US20020140177A1 - Seal - Google Patents

Seal Download PDF

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Publication number
US20020140177A1
US20020140177A1 US09/962,229 US96222901A US2002140177A1 US 20020140177 A1 US20020140177 A1 US 20020140177A1 US 96222901 A US96222901 A US 96222901A US 2002140177 A1 US2002140177 A1 US 2002140177A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
housing
seal
shaft
fluid
rings
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US09/962,229
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
James Murray
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AV Cell Inc
Original Assignee
AV Cell Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AV Cell Inc filed Critical AV Cell Inc
Assigned to AV CELL INC. reassignment AV CELL INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MUARRAY, JAMES DANIEL
Priority to PCT/CA2002/000259 priority Critical patent/WO2002070928A1/fr
Publication of US20020140177A1 publication Critical patent/US20020140177A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/32—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
    • F16J15/324—Arrangements for lubrication or cooling of the sealing itself
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08—Sealings
    • F04D29/10—Shaft sealings
    • F04D29/106—Shaft sealings especially adapted for liquid pumps
    • F04D29/108—Shaft sealings especially adapted for liquid pumps the sealing fluid being other than the working liquid or being the working liquid treated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/164—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces the sealing action depending on movements; pressure difference, temperature or presence of leaking fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/46—Sealings with packing ring expanded or pressed into place by fluid pressure, e.g. inflatable packings

