US20040234589A1 - Dry liposomal PVP-iodine compositions - Google Patents

Dry liposomal PVP-iodine compositions Download PDF

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Publication number
US20040234589A1
US20040234589A1 US10/842,889 US84288904A US2004234589A1 US 20040234589 A1 US20040234589 A1 US 20040234589A1 US 84288904 A US84288904 A US 84288904A US 2004234589 A1 US2004234589 A1 US 2004234589A1
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Prior art keywords
storage stable
composition
iodine
iodophor
package according
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US10/842,889
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English (en)
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Silke Muhlau
Wolfgang Fleischer
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Euro Celtique SA
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Euro Celtique SA
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Assigned to EURO-CELTIQUE S.A. reassignment EURO-CELTIQUE S.A. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MUHLAU, SILKE, FLEISCHER, WOLFGANG
Publication of US20040234589A1 publication Critical patent/US20040234589A1/en
Priority to US13/371,030 priority Critical patent/US9078822B2/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
    • A61K9/127—Liposomes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
    • A61P17/02—Drugs for dermatological disorders for treating wounds, ulcers, burns, scars, keloids, or the like

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to a storage stable package of a iodophor containing particulate pharmaceutically acceptable carrier compositions.
  • the invention is particularly directed to a storage stable package of a PVP-iodine liposome compositions.
  • the packaging material is generally plastic, paper or cardboard.
  • Iodophors are well known germicidal agents comprising the combination of pharmaceutically acceptable, elemental iodine with an organic carrier selected from the group comprising, inter alia, povidone and cationic, anionic and non-ionic detergents.
  • iodophor pharmaceutical preparations often have an inherent limitation of a sharp fall in titratable iodine content with subsequent loss in germicidal potency in storage. While many methods have been devised to obtain a substantially pure, stable iodophor product, products hitherto known in the art comprise variable quantities of iodides, which act to dissolve unreacted elemental iodine and serve as a catalyst for further autodegradation of the iodophor compound. This degradation of the iodophor compound and loss in titratable iodine content results in a lowered potency of pharmaceutical dosage forms containing these compounds and thereby limits the use of these agents for germicidal use.
  • Such free or equilibrium iodine content represents the germicidal potency of the preparation, but not the total iodine content titrated for the preparation nor the apparent distribution of the iodine species.
  • iodophor solutions have been assayed in the art for available or titratable iodine, it is the free or equilibrium iodine which is the particular form of iodine present in the iodophor solution that is instantly available to exert microbicidal action.
  • This form of iodine differs from titratable iodine and the other iodine species present in the iodophor solution. Therefore, the equilibrium iodine content of an iodophor solution is to be distinguished from its titratable iodine content.
  • the titratable iodine content of an iodophor preparation includes the iodine reservoir of the iodophor preparation (povidone iodine), as well as the equilibrium iodine in solution:
  • Povidone-iodine polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine or PVP-I
  • PVP-I polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine
  • Povidone-iodine is a complex of iodine with povidone. It contains not less than 9.0% by weight, and not more than 12% by weight of available iodine (titratable iodine) calculated on a dry basis.
  • Iodophor solutions notably povidone-iodine
  • have been packaged for medicinal use e.g. in soft plastic material bottles or containers which can be used for various medicinal purposes, e.g. douching.
  • elemental iodine equilibrium iodine
  • Elemental iodine not only reacts with the packaging material but also with other reactive ingredients, e.g. unsaturated compounds, of the iodophor preparation resulting in a loss of stability.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,113,857 discloses that when an amount of from 0.005 percent to 1.0 percent by weight of iodate ion is added to a selected quantity of povidone-iodine at the time of its manufacture, there is obtained a polymeric iodophor compound that is uniquely free of iodide ion content and exhibits a preferred stability in aqueous solution, so that the fall in the amount of titratable iodine on aging is greatly reduced whereby no excess quantity of iodophor is necessary in the manufacture of pharmaceutical preparations employing said iodophor product.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,996,048 discloses a method to minimize loss of iodine from an iodophor solution, notably polyvinylpyrrolidone iodophor, which is stored within a packaging, by providing a certain minimal level of additional iodide, in addition to the iodophor solution, which prevents or minimizes leaching of iodine through the packaging itself.
  • the separate introduction of additional iodide, above and apart from the iodide already present in the noted iodophor solution reduces the leaching of any elemental iodine from the iodophor solution through the packaging.
  • EP 0526695 discloses storage stable PVP-I solutions useful for ophthalmic preparations containing an alkanizing agent, which however have to be packaged in glass bottles. Glass bottles are disadvantageous with regard to easy breaking and causing dangerous splinters.
  • EP 0639373 discloses particulate, especially liposomal, preparations for the external application of agents with antiseptic and/or wound healing promoting properties.
  • the preparations are specifically applied to wounds, skin, mucous membranes and mucosa-like unkeratinized epithelial tissues of humans and animals.
  • antiseptics such as povidone iodine is disclosed.
  • Liposomes are highly suited as carriers for antiseptic agents, especially for povidone iodine, and for agents promoting the healing of wounds and provide an extended and topical activity at the desired locus of action by interaction with cell surfaces.
