US20030175277A1 - Therapeutic formulations containing venom or venom anti-serum either alone or in combination for the therapeutic prophylaxis and therapy of neoplasms - Google Patents

Therapeutic formulations containing venom or venom anti-serum either alone or in combination for the therapeutic prophylaxis and therapy of neoplasms Download PDF

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US20030175277A1
US20030175277A1 US09/254,623 US25462399A US2003175277A1 US 20030175277 A1 US20030175277 A1 US 20030175277A1 US 25462399 A US25462399 A US 25462399A US 2003175277 A1 US2003175277 A1 US 2003175277A1
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phospholipase
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venom
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Elizabeth Shanahan-Prendergast
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Priority to US11/735,025 priority patent/US20080044431A1/en
Priority to US12/623,984 priority patent/US20100196459A1/en
Priority to US13/444,416 priority patent/US8580744B2/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
    • C07K16/40—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against enzymes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
    • A61K35/56—Materials from animals other than mammals
    • A61K35/58—Reptiles
    • A61K35/583—Snakes; Lizards, e.g. chameleons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/43—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/46—Hydrolases (3)
    • A61K38/465—Hydrolases (3) acting on ester bonds (3.1), e.g. lipases, ribonucleases
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K39/38—Antigens from snakes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K39/395—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
    • A61P11/06—Antiasthmatics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
    • A61P13/12—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the kidneys
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
    • A61P17/06—Antipsoriatics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
    • A61P19/02—Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/18—Antipsychotics, i.e. neuroleptics; Drugs for mania or schizophrenia
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P33/00—Antiparasitic agents
    • A61P33/02—Antiprotozoals, e.g. for leishmaniasis, trichomoniasis, toxoplasmosis
    • A61P33/06—Antimalarials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
    • A61P37/08—Antiallergic agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Y—ENZYMES
    • C12Y301/00—Hydrolases acting on ester bonds (3.1)
    • C12Y301/01—Carboxylic ester hydrolases (3.1.1)
    • C12Y301/01004—Phospholipase A2 (3.1.1.4)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Y—ENZYMES
    • C12Y301/00—Hydrolases acting on ester bonds (3.1)
    • C12Y301/04—Phosphoric diester hydrolases (3.1.4)
    • C12Y301/04011—Phosphoinositide phospholipase C (3.1.4.11)
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Definitions

  • the present invention comprises the method of treating a host organisms (man or animal) in need of a drug having direct or prophylactic anti-neoplastic activity comprising the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of Phospholipase A 2 targeted venom anti-serum alone or in combination with a known Phospholipase C anti-serum or a Phospholipase C inhibitory compound.
  • a vaccine containing in whole or in part snake or insect venom or mammalian PLA 2 components comprising epitopes demonstrating Phospholipase A 2 activity and/or Phospholipase C enzyme components.
  • This patent presents therapeutic pharmaceutical formulations containing snake and/or insect venoms, or extracts from such venoms which contain, total or partial, phospholipase A 2 enzyme activity or PLA 2 epitopes.
  • This patent presents therapeutic pharmaceutical formulations containing anti-serum to snake and/or insect venoms and/or mammalian PLA 2 enzymes wherein the anti-serum has been preferably affinity purified for use in treating patients suffering from neoplastic disease.
  • This patent presents pharmaceutical formulations containing organic polymer mimic molecules generated to snake and/or insect venoms or the PLA 2 enzyme components thereof and/or PLA 2 enzymes isolated from insect mammalian on plant cells, and/or Phospholipase C enzyme preparation or extract from such venoms which may contain, total or partial, phospholipase A 2 enzyme activity.
  • the present invention comprises the method of treating host organisms (i.e. human or animal) in need of a drug having anti-neoplastic activity comprising the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of venom anti-serum either alone or preferably in combination with a Phospholipase C inhibitor of non-toxic nature or monoclonal or polyclonal anti-serum to Phospholipase C enzyme or a vaccine containing in whole or in part venom and/or other components of animal, insect or plant origin showing Phospholipase A 2 and/or Phospholipase C activity.
  • This patent presents pharmaceutical formulations containing snake and/or insect venoms, or extracts from such venoms which may contain, total or partial.
  • Phospholipase A 2 enzyme activity alone or in combination with animal or plant Phospholipase A 2 with or without Phospholipase C inhibiting compounds or Phospholipase C mono or polyclonal anti-serum to Phospholipase C enzyme as therapeutic vaccine candidate for all neoplastic diseases.
  • This patent presents therapeutic pharmaceutical formulations containing anti-serum to snake and/or insect venoms wherein the antiserum is preferably affinity purified for use in treating neoplastic diseases.
  • This patent presents pharmaceutical formulations containing organic polymer mimic molecules generated to snake and/or insect and/or mammalian and/or plant PLA 2 enzymes or epitopes, or extract from such venoms or synthetic peptides and/or other molecules which may contain, total or partial. Phospholipase A and C enzyme activity.
  • Phospholipase A 2 are lipolytic enzymes that hydrolyze the sn-2-acylester bond in glycerophospholipids. Many forms of PLA 2 exist in nature and have been described and classified into several groups. Types I, II and III PLA 2 are low molecular weight peptides (13-18 kDa) extra-cellular enzymes. including pancreatic and cobra venom PLA 2 (type I), rattle snake and inflammatory PLA 2 (type II) and bee venom type III. Intracellular cytosolic PLA 2 belong to different groups, including the 85 kDa (type IV) and 40-75 kDa enzymes.
  • Affinity purified anti-serum to venoms, animal or plant tissue demonstrating the ability to bind PLA 2 enzymes are shown herein below, by way of example, to be active in-vitro and in-vivo anti-proliferative neoplastic agents. Accordingly, these affinity purified antisera either alone or in combination with non-toxic Phospholipase C inhibitor or anti-serum to Phospholipase C are useful in the control of proliferation of neoplastic tissue.
  • Phospholipase A 2 (PLA 2 ) is involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases.
  • Phospholipase A 2 Phospholipase A 2
  • enzymatic products are elevated during infection, inflammatory diseases, tissue injury and brain dysfunction and is a very early indication of neoplastic development prior to tumour cell mass being evident by conventional methods of scanning tissue tumours.
  • Phospholipase A 2 activity may promote chronic inflammation, allergic reaction, tissue damage and pathophysiological complications These effects may be the result of accumulating Phospholipase A 2 products (lysophospholipids and free fatty acids, e.g. Arachidonic Acid) and destruction of key structural phospholipid membrane components, but are potentated by secondary metabolites, such as eicosanoids and platelet-activating factor.
  • Phospholipase A 2 products or lipid mediators derived therefrom have been implicated in numerous activities that are an integral part of cell activation: chemotaxis, adhesion, degranulation, phagocytosis and aggregation.
  • Phospholipase A 2 secreted excessively at local sites may be responsible for tissue damage common to rheumatic disorders, alveolar epithelial injury of lung disease and reperfusion.
  • Prostaglandins and related eicosanoids are important mediators and regulators of both immune and inflammatory responses.
  • Prostaglandin E 2 induces bone resorption and Leukotriene B 4 stimulates vascodilation and chemotaxis.
  • Increased levels of Phospholipase A 2 is noted in Rheumatoid Arthritis (R. A.), osteoarthritis, gout, collagen and vascular diseases
  • Phospholipase A 2 induces non specific airway hyperactivity that is evident in asthma.
  • Phospholipase A 2 is also elevated in peritonitis, septic shock, renal failure, pancreatis, Chrons and Graves Disease.
  • interleukin 1 ⁇ interleukin 1 ⁇
  • IL-2 interleukin-2
  • IFN ⁇ interferon ⁇
  • IL-4 interleukin-4
  • PGE 2 prostaglandin E 2
  • histamine histamine
  • PGE 2 is formed from arachidonic acid in monocytes, macrophages, cancer cells and other cells, when aracnidonic acid is released from cellular phospholipids.
  • the formation of PGE 2 is stimulated by several compounds, including histamine, IL-1 ( ⁇ and ⁇ ) and Tumour Necrosis Factor ⁇ (TNF ⁇ ).
  • PGE 2 inhibits the formation and receptor expression of IL-2 by increasing the level of cyclic AMP (cAMP) in helper T cells. This concomitantly decreases the formation of IFN ⁇ .
  • cAMP cyclic AMP
  • PGE 2 inhibits the ability of natural killer cells (NK) to bind with tumour cells by increasing cAMP in Natural Killer Cells. This decreases tumour cell killing.
  • NK natural killer cells
  • tumour cells When the immune system is stimulated to destroy tumour cells. the killing is prevented because IL-1 ⁇ stimulates PGE 2 formation in tumour cells, which increases cAMP levels in NK cells and prevents the binding of NK and tumour cells.
  • Cytotoxic T cells can also produce PGE 2 thus inhibiting the activity of NK cells.
  • Prostaglandins E 2 has been shown to effect significantly cell proliferation in tumour growth and to suppress immune responsiveness.
  • Phosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase C is an important enzyme for intracellular signalling. There are at least three major classes of Phosphatidylinositol specific Phospholipase C (PtdInsPLC. PtdInsPLC ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ).
  • PtdlnsPLCs hydrolyse a minor membrane phospholipid, phosphatidylinositol (4, 5) bisphosphate (PtdIns (4,5) P 2 ) to give the second messengers inositol (1, 4, 5) trisphosphate (Ins (1, 4, 5) P 3 ), which releases Ca++ from intracellular stores to increase the intracellular free CA++ concentration, and diacylglycerol which activates the Ca++ and phospholipid-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase, protein kinase C. Proteins phosphorylated by protein kinase C include transcription factors. Together, the increase in intracellular free Ca++ concentration and the activation of protein kinase C lead to a series of events that culminate in DNA synthesis and cell proliferation in tumour cells.
  • a number of growth factors and mitogens including platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and bombesin, act through specific receptors to increase Ptd Ins PLC activity in cells. Continued stimulation of Ptd Ins PLC can lead to cell transformation.
  • PDGF platelet-derived growth factor
  • EGF epidermal growth factor
  • bombesin act through specific receptors to increase Ptd Ins PLC activity in cells. Continued stimulation of Ptd Ins PLC can lead to cell transformation.
  • Ptd Ins PLC activity is found to be increased in a number of human tumours. 76% of human breast cancers have detectable Ptd Ins PLC- ⁇ immunoreactive protein compared to only 6% in benign breast tissue,
  • Cytosolic Ptd Ins PLC activity is increased up to >4-fold in human non-small cell lung cancer and renal cell cancer compared to normal tissue.
  • the present invention comprises the method of treating mammals including humans in need of a drug to prevent neoplastic tissue growth and spread by the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of venom anti-serum prepared to whole venom or to parts of the venom or components of plant or animal origin which demonstrate PLA 2 activity
  • venom anti-serum prepared to whole venom or to parts of the venom or components of plant or animal origin which demonstrate PLA 2 activity
  • enhanced anti-cancer effects both in-vitro and in-vivo have been realised by combining this affinity purified anti-serum to PLA 2 components and/or mammalian PLA 2 with a non-toxic inhibitor of Phospholipase C or with anti-serum (polyclonal or monoclonal) developed to Phospholipase C enzyme.
  • This patent relates to the administration of one or more compounds which can generally be described as performing their fimction by either directly or indirectly causing Phospholipase A 2 and/or Phospholipase C enzyme inhibition, wherein the said inhibition is either partial or total.
  • this patent relates to the administration of one or more compounds which can generally be described as performing their function by interaction with the neoplastic cell membrane preventing their growth or spread. thus preventing further disruption of non-involved organs of the body and causing no toxicity to the infected patient or animal being treated.
  • Additional aspects of the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds of the invention as active ingredients, modifying unwanted immune responses, and to methods of retarding proliferation of tumour cells using the compounds and compositions of this invention.
  • the anti-serum to snake venom PLA 2 and to plant insect, mammalian and/or to PLA 2 epitopes or mimic molecules are shown herein to be active anti-tumour proliferative compounds and immune enhancing.
  • the compounds of the invention are administered to mammals, including humans, in an effective amount of 0.05 to 5 gms per day per kilogram of body weight. The amount depends, of course, on the condition to be treated, the severity of the condition, the route of administration of the drug, and the nature of the subject.
  • the drugs may be administered IV, orally, parenterally, or by other standard administration routes including targeting with liposomes/RBC.
  • mice Female Scid mice (6-8 weeks of age) were treated with either a Neat or a 1:10 dilution of the anti-serum preparation, subcutaneously (0.1 ml, daily) for a period of 14 days. The weights of the mice were measured daily. At termination, organs were removed and fixed in formalin for histological examination.
  • the compounds of this invention may be combined with other known anti-inflammatory/ immunosuppressive or chemotherapeutic agents such as steroids or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents in the pharmaceutical compositions and methods described herein.
  • Anti-serum to snake and/or insect venoms and/or mammalian and/or PLA 2 enzyme or its epitopes can be used as a therapeutic treatment in diseases where elevated levels of Phospholipase A 2 are evident, (e.g. Rheumatoid Arthritis, see Table B).
  • this novel therapy with anti-serum to venom PLA 2 (snake or insect) and/or to PLA 2 components (derived from animal or plant) can be applied as a prophylactic therapy by using sub-lethal doses of venoms or the venom PLA 2 enzyme extracts together with mammalian or plant PLA 2 or synthetic peptides demonstrating PLA 2 activity plus adjuvant to stimulate an immunoglobulin response within the patient, see results—Vaccine Efficacy in Balb/c mice. It is also envisaged that a synthetic peptide incorporating the Phospholipase A 2 and/or Phospholipase C activity could be used to generate said anti-serum or therapeutic agent or vaccine.
  • Use may also be made in the generating of this therapeutic vaccine/anti-serum by using the known sequence homology that exists between human Phospholipase A 2 and snake/insect venoms together with animal PLA 2 used in combination with compounds known to inhibit Phospholipase C activity or anti-serum developed to this enzyme.
  • Sustained or directed release compositions can be formulated, e.g. liposomes or those wherein the active compound is protected with differentially degradable coatings, e.g. by microencapsulation, multiple coatings, etc. It is also possible to freeze-dry the new compounds and use the lyophilizates obtained, for example, for the preparation of products for storage and subsequent injection.
  • the compounds of this invention can be identified as anti-serum to snake or insect venoms mammalian or plant PLA 2 or parts thereof or Phospholipase C or mimic molecules generated to venoms or mammalian PLA 2 molecules and/or Phospholipase C or parts thereof also the pharmaceutical use of venoms or parts thereof and/or mammalian PLA 2 or enzyme components as vaccine antigen are incorporated.
  • Non-toxic compounds showing anti-phospholipase C activity can be incorporated with the anti-serum to PLA 2 of any origin, or mimic molecules demonstrating Phospholipase A 2 activity.
  • tumour cell lines were tested with 3 concentrations of the anti-serum to snake venom by the MTT Assay. This anti-serum was not affinity purified. MTT Assay described by Alley et al, (Cancer Research, 48589-601, 1988) See Table B.
  • mice were inoculated with 0.5 ⁇ 10 6 B16 F1 melanoma cells subcutaneously (sc) into flank region. Once palpable tumours had develcped the mice received daily sc injections as follows: - number of mice A Sterile water 100 ⁇ l 6 B anti-serum (full strength) 100 ⁇ l 6 C anti-serum (diluted 1:10) 100 ⁇ l 6
  • tumours were taken daily using callipers. Once the tumours of the control mice were approximately 1.5 cm or larger in diameter all mice were killed. The tumours were removed and weighed.
  • FIG. 3 A Human colorectal tumour C170HM2
  • FIG. 3 B Human bladder tumour T24
  • FIG. 3 C Human lymphoma tumour MOLT 4
  • FIG. 3 D Human pancreatic tumour PAN 1
  • FIG. 3 E Human breast tumour MDA 468
  • FIG. 3 F Human small cell lung tumour 841;
  • FIG. 3 G Human gastric ST24
  • FIG. 3 H Human Ovarian OVCAR3
  • the cell lines were seeded into 96 well plates at a cell concentration of 10 4 cells per well in both serum free (Hams F12:RPMI 1640+0.5% bovine serum albumen) and serum-containing medium (RPMI 1640+10% heat inactivated foetal calf serum).
  • the anti-serum preparation was diluted in the corresponding medium and added to the wells, 2-3 hours after the cells (to allow for cell adherence).
  • the plates were incubated at 37° C. in ⁇ 5% C0 2 for 3 days.
  • the cells were then incubated with 1 mg/ml MTT (methyl thiazol tetrazolium) for 4 hours at 37° C.
  • the crystals were then solublised with dimethyl sulphoxide and the absorbance measured at 550 nm.