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to seals for rotary shafts, and to methods of sealing rotary shafts.
  • a typical centrifugal pump includes an impeller that rotates in a pump chamber to draw liquid into the chamber through a central inlet and direct the liquid radially outwardly by centrifugal force to an outlet at the periphery of the chamber.
  • the impeller is mounted at one end of a rotary drive shaft that extends outwardly through a housing that defines the pump chamber. Externally of the chamber, the shaft is supported in bearings and is coupled to a suitable drive motor.
  • a seal is provided where the shaft extends through the housing defining the pump chamber.
  • a traditional pump packing includes a housing into which packing rings are inserted and then compressed by means of a packing gland so that the rings seat snugly against the shaft.
  • a mechanical seal involves a complex assembly of seal components that co-operate with one another to provide the required sealing effect. This type of seal is quite expensive both in terms of capital cost and initial set-up time and complexity.
  • Seals deteriorate rapidly in pumps that are used in harsh environments such as for pumping acid in paper mills.
  • the seals must be replaced at frequent intervals, and the pump must be shut down each time. This is costly not only in terms of direct maintenance cost, but also in terms of pump down time.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a seal for a rotary shaft that offers a number of advantages compared with the prior art.
  • the seal provided by the invention includes a housing for receiving the shaft, the housing having a generally cylindrical internal surface and first and second internal annular grooves that are spaced longitudinally of and encircle the internal surface of the housing. Each groove receives an O-ring for contact with the external surface of the shaft and against which the shaft rotates in use.
  • the housing has fluid inlet and outlet ports which extend through the housing and into the generally cylindrical internal surface of the housing at locations spaced angularly about the housing and between the O-rings.
  • the fluid that is circulated through the chamber typically water
  • the invention also provides a method of sealing a rotary shaft which comprises the steps of: providing a seal that has a housing with a generally cylindrical internal surface for receiving the shaft, the shaft and the generally cylindrical internal surface of the housing defining an annular chamber between respective deformable O-rings that are spaced longitudinally of and encircle the housing and are received in corresponding internal grooves in the housing; and circulating through said chamber a fluid under pressure to cause the O-rings to deform to seal against the rotary shaft.
  • the cylindrical surface of the housing includes a radially enlarged surface portion between the O-rings, so that the chamber has a greater radial extent than the radial space between the shaft and the housing outwardly of the O-rings.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view through part of a centrifugal pump, including the impeller drive shaft of the pump, and showing a seal in accordance with the invention on the drive shaft;
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the seal shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view through the seal.
  • FIG. 4 comprises detail views denoted (a) and (b) showing one of the O-rings of the seal respectively before and after the O-ring is subjected to the effect of pressurized fluid in use.
  • a conventional centrifugal pump is generally indicated by reference numeral 20 and includes a impeller 22 that is supported in a housing 24 for rotation about a longitudinal axis A-A.
  • the impeller 22 is designed to draw liquid centrally into the housing 24 and expel the liquid generally radially with respect to axis A-A in accordance with known centrifugal pump design.
  • Impeller 22 is carried at one end of a drive shaft 26 which extends outwardly through housing 24 to the right in FIG. 1, where it is supported in bearings and coupled to a drive motor for rotating the shaft about axis A-A. Since the pump itself is entirely conventional, specific details of the pump, drive shaft bearings and drive motor have not been shown.
  • the invention provides a seal cartridge that is mounted on the drive shaft 26 to seal against leakage of the liquid being pumped along the drive shaft from housing 24 .
  • the seal cartridge is generally denoted 28 in FIG. 1.
  • drive shaft 26 includes axial portions denoted 26 a and 26 b that are of progressively reducing diameter in a direction towards impeller 22 . Again, this is in accordance with conventional centrifugal pump design criteria.
  • Seal cartridge 28 co-operates with the intermediate portion 26 a of drive shaft 26 .
  • the seal cartridge is received in a cylindrical extension 24 a of the pump casing 24 that extends outwardly of the casing in a direction away from impeller 22 and that traditionally is known as a “stuffing box”. Again, this is in accordance with conventional pump design.
  • Seal cartridge 28 is shown in more detail in FIG. 3 in association with the portion 26 a of shaft 26 .
  • the cartridge includes a housing 30 that has a generally cylindrical internal surface 32 which receives the shaft 26 .
  • Surface 32 includes first and second internal annular grooves 34 , 36 that are spaced longitudinally of and encircle the housing adjacent respectively opposite ends thereof. Each groove receives an O-ring 38 that seals against the drive shaft.
