exchanger 20 after being compressed into boil-off gas of a predetermined temperature and a predetermined pressure, i.e. about ⁇ (below zero) 27 degrees centigrade, 3.49 bar, g.
  • the supplied boil-off gas requires a specific quantity of refrigerant having a specific temperature for the sub-cooled liquefaction of boil-off gas.
  • the cryogenic heat exchanger 20 performs heat exchange between boil-off gas compressed at the predetermined pressure by the refrigerator system 40 , which serves as a refrigerator system for producing the required refrigerant and includes compressors, coolers, and a turbo-expander, and cold refrigerant generated from the refrigerator system 40 to liquefy boil-off gas, and supplies boil-off gas about ⁇ 167 degrees centigrade, 3.19 bar, g, 6,127 kg/hr to the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 .
  • the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 is connected to the gas combustion unit 80 for oxidizing flash gas generated from the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 to maintain the predetermined pressure of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 when flash gas is generated and pressure is increased due to the abnormal operation of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 .
  • the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 discharges flash gas, generated from the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 to the gas combustion unit 80 via the check valve 50 for preventing reverse flow due to the abnormal pressure increase generated by flash gas and the pressure control valve 60 , which are installed in the pipe connected to the gas combustion unit 80 , so that the gas combustion unit 80 maintains the predetermined pressure of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 by oxidizing flash gas.
  • the operating system of a liquefied natural gas ship for performing sub-cooled liquefaction of boil-off gas for re-liquefaction includes the parallel pipe having the same structure as the structure in which the check valve 50 and the pressure control valve 60 are installed in the pipe between the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 and the check valve 50 .
  • the parallel pipe includes the check valve 50 ′ for preventing reverse flow generated due to the abnormal pressure increase, and the pressure control valve 60 ′ for maintaining the predetermined pressure of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 by adjusting the quantity of boil-off gas generated by the boil-off gas compressor 10 such that the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 , operated under the sub-cooling condition, is stably operated.
  • the end of the parallel pipe is connected to the pipe between the boil-off gas compressor 10 and the cryogenic heat exchanger 20 such that boil-off gas, discharged from the boil-off gas compressor 10 , is supplied to the upper vapor region of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 for the purpose of blanket during sub-cooling liquefying operation.
  • pressure and level of liquefied natural gas of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 are stably controlled.
  • the operating system of a liquefied natural gas ship according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention includes most of elements of the operating system of a liquefied natural gas ship according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention, and particularly, further includes a parallel pipe connected to a pipe for connecting the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 with the check valve 50 in parallel and has the same structure as that of the pipe in which the check valve 50 and the pressure control valve 60 are installed.
  • the parallel pipe is connected to a nitrogen generator 70 installed in the machinery space of the liquefied natural gas ship and serves to supply nitrogen gas to the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 , operated under the sub-cooling condition, for the purpose of maintaining a predetermined pressure of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 .
  • the parallel pipe includes the check valve 50 ′ for preventing reverse flow generated when pressure of the pipe is abnormally increased and the pressure control valve 60 ′ for maintaining the predetermined pressure of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 by adjusting the quantity of nitrogen gas for the purpose of stable operation of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 operated under the sub-cooling condition.
  • Operations of the operating system of a liquefied natural gas ship for performing sub-cooled liquefaction of boil-off gas for re-liquefaction according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention are identical to those of the operating system according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the operating system according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention includes the parallel pipe connected to the pipe for connecting the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 with the check valve 50 in parallel and has the same structure as that of the pipe in which the check valve 50 and the pressure control valve 60 are installed.
  • the parallel pipe is connected to the nitrogen generator 70 installed in the machinery space of the liquefied natural gas ship and serves to supply nitrogen gas to the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 , operated under the sub-cooling condition, for the purpose of maintaining a predetermined pressure of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 , and includes the check valve 50 ′ for preventing reverse flow generated when pressure of the pipe is abnormally increased and a pressure control valve 60 ′ for maintaining the predetermined pressure of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 by adjusting the quantity of nitrogen gas for the purpose of stable operation of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 operated under the sub-cooling condition.
  • the operating system according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention power consumption caused by additional boil-off gas and pressure loss, generated due to excess generation of two-phase regions in a liquefied natural gas return line, is effectively reduced and economical efficiency is achieved due to simple operation.
  • nitrogen gas is supplied from the nitrogen generator 70 to the vapor region of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 for the purpose of blanket during the sub-cooled liquefaction, so that operating pressure and level of liquefied natural gas of the liquefied natural gas phase separator 30 are stably controlled.
  • a system of re-liquefying boil-off gas in a liquefied natural gas ship is modified into an efficient sub-cooled liquefaction system so that power consumption caused by additional boil-off gas and pressure loss, generated due to excess generation of two-phase regions in a liquefied natural gas return line, is effectively reduced.
  • nitrogen gas is supplied from the nitrogen generator to the vapor region of the liquefied natural gas phase separator for the purpose of blanket during the sub-cooled liquefaction, so that operating pressure and level of liquefied natural gas of the liquefied natural gas phase separator are stably controlled, and economical efficiency is achieved due to simple operation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
US11/184,282 2005-01-18 2005-07-19 Operating system of liquefied natural gas ship for sub-cooling and liquefying boil-off gas Abandoned US20060156758A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

