US20040239017A1 - Arc furnace and method for operating this arc furnace - Google Patents

Arc furnace and method for operating this arc furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
US20040239017A1
US20040239017A1 US10/491,040 US49104004A US2004239017A1 US 20040239017 A1 US20040239017 A1 US 20040239017A1 US 49104004 A US49104004 A US 49104004A US 2004239017 A1 US2004239017 A1 US 2004239017A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
bay
tapping
taphole
arc furnace
melt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/491,040
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English (en)
Inventor
Peter Heinrich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SMS Siemag AG
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE10223906A external-priority patent/DE10223906A1/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Assigned to SMS DEMAG AG reassignment SMS DEMAG AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SCHUBERT, MANFRED, HEINRICH, PETER
Publication of US20040239017A1 publication Critical patent/US20040239017A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • C21C5/5211—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in an alternating current [AC] electric arc furnace
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/19—Arrangements of devices for discharging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/06—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces with movable working chambers or hearths, e.g. tiltable, oscillating or describing a composed movement
    • F27B3/065—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces with movable working chambers or hearths, e.g. tiltable, oscillating or describing a composed movement tiltable
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/08—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces heated electrically, with or without any other source of heat
    • F27B3/085—Arc furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/15—Tapping equipment; Equipment for removing or retaining slag
    • F27D3/1509—Tapping equipment
    • F27D3/1527—Taphole forming equipment, e.g. boring machines, piercing tools
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/15—Tapping equipment; Equipment for removing or retaining slag
    • F27D3/1509—Tapping equipment
    • F27D3/1536—Devices for plugging tap holes, e.g. plugs stoppers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the invention concerns an arc furnace, which can be tilted or remains stationary for tapping the melt or the slag and has an eccentric and/or centric tap, and a method of operating this arc furnace.
  • the melt can be tapped on the basis of various well-known designs of the arc furnace: Tapping can be accomplished with an open tapping spout by tilting. Tapping can also be accomplished by a tapping spout with a connected siphon.
  • eccentric bottom tapping in a vessel bay EBT
  • Eccentric tapping of this type is also used in an oval vessel (OBT).
  • centric bottom tapping (CBT) is used in circular vessels.
  • the objective of the invention is to improve production, in-service performance, and the operating sequence.
  • this objective is achieved by providing the tap in a separately mounted bay, which abuts a terminal wall of a lower vessel, and by providing at least one tapping channel that passes through the terminal wall to connect the furnace shell and the bay.
  • the terminal wall can be continuously formed in the region of the bay, which results in greater dimensional stability and improved mounting of the refractory lining.
  • the separately mounted bay means high operational flexibility, because this makes a bay of this type interchangeable. An exchange of the nozzle bricks does not have to be carried out in the hot region of the furnace.
  • the tapping channels are readily accessible from the bay. In individual cases, it is possible to dispense with a bay cover.
  • the provision of a taphole valve or a taphole door is not absolutely necessary and can be limited to special cases. In addition, savings of lining material are achieved.
  • the bay can be connected to the terminal wall of the lower vessel by a flange joint.
  • a flange joint may even be designed as a door that can be swung open.
  • one or more siphon-like tapping channels to run through the terminal wall more or less tangent to the lining profile.
  • the tap is arranged in such a way that the taphole of the tap in the bay runs vertically in the zero position, i.e., the horizontal position, of the arc furnace.
  • the taphole may be designed with an angle adapted to the tapping angle of the tiltable furnace.
