US20050124711A1 - Polyurethane foam - Google Patents

Polyurethane foam Download PDF

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Publication number
US20050124711A1
US20050124711A1 US10/505,148 US50514805A US2005124711A1 US 20050124711 A1 US20050124711 A1 US 20050124711A1 US 50514805 A US50514805 A US 50514805A US 2005124711 A1 US2005124711 A1 US 2005124711A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
foam
range
polyester
dimer fatty
acid
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US10/505,148
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English (en)
Inventor
Paul Cameron
Eric Appelman
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Croda International PLC
Uniqema BV
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Individual
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Assigned to IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES PLC, UNICHEMA CHEMIE B.V. reassignment IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES PLC ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: APPELMAN, ERIC A., CAMERON, PAUL
Publication of US20050124711A1 publication Critical patent/US20050124711A1/en
Assigned to CRODA INTERNATIONAL PLC reassignment CRODA INTERNATIONAL PLC ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, PLC
Assigned to UNIQEMA B.V. reassignment UNIQEMA B.V. CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: UNICHEMA CHEMIE B.V.
Priority to US12/588,622 priority Critical patent/US8067479B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
    • C08G18/4288—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain modified by higher fatty oils or their acids or by resin acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/14—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
    • A43B13/18—Resilient soles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08—Processes
    • C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2110/00—Foam properties
    • C08G2110/0041—Foam properties having specified density
    • C08G2110/0066—≥ 150kg/m3
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2110/00—Foam properties
    • C08G2110/0083—Foam properties prepared using water as the sole blowing agent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2120/00—Compositions for reaction injection moulding processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/05—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
    • C08K5/053—Polyhydroxylic alcohols
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249978—Voids specified as micro

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a microcellular polyurethane foam, a process of making the foam, and in particular to the use thereof in shoe soles.
  • Polyurethanes are extremely versatile materials and have been used in a wide variety of applications such as foam insulation, car seats and abrasion resistant coatings. Polyurethanes are used in a wide variety of forms, for example non-cellular materials such as elastomers; and cellular materials such as low density flexible foams, high density flexible foams, and microcellular foams. Microcellular foams have been used for energy absorbing bumper mountings and auxiliary suspension units for wheels, and in particular in shoe soles.
  • Microcellular polyurethane foams used in shoe soles require a wide range of properties such as resistance and durability in actual use, combined with high flexibility, optimal impact resilience, low weight, high thermal insulation and cushioning. There is a need for microcellular polyurethane foams to provide an improvement in one or more of the aforementioned properties.
  • known shoe soling materials tend to have insufficient flexibility on repeated flexing at low temperature (due to strain hardening), and hydrolytic instability.
  • EP-0795572-A is directed to the use of a polyester polyol, derived from terephthalic acid and adipic acid, to produce polyurethane foam for shoe soles.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,856,372 is directed to a microcellular polyurethane shoe sole component formed from isocyanate-terminated prepolymers derived from polyoxypropylene diols.
  • microcellular polyurethane foam which reduces or substantially overcomes at least one of the aforementioned problems.
  • the present invention provides a microcellular polyurethane foam obtainable by reacting a polyisocyanate, a polyester formed from a dimer fatty acid and/or dimer fatty diol, and a chain extender.
  • the invention also provides a process for preparing a microcellular polyurethane foam which comprises (i) reacting a polyisocyanate with a polyester formed from a dimer fatty acid and/or dimer fatty diol, to form an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer, and (ii) reacting the prepolymer with a chain extender.
  • the invention further provides an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer which is the reaction product of a polyisocyanate and a polyester which is the reaction product of dimer fatty acid, adipic acid and diethylene glycol.
  • the invention still further provides a shoe sole comprising a microcellular polyurethane foam obtainable by reacting a polyisocyanate, a polyester formed from a dimer fatty acid and/or dimer fatty diol, and a chain extender.
  • the polyester used in the present invention is formed from, ie comprises the reaction product of, at least one dimer fatty acid and/or dimer fatty diol and/or equivalent thereof.
  • Polyester is normally produced in a condensation reaction between at least one polycarboxylic acid and at least one polyol.
  • Dicarboxylic acids and diols are preferred.
  • the preferred dicarboxylic acid component of the polyester used in the present invention preferably comprises at least one dimer fatty acid.
  • dimer fatty acid is well known in the art and refers to the dimerisation product of mono- or polyunsaturated fatty acids and/or esters thereof.
  • Preferred dimer fatty acids are dimers of C 10 to C 30 , more preferably C 12 to C 24 , particularly C 14 to C 22 , and especially C 18 alkyl chains.
  • Suitable dimer fatty acids include the dimerisation products of oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, palmitoleic acid, and elaidic acid.
  • the dimerisation products of the unsaturated fatty acid mixtures obtained in the hydrolysis of natural fats and oils, e.g. sunflower oil, soybean oil, olive oil, rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil and tall oil, may also be used. Hydrogenated, for example by using a nickel catalyst, dimer fatty acids may also be employed.
  • dimerisation usually results in varying amounts of oligomeric fatty acids (so-called “trimer”) and residues of monomeric fatty acids (so-called “monomer”), or esters thereof, being present.
  • the amount of monomer can, for example, be reduced by distillation.
  • Suitable dimer fatty acids have a dicarboxylic (or dimer) content of greater than 60%, preferably greater than 75%, more preferably in the range from 80 to 96%, particularly 85 to 92%, and especially 87 to 89% by weight.
  • the trimer content is suitably less than 40%, preferably in the range from 2 to 25%, more preferably 5 to 15%, particularly 7 to 13%, and especially 9 to 11% by weight.
  • the monomer content is preferably less than 10%, more preferably in the range from 0.2 to 5%, particularly 0.5 to 3%, and especially 1 to 2% by weight. All of the above % by weight values are based on the total weight of trimer, dimer and monomer present.
  • the dicarboxylic acid component of the polyester preferably also comprises non-dimeric dicarboxylic acids (hereinafter referred to as non-dimeric acids).
  • the non-dimeric acids may be aliphatic or aromatic (such as phthalic acid, isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid), and include dicarboxylic acids and the esters, preferably alkyl esters, thereof, preferably linear dicarboxylic acids having terminal carboxyl groups having a carbon chain in the range from 2 to 20, more preferably 6 to 12 carbon atoms, such as adipic acid, glutaric acid, succinic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, heptane dicarboxylic acid, octane dicarboxylic acid, nonane dicarboxylic acid, decane dicarboxylic acid, undecane dicarboxylic acid, dodecane dicarboxylic acid and higher homologs thereof.
  • a monomeric dicarboxylic acid anhydride such as phthalic anhydride, may also be employed as the or as part of the non-dimeric acid component.
  • the polyester is preferably formed from dimer fatty acids to non-dimer acids present at a ratio in the range from 10 to 100:0 to 90%, more preferably 30 to 70:30 to 70%, particularly 40 to 60:40 to 60%, and especially 45 to 55:45 to 55% by weight of the total dicarboxylic acids.
  • the polyol component of the polyester used in the present invention suitably has a molecular weight in the range from 50 to 650, preferably 60 to 250, more preferably 70 to 200, and particularly 100 to 150.
  • the polyol component may comprise polyols such as pentaerythritol, triols such as glycerol and trimethylolpropane, and preferably diols.
  • Suitable diols include straight chain aliphatic diols such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,4-butylene glycol, 1,6-hexylene glycol, branched diols such as neopentyl glycol, 3-methyl pentane glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, and cyclic diols such as 1,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexane and (1,4-cyclohexane-dimethanol).
  • Diethylene glycol is a particularly preferred diol.
  • the polyol component may also comprise a dimer fatty diol.
  • Dimer fatty acids are mentioned above in relation to the dicarboxylic acid component, and dimer fatty diols can be produced by hydrogenation of the corresponding dimer fatty acid.
  • the same preferences above for the dimer fatty acid apply to the corresponding dimer fatty diol component of the polyester.