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US12/001,146 US20080120993A1 (en) 2005-01-18 2007-12-10 Operating system of liquefied natural gas ship for sub-cooling and liquefying boil-off gas
US12/688,411 US8256230B2 (en) 2005-01-18 2010-01-15 Operating system of liquefied natural gas ship for subcooling and liquefying boil-off gas

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KR10-2005-0004650 2005-01-18
KR1020050004649A KR100638925B1 (ko) 2005-01-18 2005-01-18 엘엔지선의 증발가스 과냉액화 운전시스템
KR10-2005-0004649 2005-01-18
KR1020050004650A KR100638924B1 (ko) 2005-01-18 2005-01-18 엘엔지선의 증발가스 과냉액화 운전시스템

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US12/001,146 Abandoned US20080120993A1 (en) 2005-01-18 2007-12-10 Operating system of liquefied natural gas ship for sub-cooling and liquefying boil-off gas
US12/688,411 Expired - Fee Related US8256230B2 (en) 2005-01-18 2010-01-15 Operating system of liquefied natural gas ship for subcooling and liquefying boil-off gas

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US9291409B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-03-22 Rodney T. Heath Compressor inter-stage temperature control
US9353315B2 (en) 2004-09-22 2016-05-31 Rodney T. Heath Vapor process system
US9527786B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-12-27 Rodney T. Heath Compressor equipped emissions free dehydrator
US9932989B1 (en) 2013-10-24 2018-04-03 Rodney T. Heath Produced liquids compressor cooler
US10052565B2 (en) 2012-05-10 2018-08-21 Rodney T. Heath Treater combination unit
CN109899271A (zh) * 2017-12-08 2019-06-18 安瑞科(廊坊)能源装备集成有限公司 液压天然气压缩机进气系统、加气子站及卸气方法
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US9353315B2 (en) 2004-09-22 2016-05-31 Rodney T. Heath Vapor process system
US20100000253A1 (en) * 2006-05-23 2010-01-07 Cryostar Sas Method and apparatus for the reliquefaction of a vapour
US8959930B2 (en) * 2007-06-15 2015-02-24 Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for treating boil-off gas in an LNG carrier having a reliquefaction plant, and LNG carrier having said apparatus for treating boil-off gas
US20080308175A1 (en) * 2007-06-15 2008-12-18 Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd. Method and Apparatus for Treating Boil-Off Gas in an LNG Carrier Having a Reliquefaction Plant, and LNG Carrier Having Said Apparatus for Treating Boil-Off Gas
US20110185748A1 (en) * 2007-12-21 2011-08-04 Vincent Fuchs Natural gas supply method and apparatus
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US20100170297A1 (en) * 2008-02-27 2010-07-08 Masaru Oka Liquefied gas reliquefier, liquefied-gas storage facility and liquefied-gas transport ship including the same, and liquefied-gas reliquefaction method
US8529215B2 (en) 2008-03-06 2013-09-10 Rodney T. Heath Liquid hydrocarbon slug containing vapor recovery system
US8840703B1 (en) 2008-03-06 2014-09-23 Rodney T. Heath Liquid hydrocarbon slug containing vapor recovery system
US8900343B1 (en) 2008-03-06 2014-12-02 Rodney T. Heath Liquid hydrocarbon slug containing vapor recovery system
US20100040989A1 (en) * 2008-03-06 2010-02-18 Heath Rodney T Combustor Control
US8864887B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2014-10-21 Rodney T. Heath High efficiency slug containing vapor recovery
US10052565B2 (en) 2012-05-10 2018-08-21 Rodney T. Heath Treater combination unit
CN102927645A (zh) * 2012-11-15 2013-02-13 上海佳豪船舶工程设计股份有限公司 一种应用液化天然气为燃料的船舶冷能利用装置及方法
US9291409B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-03-22 Rodney T. Heath Compressor inter-stage temperature control
US9527786B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-12-27 Rodney T. Heath Compressor equipped emissions free dehydrator
US9932989B1 (en) 2013-10-24 2018-04-03 Rodney T. Heath Produced liquids compressor cooler
CN104524817A (zh) * 2014-12-31 2015-04-22 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司长庆井下技术作业公司 一种气液分离装置的控制系统
US20200156741A1 (en) * 2017-07-31 2020-05-21 Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd. Boil-off gas reliquefaction system and method for ship and method for starting boil-off gas reliquefaction system for ship
CN109899271A (zh) * 2017-12-08 2019-06-18 安瑞科(廊坊)能源装备集成有限公司 液压天然气压缩机进气系统、加气子站及卸气方法
US20210164728A1 (en) * 2018-01-23 2021-06-03 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Method and system for processing gas in a gas storage facility for a gas tanker

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FR2880942A1 (fr) 2006-07-21
US20080120993A1 (en) 2008-05-29
JP2006200735A (ja) 2006-08-03
US20100139316A1 (en) 2010-06-10
US8256230B2 (en) 2012-09-04
WO2006078104A1 (fr) 2006-07-27
FR2880942B1 (fr) 2009-07-03

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