  • the issue of stability is not addressed.
  • Liposomes are well-known drug or compound carriers and thus the application of medicaments in liposomal form has been the subject of investigation for quite some time.
  • An overview concerning the administration of compounds in liposomal form to the skin is provided by the review “Targeted delivery to the pilosebaceous unit via liposomes (Lauer, A.C. et al. (1996), Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 18, 311-324). This review describes the physical-chemical characterisation of liposomal preparations and their therapeutic applications for the treatment of the pilosebaceous unit.
  • Compounds that have been investigated for delivery by liposomes include e.g. anti-cancer agents, peptides, enzymes, anti-asthmatic and anti-allergic compounds and, as mentioned above, also antibiotics.
  • liposomal antiseptic preparations of PVP-I can be used for the treatment of diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract, as disclosed in WO 99/60998 and PCT/EP 99/03681.
  • Such liposomal preparations can be lyophilized.
  • the storage stability of the preparations is not addressed.
  • liposomal antiseptic preparations can additionally be used for the treatment of herpes, acne and other infective diseases of the skin.
  • the prior art problems are overcome by providing a dry particulate iodophor containing composition, especially a lyophilised or freeze-dried composition, and providing a package comprising said dry composition in a plastic, paper or cardboard bottle, sachet, tube or container, as defined in claim 1 .
  • the present invention provides a storage stable package of a particulate iodophor containing pharmaceutically acceptably carrier preparation in the form of a package of a dry particulate iodophor containing pharmaceutically acceptably carrier composition which can be reconstituted to give an applicable preparation.
  • the preparation is suitable for e.g. promoting the healing of wounds, the treatment of herpes, acne and other skin infections or of diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract and provides an extended and topical activity at the desired locus of action.
  • the packaging material comprises e.g. plastic material (hereinafter referred o as “plastic”), paper, cardboard or mixtures thereof and does not comprise glass.
  • the package is a plastic bottle, container, sachet or tube.
  • Suitable plastic materials comprise polypropylene (PP), Polyethylene (PE), cycloolefine copolymer (COC, e.g. Topas®), silicone, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, e.g. Teflon®), polyvinylchlorid (PVC), ethylene vinylalkohol (EVOH), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or mixtures thereof.
  • the package material is in the form of a film, foil, laminate film, or laminate foil comprising aforementioned polymers or mixtures thereof.
  • the plastic material may be of such a nature that it really reacts with, or gets stained by, elemental iodine or, iodine leaches through it under storage conditions. In some preferred embodiments the material would not be suitable for packaging iodophor containing preparations, unless the preparations are dry.
  • the iodophor is PVP-iodine.
  • the dry composition can subsequently be transformed (reconstituted) into an applicable preparation.
  • stabilizers selected from the group of iodide salts, iodate salts and alkanizing agents are not used in the preparations.
  • stabilizers selected from the group of iodine salts, iodate salts and alkanizing agents are used in the preparations.
  • the iodate salts are used when the applicable preparation is a gel.
  • the dry particulate iodophor containing composition can be stored with no degradation of the iodophor and loss in titratable iodine content at temperatures up to at least 25° C. and 60% relative humidity, preferably at least 30° C., and 65% relative humidity in a plastic bottle, container, sachet or tube.
  • the packaging material needs to be substantially impermeable for humidity to be able to keep the composition dry.
  • the material will be selected in accordance with the storage conditions. For rather dry conditions, the requirements for the material will be less, for high humidity conditions the material will have to be selected to be almost impermeable for water vapour. In case direct contact with water is possible, water impermeable materials will have to be selected.
  • the package can be made of a single material, like a plastic film, or a composite material, like a laminate film.
  • a method of storing a iodophor containing preparation as a dry composition in a plastic, paper or cardboard bottle, container, sachet or tube and preparing pharmaceutical preparation ready for application from the dry composition, useful to reduce the degradation of the iodophor and the loss in titratable iodine, comprising the steps of:
  • An alternative method comprises the steps of:
  • An alternative method comprises the steps of:
  • the package comprises a plastic bottle, container, sachet or tube.
  • the mixing with the liquid medium can be accomplished via stirring or shaking.
  • beads can be included.
  • a preferred embodiment is a package that contains two chambers, one for the dry composition and one for the liquid medium, which can be combined to give one mixture of the dry composition with the liquid medium.
  • composition the dry form of the liposome preparation
  • preparation the liposome preparation before drying and any reconstituted liposome preparations obtained from the dry composition and made up for application, are referred to as “preparations”.
  • “storage stable” means that substantially there are no loss of titratable iodine, no decomposition of the composition caused by the reaction of elemental iodine with other ingredients of the composition, no reaction of elemental iodine with the packaging material and no leaching of elemental iodine through the packaging material, when stored for years in a package that keeps the composition dry at normal storing conditions.
  • Normal storing conditions in the context of the invention are up to about 25° C. and up to about 60% relative humidity.
  • Preparations for use in the invention can be produced by loading liposomes with PVP-iodine according to methods known in the art.