  • the polyester is preferably formed from dicarboxylic acid to diol starting materials at a molar ratio in the range from 1:1.0 to 5.0, more preferably 1:1.05 to 3.0, particularly 1:1.1 to 2.0, and especially 1:1.2 to 1.4.
  • the diol is preferably present in molar excess so as to obtain a polyester terminated at both ends with OH groups.
  • the polyester is formed from dimer fatty acid, adipic acid, and diethylene glycol, preferably at a weight ratio in the range from 0.3 to 0.7:0.3 to 0.7:1.0 to 3.0, more preferably 0.4 to 0.6:0.4 to 0.6:1.1 to 2.0, particularly 0.45 to 0.55:0.45 to 0.55:1.2 to 1.4, and especially approximately 0.5:0.5:1.3.
  • the polyester preferably has a molecular weight number average in the range from 1,000 to 5,000, more preferably 1,700 to 3,000, particularly 1,800 to 2,500, and especially 1,900 to 2,200.
  • the polyester preferably has a glass transition temperature (Tg) value (measured as described herein) in the range from ⁇ 60 to 0° C., more preferably ⁇ 50 to ⁇ 5° C., particularly ⁇ 40 to ⁇ 10° C., and especially ⁇ 35 to ⁇ 15° C.
  • Tg glass transition temperature
  • the polyester preferably has a hydroxyl value (measured as described herein) in the range from 10 to 100, more preferably 30 to 80, particularly 40 to 70, and especially 50 to 60 mgKOH/g.
  • the polyester preferably has an acid value (measured as described herein) of less than 2, more preferably less than 1.7, particularly less than 1.3, and especially less than 1.0.
  • the polyisocyanate component is preferably at least one isocyanate which has a functionality of at least 2, and may be an aliphatic isocyanate such as hexamethylene 1,6-diisocyanate, but more preferably is an aromatic isocyanate such as tolylene diisocyanate, m-phenylene diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, polymethylenepolyphenyl diisocyanate, 3,3′-dimethyl-4,4′-biphenylene diisocyanate, 3,3′-dimethyl-4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 3,3-dichloro-4,4′-biphenylene diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate, or modified compounds thereof such as
  • the polyisocyanate monomers can be used alone or as mixtures thereof.
  • 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) is used alone, or more preferably a mixture of MDI and a uretonimine-modified 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (modified MDI) is employed.
  • At least one of the aforementioned polyisocyanates is reacted with at least one of the aforementioned polyesters, to form a prepolymer.
  • the ratio of polyisocyanate to polyester starting materials which are mixed together to react to form the prepolymer is preferably in the range from 20 to 80:20 to 80%, more preferably 35 to 75:25 to 65%, particularly 45 to 70:30 to 55%, and especially 55 to 65:35 to 45% by weight.
  • the polyisocyanate is preferably used in molar excess relative to OH group content of the polyester, so as to obtain a reaction mixture containing isocyanate-terminated prepolymer and sufficient unreacted polyisocyanate, such that later addition of the chain extender can result in reaction to form the polyurethane foam, without the requirement for adding further polyisocyanate.
  • the prepolymer reaction mixture preferably has an isocyanate content (measured as described herein) in the range from 5 to 30%, more preferably 15 to 23%, particularly 17 to 20%, and especially 18 to 19% NCO.
  • the chain extender component used to form the polyurethane suitably comprises a low molecular compound having 2 or more active hydrogen groups, for example polyols such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,4-butylene glycol, 1,5-pentylene glycol, methylpentanediol, 1,6-hexylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, trimethylolpropane, hydroquinone ether alkoxylate, resorcinol ether alkoxylate, glycerol, pentaerythritol, diglycerol, and dextrose; aliphatic polyhydric amines such as ethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, and isophorone diamine; aromatic polyhydric amines such as methylene-bis(2-chloroaniline), methylenebis(dipropylaniline), diethyltoluenediamine, trimethylene glycol di-p-amin
  • the chain extender is a polyol, more preferably a diol, particularly having an aliphatic linear carbon chain comprising in the range from 1 to 10, and especially 3 to 5 carbon atoms.
  • Preferred diols include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,4-butylene glycol, and 1,5-pentylene glycol. 1,4-butylene glycol is particularly preferred.
  • At least one of the aforementioned polyesters is added together with the chain extender to react with the prepolymer in order to form the polyurethane.
  • the molar ratio of chain extender to polyester employed is preferably in the range from 1 to 10:1, more preferably 1.5 to 8:1, particularly 2 to 5:1, and especially 2.5 to 4:1.
  • the polyester employed may be the same as or different to the polyester used to form the prepolymer.
  • non-dimer (acid or diol) containing polyester may also be employed in forming the microcellular polyurethane foam, in addition to the dimer fatty (acid and/or diol) containing polyesters described herein.
  • Suitable non-dimer containing materials include polyesters derived from adipic acid and common diols such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,4-butylene glycol, or speciality glycols and other special ingredients, eg caprolactone.
  • the microcellular polyurethane foam is formed from dimer-containing polyester to non-dimer containing polyester (both used as the polyester and/or in isocyanate-terminated prepolymer form) preferably at a ratio in the range from 10 to 95:5 to 90, more preferably 30 to 90:10 to 70, particularly 40 to 80:20 to 60, and especially 50 to 70:30 to 50% by weight.
  • the dimer fatty acid and/or dimer fatty diol content of the polyurethane foam is preferably in the range from 5 to 50%, more preferably 8 to 40%, particularly 12 to 30%, and especially 15 to 20% by weight.
  • the chain extender composition may optionally contain other additives such as blowing agents, urethane promoting catalysts, surfactants, stabilizers and pigments.
  • Suitable blowing agents include water, and fluorocarbons such as trichlorofluoromethane, dichlorodifluoromethane and trichlorodifluoroethane.
  • the blowing agents may be used alone or as mixtures thereof.
  • urethane catalysts include tertiary amines such as triethylamine, 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2.]octane (DABCO), N-methylmorpholine, N-ethylmorpholine, N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylhexamethylenediamine, 1,2-dimethylimidazol; and tin compounds such as tin(II)acetate, tin(II)octanoate, tin(II)laurate, dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin dimaleate, dioctyltin diacetate and dibutyltin dichloride.
  • the catalysts may be used alone or as mixtures thereof.
  • Suitable surfactants include silicone surfactants such as dimethylpolysiloxane, polyoxyalkylene polyol-modified dimethylpolysiloxane and alkylene glycol-modified dimethylpolysiloxane; and anionic surfactants such as fatty acid salts, sulfuric acid ester salts, phosphoric acid ester salts and sulfonates.
  • stabilizers examples include hindered phenol radical scavengers such as dibutylhydroxytoluene, pentaerythrityl-tetrakis[3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate] and isooctyl-3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate; antioxidants such as phosphorous acid compounds such as triphenylphosphite, triethylphosphite and triphenylphosphine; ultraviolet absorbing agents such as 2-(5-methyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole and a condensation product of methyl-3-[3-t-butyl-5-(2H-benzotriazole-2-yl)-4-hydroxyphenyl]propionate and polyethylene glycol.
  • Suitable pigments include inorganic pigments such as transition metal salts; organic pigments such as azo compounds; and carbon powder.
  • the microcellular polyurethane foam according to the present invention may be produced by efficiently mixing the prepolymer with a chain extender composition, preferably in an injection moulding polyurethane machine.
  • the chain extender composition is preferably prepared by simple pre-mixing of, for example, the chain extender, polyester and other additives (such as blowing agent, and/or urethane catalyst, and/or surfactant).
  • the NCO/OH ratio employed is preferably in the range from 1 to 1.2:1, more preferably 1 to 1.1:1, and particularly 1 to 1.03:1.
  • the microcellular polyurethane foam according to the present invention is suitably defined as an elastomer of cellular structure containing mostly closed cells which are difficult to see with the naked eye (cell size of the order of approximately less than 0.1 mm).
  • the foam preferably has a density (measured as described herein) in the range from 0.2 to 0.9, more preferably 0.25 to 0.7, particularly 0.3 to 0.6, and especially 0.35 to 0.5 gcm ⁇ 3 .
  • the microcellular polyurethane foam preferably has a hardness (measured as described herein) in the range from 10 to 70, more preferably 20 to 60, particularly 25 to 55, and especially 30 to 50 Shore A.
  • the microcellular polyurethane foam suitably has a tensile strength (measured as described herein) of greater than 20, preferably greater than 30, more preferably in the range from 35 to 80, particularly 40 to 75, and especially 50 to 70 kgcm ⁇ 2 .
  • the elongation at break (measured as described herein) of the microcellular polyurethane foam is suitably greater than 150%, preferably greater than 200%, more preferably greater than 250%, particularly in the range from 300 to 550% and especially 350 to 400%.
  • the tear strength (measured as described herein) of the microcellular polyurethane foam is preferably greater than 1.2, more preferably in the range from 1.6 to 6, particularly 2 to 5, and especially 2.5 to 4 kNm ⁇ 1 .
  • the impact resilience (measured as described herein) of the microcellular polyurethane foam is suitably less than 45%, preferably in the range from 10 to 35%, more preferably 15 to 30%, particularly 18 to 27%, and especially 20 to 25%.
  • a particular advantage of the microcellular polyurethane foam according to the present invention is that it is resistant to hydrolysis.
  • the foam after being subjected to hydrolysis for 2 weeks, as described under test procedures herein suitably has a tensile strength and/or elongation at break, within the respective preferred values given above.
  • the foam suitably retains at least 40%, preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 80%, particularly at least 90%, and especially at least 100% of its initial tensile strength and/or initial elongation at break properties, after being subjected to hydrolysis for 2 weeks.
  • the microcellular polyurethane foam preferably retains at least 20%, more preferably at least 30%, particularly at least 40%, and especially at least 50% of its initial tensile strength properties, after being subjected to hydrolysis for 4 weeks.
  • the foam preferably has a tensile strength of greater than 10, more preferably in the range from 15 to 45, particularly 20 to 40, and especially 25 to 35 kgcm ⁇ 2 after being subjected to hydrolysis for 4 weeks.
  • the foam also suitably retains at least 30%, preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 70%, particularly at least 85%, and especially at least 95% of its initial elongation at break properties after being subjected to hydrolysis for 4 weeks.
  • the foam suitably has an elongation at break of greater than 100%, preferably greater than 150%, more preferably greater than 200%, particularly in the range from 250 to 450% and especially 300 to 400% after being subjected to hydrolysis for 4 weeks.
  • the microcellular polyurethane foam according to the present invention is suitable for use, inter alia, as shock absorbers/“spring aids” for automotive suspension, tyres (energy absorbing wheels for buggies, trollies) and technical parts (car seat components), and is particularly suitable for use in shoes.
  • the foam can be used in dual density outsoles, single density boots, single density casual/formal, single density sandals, single density insoles, and especially in dual and single density midsoles.
  • Tg glass transition temperature
  • the hydroxyl value is defined as the number of mg of potassium hydroxide equivalent to the hydroxyl content of 1 g of sample, and was measured by acetylation followed by hydrolysation of excess acetic anhydride. The acetic acid formed was subsequently titrated with an ethanolic potassium hydroxide solution.
  • the acid value is defined as the number of mg of potassium hydroxide required to neutralise the free fatty acids in 1 g of sample, and was measured by direct titration with a standard potassium hydroxide solution.
  • the isocyanate value is defined as the weight % content of isocyanate in the sample and was determined by reacting with excess dibutylamine, and back titrating with hydrochloric acid.
  • Samples were aged by placing dumbells of the material in a climate chamber at 70° C. and >98% relative humidity for periods of 2 and 4 weeks.
  • the tensile strength and elongation at break of the “aged” samples were determined as above and the values compared to the original figures (on percentage retention terms).