  • test anti-sera inhibited all of the cell lines at all concentrations examined.
  • the level of inhibition was statistically significant from the untreated control at all anti-serum dilutions, with all cell lines as assessed by a one way analysis of variance.
  • C170MH 2 cells were injected subcutaneously into the left flank of ten male nude mice. The mice were allocated randomly to two groups.
  • Tumours were measured twice weekly, using callipers in two dimensions. Cross-sectional areas were calculated. The mice were also weighed once weekly. The therapy was terminated at day 22.
  • the affinity purified anti-serum to snake venom preparation was diluted 1:2 and 1:10 and was combined with 5 ⁇ molar OAG and added to the wells as previously described for the MTT Assay.
  • the cell lines tested were Human Breast tumour, MDA 468, Human small cell lung tumour 841 and Human renal TK-10. Results as shown in FIG. 6 A [Affinity purified anti-serum to snake venom and (OAG) a Phospholipase C inhibitor combination—Human breast tumour MDA 468], FIG.
  • 6 B Affinity purified anti-serum to snake venom and (OAG) a phospholipase C inhibitor combination—Human small cell lung tumour 841] and 6C [Affinity purified anti-serum to snake venom and (OAG) a phospholipase C inhibitor combination—Human renal TK-10].
  • MDA 468 tumours were aseptically removed from donor female Scid mice.
  • the tissue was aseptically minced, pooled and implanted into anaesthetised female Scid mice (anaesthetic comprised of a 0.2 ml injection of Hypnorm (Jannsen) :Hyonovel (Roche) : distilled water in a 1: 1:5 ratio).
  • Tissue implants consisted of 3-5 mm 2 pieces and after subcutaneous transplantation into the left flank, the incision was clipped. The Scid mice were then randomised into 2 groups of 10 animals.
  • the objective of study is to demonstrate the efficacy of sub-lethal levels of Russelli vipera venom entrapped in liposomes and porcine phospholipase A 2 enzyme entrapped in liposomes working in combination to confer a sustained and protective antibody response to a challenge by Leukaemia cells (WEHI-3 cells)
  • the Russelli vipera venom was toxoided with 2% osmium tetroxide and entrapped in liposomes (egg phosphocholine and cholesterol). The liposomes were sterilised.
  • Porcine Phospholipase A 2 enzyme was entrapped in liposomes (egg phosphocholine, and cholesterol) and were sterilised.
  • mice Immunisation of mice consisted of an initial subcutaneous injection of 0.25 mls (containing 250 ⁇ g of venom) and 3 days later the mice were injected subcutaneously with 0.25 mls of porcine PLA 2 (containing 250 ⁇ g of porcine PLA 2 . Boosters of each vaccine were given at 3 week intervals.
  • Control mice were injected with 0.25 mls of sterile physiological saline on days corresponding to test mice inoculations.
  • mice (20-25 g) were used in the study. 15 mice were used in each group.
  • Group I test mice Group II control mice
  • mice and controls were challenged by intravenous injection into tail vein with approximately 5 ⁇ 10 5 leukemic cells (WEHI-3 cells) on day 30 of study.
  • WEHI-3 cells leukemic cells
  • Test mice are observed for extended life span after the death of the control mice after approximately 24 days.

