US20020193262A1 - Lubricating oil composition for refrigerating machine, working fluid, and refrigerating machine - Google Patents

Lubricating oil composition for refrigerating machine, working fluid, and refrigerating machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US20020193262A1
US20020193262A1 US10/145,480 US14548002A US2002193262A1 US 20020193262 A1 US20020193262 A1 US 20020193262A1 US 14548002 A US14548002 A US 14548002A US 2002193262 A1 US2002193262 A1 US 2002193262A1
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Prior art keywords
refrigerating machine
acid
mineral oil
oil
lubricating oil
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Abandoned
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US10/145,480
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English (en)
Inventor
Takashi Kaimai
Hitoshi Takahashi
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Eneos Corp
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Individual
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Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Assigned to JAPAN ENERGY CORPORATION reassignment JAPAN ENERGY CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KAIMAI, TAKASHI, TAKAHASHI, HITOSHI
Publication of US20020193262A1 publication Critical patent/US20020193262A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M111/02—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
    • C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
    • C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/32—Esters
    • C10M105/38—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/32—Esters
    • C10M105/42—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at least three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compound: monohydroxy compounds, polyhydroxy compounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids and hydroxy carboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/32—Esters
    • C10M105/42—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at least three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compound: monohydroxy compounds, polyhydroxy compounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids and hydroxy carboxylic acids
    • C10M105/44—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at least three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compound: monohydroxy compounds, polyhydroxy compounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids and hydroxy carboxylic acids derived from the combination of monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds only and having no free hydroxy or carboxyl groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
    • C10M171/008—Lubricant compositions compatible with refrigerants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/22—All components of a mixture being fluoro compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/24—Only one single fluoro component present
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
    • C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/104—Aromatic fractions
    • C10M2203/1045—Aromatic fractions used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
    • C10M2203/1065—Naphthenic fractions used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/108—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks
    • C10M2203/1085—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
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    • C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
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    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
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    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/2835—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2207/286—Esters of polymerised unsaturated acids
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    • C10M2207/301—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at leasst three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compounds: monohydroxyl compounds, polyhydroxy xompounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids or hydroxy carboxylic acids used as base material
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    • C10M2207/3025—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at leasst three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compounds: monohydroxyl compounds, polyhydroxy xompounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids or hydroxy carboxylic acids derived from the combination of monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds only and having no free hydroxy or carboxyl groups used as base material
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    • C10M2207/304—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at leasst three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compounds: monohydroxyl compounds, polyhydroxy xompounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids or hydroxy carboxylic acids derived from the combination of monohydroxy compounds, dihydroxy compounds and dicarboxylic acids only and having no free hydroxy or carboxyl groups
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    • C10M2211/06—Perfluorinated compounds
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    • C10N2040/44—Super vacuum or supercritical use
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/50—Medical uses

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a refrigeration oil for a refrigerating machine using Flon as a refrigerant.
  • the present invention relates to a lubricating oil composition for a refrigerating machine using hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) containing no chlorine as a refrigerant, also relates to a working fluid and a refrigerating machine.
  • HFC hydrofluorocarbon
  • a number of oils such as a mineral oil and an alkylbenzene oil are known.
  • a mineral oil, an alkylbenzene oil, and the like have unsatisfactory miscibility with a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerant containing no chlorine such as R- 134 a . Therefore, the oil-returning property to a compressor is deteriorated, and lack of lubricity and seizing are caused by supplying only a separated refrigerant when a compressor is started at a high ambient temperature.
  • a wax component is precipitated at a low temperature, which may have an adverse effect.
  • a lubricant for a refrigerating machine using hydrofluorocarbon containing no chlorine as a refrigerant a polyalkylene glycol (PAG) type refrigeration oil or a polyol ester type refrigeration oil are known.
  • the PAG type refrigeration oil is excellent in miscibility with an HFC refrigerant.
  • the PAG type refrigeration oil has a remarkably lower electrical insulating property as compared with the conventional mineral type refrigeration oil, and also has a high hygroscopicity.
  • the polyol ester type refrigeration oil is excellent in miscibility with an HFC refrigerant in a wide temperature range, and has an electrical insulating property higher than that of the PAG type refrigeration oil. Therefore, the polyol ester type refrigeration oil become being used widely as refrigeration oil for an HFC refrigerant in a system with a motor built therein.
  • the polyol ester type refrigeration oil has a higher hygroscopicity as compared with the mineral oil, so that the polyol ester type refrigeration oil is likely to hydrolyze; a lubricity may be degraded due to a low viscosity; and adhering substances are likely to be generated in a capillary of a refrigerating machine due to metal working lubricant for manufacturing the refrigerating machine.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a lubricating oil composition for a refrigerating machine as a lubricating oil for a refrigerating machine using a hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant containing no chlorine, which has excellent miscibility with a refrigerant, lubricity and electrical insulating property, and further has low hygroscopicity and hydrolyzability, and still further is excellent in the property of dissolving impurities and the property of oil-returning to a compressor in a refrigerating machine.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a working fluid for a refrigerating machine, comprising the above-mentioned lubricating oil composition for a refrigerating machine and a hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and fluorine.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide a refrigerant compression type refrigerating machine comprising at least a compressor, a condenser, an expanding mechanism, and an evaporator, in which the above-mentioned working fluid for a refrigerating machine is used.
  • the inventors of the present invention has earnestly studied, and as a result, we have found that the above-mentioned problem can be solved by using a lubricating oil composition containing a mixture of a neopentylpolyol ester compound and a mineral oil component having a particular property. Based on this finding, the present invention has been achieved.
  • the present invention relates to:
  • a lubricating oil composition for a refrigerating machine-using a hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant characterized by comprising a mixture of 1) an ester compound and 2) a mineral oil component described below, and further comprising as a main component a composition having a weight ratio of the mineral oil component/ester compound of 9/1 to 2/8,
  • a working fluid for a refrigerating machine characterized by comprising the lubricating oil composition for a refrigerating machine described in any one of the above-mentioned items 1 to 3 , and a hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and fluorine; and
  • a refrigerant compression type refrigerating machine characterized by comprising at least a compressor, a condenser, an expanding mechanism, and an evaporator, and using the working fluid for a refrigerating machine of the above-mentioned item 4 .
  • the lubricating oil composition for a refrigerating machine of the present invention contains a mineral oil component that is not excellent in miscibility with an HFC refrigerant.
  • the mineral oil component is mixed with an ester compound excellent in miscibility with an HFC refrigerant, the mineral oil component is allowed to be dispersed in the refrigerant.
  • the composition becomes likely to flow in an evaporator. Therefore, oil-returning to a compressor in a refrigerating machine is enhanced.
  • the above-mentioned composition is suitable for lubricating a refrigerant compressor.
  • an impurity component that is considered to be caused by metal working lubricant remaining in a refrigerating machine is dissolved in the mineral oil, so that it is possible to avoid clogging the capillary.
  • the present invention is applicable to a refrigerating machine using a hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant.
  • a base oil in the lubricating oil composition for a refrigerating machine of the present invention comprises a mixture of the following 1) ester compound and 2) mineral oil component.
  • a polyol ester or complex ester compound prepared from a neopentylpolyol and a monocarboxylic acid and/or a dicarboxylic acid.
  • a neopentylpolyol containing 5 to 10 carbon atoms is used.
  • examples thereof include neopentylglycol, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolbutane, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, and the like.
  • a carboxylic acid a monocarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid having 3 to 18 carbon atoms can be used.
  • An alkyl group bonded to a carboxyl group may be a straight-chain or branched-chain.
  • Examples of the monocarboxylic acid include propionic acid, isopropionic acid, butanoic acid, isobutanoic acid, pentanoic acid, isopentanoic acid, hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, isoheptanoic acid, octanoic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, nonanoic acid, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid, decanoic acid, undecanoic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and the like.
  • dicarboxylic acid examples include succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, phthalic acid, maleic acid, and the like.
  • the ester compound of the present invention can be prepared as a polyol ester compound or a complex ester compound by appropriately mixing the above-mentioned neopentylpolyol with at least one kind of monocarboxylic acid and/or dicarboxylic acid to occur esterification reaction.
  • the ester compound of the present invention has a total acid value of 0.1 mgKOH/g or less, preferably 0.05 mgKOH/g or less, and a hydroxyl value of 10 mgKOH/g or less, preferably 5 mgKOH/g or less.
  • An ester compound with a high total acid value or a high hydroxyl value is likely to be hydrolyzed due to its high hygroscopicity, and adversely affects an organic material.
  • a reaction time sufficient for reducing a remaining amount of unreacted hydroxyl groups of the polyol is taken, and after reaction, the ester is purified while removing unreacted carboxylic acid.
  • the mineral oil component of the present invention has a % Cp of 70% or less as measured by the n-d-M ring analysis and a temperature corresponding to 50% distillation of 400° C. or lower as measured by the test method for boiling range distribution of petroleum fractions by gas chromatography and a pour point of ⁇ 30° C. or lower.
  • the mineral oil component of the present invention can be obtained, for example, by subjecting a distillate, which is obtained through atmospheric distillation or vacuum distillation of crude oil, to an appropriate combination of refining processes such as solvent deasphalting, solvent extraction, hydrocracking , solvent dewaxing, catalytic dewaxing, hydro-refining , clay treatment, and the like.
  • a distillate from vacuum distillation is dewaxed by catalytic dewaxing, followed by hydro-refining, whereby a mineral oil component can be obtained.
  • the mineral oil component thus obtained is preferably subjected to clay treating.
  • dewaxing catalytic dewaxing that allows oil with a still lower pour point to be obtained is preferable.
  • the mineral oil component of the present invention has a % Cp of 70% or less, preferably 60% or less, more preferably 50% or less as measured by the n-d-M ring analysis.
  • % Cp exceeds 70%, a normal paraffin component is increased and becomes likely to be precipitated as a wax in the presence of a refrigerant, which is not preferable.
  • the n-d-M ring analysis refers to a method of calculating a carbon distribution and a ring content by using an empirical formula of the n-d-M method defined by ASTM D3238, after measuring a refractive index, a density, a kinematic viscosity, and a sulfur content of oil.
  • the mineral oil component of the present invention has a 50% distillation temperature of 400° C. or lower, preferably 350° C. or lower, more preferably 300° 0 C. or lower as measured by the test method for boiling range distribution of petroleum fractions by gas chromatography.
  • a temperature corresponding to 50% distillation exceeds 400° C., the ratio of a heavy distillate is increased, and the amount of normal paraffin with a large molecular weight is increased, which unpreferably becomes likely to be precipitated as a wax.
  • the test method for boiling range distribution of petroleum fractions by gas chromatography refers to a method of obtaining a calibration curve of normal paraffin from a retention time of gas chromatography and a boiling point of a compound, and obtaining the distillation property of a sample. This method is defined in ASTM D2887. Herein, a total area method is used.
  • the mineral oil component of the present invention has a pour point of ⁇ 30° C. or lower, preferably ⁇ 40° C. or lower, more preferably ⁇ 50° C. or lower.
  • a wax component is contained in a large amount and becomes likely to be precipitated as a solid, which is not preferable.
  • the mineral oil component of the present invention satisfies the following properties as well as the above-mentioned properties.
  • Cloudpoint JIS K2269: ⁇ 30° C. or lower, preferably ⁇ 40° or lower, more preferably ⁇ 50° or lower.
  • cloud point corresponds to a wax content in oil, it is preferable that a cloud point is lower, that is, a wax component is in a small amount.
  • Sulfur content (JIS K2541) 1000 ppm or less, preferably 500 ppm or less, more preferably 100 ppm or less.
  • a large amount of a sulfur content adversely affects stability under the co-existence of refrigerant and oil. Therefore, a sulfur content is preferably less.
  • Normal paraffin content 2% or less, preferably 1% or less, more preferably 0.5% or less. When a normal paraffin content exceeds 2%, normal paraffin becomes likely to be solidified as a wax and precipitated, which is not preferable.
  • the normal paraffin content is obtainable from a retention time and an area value by gas chromatography using normal paraffin as a standard compound.
  • the lubricating oil composition for a refrigerating machine of the present invention contains, as a main component, a composition in which a weight ratio of the above-mentioned ester compound/the above-mentioned mineral oil component is 9/1 to 2/8, preferably 9/1 to 3/7, more preferably 7/3 to 3/7.
  • the mixture of the ester compound and the mineral oil component has a pour point of ⁇ 35° C. or lower, preferably ⁇ 40° C. or lower.
  • the lubricating oil composition for a refrigerating machine of the present invention contains, as a main component, a mixture of the ester compound and mineral oil component explained above.
  • other lubrication oil components such as PAG and a mineral oil component other than those defined in the present invention can be appropriately mixed with the compound.
  • the following additives may be mixed with the lubricating oil composition for a refrigerating machine of the present invention.
  • Anti-wear agent sulfur type, phosphorus type, zinc thiophosphate type, etc.
  • Antioxidant phenol type, amine type, phosphorus type, etc.
  • Metal passivator benzotriazole, thiadiazole, dithiocarbamate, etc.
  • Acid capturing agent epoxy compound, carbodiimide compound, etc.
  • Oiliness agent higher fatty acids, alcohols, etc.
  • the lubricating oil composition for a refrigerating machine of the present invention and hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant can be used as a working fluid by mixing in a weight ratio of lubricating oil:refrigerant of 5:95 to 80:20. In the case where the weight ratio is out of this range and the amount of oil is too small, unpreferably there is a risk of lack of lubricity. In the case where the amount of oil is too large, efficiency is unpreferably decreased.
  • the working fluid for a refrigerating machine of the present invention can be used as a working fluid for a refrigerant compression type refrigerating machine comprising at least a compressor, a condenser, an expanding mechanism, and an evaporator.
  • the working fluid is applicable to a freezer, an air conditioner, a refrigerator, and the like.
  • Mineral Oil Component Following four kinds of mineral oil components were prepared by the procedure described below.
  • A1 Light distillate oil obtained by subjecting distillate oil of vacuum distillation to catalytic dewaxing, hydro-refining, and further distillation.
  • A2 Oil obtained by subjecting distillate oil of vacuum distillation to hydro-refining and catalytic dewaxing.
  • B1 Oil obtained by subjecting distillate oil of vacuum distillation to hydro-refining and solvent dewaxing.
  • B2 Oil obtained by subjecting distillate oil of vacuum distillation to solvent extraction to obtain raffinate, and subjecting the raffinate to hydro-refining, followed by solvent dewaxing.
  • Table 1 shows the properties of each mineral oil component. Among them, A-1 and A-2are in the scope of the present invention. However, B-2 and B-2 are out of the scope of the present invention. TABLE 1 Mineral oil component A1 A2 B1 B2 Test method Density (15° C.) g/cm 3 0.884 0.866 0.867 0.864 JIS K2249 Kinematic viscosity (40° C.) mm 2 /s 3.83 7.85 7.87 26.5 JIS K2283 (100° C.) mm 2 /s 1.36 2.2 2.2 4.83 Pour point ° C.
  • C3 ester of pentaerythritol and 2-ethylhexanoic acid/3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid (50 wt %/50 wt %)
  • Table 2 shows the properties of each ester compound.