  • a sleeve 40 is pressed or shrunk onto the portion 26 a of drive shaft 26 so as to rotate with the drive shaft and in effect provide a protective surface on the drive shaft against which the O-rings 38 can seal.
  • sleeve 40 provides a sacrificial, replaceable surface on the drive shaft so that the drive shaft is preserved even if the seal should fail and cause damage to the external surface of sleeve 40 .
  • the internal surface 32 of housing 30 is radially enlarged as indicated at 32 a to in effect provide an enlarged chamber 42 between the seal housing 30 and the external surface of sleeve 40 .
  • the clearance between housing 30 and sleeve 40 may be about 0.060′′ (60 thousandths of an inch) at the ends of the housing and about 0.125′′ (125 thousandths of an inch) in chamber 42 .
  • Fluid inlet and outlet ports 44 and 46 respectively extend through housing 30 and open into the generally cylindrical internal surface 32 of housing 30 , where they communicate with chamber 42 .
  • the inlet and outlet ports 44 and 46 are spaced angularly about housing 30 (in this case diametrally spaced) and are located between the O-rings 38 so that a fluid can be circulated under pressure through the chamber 42 .
  • the O-rings 38 are designed to be deformable under the pressure of the fluid in chamber 42 so as to firmly seal against sleeve 40 .
  • FIG. 4 illustrates how the O-rings deform under pressure. As seen in FIG. 4( a ) the O-ring 38 is in its normal circular section configuration. In FIG. 4( b ) on the other hand, pressurized fluid is present in chamber 42 and the O-ring 38 is shown as having deformed as indicated at 38 a under the effect of that pressure to seal firmly against sleeve 40 .
  • the O-rings are made of a fluorocarbon rubber based compound having a working temperature range of 20° F. to 400° F.
  • the O-rings must be properly sized to assure proper contact and maintain proper sealing with the shaft.
  • the overall internal diameter of the O-ring is slightly undersize with respect to the diameter of the shaft (sleeve 40 ).
  • the O-ring may be 0.005 inches (5 thousandths of an inch) undersize.
  • the diameter of the cross-section of the O-ring may also vary according to shaft size.
  • Typical examples may be as follows: Shaft Size O-Ring Diameter (Cross-Section) 1.250′′ 1 ⁇ 8′′ 1.500′′ 1 ⁇ 8′′ 1.750′′ 1 ⁇ 8′′ 2.000′′ 1 ⁇ 8′′ 2.500′′ 1 ⁇ 8′′ 2.750′′ 1 ⁇ 8′′ 3.000′′ ⁇ fraction (3/16) ⁇ ′′ 3.500′′ ⁇ fraction (3/16) ⁇ ′′ 4.000′′ ⁇ fraction (3/16) ⁇ ′′ 4.500′′ ⁇ fraction (3/16) ⁇ ′′ 5.000′′ 1 ⁇ 4′′ and up
  • FIG. 1 shows a water inlet pipe 48 that communicates with the inlet ports 44 and an equivalent passageway 50 in pump housing 24 a that communicates with outlet port 46 .
  • Inlet pipe 48 communicates with the water supply line (not shown).
  • Outlet pipe 50 is fitted with a throttle valve 52 that can be adjusted to vary the pressure and flow rate of the water through chamber 42 .
  • the water line pressure in the mill is about 125 psi
  • the pressure in chamber 42 is in the range 20-30 psi
  • Appropriate gauges may be provided to monitor the pressure and flow rate.
  • the throttle valve can simply be closed to an extent to provide what appears to the operator to be a reasonable flow of water from the throttle valve. If leakage is noted through the seal cartridge, the operator can increase the pressure in chamber 42 by progressively closing the throttle valve until leakage is reduced to an acceptable level, typically zero.
  • cooling liquids other than water could be used to advantage, for example, in other environments or that gases might be suitable.
  • the particular pressures and flow rates used may also vary depending on the environment.
  • seal housing 30 includes an external flange 30 a that abuts an end face of the pump casing extension 24 a with the intermediary of a gasket 53 .
  • a conventional pump packing gland 54 is reversed compared with its normal orientation in a packing application and used to hold the cartridge in place via bolts 56 (see FIG. 2) that are threaded into the pump casing 24 .
  • flange 30 a Radially inwardly of flange 30 a (see FIG. 1) is a conventional lip seal 58 that also runs in contact with sleeve 40 .
  • a plain annular surface At the inner end of housing 30 opposite flange 30 a is a plain annular surface that abuts against a further gasket 60 that in turn seats against a throat bushing 62 in the pump casing 24 .
  • Bolts 56 are tightened sufficiently to compress gaskets 53 and 60 .
  • the seal cartridge provided by the invention has been found to operate with great reliability for extended periods of time even in harsh environments.
  • the seal has operated satisfactorily (no visible degradation) for one thousand hours at 3,600 rpm on an acid pump in a paper mill. If and when replacement is required, it is simply necessary to remove the impeller 22 from the drive shaft, withdraw the drive shaft, remove gland 54 and then withdraw the cartridge housing 30 from the pump casing 24 . Normally, all that is required is to replace the O-rings 38 and then re-assemble the pump in the reverse fashion.
  • Replacement cost has been estimated at approximately 70% of the cost of replacing a typical mechanical seal.
  • Initial set-up has been estimated at about 35% of the cost to set up a conventional mechanical seal.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Mechanical Sealing (AREA)
US09/962,229 2001-03-01 2001-09-26 Seal Abandoned US20020140177A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CA2002/000259 WO2002070928A1 (fr) 2001-03-01 2002-02-28 Cartouche d'etancheite pour enceinte sous pression

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA002335691A CA2335691C (fr) 2001-03-01 2001-03-01 Cartouche pour joint d'etancheite utilise dans une chambre pressurisee
CA2,335,691 2001-03-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20020140177A1 true US20020140177A1 (en) 2002-10-03

Family

ID=4168332

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US09/962,229 Abandoned US20020140177A1 (en) 2001-03-01 2001-09-26 Seal
US10/647,133 Expired - Lifetime US7114726B2 (en) 2001-03-01 2003-08-25 Pressurized chamber seal cartridge

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/647,133 Expired - Lifetime US7114726B2 (en) 2001-03-01 2003-08-25 Pressurized chamber seal cartridge

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (2) US20020140177A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1364142A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2335691C (fr)
WO (1) WO2002070928A1 (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2413604A (en) * 2004-04-26 2005-11-02 Ihc Holland Nv A seal construction for a centrifugal pump
US20100196836A1 (en) * 2009-02-03 2010-08-05 Craig Moller Sealing Mechanism for a Vacuum Heat Treating Furnace
US20110024987A1 (en) * 2009-07-31 2011-02-03 Sputtering Components, Inc. Mechanical seal assembly for a rotatable shaft
CN103557176A (zh) * 2013-10-31 2014-02-05 上海大族新能源设备有限公司 一种泵的新型密封结构
US20140265151A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Stein Seal Company Circumferential Seal with Ceramic Runner
US20150354583A1 (en) * 2014-06-09 2015-12-10 A.R. Wilfley And Sons, Inc. Centrifugal pump with governor actuated seal
CN108194639A (zh) * 2018-02-06 2018-06-22 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 一种密封装置
US20200072358A1 (en) * 2018-08-31 2020-03-05 Rolls-Royce Corporation Seal runner support
US20200248814A1 (en) * 2019-02-01 2020-08-06 Rolls-Royce Corporation Seal assembly with spring retainer runner mount assembly
US10935142B2 (en) * 2019-02-01 2021-03-02 Rolls-Royce Corporation Mounting assembly for a ceramic seal runner
US11466584B1 (en) 2021-07-29 2022-10-11 Rolls-Royce Corporation Ceramic runner seal assembly with compliant holder

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1934505A4 (fr) * 2005-09-22 2011-06-29 Pump Technology Services Pty Ltd Ensemble d étanchéité
CA2670701A1 (fr) * 2005-11-28 2007-05-31 Cadtech Innovations Bague et lanterne pour equipement de pompage rotatif de fluide
CA2645236A1 (fr) * 2008-11-03 2010-05-03 Imad Hamad Paliers de turbine immerges
US8690534B1 (en) * 2009-06-08 2014-04-08 Curtiss-Wright Electro-Mechanical Corporation Backup seals in rotary pumps
US8366114B1 (en) 2009-06-10 2013-02-05 Gruner Daron M Stuffing box cooling system
US20100314957A1 (en) * 2009-06-13 2010-12-16 Forrest Alexander Wellman Pressure compensated dynamic seal for deep submergence electro-mechanical linear actuators
WO2012122442A2 (fr) * 2011-03-10 2012-09-13 Waters Technologies Corporation Orifice de sortie de tête de pompe
JP2014145333A (ja) * 2013-01-30 2014-08-14 Kawamoto Pump Mfg Co Ltd 軸封構造、ポンプ装置
US11815100B2 (en) * 2020-04-01 2023-11-14 Billy Dean Watson Fluid leak diverter
KR102541124B1 (ko) * 2021-10-25 2023-06-07 이창호 회전축이 관통하는 압력탱크의 압력누출 방지방법 및 압력누출 방지구조
WO2023126462A1 (fr) * 2021-12-31 2023-07-06 Luxembourg Institute Of Science And Technology (List) Raccord à chambre d'étanchéité sous pression pour tube de traitement de four de traitement

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US4730656A (en) * 1985-07-08 1988-03-15 Am General Corporation Vehicle wheel end assembly
US5117743A (en) 1988-08-01 1992-06-02 Yuda Lawrence F Compact fluid operated cylinder and method
US5069461A (en) 1989-06-14 1991-12-03 Inpro Companies, Inc. Static and dynamic shaft seal assembly
US5180287A (en) * 1990-03-15 1993-01-19 Abbott Laboratories Method for monitoring fluid flow from a volumetric pump
US5217234A (en) 1991-03-22 1993-06-08 John Hornsby Mechanical seal with barrier fluid circulation system
US5180297A (en) 1991-03-22 1993-01-19 The Gorman-Rupp Company Fluid transfer pump with shaft seal structure
US5312116A (en) * 1991-06-21 1994-05-17 Lawrence D. Quaglia Self-adjusting O-ring seal product to retain internal bearing lubricants and pneumatic pressures
US5261676A (en) 1991-12-04 1993-11-16 Environamics Corporation Sealing arrangement with pressure responsive diaphragm means
US5294132A (en) 1992-07-24 1994-03-15 Five Star Seal Corporation Semi-cartridge seal
US5409240A (en) 1992-11-12 1995-04-25 Unilab Bearing Protection Company, Inc. Seal with self-lubricating contact surface
US5558491A (en) 1993-09-17 1996-09-24 Andrews; Darrell G. Unitized product seal for pumps
US5716054A (en) 1995-01-18 1998-02-10 Bw/Ip International, Inc. Diametric plane split mechanical face seal
US5553867A (en) 1995-04-21 1996-09-10 Environamics Corporation Triple cartridge seal having one inboard and two concentric seals for chemical processing pump
JPH08338538A (ja) * 1995-06-09 1996-12-24 Honda Motor Co Ltd 油圧シール装置
US5823541A (en) * 1996-03-12 1998-10-20 Kalsi Engineering, Inc. Rod seal cartridge for progressing cavity artificial lift pumps
JP3538319B2 (ja) * 1998-06-04 2004-06-14 オークマ株式会社 サーボモータを用いた位置制御装置
US6302405B1 (en) 1999-06-24 2001-10-16 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Anti-extrusion seal
US6406216B1 (en) 2000-07-07 2002-06-18 Jason J. Raasch Storm sewer overflow control device

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2413604B (en) * 2004-04-26 2008-06-11 Ihc Holland Nv Seal construction for a centrifugal pump
GB2413604A (en) * 2004-04-26 2005-11-02 Ihc Holland Nv A seal construction for a centrifugal pump
US8992213B2 (en) * 2009-02-03 2015-03-31 Ipsen, Inc. Sealing mechanism for a vacuum heat treating furnace
US20100196836A1 (en) * 2009-02-03 2010-08-05 Craig Moller Sealing Mechanism for a Vacuum Heat Treating Furnace
US20110024987A1 (en) * 2009-07-31 2011-02-03 Sputtering Components, Inc. Mechanical seal assembly for a rotatable shaft
US20140265151A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Stein Seal Company Circumferential Seal with Ceramic Runner
CN103557176A (zh) * 2013-10-31 2014-02-05 上海大族新能源设备有限公司 一种泵的新型密封结构
US20150354583A1 (en) * 2014-06-09 2015-12-10 A.R. Wilfley And Sons, Inc. Centrifugal pump with governor actuated seal
US9790960B2 (en) * 2014-06-09 2017-10-17 A.R. Wilfley & Sons, Inc. Centrifugal pump with governor actuated seal
CN108194639A (zh) * 2018-02-06 2018-06-22 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 一种密封装置
US20200072358A1 (en) * 2018-08-31 2020-03-05 Rolls-Royce Corporation Seal runner support
US11054039B2 (en) * 2018-08-31 2021-07-06 Rolls-Royce Corporation Seal runner support
US20200248814A1 (en) * 2019-02-01 2020-08-06 Rolls-Royce Corporation Seal assembly with spring retainer runner mount assembly
US10935142B2 (en) * 2019-02-01 2021-03-02 Rolls-Royce Corporation Mounting assembly for a ceramic seal runner
US11466584B1 (en) 2021-07-29 2022-10-11 Rolls-Royce Corporation Ceramic runner seal assembly with compliant holder

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US7114726B2 (en) 2006-10-03
CA2335691C (fr) 2002-11-05
EP1364142A1 (fr) 2003-11-26
CA2335691A1 (fr) 2001-05-14
WO2002070928A1 (fr) 2002-09-12
US20050110220A1 (en) 2005-05-26

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: AV CELL INC., CANADA

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:MUARRAY, JAMES DANIEL;REEL/FRAME:012207/0897

Effective date: 20010518

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION