US1920488A

US1920488A - Gyratory cone crusher

Info

Publication number: US1920488A
Application number: US489734A
Authority: US
Inventors: Edgar B Symons
Original assignee: Nordberg Manufacturing Co
Current assignee: Nordberg Manufacturing Co
Priority date: 1930-10-20
Filing date: 1930-10-20
Publication date: 1933-08-01
Anticipated expiration: 1950-08-01

Description

E. B. SYMONS GYRATORY GONE CRUSHER .Aug l, 1933.

Filed Oct. 20. 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet l F m 0 /C W r n o e5 v NN n. N E \hb WN vg w m N mf mm. um@ .N ml m. mw n@ ww www NN @wv/WHY QU Thum@ NN wlw wx b www .www V m WU wlw U mgm@ www.. W m. m. f QQ \\N\ www wmM f www SNI WQ WQ m Q wv www ww U Q m .QW Q NU MU o WQ ww. *N WU TVQ m. n NNN. N5 N NPN NN wvwm wk# 96%@ EN NNN \\\N\| M 1mm.. NNN.. PNN n. mmrw Aug. l, 1933. E. B. sYMoNs GYRATORY GONE CRUSHER Filed 001;. 20. 1950 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 llg- 1, 1933-'` E. B. sYMoNs I GYRATORY GONE CRUSH-ER Filed Oct. 20. 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 D 7% LMU m W5, @of d d j@ Patented Aug. l, 1933 unirsi) STATES 1,920,488 GYRATORY CQNE CRUSHER Edgar B. Symons, Hollywood, Calif., assignor to Nordberg Manufacturing Company, Milwaukee, Wis., a Corporation of Wisconsin Application October 20,

l2 Claims.

My invention relates to improvements in gyratory cone crushers and has for one object the provision of a crusher particularly adapted for fine reduction. Another object is the provision of improved means for holding the crushing mantle in position upon the head. Another object is the provision of improved feed means. Other objects will appear from time to time in the course of the specification and claims.

I illustrate my invention more or less diagrammatically in the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is a vertical section;

Figure 2 is a top plan View of feed hopper and supporting means;

Figure 3 is a side elevation of parts shown in Figure 2 with parts broken away;V

Figure 4 is a section on the line 4-4 of Figure 3; l m

Figure 5 is a detail of rack and pinion for making adjustments of feed hopper;

Figure 6 is a top plan View of a feed distributing plate;

Figure 7 is a section along the line 7-7 of Figure 6;

Figure 8 is a detail of securing means for feed plate.

Like parts are indicated by like symbols throughout the specification and drawings.

Referring to the drawings, A generally indicates any suitable base or foundation upon which the crusher may be mounted. A1 indicates an outer main frame member laterally extending as at Az to provide an adequate supporting surface. The frame member A1 extends laterally at its upper edge to form the convex ring or seat A3 with its tapered sides A'1 A5. A0 are radial supporting members which support the main bearing sleeve A7 with its upper housing or gear box extension A8 and its lateral drive housing extension A9.

B is a drive shaft upon the outer end of which is mounted the drive pulley B1. The shaft B rotates in any suitable bearings B2 in the removable bearing supporting sleeve B3. .B1 is 'a beveled pinion in mesh with the gear B5 at the upper end of the eccentrically apertured sleeve B6. B1 is an anti-frictional lining of babbitt or the like positioned between the interior of the sleeve A'1 and the exterior of the member B0. A similar anti-frictional babbitt B8 is positioned within the eccentric aperture B9 of the sleeve B0.