  • Ester C1 C2 C3 Neopentylpolyol Neopentylglycol Pentaerythritol Pentaerythritol Carboxylic acid 2- 2- 2- ethylhexanoic ethylhexanoic ethylhexanoic acid acid acid, & 3,5,5-trimethyl hexanoic acid Density g/cm 3 0.919 0.966 0.961 (15° C.) Kinematic viscosity (40° C.) mm 2 /s 7.41 45.1 65.1 (100° C.) mm 2 /s 2.04 6.31 8.30 Pour point ° C. ⁇ 60° C. or less ⁇ 25.0 ⁇ 40.0 Total acid 0.01 0.01 0.01 value mg KOH/g Two-layer separation tempera- ° C. ⁇ 60° C. or less ⁇ 17 ⁇ 21 ture
  • Example 1 A1(50%)+C1(10%)+C2(40%)
  • Example 2 A1(40%)+C3(60%)
  • Example 3 A2(40%)+C3(60%)
  • Floc point test (measured in accordance with a floc point test method in JIS K2211 appendix 1)
  • the floc point test refers to a method of measuring a generation temperature of a hair-shaped precipitate at a time when a mixed solution of oil and a refrigerant is cooled, and evaluating a wax precipitation tendency.
  • volume resistivity (measured in accordance with a volume resistivity test of JIS C2101), measured at 25° C. TABLE 3 Compara- Compara- Compara- Compara- Compara- Compara- Compara- tive tive tive tive tive No. Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Density (15° C.) g/cm 3 0.918 0.927 0.919 0.909 0.919 0.922 0.866 0.864 0.919 Kinematic viscosity mm 2 /s 40° C. 7.983 14.3 21.1 12.9 21.1 42.4 7.85 26.5 7.41 100° C. 2.175 3.20 4.08 2.98 4.08 6.39 2.20 4.83 2.04 Pour point ° C.
  • Hygroscopic moisture amount (measured by Karl Fischer titration method in accordance with a moisture test method of JIS K2275)
  • a sample was held at a temperature of 30° C. and a relative humidity of 80% for 24 hours, and thereafter, the moisture amount was measured as a hygroscopic moisture amount.
  • a mixture of 7 ml of lubricating oil and 3 ml of refrigerant (R 134 a ) was held under the condition of a moisture amount in oil of 500 ppm and a temperature of 175° C. for 14 days, and thereafter, the total acid value of oil was measured.
  • Compressor 1 HP, 220 V, 50 Hz
  • Lubricating oil composition 250 g
  • Refrigerant R 134 a , 50 g
  • Discharge temperature 90° C.
  • Evaporator inlet temperature ⁇ 10° C.
  • the lubricating oil composition for a refrigerating machine of the present invention as a lubricating oil for a refrigerating machine using a hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant containing no chlorine, is excellent in miscibility with a refrigerant, lubricity and an electrical insulating property, is low hygroscopicity and hydrolyzability, and further is excellent in the property of dissolving impurities in a refrigerating machine.
  • a refrigerating machine using a working fluid containing a mixture of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention and a hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant exhibits to hardly clog the capillary, and can show excellent property of oil-returning to a compressor.
  • a refrigerating machine can be used preferably as a motor built-in type refrigerating machine requiring high insulation.

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  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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JP32771199A JP3860942B2 (ja) 1999-11-18 1999-11-18 冷凍装置用潤滑油組成物、作動流体及び冷凍装置
JP327711/1999 1999-11-18
PCT/JP2000/007805 WO2001036571A1 (fr) 1999-11-18 2000-11-07 Composition d'huile de lubrification pour refrigerateur, liquide de travail et refrigerateur

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JP2001139972A (ja) 2001-05-22
DE60022773D1 (de) 2006-02-02
DE60022773T2 (de) 2006-06-22
WO2001036571A1 (fr) 2001-05-25
JP3860942B2 (ja) 2006-12-20
EP1231255A1 (de) 2002-08-14
KR20020068340A (ko) 2002-08-27
EP1231255A4 (de) 2004-12-08
KR100743179B1 (ko) 2007-07-27
EP1231255B1 (de) 2005-09-21

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