  • the liposomal preparations described in EP 0 639 373 are one example. They can be administered in different forms including, e.g. an ointment, a cream, a spray, a lotion, a solution, a suspension, a dispersion or a gel.
  • the liposome preparations disclosed in EP 0 639 373 are incorporated herein by reference.
  • WO 99/60998 and PCT/EP 99/03681 also describe suitable liposome preparations.
  • the liposome preparation disclosed in WO 99/60998 and PCT/EP 99/03681 are also incorporated herein by reference.
  • the dry compositions according to the invention may be obtained from the liposome preparations by drying, preferably freeze-drying.
  • the dry composition can be transformed to the applicable preparation, by mixing with a suitable pharmaceutically acceptable medium such as physiological saline solution, distilled water and other such liquid media.
  • the preparations obtained from the dry compositions according to this invention often contain the active compound(s), such as PVP-iodine, encapsulated in the particulate carrier, especially in liposomes. In this it may occur that there is an amount of compound not encapsulated inside the carrier.
  • the compound(s) may also be associated with the surface of the particulate carriers, as e.g. liposomes.
  • the major part, or even the whole amount, of the active compound(s) may be provided inside or outside the particulate carriers, as e.g. liposomes.
  • the preparations obtained from the dry compositions according to the invention may show a marked initial effect which is observed in addition to the slower, protracted release of the active agent from the carrier. This effect is especially observed where the carrier comprises liposomes.
  • the carrier comprises liposomes.
  • some iodophor is present outside of the liposomes, and probably loosely bound to the outer surfaces of the liposomes. This could be due to complex association of iodophor molecules with the liposomal membrane, or it could be due to active compound molecules forming a layer on the liposomal surface, which layer partly or even fully coats the liposome externally.
  • the type and amount of this initial compound effect can e. g. be influenced by choice of the concentration parameters.
  • protracted or prolonged release means that the active compound(s) is/are released form the pharmaceutical preparation, obtained from the dry compositions, over a time period up to 24 hours.
  • iodophor compounds with liposomes, i.e. whether iodophors can be included in the interior of liposomes or, depending on the circumstances, can associate with the liposome surfaces, depends, among other things, on the components used for formation of the liposomes, as is well known from the above-mentioned references.
  • preparations obtained from the dry composition according to the invention may additionally comprise other anti-inflammatory agents and agents promoting wound-healing. These additional active agents my be present in the dry composition or may be added during the preparation of the applicable preparation from the dry composition.
  • These additional anti-inflammatory agents comprise e.g. phenolic compounds, detergents, alcohols, organic disinfectants including among other things formaldehyde-releasing compounds, phenolic compounds including alkyl and aryl phenolic compounds, as well as halogenated phenolic compounds, chinolines, acridines, hexahydropyrimidines, quaternary ammonia compounds, iminium salts and guadinines.
  • Agents promoting wound-healing comprise those substances that have been described in the literature for such applications.
  • Such compounds comprise substances that are known for promoting the granulation and ephitelization. These include dexpanthenol, alantoines, azulenes, tunnins and vitamins, particularly from the vitamin B group, etc.
  • Inventive preparations obtained from the dry composition can also contain other customary agents, including adjuvants and additives, antioxidants, conserving agents or consistency-forming agents such as viscosity-adjusting additives, emulgators, etc.
  • the person skilled in the art will select these adjuvants and additives in such a way that the ability of preparations obtained from the dry composition, substantially consisting of particulate carriers such as liposomes and a iodophor, to comply with the intended application.
  • Additives may also comprise salts that allow for the regeneration of the active compound, such as the released halogen atom in case of halogen-releasing compounds.
  • PVP-iodine such an additive may be KIO 3 .
  • additives that mediate or enhance penetration of the liposomes into the skin may also be part of the inventive preparations obtained from the dry compositions.
  • Such additives comprise e.g. DMSO.
  • additional agents my be present in the dry composition or may be added during the preparation of the applicable preparation from the dry composition.
  • liposome-forming systems comprising lecithin are preferred.
  • Such systems can comprise hydrogenated soy bean lecithin besides cholesterol and disodium succinatehexahydrate.
  • these compounds may be used, since the dry compositions exhibit enhanced storage stability.
  • hydrogenated soy bean lecithin as the sole membrane-forming agent.
  • Commercially available products such as Phospholipon® 90 H (Aventis, Germany) are also preferred.
  • phospholipid-based liposomes may also be generally used for production of liposomes that discharge their cargo into the skin. According to this review, the use of non-ionic liposomes, which can be formed with phosphatidylcholin, is also an option.
  • Other components that may be used for the formation of micelles are also known to the person skilled in the art and may be used for the production of compositions according to the invention.
  • the known prior art methods for forming liposome structures can generally be used in the context of the invention. Broadly, these methods comprise mechanical agitation of a suitable mixture containing the membrane-forming substance and water or an aqueous solution. Filtration through suitable membranes is preferred in order to form a substantially uniform liposome size.
  • the average size of the liposomes according to this invention can vary over a broad range, generally from about 1 nm to about 100 ⁇ m. Liposomes or particulate carriers having diameters in the range of about 1 ⁇ m and 70 ⁇ m are preferred.