Positioned within the aperture B0 is the shaft C downwardly tapered, as shown in Figure 1,

1930. Serial No. 489,734`

to conform to the taper of the aperture B0. It includes a generally cylindrical upper portion C1 of somewhat greater diameter, upon which is mounted the inner head mem'ber C2, which includes a lower spherical convex bearing surface C3 resting upon the concave spherical bearing member C1 upon the gear box cover C5. The outer surface of the-head member C2 is generally conic as at C6 and terminates in a downwardly apron C1 of generally cylindrical form. C8 C9 indicate circumferential flanges formed upon the interior of the head member C2, having respectively the spherical bearing surfaces C10 and C11 opposed to the wiping members C12 C13 which may form part of the unitary wiping structure C11 upwardly thrust as by the spring C15 against the bearing surfaces C10 C11.

Mounted upon the exterior conic surface C6 of the inner head member C2 is the generally conic mantle, generally indicated as D. It has an inner conic surface D1 opposed to the conic surface C0, and inwardly projecting lugs D2 adapted to penetrate any suitable apertures in the head `member C2 to prevent relative rotation of the mantle and head member. The outer crushing `face of the mantle D includes a generally conic portion D3 which merges with an inwardly inclined or reduced portion D4. The lower edge of the mantle D conforms as at D5 to the cylindrical outer surface of the apron C7. The upper edge of the face D4 of the mantle is bounded or limited by a generally horizontal top face D6 which is broken by an inward ledge DI in which seats a securing and feed distributing plate D0. This plate D11 may be secured to the top C1 of the gyratory shaft C, as by the bolts or screws D9 having heads D10. D11 indicates a securing plate apertured about its periphery, as at D12, to conform to the non-circular shape of the screw heads D10, the rotation of which and the lqosening of the screws and the plate DB being thereby prevented. The locking plate D11 is held in posi tion as by the pin D14 and the locking member D13 thereupon.

The concave `or bowl structure, which is opposed to the mantle D, is supported in the following manner: E generally indicatesa ring recessed as at E1 in general conformitywith the flange A3 upon the frame A1. "The ring E is normally held seated upon said flange as by the coil springs E2, the annular abutment E3 and the compression members E*1 which pass upwardly through the fiange A3' and the ring E and are opposite ends below the abutment E3.

Positioned within 'the ring E is the bowl supporting member, generally indicated as G. It includes the outer end generally cylindrical portion G1 which is exteriorly screwthreaded as at G2 to maintain a -screwthreaded relationship with the ,opposed threads G3 upon the ring E. G4 is ,the bowl proper, herein shown as formed integrally with the member G1 and further connected therewith as by the webs G5. G1i is a bowl liner having an exterior generally conic face G7 conforming to the interior face of the bowl G4. The bowl G4 is cut away or apertured as at G8, such apertures being formed to receive the hook shaped lugs G9 of the liner G6. G11 are U-bolts employed to securefeed lugs G9 and drawn up as by the nuts G11 against any suitable abutments G12. Note that the inner crushing surface G13 of the liner Gfi is throughout the greater part of its length parallel with, or only at a slight angle in relation to the opposed crushing surface of the mantle D. It may be somewhat outwardly flared, as at G14, in order to increase the diameter of the upper portion of the crushing zone dened -by the opposed reduced or outwardly inclined portion D4 of the mantle D.

Mounted in any suitable fashion upon the ring E are the upwardly extending supports H, upwardly screw-threaded as at H1 to receive supporting nuts H2 upon which ride supports H3`for the transverse frame structure H4. Mounted in such frame structure is a hopper H5 terminating in a chute H6 preferably fixed in relation to the hopper. telescopic adjustable chute member H7, herein shown as exterior tothe chute H6. It may include the upwardly extending 'slide H9 with which is associated a rack H10 in mesh with a pinion H11 mounted upon the transverse supporting frame H4. It will be understood that rotation of the pinion H11, as by any suitable handle H12, will raise or lower the movable chute portion H7 and thus adjust the height of the chute in relation to the top plate Ds of the head. The chute member H1 is locked in position by means of the bolt H13 and set screws H14 H14..

J indicates a cylindrical housing or guard positioned upon the upper edge of the bowl member G4, and serving to limit and direct the flow of the material fed and to prevent its escape to the rear of the bowl.

A number of the details of the device herein shown, including the adjustments for the bowl and the oiling system, are not shown in detail herein or described since they do not of themselves form part of the present invention.

It will be realized that whereas I have described and shown a practical and operative device, that nevertheless many changes may be made in size, shape, numbercand distribution of parts without departing from the spirit and scope of my present invention. I therefore wish my drawings and description to be taken as in a broad sense illustrative or diagrammatic rather than as limiting me to my precise showing herein.

In connection with the description of the head and the phraseology of the claims, the head broadly includes the inner head member, the upper portion of the shaft upon which said inner head member is mounted, the mantle or effective crushing member which is mounted upon the inner head member, Vand the plate which serves the double function of receiving the feed and of The chute is provided with a lower headed as at E5 with securing nuts EG at their holding the mantle in place. Similarly the surrounding bowl or concave broadly includes the outer bowl member and the bow shaped liner or effective crushing member which is mounted thereon.

In the claims it is stated that the head is provided with a generally flat top or a flat top portion. It will be understood, of course, that this language will not limit the application specifically to a fiat top, as all that is necessary is that the peripheral portion of the top be suiciently fiattened to serve as a receiving member for the material to be crushed, from which it will move into the crushing cavity. As is clear from Figures I and 7 the flatness of the top is broken by the member D11 with the bolt heads D10 and also by the member D13. Since these upward projections are positioned inwardly of the periphery or edge of the top of the cone they do not interfere with the operation of the device and it will be understood that an undisturbed movement from about the edge of the top of the head is an important function of the top of the head, which function is not interfered with by parts projecting upwardly from the top of the head at a distance inwardly of the edge sufficiently great to permit free escape of material over the edge.

In the claims is employed the statement that the generally at top of the head lies generally Within the 'plane of the upper edge of the effective crushing portion of the bowl. It is important that the top of the head be approximately at the top of the crushing member but some slight variation in either way does not interfere with the operation of the device. In fact, as shown in Figure 1, the edge D61 on the crushing side is shown just about at the plane of the upper edge of the effective crushing portion of the bowl, but

the corresponding edge portion D on the dis-4 charge or right hand side of the cone or head as shown in Figure l is somewhat belowthe plane of the upper edge of the bowl liner. It willbe understood that some variation in either direction is of little importance.

The use and operation of my invention are as follows: y

In my gyratory'crusher I employ a relatively steep cone, the angle of which is preferably greater than the angle of the proposed material delivered thereto, the crushing surface being defined by the mantle D and by the opposed bowl liner G6. The bowl or bowl liner forms a downwardly and outwardly inclined concave overhanging the cone or head. The parts' are so proportioned that the head has a lateral travel upon its spherical bearing C3 very large in relation to the distance separating the opposed crushing surfaces at their moment of closest approach. In use, the crushing space between bowl and head has a cross section materially greater than that of .the stream of material passing through and the head is withdrawn from the bowl, even after crushing impact for such a distance and at such a speed and at such an angle as to leave the material just crushed unsupported so that it drops freely by gravity downwardly away from the surface of the overhanging bowl to a lower portion of the cone.

The presentncrusher is primarily intended as a ne reduction crusher. The opposed crushing surface of the bowl and'head, namely of the liner for .the bowl and of the mantle for the head, may be made parallel substantially from top to bottom or throughout va substantial proportion of the area, fromthe bottom up. `As shown in Fisure 1, they are flared apart at the upper part of the crushing zone, but from a crushing zone of relative small cross section in relation to the corresponding crushing zone of gyratory cone crushers adapted for coarse crushing. Through any suitable feeding means a relatively restricted volume of already flnely divided material may be fed to the crushing zone, for example material of say three-quarters of an inch may be fed and is broken up'v by repeated impacts of head against bowl, the material being reduced by successive crushing strokes, each terminating in a very close approach of head to bowl. Owing to the spherical mounting of the head, which gives the head the effect, in action, as if it Were suspended at a point where an apex above the top of the head, the actual carrying stroke of the head, increases progressively from top to bottom of the crushing zone. The material is nely reduced by the successive impacts, and may pack into'clods or flakes of ne particles. As these flakes are released, after each crushing impact, they may drop upon the cone and are broken up and again recrushed. The repeated packing, breaking and ff'repacking or flaking results in a maximum grinding or crushing of particle against particle and the end product may be practically of powder flneness. Owing to the spring release the head or cone and the bowl may be set to contact practically from top to bottom and may be set to an extremely close approach, if desired.

In supplying the feed I may employ the plate Da as a species of distribution plate upon which is piled through the hopper H5 and the chute H6 and I-I7 the material to be crushed. By adjusting the vertical height of the chute I-I7 in relation to the plate DB, the volume of feed may be controlled. Also adjustments to conform to the wear of the opposed bowl liner and cone mantle may similarly be made.- Also the supporting frame H4 may be vertically adjusted as a unit, as by rotation of the nuts H2.

Referring for example to Figure 1, it will be seen that the feed plate D8 is positioned substantially below the center of the sphere dened by the opposed bearing' members C3 and C4. 'Ihis positioning of the feed plate permits or causes the material being crushed to be fed to the crushing zone at a level adjacent the top of the crushing zone. Thus the material begins its free fall through the crushing zone at the top of the zone, and the acceleration of the fallen particles is insufficient to carry them far down into the crushing zone before they are caught by the first crushing nip. If they were dropped from a level substantially above the top of the crushing zone, the gravital acceleration would in many cases be sufficient to carry the material far down into the crushing 'zone before the first nip. 'Ihe result would be a lessening of the number of nips to which each particle is subjected, and a packing or concentration of the particles in the lower portion of the crushing zone.

Another advantage of the position in whichthe plate D8 is shown rests in a tendency of the material fed to it to moveV outwardly toward the crushing zone in response to the normal gyration 'of the head. There is no tendency of the material to build up on the plate or to move in a direction opposite to the direction of movement of the head, as is the case when the feed plate is positioned above the. center of the sphere defined bylthe bearing C3.

I claim:

1. In a gyratory crusher, a normally xed bowl,

a crushing portion therefor, an upwardly conic crushing head, and a stationary bearing beneath the head adapted to form the support for the head, means for moving the crusher head on the bearing, the bearing being spherically concaved from a center above the top of the crusher head to cause the movements of the crusher head to resemble the movements it would have if pivotally suspended at such point, said head being provided with an extended and generally flat top lying generally in the plane of the upper edge of the effective crushing portion of said bowl, and means for feeding material to the top of said head, and for confining such feed to said top.

2. In a gyratory crusher, a normally fixed bowl, a crushing portion therefor, an upwardly conic crushing head, means for supporting said head and means for moving said head in a circular direction to cause the axis of the crusher head to describe a cone with its apex above the top of the crusher head, said head being provided with a generally flat top lying generally in the plane of the upper edge of the effective crushing portion of said bowl, and means for directing substantially the entire volume of feed directly to the top of said head.

3. In a gyratory crusher, a normally fixed bowl, a crushing portion therefor, an upwardly conic crushing head, means for supporting said head and means for moving said head in a circular direction to cause the axis of the crusher head to describe a cone with its apex above the top of the crusher head, said head being provided with a generally flat top lying generally in the plane of the upper edge of the effective crushing portion of said bowl, and means for directing substantially the entire volume of feed directly to the top of said head, including a chute aligned with said top.

4. In a gyratory crusher, a normally fixed bowl, a crushing portion therefor, an upwardly conic crushing head, means for supporting said head and means for moving said head in a circular direction to cause the axis of the crusher head to describe a cone with its apex above the top of the crusher head, said head being provided with a generally flat top lying generally in the plane of the upper edge of the effective crushing portion of said bowl, and means for directing substantially the entire volume of feed directly to the top of saidhead, including a chute aligned with said top, and means for adjusting said chute vertically in relation to the top of the head.

5. In a gyratory crusher, a normally xed bowl, a crushing portion therefor, an upwardly conic crusher head and means for gyrating it, said head being provided with a generally at top, and

means for directing substantially the entire volume of feed directly to the top of said head, including a chute aligned with said top and vertically adjustable in relation thereto, the feed receiving top of the head being positioned in substantially the plane of the top of the effective crushing portion of said bowl.

6. In a gyratory crusher, an upwardly conic crushing head and means for gyrating it, anda bowl surrounding said head, a crushing portion therefor, said head having a generally conic side face, a mantle mounted upon said conic side face, and means for holding said mantle in position upon said head, including a plate overlying a portion of the upper edge of said mantle and lying generally within the plane of the upper edge of the effective crushing portion of said bowl, and means for drawing said plate' downwardly against the upper edge of the mantle, and means for delivering the material to be crushed to said plate, and for confining such feed to said plate.

7. In a gyratory crusher, an upwardly conic crushing head and means for gyrating it, and a means fordrawing said plate downwardly against the upper edge of the mantle, including a plurality of bolts in screwthreaded engagement with the head, and means for delivering the material to be crushed to said plate, and for confining such feed to said plate, said plate lying in the general plane of the upper edge of the effective crushing portion of said bowl.

8. In a gyratory Crusher, a crushing head and means for gyrating it, anda bowl surrounding said head, said head having a generally conic side face, a mantle mounted upon said conic side face,

and means for holding said mantle in position upon said head, including a plate overlying a portion of the upper edge of said mantle, and means for drawing said plate downwardly against the upper edge of the mantle, including a plurality of bolts in screwthreaded engagement with the/ head, and unitary means for preventing rotation of said bolts, including a locking plate apertured to conform to the shape of the heads of said bolts, and means for delivering the material to be crushed to said plate. f

9'. In a gyratory Crusher, an upwardly conic crushing head and means for gyrating it, and a. normally fixed bowl surrounding said head, a crushing portion therefor, the exterior surface of said head including a side portion corresponding generally to the form of a truncated cone, the head having agenerally level top surface bounded by the upper edge of the. truncated cone and lying generally in the plane of the top of the effective crushing portion of said bowl, the diameter of the level top exceeding the height of the 'miv crushing zone between head and bowl, and means for delivering the material to be crushed to said level top surface, and for conning such feed to said plate.

10. In a gyratory crusher, an upwardly conic head including a generally'conic crushing portion, a bowl including a crushing portion surrounding and overhanging the conicy crushing portion of the head, said head being provided with a relatively flat top portion lying generally in the plane of the upper edgeof the crushing portion of the bowl, and means for feeding the material to be crushed to said generally flat top portion and for confining such feed thereto.

11. In a gyratory crusher, a normally fixed bowl, a crushing portion therefor, an upwardly conic crushing head, the crushing portion of the bowl substantially overhanging said head, means for supportingv said head and means for moving said head in a circular direction to cause the axis of the head to describe a cone the apex of which is above the top of the Crusher head, the head being provided with a generally flat top lying generally in the plane of the upper edge of the effective crushing portion of the bowl, and means for feeding material to the top of the head. f

l2. In a gyratory Crusher, a normally fixed bowl, a crushing portion therefor, an upwardly conic crushing head, the crushing portion of the bowl substantially overhanging said head, means for. supporting said head and means for moving vsaid head in a circular direction to cause the axis of the head to describe a cone the apex of which is above'the top of the crusher head, the head being provided with a generally flat top plate lying generally in the plane of the upper `edge of the effective crushing portion of the bowl,

a mantle overlying said cone, the upper edge of said mantle underlying the outer edge of said plate, means for drawing said plate downwardly toward mantle and cone, and means for feedlng material to the top of the head.

EDGAR B. SYMONS.