  • a method of operating an arc furnace which is tilted in one swivel direction to tap the melt and in the other swivel direction to tap the slag, such that the melt is tapped eccentrically to the lower vessel, can be carried out in such a way that first the tapping channels are burned out in the lower vessel from the bay side, and, when the melt flows into the bay, the tilting operation is initiated; in that the bay is then sufficiently filled, and the taphole is opened (from the outside); and in that, when the desired amount of melt has been tapped, the arc furnace is tilted back into the zero position or beyond it. This results in a more advantageous operation due to simpler operating sequences.
  • Another step is alternatively designed in such a way that first the tapping channels are burned out in the lower vessel from the bay side, and, when the melt flows into the bay through the unclosed taphole, the tilting operation is initiated. This eliminates the need to close the taphole.
  • the tapping channel and/or the taphole is cleaned and closed with refractory material.
  • the flange joint is disconnected, and the bay is removed and replaced by a relined bay.
  • An alternative method of operating an arc furnace, which is tilted in one swivel direction to tap the melt, such that the melt is tapped eccentrically to the lower vessel consists in controlling the tapping rate by controlling the gas pressure in the bay by pressurization of the pressure-tight and vacuum-tight covered bay with inert gas. During this process, the taphole of the tiltable furnace must not be closed.
  • the siphoning effect that develops during ongoing tapping, depending on the length of the tapping channel between the hearth and the bay, and that manifests itself in a negative pressure in the bay above the bath level, can be influenced by controlling the gas pressure.
  • Another alternative embodiment of the invention in an arc furnace with a closable taphole, whose lower vessel is stationary and has a bottom taphole, is designed in such a way that the tap is provided in a separately mounted, pressure-tight and vacuum-tight bay, which abuts a terminal wall of the lower vessel, and that at least one tapping channel that passes through the terminal wall to connect the furnace shell and the bay is provided, such that the lower edge of the tapping channel on the bay side and the upper edge of the bay taphole are at about the same level.
  • the arc furnace no longer needs to be tiltable, which means that the entire tilting mechanism is eliminated.
  • the operating sequences and the in-service performance change.
  • the necessary gas space in the bay is created by providing the bay with a pressure-tight and vacuum-tight cover.
  • the bay taphole can be maintained, despite the cover, by mounting a hollow plug in a hollow plug housing on the pressure-tight and vacuum-tight cover.
  • the housing can be disconnected or connected and opened or closed by a sluice.
  • the aforementioned alternative with a stationary arc furnace can be regarded as the basis for a method of operating an arc furnace that is stationary, has a bay built onto a lower furnace, and is provided with a bay taphole and with a centric bottom taphole.
  • a method of this type consists in opening the bay taphole, pressurizing the bay with inert gas, and then controlling the tapping of the melt in such a way that the ongoing tapping is interrupted by reducing the negative pressure in the bay as soon as the bath level in the lower vessel is below the lower edge of the tapping channel on the bay side. In this way, the tapping can be interrupted with little work.
  • Another advantageous measure with respect to the method consists in adjusting the gas pressure in the bay and in the tapping channel to a pressure value at which the bath level is brought to the height of the upper edge of the tapping channel that runs to the lower vessel.
  • the bay and the tapping channel can be kept free of metal in this way.
  • the pressure in the bay can be adjusted in such a way that small, steady gas consumption indicates that a small amount of gas is bubbling into the metal bath on the furnace side of the tapping channel. Lateral burning out or reclosing of the tapping channel becomes superfluous with this method of operation.
  • the tapping operation can be started by opening the bay taphole.
  • the tapped melt starts to flow through the tapping channels and the bay taphole without any need to tilt the furnace.
  • a sand filling in the bay tap is not encrusted at its surface, because it was not exposed to a molten metal bath. It may be assumed, therefore, that the tap opens smoothly and without problems solely by moving away a sliding plate.
  • the bay taphole can be closed from above despite the pressure-tight and vacuum-tight cover.
  • the tapping is terminated by closing the open bay taphole by means of a hollow plug, which can be moved in through the cover and through which sand can be poured in as far as a slide gate. Therefore, the sand enters the bay taphole in front of the closed slide gate through the hollow plug and fills this entire space.