  • a chain extender composition was prepared by mixing the following components in the following ratio: Polyester prepared in (a) 100 DABCO DC193 silicone surfactant (ex Air Products) 0.4 1,4-butylene glycol (dry) 12 DABCO crystal (triethylene diamine, ex Air Products) 0.5 Distilled water 0.5
  • the resulting polyurethane foam had the following properties, measured as described above;
  • the polyurethane foam was subjected to hydrolysis conditions for 2 weeks and 4 weeks as described above, and the following properties were remeasured;
  • the resulting polyurethane foam had the following properties, measured as described above;
  • the polyurethane foam was subjected to hydrolysis conditions for 2 weeks and 4 weeks as described above, and the following properties were remeasured;
  • the resulting adipate derived polyurethane foam had the following properties, measured as described above;
  • the polyurethane foam was subjected to hydrolysis conditions for 2 weeks and 4 weeks as described above, and the following properties were remeasured;
  • Example 2 This is a comparative example not according to the invention.
  • the procedure according to Example 1 was repeated except that the starting materials were adipate polyester (Desmophen 2000 MZ, ex Bayer (468 g)), flake pure MDI (ex Bayer (640.4 g)) and modified MDI (Suprasec 2021, ex Huntsman Polyurethanes (123.1 g)).
  • the starting materials were adipate polyester (Desmophen 2000 MZ, ex Bayer (468 g)), flake pure MDI (ex Bayer (640.4 g)) and modified MDI (Suprasec 2021, ex Huntsman Polyurethanes (123.1 g)).
  • the resulting adipate derived polyurethane foam was subjected to hydrolysis conditions for 4 weeks as described above, and the following properties were measured;

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
US10/505,148 2002-02-19 2003-02-10 Polyurethane foam Abandoned US20050124711A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/588,622 US8067479B2 (en) 2002-02-19 2009-10-21 Polyurethane foam

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0203881.8 2002-02-19
GBGB0203881.8A GB0203881D0 (en) 2002-02-19 2002-02-19 Polyurethane foam
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US20100130632A1 (en) * 2006-12-29 2010-05-27 Speas Eric Scott Rick Closed Cell Foams Comprising Urethane Elastomers
WO2010111069A2 (fr) 2009-03-24 2010-09-30 Dow Global Technologies Inc. Polyols à base d'huile naturelle utilisés dans les élastomères pour les pneus
WO2010114695A1 (fr) 2009-04-01 2010-10-07 Dow Global Technologies Inc. Compositions de polyol stables au stockage pour produire une mousse de polyisocyanurate rigide
US20110039968A1 (en) * 2008-04-17 2011-02-17 Dow Global Technologies Inc. Polyurethane elastomers from renewable resources
WO2011112813A1 (fr) 2010-03-12 2011-09-15 Dow Global Technologies Llc Liants élastomères constitués de polyols à base d'huiles naturelles
WO2011112829A1 (fr) 2010-03-12 2011-09-15 Dow Global Technologies Llc Gels et élastomères souples de polyuréthane constitués de polyols à base d'huiles naturelles
WO2012135625A1 (fr) * 2011-03-31 2012-10-04 Dow Global Technologies Llc Polyester-polycarbonate polyols hydrophobes destinés à être utilisés dans des applications de polyuréthane
EP2746309A1 (fr) 2012-12-19 2014-06-25 Basf Se Corps de formage en polyuréthane à base de polyester polyuréthane résistant à l'hydrolyse
EP2818489A1 (fr) 2013-06-28 2014-12-31 Basf Se Pièces moulées de PUR résistants à l'hydrolyse

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EP2239287A1 (fr) * 2009-04-08 2010-10-13 Recticel Procédé pour la préparation d'une mousse de polyuréthane souple
CN103025192A (zh) * 2010-06-25 2013-04-03 安泰国际公司 具有顺应性上部的鞋子
CN102344542A (zh) * 2010-08-02 2012-02-08 拜耳材料科技(中国)有限公司 一种用于制备聚氨酯微孔泡沫的反应体系、聚氨酯微孔泡沫和用途
CN102276785B (zh) * 2011-07-12 2013-01-30 山东奥邦聚氨酯有限公司 低密度发泡热塑性聚氨酯弹性体及其制备工艺
ITMI20111557A1 (it) * 2011-08-30 2013-03-01 Tecnoelastomeri S R L Poliuretani e poliuretani-uree aventi migliorate proprieta'
CN103570908B (zh) * 2012-07-19 2015-10-07 旭川化学（昆山）有限公司 一种聚氨酯鞋底材料原液
GB201214993D0 (en) 2012-08-23 2012-10-03 Croda Int Plc Polyurethanes
CN103483530B (zh) * 2013-09-06 2015-09-02 旭川化学（昆山）有限公司 一种聚醚型聚氨酯鞋底原液
GB201322933D0 (en) 2013-12-23 2014-02-12 Croda Int Plc A polyol
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US20220064440A1 (en) 2019-04-05 2022-03-03 Sika Technology Ag Dimer fatty acid-polyester diol-based polymer, containing isocyanate groups
US10934384B1 (en) * 2020-09-09 2021-03-02 Evoco Ltd. Polyurethane elastomer compositions, and processes thereof
US10934385B1 (en) * 2020-09-09 2021-03-02 Evoco Ltd. Polyurethane elastomers, bio-additive foam compositions
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Cited By (17)

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US7632424B2 (en) * 2003-12-25 2009-12-15 Ihara Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Method for inhibiting the discoloration of methylenebisaniline compounds
US20070108416A1 (en) * 2003-12-25 2007-05-17 Ihara Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Method for inhibiting the discoloration of methylenebisaniline compounds
US20100130632A1 (en) * 2006-12-29 2010-05-27 Speas Eric Scott Rick Closed Cell Foams Comprising Urethane Elastomers
US20110039968A1 (en) * 2008-04-17 2011-02-17 Dow Global Technologies Inc. Polyurethane elastomers from renewable resources
CN102066446A (zh) * 2008-04-17 2011-05-18 陶氏环球技术公司 由可再生资源生产聚氨酯弹性体
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WO2010111069A2 (fr) 2009-03-24 2010-09-30 Dow Global Technologies Inc. Polyols à base d'huile naturelle utilisés dans les élastomères pour les pneus
WO2010114695A1 (fr) 2009-04-01 2010-10-07 Dow Global Technologies Inc. Compositions de polyol stables au stockage pour produire une mousse de polyisocyanurate rigide
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WO2011112829A1 (fr) 2010-03-12 2011-09-15 Dow Global Technologies Llc Gels et élastomères souples de polyuréthane constitués de polyols à base d'huiles naturelles
WO2011112813A1 (fr) 2010-03-12 2011-09-15 Dow Global Technologies Llc Liants élastomères constitués de polyols à base d'huiles naturelles
WO2012135625A1 (fr) * 2011-03-31 2012-10-04 Dow Global Technologies Llc Polyester-polycarbonate polyols hydrophobes destinés à être utilisés dans des applications de polyuréthane
CN103562251A (zh) * 2011-03-31 2014-02-05 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 用于聚氨酯应用的疏水性聚酯聚碳酸酯多元醇
EP2746309A1 (fr) 2012-12-19 2014-06-25 Basf Se Corps de formage en polyuréthane à base de polyester polyuréthane résistant à l'hydrolyse
WO2014095438A1 (fr) 2012-12-19 2014-06-26 Basf Se Corps moulés de polyuréthane résistant à l'hydrolyse en polyester polyuréthane
EP2818489A1 (fr) 2013-06-28 2014-12-31 Basf Se Pièces moulées de PUR résistants à l'hydrolyse

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US20100112333A1 (en) 2010-05-06
US8067479B2 (en) 2011-11-29
KR100991057B1 (ko) 2010-10-29
WO2003070801A1 (fr) 2003-08-28
CN1633452A (zh) 2005-06-29
CN100556927C (zh) 2009-11-04
TW200303321A (en) 2003-09-01
EP1476485B1 (fr) 2016-08-31
TWI312349B (en) 2009-07-21
MXPA04008002A (es) 2005-05-16
GB0203881D0 (en) 2002-04-03
EP1476485A1 (fr) 2004-11-17
AU2003207310A1 (en) 2003-09-09

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