  • the person skilled in the art knows that the efficiency of liposomal penetration into the skin increases with decreasing diameter and that therefore liposomes having diameters of about 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, of about 5 to 7 ⁇ m or about 5 ⁇ m may also be used (Lauer et al., vide supra).
  • the size of liposomes should be selected such that a good penetration into the skin is guaranteed.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention therefore comprises liposomes having a diameter of between about 1 and 25 ⁇ m.
  • Such liposomal preparations are then dried, e.g. lyophilized, to give the dry composition, which is subsequently packaged for storage.
  • the dry compositions are mixed with a suitable pharmaceutical medium to form the applicable preparation.
  • suitable pharmaceutical medium comprise gel-like formulations with medium or high viscosity, emulsions, dispersions, suspensions, solutions, ointments, waxes, sprays, lotions, etc.
  • Liposomes in more fluid preparations may be generally more suited for treatment of bacterial infections, while liposomes in more gel-like formulations are generally better suited for treatment of viral infections. It seems that symptoms that are due to viral infections are preferably treated with preparations according to the invention that allow for longer contact times with the affected body areas. Symptoms due to bacterial infections may be treated preferably with preparations that provide shorter contact times with the affected body areas.
  • a preferred preparation obtainable from the dry composition, comprises liposomes in a gel-like preparation such as a gel of medium to high viscosity, waxes or an ointment. Additionally these preparations preferably comprise liposomes of rather large size such as liposomes having a diameter of between about 1 ⁇ m and 30 ⁇ m, preferably between about 10 ⁇ m and 30 ⁇ m, more preferably between 20 ⁇ m and 30 ⁇ m and most preferably at around 25 ⁇ m.
  • the formulation as a Hydrogel is preferred. If in the context use is made of the term “gel”, this thus always includes a Hydrogel.
  • liposomes having a rather small average diameter are better suited for production of solutions, dispersions, suspensions. Such rather small diameters typically comprise diameters of around 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, or even smaller in the case of solutions.
  • gel or ointment formulations may comprise liposome of a size of up to 50 ⁇ m.
  • particulate carriers are generally prepared as known in the art.
  • microspheres which are used to deliver a very wide range of therapeutic or cosmetic agents, are made as described for example in WO 95/15118.
  • Nanoparticles may in some cases be used, provided that they can be loaded with a sufficient amount of active agent. They can be prepared according to the methods known in the art, as e. g. described by Heyder (GSF Ober) in“Drugs delivered to the lung, Abstracts IV, Hilton Head Island Conference, May 1998.
  • PLD pulse laser deposition
  • a further suitable delivery system employs Large Porous Particles as disclosed by David A. Edwards et al. in “Large Porous Particles for Pulmonary Drug Delivery” (Science, 20. Jun. 1997, Vol. 276, p 1868-1871).
  • the concentrations in the preparation and dry composition, respectively, particle sizes, active agent loadings etc. will be selected for such alternative carriers to correspond basically to the parameters discussed herein with respect to liposome preparations. Selecting and providing such parameters based inter alia on straightforward experimentation, is well within the skill of an ordinary worker experienced in this art.
  • the amount of active agents in an inventive compositions will be determined by the desired effect on the one hand and the carrying capacity of the carrier preparation for the agent on the other hand.
  • the amount of active agent in an inventive carrier composition can range in concentrations between the lower limit of effectiveness of the agent and the maximum loading of the agent in the respective carrier composition.
  • the iodophor compounds are present in the inventive compositions in a pharmaceutically sufficient amount.
  • the dry composition will be compounded to result in applicable liposome preparations by adding a suitable amount of the pharmaceutically acceptable medium and exhibit the desired concentrations. 300 g of a dry liposome composition will usually contain between 3 to 200 g of the iodophor.
  • Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable media consist of or comprise media like water, oils, typical prior art ointment basis substances, gel-forming substances, e.g. ager, alginates, alginic acid, Arabic gum, gelatine, starch, tragacanth gum, methylcellulose, hydroxyethyl-cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrolidone (PVP) and polyacrylic acid and optionally usual auxiliary compounds.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable medium usually comprises all other ingredients necessary to result in the final applicable preparation upon mixing with the dry liposome composition. Alternatively all ingredients may be present in the dry composition and the applicable preparation is obtained solely by mixing with water, or some other liquid.
  • the package comprises the dry, iodophor containing, particulate pharmaceutically acceptable carrier composition and separately a suitable amount of the pharmaceutically acceptable medium which is necessary to reconstitute the applicable preparation.
  • the packages comprise beads, which enhance the mixing of the dry composition with the liquid medium to form the preparation.
  • the beads are preferably made of ceramic, metal or plastic materials.
  • the final applicable preparation may be either mixed immediately before use or is mixed, stored and used in a certain time limit.
  • a solution, dispersion, oil, ointment or gel in an inventive carrier preparation can contain between 0.1 and 10 g of iodophor in 100 g of preparation.
  • Such a preparation will then typically contain between 1 and 5 g of liposome membrane-forming substance, especially lecithin, per 100 g of preparation.
  • iodophor compound concentrations such as of e.g. PVP-iodine concentration of the applicable preparation are normally between 1% to 10% and preferably 1% to 5% by weight.