  • the taphole prevents any pieces of scrap possibly lying on the bay taphole from interfering with the satisfactory functioning of the hollow plug.
  • the hollow plug can be changed after it has been used by replacing it on the cover after a sluice has been closed.
  • a “paddle” is advantageous for preventing the sand from running out of the bay taphole.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a tiltable arc furnace, in which only the lower vessel is shown.
  • FIG. 2 shows a top view of the arc furnace shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section through a stationary arc furnace, in which only the lower vessel is shown.
  • FIG. 4 shows a top view of the arc furnace shown in FIG. 3.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show only the lower vessel 2 of an arc furnace 1 with the furnace shell 2 a lined towards the hearth 3 .
  • the arc furnace 1 can be tilted in both swivel directions for tapping the melt or the slag (FIG. 1).
  • a tap 9 for the melt is located in a separately mounted bay 6 , which abuts a terminal wall 4 of the circular or oval lower vessel 2 .
  • the terminal wall 4 is formed as an upper flange (FIG. 2).
  • One or more siphon-like tapping channels 5 run from the hearth 3 transversely through the terminal wall 4 and completely through the bay wall more or less tangent to the lining profile 10 .
  • the bay 6 is detachably connected to the terminal wall 4 of the lower vessel 2 a by a flange joint 8 .
  • Corresponding flanges 7 are provided on the bay and on the lower vessel.
  • the bay taphole 9 a runs vertically in the zero position 11 of the arc furnace 1 .
  • the tap 9 can be designed with its axis at an angle adapted to the tapping angle of the furnace 1 .
  • the arc furnace 1 can be tipped in one swivel direction or the other to tap the melt and the slag, such that the melt is tapped eccentrically to the lower vessel 2 .
  • the tapping channels 5 are burned out in the lower vessel 2 , and, when the melt flows into the bay 6 , the tilting operation is initiated.
  • the bay 6 is then sufficiently filled, and the bay taphole 9 a is opened.
  • the arc furnace 1 is tilted back into its zero position 11 or beyond it.
  • Another method of operation can be carried out in such a way that first the tapping channels 5 are burned out in the lower vessel 2 from the bay side, and, when the melt flows into the bay 6 through the unclosed tap 9 , the tilting operation is initiated.
  • the tapping channel 5 and/or the bay taphole 9 a is cleaned and, if necessary, closed with refractory material.
  • the flange joint 8 is disconnected, and the bay 6 is removed and replaced by a relined bay 6 .
  • the bay 6 can also be advantageously used for the addition of necessary fluxes and alloys or portions of the required amounts of these additives to the bay 6 during the tapping.
  • FIG. 3 shows a process situation in which a hollow plug 14 is inserted through a hollow plug housing 15 with the sluice 13 opened and through the pressure-tight and vacuum-tight cover 16 (with gas valve 17 closed).
  • the bay 6 is pressurized with the gas valve 17 open.
  • a slide gate 18 below the bay taphole 9 a is closed.
  • the hollow plug 14 is moved into a standby or changing position (as illustrated) with the bay taphole 9 a closed by the slide gate 18 .
  • the bay 6 is pressurized, and inert gas bubbles out at the upper edge of the tapping channel 5 in the hearth 3 .
  • the tapping begins.
  • the slide gate 18 is opened, the sand filling that is present runs out, and the bay is unpressurized relative to the atmosphere.
  • the molten metal is then tapped. A few seconds after the start of the tapping, the molten metal flows through the bay taphole 9 a .
  • a negative pressure develops in the bay by the siphon principle.
  • the hollow plug 14 is still in the standby or changing position.
  • the hollow plug 14 moves in, the slide gate 18 closes, sand runs in, and the bay 6 is pressurized with gas.
  • the bay 6 runs empty, as does the tapping channel 5 .
  • the hollow plug 14 moves out into the standby or changing position.
  • the furnace can be completely emptied, if necessary, from the bottom taphole 12 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
US10/491,040 2001-09-26 2002-09-03 Arc furnace and method for operating this arc furnace Abandoned US20040239017A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10147543 2001-09-26
DE10147543.8 2001-09-26
DE10223906.1 2002-05-29
DE10223906A DE10223906A1 (de) 2001-09-26 2002-05-29 Lichtbogenofen und Verfahren zum Betreiben des Lichtbogenofens
PCT/EP2002/009794 WO2003029499A1 (fr) 2001-09-26 2002-09-03 Four a arc et procede pour faire fonctionner ce four a arc

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20040239017A1 true US20040239017A1 (en) 2004-12-02

Family

ID=26010236

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/491,040 Abandoned US20040239017A1 (en) 2001-09-26 2002-09-03 Arc furnace and method for operating this arc furnace

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20040239017A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1432834B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2005504256A (fr)
CN (1) CN1561398A (fr)
CA (1) CA2461568A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2300573C2 (fr)
TW (1) TW574495B (fr)
WO (1) WO2003029499A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070119275A1 (en) * 2005-11-28 2007-05-31 Kemeny Frank L Method for tapping a steel making furnace

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005024924B8 (de) * 2005-05-23 2007-10-25 Strikowestofen Gmbh Schmelz- oder Warmhalteofen
DE102005033287A1 (de) * 2005-07-16 2007-01-25 Sms Demag Ag Schmelzofen und Verfahren zu dessen Betrieb
DE102009013869A1 (de) 2009-03-18 2010-09-23 Sms Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Metallurgisches Gefäß, insbesondere Elektrolichtbogenofen
EP2360282B1 (fr) 2010-02-15 2012-12-12 SMS Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Four à arc électrique
DE102013219682A1 (de) * 2013-09-30 2015-04-02 Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Gmbh Gefäßunterteil, ein damit ausgebildetes metallurgisches Gefäß sowie Elektrolichtbogenofen und Verfahren zu dessen Betrieb

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3321116A (en) * 1964-04-28 1967-05-23 Lebanon Steel Foundry Dispensing ladle with removable frangible drain trough
US4552343A (en) * 1985-05-13 1985-11-12 Insul Company, Inc. Combination electric furnace and slag retaining pouring spout
US5451035A (en) * 1993-05-27 1995-09-19 Sollac (Societe Anonyme) Metallurgical furnace for production of liquid steel

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3231434C1 (de) * 1982-08-20 1983-11-17 Mannesmann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abtrennen von Schlacke
DE3241987C2 (de) 1982-11-10 1986-12-11 Mannesmann Ag, 4000 Duesseldorf Kippbarer Lichtbogenofen
CH665976A5 (en) 1984-05-18 1988-06-30 Marti Technologie Collection vessel fitted to tapping hole of furnace - to enable slag-free melt tapping
DE19826085C2 (de) 1998-06-12 2000-08-03 Sms Demag Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abdichten einer Abstichöffnung in metallurgischen Gefäßen
DE19919378A1 (de) 1999-04-01 2000-10-05 Arcmet Technologie Gmbh Linz Metallurgisches Gefäß mit einer Abstichvorrichtung und Verfahren zum kontrollierten, schlackenfreien Abziehen von flüssigem Metall aus diesem Gefäß

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3321116A (en) * 1964-04-28 1967-05-23 Lebanon Steel Foundry Dispensing ladle with removable frangible drain trough
US4552343A (en) * 1985-05-13 1985-11-12 Insul Company, Inc. Combination electric furnace and slag retaining pouring spout
US5451035A (en) * 1993-05-27 1995-09-19 Sollac (Societe Anonyme) Metallurgical furnace for production of liquid steel

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070119275A1 (en) * 2005-11-28 2007-05-31 Kemeny Frank L Method for tapping a steel making furnace
US7468090B2 (en) * 2005-11-28 2008-12-23 Nupro Corporation Method for tapping a steel making furnace

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2300573C2 (ru) 2007-06-10
CN1561398A (zh) 2005-01-05
EP1432834A1 (fr) 2004-06-30
TW574495B (en) 2004-02-01
RU2004112535A (ru) 2005-03-27
EP1432834B1 (fr) 2018-11-14
CA2461568A1 (fr) 2003-04-10
WO2003029499A1 (fr) 2003-04-10
JP2005504256A (ja) 2005-02-10

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AS Assignment

Owner name: SMS DEMAG AG, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:HEINRICH, PETER;SCHUBERT, MANFRED;REEL/FRAME:015599/0871;SIGNING DATES FROM 20040220 TO 20040319

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION