US20050058087A1 - Infrastructure for wireless lans - Google Patents

Infrastructure for wireless lans Download PDF

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Publication number
US20050058087A1
US20050058087A1 US10/725,818 US72581803A US2005058087A1 US 20050058087 A1 US20050058087 A1 US 20050058087A1 US 72581803 A US72581803 A US 72581803A US 2005058087 A1 US2005058087 A1 US 2005058087A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
data
access points
hub
data communications
wired
Prior art date
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Abandoned
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US10/725,818
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert Beach
Heiner Schwede
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Symbol Technologies LLC
Original Assignee
Symbol Technologies LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Symbol Technologies LLC filed Critical Symbol Technologies LLC
Priority to US10/725,818 priority Critical patent/US20050058087A1/en
Publication of US20050058087A1 publication Critical patent/US20050058087A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/26—Network addressing or numbering for mobility support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/46—Interconnection of networks
    • H04L12/4604—LAN interconnection over a backbone network, e.g. Internet, Frame Relay
    • H04L12/462—LAN interconnection over a bridge based backbone
    • H04L12/4625—Single bridge functionality, e.g. connection of two networks over a single bridge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0203—Power saving arrangements in the radio access network or backbone network of wireless communication networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0212—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave
    • H04W52/0216—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave using a pre-established activity schedule, e.g. traffic indication frame
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08—Access point devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • This invention relates to wireless data communications networks, and in-particular to arrangements for communications between mobile data handling units and a central computer using such networks.
  • the assignee of the present invention supplies a wireless data communications systems known as the Spectrum 24® System, which follows the communications protocol of IEEE Standard 802.11.
  • mobile units are in data communication with a central computer through access points.
  • the access points communicate with the computer over an Ethernet wired network.
  • Each of the mobile units associates itself with one of the access points.
  • each access point In order to maintain order and reduce radio communications each access point must determine which of the communications received over the Ethernet link from the central computer is destined for a mobile unit associated with that particular access point. This requirement adds significant computational capacity to the access point, increasing the cost thereof.
  • the cost of an operational access point is dependent not only on the complexity thereof and the requirement for high speed processing of data pockets for purposes of selecting those destined for mobile units associated with an access point, but the additional cost of the installation of electrical power to the location of the access point, and the cost of a power supply to convert AC electrical power to DC power for the circuits of the access point. Further cost may be involved in physically mounting the access point hardware and antenna.
  • an improvement in a wireless data communications system wherein data communications are provided between mobile units and a central computer by access points.
  • some of the access points are connected to said computer through at least one data switching hub, and said data switching hub is arranged to selectively provide data communications to the access points connected to the hub in accordance with destination address data in the communications.
  • the data switching hub may also be arranged to monitor source address data in communications received from each access point connected to a port of the data switching hub.
  • the switching hub can be arranged to maintain a routing list correlating the source address data with the port.
  • the switching hub is arranged to use the list to selectively provide the data communications to the access points.
  • an access point for use in a wireless data communications system wherein access points in radio data communication with mobile units are connected to at least one data switching hub for selectively providing data communications to the access points.
  • a transmitter/receiver provides the radio data communication with the mobile units.
  • a data interface is provided for data communications with the switching hub over a cable.
  • a processor is provided for coupling data between the data interface and the transmitter receiver and a power supply is provided for receiving operating power from the cable and to provide power to the interface, the processor and the transmitter/receiver.
  • a method for providing data communications between mobile units and a central computer includes the steps of connecting the central computer to at least one switching hub over a wire data communication network and connecting a plurality of access points to ports of the switching hub.
  • Mobile units associate themselves with selected ones of the access points.
  • Data communication packets are provided on the wired communication network which include destination addresses.
  • the switching hubs maintain a routing list relating ports to the access points and the mobile units associated with the access points.
  • the switching hub is operated to relay data communication packets from the wired data communications network to the access points in accordance with the routing lists. Data communications received from the switching hub by the access points are sent to the associated mobile units by radio communications.
  • data communications are provided from one of the mobile units by radio communications to an associated access point, the packets including a destination address and a source address corresponding to the mobile unit.
  • the access points relay the data communications packets to a port on the switching hub, and the switching hub is, operated to relay the data communications packets received from the access points to the wired data communication network or to other access points in accordance with the destination address.
  • the switching hub also updates the routing list at the switching hub by relating the port of the switching hub to the source address of the data packet.
  • a data communications system which provides data communications between at least one computer and a plurality of mobile units.
  • the system includes a plurality of access points, each arranged for provided radio data communications and having a wired data interface.
  • a plurality of mobile units each arranged to associate itself with one of the access points and conduct radio data communications therewith.
  • at least one switching hub having a first wired data port and a plurality of additional wired data ports, each connected to the wired data interface of one of the access ports.
  • a wired data communication network for providing wired data communications between at least one computer and the first wired port of the switching hub.
  • the switching hub is arranged to examine the destination address data and provide the data packets to one of the additional wired ports if the destination address data corresponds to an address on a routing list associated with the additional wired port.
  • data is communicated from the access points over the wired data interface as data packets to one of the additional wired data ports of the switching hub.
  • the data packets include source address data and the switching hub is arranged to examine the source address data and to associate the corresponding source address data with both the additional port on the routing list.
  • the access points are connected to the data ports of the switching hub over multi-conductor cables and the cables can be arranged to provide power to the access points.
  • the power may be provided using a power supply module adjacent to switching hub.
  • the power supply module may be housed inside the switching hub.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a wireless communications system in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow diagram illustrating the processing in a hub of the FIG. 1 system.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of an access point useable in the FIG. 1 system.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a building showing the use of the FIG. 1 system.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an alternate embodiment of an access point usable in the FIG. 1 system.
  • FIG. 6 is a top view of a building showing the use of the FIG. 1 system.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing supply of power to access point cables.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a radio-module according to the prior art used with the access point of FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a further alternate embodiment of an access point usable in the FIG. 1 system.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing one arrangement for providing d.c. power to an access point.
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective view of an access pointy enclosure according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a side view of an alternate embodiment of an access point enclosure.
  • FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram of choke circuit useful in practicing the present invention.
  • a wireless data communications systems for providing data communications between a central computer 10 and a plurality of mobile units 12 .
  • the system uses access points 14 to provide radio packet communications with the mobile units 12 using the frequency hop.
  • spread spectrum communications protocol of TFI Standard 802.11, whereby the radio modules in the mobile units 12 monitor polling signals from the access points 14 and associate with an access point for purposes of data communications.
  • the radio modules of the mobile units and access points may, for example, be identical to those used in the Spectrum 24® system.
  • each access point is connected on an Ethernet wired network to the central computer.
  • the access points are required to determine the identity of mobile units which have become associated with them and to extract from the data packets on the network those packets addressed to a mobile unit associated with the access point. This requirement has led to significant processing burden for the access points and led to increased cost for the access points.
  • the central computer 10 communicates over an Ethernet wired network 18 with intelligent switching hubs 16 .
  • intelligent switching hubs 16 determine the destination of each packet and route packets to access points 14 if the destination of the packet is a mobile unit 12 associated with the access point 14 .
  • the hub is an intelligent hub which maintains a routing list of mobile units 12 and their associated access point 14 according to the port of each hub. These lists are generated using the packet handling process of FIG. 2 , wherein at step 30 the hub processor reads the packet source address data and packet destination address data of each packet received on one of its ports.
  • the source address data is used at step 32 to update a routing list 34 which identifies a hub port with a data source address.
  • the destination address data of the packet is used at step 36 to determine which port to route the packet to, according to the port associated with that address in routing list 34 .
  • the packet is routed to the appropriate port.
  • the hub need only maintain a source list 34 for those access points 14 connected to the hub 16 and mobile units associated with access points 14 connected to the hub 16 .
  • the source address need not be maintained on list 34 .
  • the hub will route the packet to an access point only if the destination address of the packet is identified on list 34 , otherwise the packet is ignored.
  • the source address is associated with the hub port in list 34 .
  • the packet is routed either to the Ethernet connection 18 or to another port according to the destination address.
  • the hub 16 in order to update the list maintained by hub 16 , upon initial association of a mobile unit with an access point, either the mobile unit or the newly associated access point provides a message packet, such as a broadcast message to the hub 16 , with the source address of the message corresponding to the mobile unit. Upon receiving this message, the hub update its list to include the association of the mobile unit with the port at which the access point is connected.
  • a message packet such as a broadcast message
  • the access point acts merely as a conduit sending RF transmissions of packets received on communication line 20 , and receiving transmission from associated mobile units 12 and providing Ethernet packets to hub 16 .
  • the access point 14 must provide mobile unit association functions as provided in the Spectrum 24® system and may also provide proxy polling responses for associated mobile units 12 that are in power saving mode.
  • the access point 14 routinely functions as a conduit of communication to its associated mobile units, some limited selection of data packets is possible.
  • the access point 14 may be arranged not to relay certain types of broadcast messages, such as router broadcast messages, that are not required to be received by the mobile units.
  • multiple access points may be connected in parallel to a single hub, in which case the access points can be arranged to not relay messages directed at mobile units associated with other access points.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a radio module 50 for use in the Spectrum 24® system.
  • the module includes components, including a microprocessor and program, for carrying out frequency-hop, spread-spectrum communications utilizing the IEEE Standard 802.11 in the 2.4 GHz. frequency band.
  • Radio module 50 includes 80C188 processor 60 , operating under the Galaxy firmware from Symbol Technologies and associated with the interface protocol of the Spectrum 24® system.
  • Firmware is stored in flash memory 62 , and SRAM 64 provides processing memory and data buffer functions.
  • Interface 58 may be an S 24 DRVP low-level polled interface module.
  • Radio module 50 is connected via its PCMCIA interface 58 to data bus 71 , which is also connected to processor 72 , SRAM 70 and to Ethernet interface module 74 , comprising a CS8900 Ethernet controller available from Cirrus.
  • Firmware for processor 72 may be provided on memory 62 coupled to bus 56 , or alternately may be booted from flash memory 62 to SRAM 70 .
  • Processor 72 operates with Ethernet controller 74 as part of its memory space accessible through DMA to transfer messages between Ethernet controller 74 and radio module 50 via buffer 70 .
  • radio module 50 is modified to provided direct interface via ASIC 84 to Ethernet controller 74 via a DMA channel in interface 84 .
  • the radio module and interface transfer are handled by CPU 78 , which is provided with combined firmware on flash memory 82 and using an enlarged SRAM 80 .
  • access point 14 ′′ Still another alternate arrangement is shown as access point 14 ′′, in FIG. 9 .
  • the CPU, ASIC, and Ethernet controller functions are provided by CPU 90 , so that only a single processor is required.
  • the simplified access points 14 , 14 ′ and 14 ′′ are provided with power over the Ethernet cabling.
  • the Ethernet data communication with the access points are carried on two of the four wire pairs on the Ethernet cable 20 .
  • the remaining two pairs of cable 20 are used to supply dc power to the access points.
  • hub 16 includes an intelligent switching hub 40 of standard design having an Ethernet port to cable 18 and, for example, seven additional Ethernet ports to cables 20 for connection to access points 14 .
  • D.C. power module 42 is connected between the access point ports of hub 40 and cables 20 to provide D.C. power, e.g. 12 to 50 V.D.C. to the extra wire pairs of cables 20 .
  • the D.C. power module may be incorporated internally to the hub.
  • Each access point includes a DC-DC power supply 76 for converting the DC voltage from cable 20 to an appropriate level, e.g. 5 volts, to operate the logic and radio circuits of the access point.
  • an appropriate level e.g. 5 volts
  • FIG. 10 Another arrangement for providing power to the access point is shown in FIG. 10 .
  • Choke circuits 42 are interposed in cable 20 from switching hub 40 to access point 14 .
  • D.C. power from a power supply 41 which may also serve hub 40 , is coupled to cable 20 using, for example, the choke circuit 42 , shown in FIG. 13 , which is available from Pulse of San Diego, Calif., Model P0421.
  • the choke circuit 42 shown in FIG. 13 , which is available from Pulse of San Diego, Calif., Model P0421.
  • Capacitors in circuit 42 isolate the D.C. source from the data ports at hub 40 and access point 14 , while the inductive circuits prevent the power supply from loading the high frequency data signals.
  • the access point requires no connection to primary power and is connected only by the Ethernet cable 20 to the hub 16 .
  • a simple antenna 102 may be mounted within, or directly on the module as shown in FIG. 11 to provide a simple package, about the size of a portable tape player, that can be easily mounted on a wall or ceiling, possibly using Velcro or adhesive attachment.
  • the access point may include a pair of cable sockets 104 , 106 to accommodate a cable to the hub 16 , and possibly an extension cable to accommodate an additional access point or other device connected to the same port of hub 16 . Sockets 104 and 106 are wired in parallel.
  • access point 14 may be provided with a connector jack 108 , which is received in a socket 110 on a wall or surface mounted unit 112 , as shown in FIG. 12 .
  • FIGS. 4 and 6 show examples of how the system of the present invention can be advantageously used to provide extensive access point installation in facilities.
  • FIG. 4 shows installation in a multi-storied building, such as an office building or hospital, wherein access points 14 can be installed economically in many rooms on a floor and connected to a hub 16 on each floor. Improved coverage and improved capacity can be provided.
  • FIG. 6 shows installation in a large-store, e.g. a store using a self service shopping system with radio data communications using portable terminals or electronic shelf labels with wireless communication.
  • Access points can be provided at many locations throughout the store to avoid dead zones, and additional access points can be provided near the check-out stations to handle the possibility of greater usage demand in that area.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
US10/725,818 1998-01-16 2003-12-01 Infrastructure for wireless lans Abandoned US20050058087A1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/725,818 US20050058087A1 (en) 1998-01-16 2003-12-01 Infrastructure for wireless lans

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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US7130298P 1998-01-16 1998-01-16
US23162599A 1999-01-14 1999-01-14
US10/725,818 US20050058087A1 (en) 1998-01-16 2003-12-01 Infrastructure for wireless lans

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US23162599A Continuation 1998-01-16 1999-01-14

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US20050058087A1 true US20050058087A1 (en) 2005-03-17

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US10/725,818 Abandoned US20050058087A1 (en) 1998-01-16 2003-12-01 Infrastructure for wireless lans
US10/784,588 Expired - Lifetime US7653033B2 (en) 1998-01-16 2004-02-23 Infrastructure for wireless LANs
US12/633,302 Expired - Lifetime US8687610B2 (en) 1998-01-16 2009-12-08 Infrastructure for wireless LANS

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US10/784,588 Expired - Lifetime US7653033B2 (en) 1998-01-16 2004-02-23 Infrastructure for wireless LANs
US12/633,302 Expired - Lifetime US8687610B2 (en) 1998-01-16 2009-12-08 Infrastructure for wireless LANS

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US (3) US20050058087A1 (fi)
EP (1) EP0976211B1 (fi)
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AU (1) AU2226499A (fi)
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EP0976211A4 (en) 2004-04-07
US8687610B2 (en) 2014-04-01
AU2226499A (en) 1999-08-02
JP2007251970A (ja) 2007-09-27
EP0976211A1 (en) 2000-02-02
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JP4112020B2 (ja) 2008-07-02
JP2001515691A (ja) 2001-09-18
US20040165550A1 (en) 2004-08-26
DE69935287T2 (de) 2007-11-08
JP4339373B2 (ja) 2009-10-07
US20100128710A1 (en) 2010-05-27
EP0976211B1 (en) 2007-02-28
WO1999037047A1 (en) 1999-07-22

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