  • a typical range of PVP-iodine will be between 0.5 and 10 g compound, and between 1 and 5 g, preferably about 4 g of liposome membrane forming agent such as hydrogenated soy bean lecithin per 100 g of lotion.
  • electrolyte solution will often be used in preparing the liposome-containing lotion.
  • a lipophilic lotion will often be made from compound, membrane-forming substance and lipophilic formation agents such as medium chain length triglycerides, etc.
  • a hydrophilic cream comprising an inventive liposome composition will generally comprise between 0.1 and 10 g PVP-iodine, together with between about 1 and 10 g membrane forming substance and further typical O/W cream forming additives per 100 g of cream.
  • a comparable amphiphilic cream according to the invention will have similar contents of agent and membrane forming substance such as lecithin, and will have the typical further additives of an amphiphilic cream.
  • a hydrophilic ointment according to the invention can broadly comprise between 0.1 and 10 g compound and between 1 and 10 g liposome membrane forming substance such as lecithin, together with typical prior art ointment basis substances such as MacrogolTM and water in 100 g of ointment.
  • a non-alcoholic hydrogel according to the invention could broadly comprise between 1 and 5 g PVP-iodine, approximately 2-4 g lecithin and gel-forming substances such as Carbopol®, with pH-adjusting agent and water to form 100 g of hydrogel.
  • An inventive aerosol or spray preparation will often comprise up to 50 mg, but could comprise up to and above 100 mg of liposomal active compound formulation per unit spray dose.
  • the spray preparation will typically comprise at least 10% wt of PVP-iodine in the loaded liposomes (or alternative carrier particles), but may comprise up to 50% wt or even more of active agent.
  • the amount of available iodine will generally be about 10% wt (based on PVP-iodine).
  • povidone iodine is exemplified as iodophor and liposomes are chosen as the carrier.
  • other particulate carriers such as “large porous particles” or other micelles, nanoparticles, etc. can be formulated with agents like PVP-iodine.
  • lipid membrane-forming components e. g. lecithin
  • a suitable solvent such as chloroform or a 2:1 mixture of methanol and chloroform
  • a lipid film is then produced on a sterile high surface substrate, such as glass beads, by controlled evaporation of the solvent.
  • a sterile high surface substrate such as glass beads
  • An aqueous system is prepared from electrolyte components and the (one or more) active agents to be incorporated in the liposome preparation.
  • Such an aqueous system can e. g. comprise 10 mmol/1 sodium hydrogen phosphate and 0.9% sodium chloride, at ph 7.4; the aqueous system will further comprise at least the desired amount of iodophor which in the embodiment examples is povidone iodide. Often, the aqueous system will comprise an excess amount of agent or agents.
  • the liposomes are generally formed by agitating said aqueous system in the presence of said film formed by the lipid components. At this stage, further additives can be added to improve liposome formation; e. g. sodium cholate. Liposome formation can also be influenced by mechanical action such as pressure filtration through e. g. polycarbonate membranes, or centrifuging. Generally, the raw liposome dispersion will be washed, e. g. with electrolyte solution as used in preparing the above-described solution of the active agent.
  • liposomes with the required size distribution When liposomes with the required size distribution have been obtained and washed, they can be redispersed in an electrolyte solution as already described, often also comprising sugars such as saccharose or a suitable sugar substitute.
  • the dispersion is then dried, preferably lyophilized.
  • samples of 10-20 g each are freeze dried (freezing for 22 h at ⁇ 20° C. and drying for 3 h at ⁇ 40° C. and 0.5 mbar).
  • the preparation is a gel.
  • the composition that can be made up for application as a gel can be prepared by the methods comprising: freeze drying of a liposomal PVP-I gel; freeze drying of polyacrylate gel, freeze drying of a mixture comprising PVP-I, KIO 3 and liposomes and blending the freeze dried polyacrylate gel and the freeze dried mixture comprising PVP-I, KIO 3 and liposomes; freeze drying a mixture comprising polyacrylate gel and liposomes, freeze drying of a PVP-I/KIO 3 solution and blending the freeze dried mixture comprising polyacrylate gel and liposomes and the freeze dried PVP-I/KIO 3 -solution; freeze drying a mixture comprising polyacrylate gel, PVP-I and KIO 3 , freeze drying a liposomal dispersion and blending the freeze dried mixture comprising polyacrylate gel, PVP-I and KIO 3 and the freeze dried liposomal dispersion; freeze drying of a polyacrylate gel
  • the dry compositions can, prior to use, be made up for application by the addition of a suitable pharmaceutical acceptable medium.
  • a suitable pharmaceutical acceptable medium is water.
  • the dry compositions can be stored in packages e.g. made of paper, cardboard or plastic for more than 2 years at temperatures up to 25° C. and 60% relative humidity, preferably 30° C. and 65% relative humidity.
  • the composition is stored in a plastic bottle or container.
  • the liposomes-containing dispersion may comprise additional additives and adjuvants that can influence the appearance of the liposomal preparations.
  • the inventive liposomal dispersion may contain e.g. colour pigments that ensure that the slightly yellow or brown colours that are due to PVP-iodine or released iodine are not visible.
  • liposomes or the pharmaceutical liposome-containing preparations may comprise additives that influence the consistency and the smell of the preparations.
  • additives may already be present in the dry composition or are later added with the pharmaceutical acceptable medium.
  • the PVP iodine solution was then added to the lipid film in the flask and the mixture was shaken until the film dissolved.
  • the resulting liposome formulation was separated from the hydrated lipids in the flask.
  • the product was centrifuged and the supernatant liquid was discarded.
  • the saccharose solution was added ad 12 ml and the product was again centrifuged. Afterwards the supernatant liquid was again discarded.
  • a further washing step using the saccharose solution or the sodium chloride buffer solution could be carried out.
  • each vial comprised about 40 mg solids.
  • Embodiment Example I has a minor disadvantage in that the PVP iodine solution used, due to the high percentage of solids, is rather viscous and thus more difficult to handle.
  • freeze dried compositions are placed in a polypropylene container for storage.
  • the above-described method uses a hydrating step after film formation in the presence of organic solvents and aims at inclusion rates of 5 to 15%. These methods generally produce rather large and often multi-lamellar liposomes.
  • the above-described methods can be modified by a high pressure filtering step through a suitable membrane such as a polycarbonate membrane after the raw liposomes have been formed or after any of the subsequent washing steps or directly by using high pressure homogenization. This produces much smaller, unilamellar liposomes at increased amounts of encapsulated agent.
  • a hydrophilic (O/W) cream was prepared from 10 g hydrogenated soy bean lecithine/PVP iodine liposomes as described in Embodiment Example II; these were mixed with 4 g Polysorbate 40TM, 8 g cetylstearyl alcohol, 8 g glycerol, 24 g white vaseline, and water ad 100 g.
  • An amphiphilic cream was prepared from 10 g hydrogenated soy bean lecithine/povidone iodine liposomes as described in Embodiment Example II; 7.5 g medium chain length tryglyceride, 7 g polyoxyethyleneglycerol monostearate, 6 g cetylstearyl alcohol, 8 g propylene glycol, 25 g white vaseline, and water ad 100 g.
  • a hydrophilic ointment which can be rinsed off with water was prepared using 10 g of liposomal PVP iodine as described in Embodiment Example II, 55 g Macrogol 400TM, 25 g Macrogol 4000TM, and water ad 100 g.
  • a hydrogel was prepared from 4 g liposomal PVP iodine as described in Embodiment Example II, 0.5 g Carbopol® 980 NFTM, sodium hydroxide ad pH 7.0, water ad 100 g. Further modifications of the above-described embodiments are envisaged.
  • the creams of Embodiment Examples IV and V can have an additional content of an agent known to promote the healing of wounds, such as allantoin.
  • Such an agent will be added in a pharmaceutically useful concentration, in the case of allantoin in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 g, per 100 g of cream.
  • the wound healing agent can be incorporated in the cream base, in which case it will largely be outside the liposomes. It can, however, be partly or mostly incorporated in the liposomes, in which case it will be added at a corresponding suitable stage of the liposome composition method.
  • a bellows device is provided between an upstream and a downstream valve, both valves operating one way in the same direction.
  • a supply of pharmaceutical preparation such as an ointment or gel, is contained in a reservoir upstream of the valves-and-bellows device.
  • the downstream valve When compressing the bellows, the downstream valve opens and permits a dosed amount of preparation to leave the device for application. When the bellows is extended, this valve shuts and prevents reentry of the preparation. At the same time, the upstream valve opens and permits preparation from the reservoir to enter into the bellows, for release through the downstream valve upon the next compression step of the bellows.
  • the reservoir is sealed by a closure element which can move through the reservoir like a piston moves in a cylinder.
  • a closure element By the stepwise emptying of the reservoir, this closure element is sucked into the reservoir, so that the remaining amount of pharmaceutical preparation in the reservoir is always sealed off, while at the same time the reservoir can be emptied.
  • Such a device is useful for pasty preparations, creams, ointments etc.
  • the pharmaceutical preparation is contained in a bag of flexible plastics film material. Often, this is high pressure polyethylene.
  • the bag is contained inside a gas tight pressure vessel which further contains a supply of pressurizing gas, very often a compressed inert gas like nitrogen or air.
  • the plastic film bag has only one outlet, which is gas-tightly connected to the interior wall of the pressure vessel, surrounding a single opening thereof.
  • the pressurized gas in the vessel tends to compress the bag, driving the pharmaceutical preparation inside the bag out through the opening of the bag and thus through the opening of the vessel.
  • a valve and, in case, spray-head device is provided in the vessel mouth. Operating the valve releases a spray mist, a jet of liquid or a portion of flowable solid such as cream. Using such a system, solutions, emulsions, creams, ointments and gels can be dosed and applied.
  • the applicators are designed to contain a separate chamber for the dry composition and a chamber for the liquid medium, which can be combined to obtain one chamber containing the dry composition and the liquid medium which via shaking give the applicable preparation.
  • one of the chambers contains additionally beads of ceramic, metal or plastic materials to enhance the blending via shaking.
  • a dry liposomal composition was prepared. The amounts shown in Table 1 were used either for analytical or scale up compositions. TABLE I Pos. Substance Amount (g/100 g) Scale up (kg/1500 kg) A H 2 O 15.0 200.0 A Phospolipon 90 H 3.0 45.0 B H 2 O 40.0 600.0 B Carbopol ® 980 NF 1.5 22.5 C H 2 O 2.0 30.0 C KIO 3 0.0708 1.09 D H 2 O 20.0 300.0 D PVP-iodine 30/06 3.0 45.0 Avalaible iodine (10%) E H 2 O 2.5 50.0 F H 2 O 2.5 50.0 G H 2 O 4.6 69.0 G NaOH solid 0.46 6.9 I Citric acid, H 2 O free 0.1065 1.059 I Na 2 (HPO) 4 , H 2 O free 0.225 3.37 I H 2 O 3.0 45.0 H H 2 O ad 100.0 ad 1500
  • Pos. stands for Position (see also below Table 2).
  • Phospholipon® 90 H was purchased from Aventis (Germany).
  • Carbopol® 980 NF was purchased from Noveon Inc. (USA) or Gattefosse (Germany) and PVP Iodine 30/06 was purchased from BASF (Germany).
  • homogenize gel in conventional Homogenization time can vary: homogenisator for 2 min at 3000 upm. shorten to 1 min prolong to 10 min (caution! gel structure may be destroyed) Subsequently stir gel for 30 min at 30 upm in Stirring time can be altered as desired. Only conventional stirrer. Eventually control again for condition is that gel is free of agglomerates at the Polayacrylicacid-agglomerates. end. If present, remove them and stir again for 15 min Swelling time may be altered from 15 min to 5 days. at 30 upm. Eventually homogenize again. Preferably the gel has formed before other substances are added. Let gel swell for at least 14 h. Adjustment of pH to 2-8 may be performed at this stage.
  • Adjustment to pH 3-6 is preferred.
  • 2 Dissolve H 2 O and KIO 3 completely in a suitable H 2 O-temperature may be adjusted to anywhere vessel (Pos. C). Alternatively a 30-40% KIO 3 between ambient temperature and 100° C. solution may be used. KIO 3 is not obligatory.
  • Other Bases or substances suggested by the supplier of the gel forming substances may also be used for formation of gel structure as e.g.
  • phase transition Phospholipon ® 90 H (Pos. A). Take care that no temperature. agglomerates are formed. Stir dispersion for further 90 min at 65° C.-70° C. Other liposome-forming materials or mixtures thereof and 1000 upm. may be used. Subsequently cool liposomal dispersion to ⁇ 30° C. Stirring time and speed: Is dependent on equipment. while stirring at 500 upm A complete dispersion has to be achieved. Apparatus of the rotor/stator principle, high pressure homogenisators, ultrasound or extrusion technology may also be used for stirring. 6 By adding the NaOH-solution (No.
  • the gel is Further processing to a gel may be feasible without adjusted to a pH of 3.0 ( ⁇ 0.2). pH pre-adjustment and is dependent on the gel- forming substance 7
  • the KIO 3 solution (No.2) is added to the PVP- Reaction between KIO 3 and PVP-iodine is time Iodine solution (No. 4) while stirring at 1000 upm. dependent. To ensure a complete reaction, the stirring Stirring continued for at least 60 min. time has to adapted accordingly. Thus, stirring time may be between 10 min and 2 h 8
  • the PVP-iodine-KIO 3 -solution is pumped into Stirring time is variable depending on until when an the liposomal dispersion (No. 5). homogeneous mixture has formed.
  • the PVP-iodine-KIO 3 -liposomes-dispesion is Stirring time is variable depending on until when an added to the gel (No. 6). homogeneous mixture has formed. It is stirred for 30 min at 30 upm. Stirring time should be as short as possible so that gel structure gets not disrupted. Subsequently homogenization is performed by forced circulation pumping for 2 min at 2800 upm. After checking for agglomerates, it may be homogenized for further 1-2 min. 10 Remove agglomerates if present. Adjust stirring time and speed to gel quality. Add 50.0 kg NaOH-solution (in the scale up, point Amounts of NaOH may vary.
  • the desired product quality is while stirring for 15 min at 30 upm. achieved by addition of the buffer. Degas by application of vacuum. Stirring time is variable depending on until when an homogeneous mixture has formed. Degasing may be achieved by other means than vacuum. 13 Add the remaining H 2 O-amount (Pos. H) and stir Stirring time is variable depending on until when an for 30 min at 25 upm homogeneous mixture has formed. Optionally homogenization may be performed by circulation pressure pumping for 15 sec at 1000 upm. Stir for another 30 min. Check visually for agglomerates
  • Positions E and F of Table I are used for washing the KIO 3 — and the PVP-iodine vessels (points 2 and 4 of Table II).
  • This liposomal PVP-I gel is freeze dried subsequently. Samples of 10 g each are frozen at ⁇ 20° C. for 22 h and subsequently dried at ⁇ 40° C. and 0.5 mbar for 3 hours. The dry composition is filled in a polypropylene container for storage. One sample was mixed with X g of water by stirring with a spatula. The resulting mixture was the reconstituted hydrogel and ready for application.

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US10/842,889 2003-05-19 2004-05-10 Dry liposomal PVP-iodine compositions Abandoned US20040234589A1 (en)

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US20080038330A1 (en) * 1998-05-27 2008-02-14 Euro-Celtique S.A. Preparations for the application of anti-inflammatory, especially antiseptic agents and/or agents promoting the healing of wounds of the lower respiratory tract
US20170000820A1 (en) * 2011-05-11 2017-01-05 Veloce Biopharma, Llc Antifungal compositions for the treatment of skin and nails
US20190209471A1 (en) * 2018-01-11 2019-07-11 Panaseea, LLC Buffered compositions and methods for their use in surface treatments
CN114502205A (zh) * 2019-08-18 2022-05-13 艾威药业公司 含稀聚维酮碘制剂的稳定药品

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US8965276B2 (en) * 2007-08-31 2015-02-24 Allen-Vanguard Corporation Radio antenna assembly and apparatus for controlling transmission and reception of RF signals
WO2017204896A1 (en) * 2016-05-26 2017-11-30 Becton, Dickinson And Company Methods and devices for liposome preparation by centrifugation
CN110121648B (zh) * 2016-11-15 2022-07-26 贝克顿迪金森法国公司 预装注射器中生物制品的稳定性的评价方法
DE102020216516A1 (de) 2020-12-22 2022-06-23 Vetter Pharma-Fertigung GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren und Fertigungsvorrichtung zum Sterilisieren eines Innenraums einer Verpackung sowie Verpackung mit sterilisiertem Innenraum

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US5078987A (en) * 1988-05-20 1992-01-07 Sunstar K.K. Iodine microbicide composition
US5863556A (en) * 1993-08-20 1999-01-26 Euro-Celtique, S.A. Preparations for the external application of antiseptic agents and/or agents promoting the healing of wounds
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US20080038330A1 (en) * 1998-05-27 2008-02-14 Euro-Celtique S.A. Preparations for the application of anti-inflammatory, especially antiseptic agents and/or agents promoting the healing of wounds of the lower respiratory tract

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US3687855A (en) * 1969-05-05 1972-08-29 Synergistics Inc Solid iodophor cleansing compositions
US4113857A (en) * 1977-05-16 1978-09-12 The Purdue Frederick Company Process for the preparation of iodophor compounds and methods for stabilizing iodophor pharmaceutical compositions containing the same
US4725434A (en) * 1985-03-18 1988-02-16 Euroceltique, S.A. Process for the preparation of a free flowing, homogeneous, iodophor containing wound powder
US5078987A (en) * 1988-05-20 1992-01-07 Sunstar K.K. Iodine microbicide composition
US4996048A (en) * 1988-11-30 1991-02-26 Euroceltique, S.A. Stabilizing packaged iodophor and minimizing leaching of iodine through packaging
US5863556A (en) * 1993-08-20 1999-01-26 Euro-Celtique, S.A. Preparations for the external application of antiseptic agents and/or agents promoting the healing of wounds
US20080038330A1 (en) * 1998-05-27 2008-02-14 Euro-Celtique S.A. Preparations for the application of anti-inflammatory, especially antiseptic agents and/or agents promoting the healing of wounds of the lower respiratory tract
US7297344B1 (en) * 1999-05-27 2007-11-20 Euro-Celtique, S.A. Preparations for the promotion of wound healing in the upper respiratory tract and/or ear
US7300667B1 (en) * 1999-05-27 2007-11-27 Euro-Celtique, S.A. Preparations for the application of anti-inflammatory, especially antiseptic agents and/or agents promoting the healing of wounds, to the lower respiratory tract

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080038330A1 (en) * 1998-05-27 2008-02-14 Euro-Celtique S.A. Preparations for the application of anti-inflammatory, especially antiseptic agents and/or agents promoting the healing of wounds of the lower respiratory tract
US20170000820A1 (en) * 2011-05-11 2017-01-05 Veloce Biopharma, Llc Antifungal compositions for the treatment of skin and nails
US20190209471A1 (en) * 2018-01-11 2019-07-11 Panaseea, LLC Buffered compositions and methods for their use in surface treatments
CN114502205A (zh) * 2019-08-18 2022-05-13 艾威药业公司 含稀聚维酮碘制剂的稳定药品

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PH12004000197B1 (en) 2008-10-28
CA2462741A1 (en) 2004-11-19
ATE371436T1 (de) 2007-09-15
DK1479379T3 (da) 2008-01-02
DE60315955T2 (de) 2008-06-05
US20120282323A1 (en) 2012-11-08
EP1479379B1 (de) 2007-08-29
IL161281A0 (en) 2004-09-27
ES2292874T3 (es) 2008-03-16
US9078822B2 (en) 2015-07-14
EP1479379A1 (de) 2004-11-24
DE60315955D1 (de) 2007-10-11
CA2462741C (en) 2009-02-24
MX251220B (es) 2007-11-01
CY1107023T1 (el) 2012-09-26
PT1479379E (pt) 2007-10-23

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