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US09/254,623 1996-09-11 1997-09-10 Therapeutic formulations containing venom or venom anti-serum either alone or in combination for the therapeutic prophylaxis and therapy of neoplasms Abandoned US20030175277A1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/742,726 US20040131632A1 (en) 1996-09-11 2003-12-19 Therapeutic formulations containing venom or venom anti-serum either alone or in combination for the therapeutic prophylaxis and therapy of neoplasms
US11/735,025 US20080044431A1 (en) 1996-09-11 2007-04-13 Therapeutic formulations containing venom or venom anti-serum either alone or in combination for the therapeutic prophylaxis and therapy of neoplasms
US12/623,984 US20100196459A1 (en) 1996-09-11 2009-11-23 Therapeutic formulations containing venom or venom anti-serum either alone or in combination for the therapeutic prophylaxis and therapy of neoplasms
US13/444,416 US8580744B2 (en) 1996-09-11 2012-04-11 Therapeutic formulations containing venom or venom anti-serum either alone or in combination for the therapeutic prophylaxis and therapy of neoplasms

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US2517996P 1996-09-11 1996-09-11
PCT/IB1997/001091 WO1998010776A1 (en) 1996-09-11 1997-09-10 Therapeutic formulations containing venom or venom anti-serum either alone or in combination for the therapeutic prophylaxis and therapy of neoplasms

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US09/254,623 Abandoned US20030175277A1 (en) 1996-09-11 1997-09-10 Therapeutic formulations containing venom or venom anti-serum either alone or in combination for the therapeutic prophylaxis and therapy of neoplasms
US10/742,726 Abandoned US20040131632A1 (en) 1996-09-11 2003-12-19 Therapeutic formulations containing venom or venom anti-serum either alone or in combination for the therapeutic prophylaxis and therapy of neoplasms
US11/735,025 Abandoned US20080044431A1 (en) 1996-09-11 2007-04-13 Therapeutic formulations containing venom or venom anti-serum either alone or in combination for the therapeutic prophylaxis and therapy of neoplasms
US12/623,984 Abandoned US20100196459A1 (en) 1996-09-11 2009-11-23 Therapeutic formulations containing venom or venom anti-serum either alone or in combination for the therapeutic prophylaxis and therapy of neoplasms
US13/444,416 Expired - Fee Related US8580744B2 (en) 1996-09-11 2012-04-11 Therapeutic formulations containing venom or venom anti-serum either alone or in combination for the therapeutic prophylaxis and therapy of neoplasms

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US11/735,025 Abandoned US20080044431A1 (en) 1996-09-11 2007-04-13 Therapeutic formulations containing venom or venom anti-serum either alone or in combination for the therapeutic prophylaxis and therapy of neoplasms
US12/623,984 Abandoned US20100196459A1 (en) 1996-09-11 2009-11-23 Therapeutic formulations containing venom or venom anti-serum either alone or in combination for the therapeutic prophylaxis and therapy of neoplasms
US13/444,416 Expired - Fee Related US8580744B2 (en) 1996-09-11 2012-04-11 Therapeutic formulations containing venom or venom anti-serum either alone or in combination for the therapeutic prophylaxis and therapy of neoplasms

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ES2282256T3 (es) * 2000-05-26 2007-10-16 Symphogen A/S Anticuerpos policlonales recombinantes o purificados para tratar la alergia.
US6849259B2 (en) 2000-06-16 2005-02-01 Symphogen A/S Polyclonal antibody composition for treating allergy
DE60125420T2 (de) 2000-10-10 2007-09-27 University Of North Carolina At Chapel Hill Zusammensetzungen enthaltend phospholipase c inhibitoren und verfahren zur erhöhung parazellulärer permeabilität der epithelbarriere und endothelbarriere
EP1391207A1 (de) * 2001-04-24 2004-02-25 Luis Alberto Costa Verwendung einer phospholipase a2 zur herstellung von pharmazeutischen und/oder kosmetischen zusammensetzungen zur topischen und/oder systemischen behandlung und/oder prävention von krankheiten und/oder prozessen, die durch intra- und extrazelluläre erreger ausgelöst werden, die membran-phospholipide exprimieren
DE10330712A1 (de) * 2003-07-08 2005-01-27 Toximed Gmbh Pharmarzeutischer Wirkstoff gegen Kolonkarzinome und andere Tumorarten
DE10342747A1 (de) * 2003-09-16 2005-04-28 Toximed Gmbh Pharmazeutischer Wirkstoff gegen Melanome

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DE69739482D1 (de) 2009-08-13
US20120258115A1 (en) 2012-10-11
US20100196459A1 (en) 2010-08-05
CA2265631A1 (en) 1998-03-19
US8580744B2 (en) 2013-11-12
US20080044431A1 (en) 2008-02-21
AU741943B2 (en) 2001-12-13
ES2329529T3 (es) 2009-11-26
AU4132397A (en) 1998-04-02
EP1019068B1 (de) 2009-07-01
WO1998010776A1 (en) 1998-03-19
EP1019068A1 (de) 2000-07-19
ATE435023T1 (de) 2009-07-15
PT1019068E (pt) 2009-10-08
HK1028545A1 (en) 2001-02-23
US20040131632A1 (en) 2004-07-08

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