Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
  • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
  • C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
  • C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
  • C08J9/26—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a solid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. leaching out
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
  • C08J9/28—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a liquid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. drying of coagulum
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L21/00—Compositions of unspecified rubbers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
  • C08J2201/04—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by the elimination of a liquid or solid component, e.g. precipitation, leaching out, evaporation
  • C08J2201/05—Elimination by evaporation or heat degradation of a liquid phase
  • C08J2201/0502—Elimination by evaporation or heat degradation of a liquid phase the liquid phase being organic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
  • C08J2201/04—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by the elimination of a liquid or solid component, e.g. precipitation, leaching out, evaporation
  • C08J2201/05—Elimination by evaporation or heat degradation of a liquid phase
  • C08J2201/0504—Elimination by evaporation or heat degradation of a liquid phase the liquid phase being aqueous
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
  • C08J2203/10—Water or water-releasing compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2303/00—Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
  • C08J2303/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2321/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified rubbers
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
  • H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
  • H01M50/443—Particulate material
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
  • H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
  • H01M50/491—Porosity
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

• porosity which is either rigid or flexible
• Another object of the improvements is to provide a processby means of which difi'erent degrees of porosity can be imparted to the body.
• My improved porous body consists of small particles or grains of porous material such for example as wood in the form of sawdust or meal, pumice, and the like, and a suitable binding medium connecting the said grains into a coherent mass, which binding medium coats only parts of the surfaces of the grains so as to produce coherent interstices between the same extending to the surface of the body.
• the binding medium consists of substances of the character of rubber such for example as rubber, guttapercha, balata subjected or not to soft or hard vulcanization, and intermingled if desired with the usual filling media such as factice, chalk or 'lithopone.
• the porosity of the body is based on the porosity of the individual grains and the said numerous interstices, and it is so great that the body is suitable for use as a separator in primary or secondary electric elements, diaphragms for electrolytic cells, filters and the like. If vulcanized the bodies have a high strength, and according to the degree of the vulcanization of the binding medium they are either rigid or flexible. Their resistance against chemical influences depends on the character of the binding medium and the porous bodies. Where a high chemical resisting power is desired the of pumice.
• the porous grains are first imbued with a liquid such as gasoline capable of swelling the binding medium, whereupon they are rapidly mixed with a body of the character of rubber, preferably rubber having a suitable vulcaniziug medium such as sulphur added thereto.
• a body of the character of rubber preferably rubber having a suitable vulcaniziug medium such as sulphur added thereto.
• the said rubber is used in mixture with suitable filling matter such as lithopone, chalk or factice.
• suitable filling matter such as lithopone, chalk or factice.
• the grains and rubber are intermingled by known methods, for example by means of mixing rollers.
• the pourous body thus produced can be usedfor many purposes without being vulcanized. But in most cases I prefer to increase the strength of thebody by subjecting the same to hard or soft vulcanizas tion.
• the body be.- fore or during vulcanization with a liquid medium such as water, which is not capable of causing the rubber or the like to swell, the
• the foils-are vulcanized in hot water at the same pressure If a body of increased porosity is desired the foils-are vulcanized in hot water at the same pressure.
• porous bodies which consists in imbuing porous particles with a medium adapted to swell matter of the character of rubber, intermingling the said porousv particles with matter of the character of rubher, and causing contraction of the matter of the character of rubber surrounding the said porous particles by vaporization of the medium passed into the same from said particles.
• porous bodies which consists in imbuing porous particles with gasoline, intermingling the said porous particles with matter of the character of rubber, and cansing contraction of the matter of the character of rubber surrounding said particles by vaporization of the gasoline passed into the same from said particles.
• porous bodies which consists in imbuing porous particles with a medium adapted to swell matter of the character of rubber, mixin g the said porous particles with matter of the character of rubber and vulcanizing matter, causing contraction of the matter of the character of rubber surround- 5 ing said particles by vaporization oi the medium passed 1nto the same from sand particles, imbuing the mixture with water, heating the mixture at vulcanizing temperature, and V vaporizing the water.
• porous bodies which consists in imbuing porous particles with a medium adapted to swell matter of the character of rubber, intermingling the said porous particles with matter of the character of rubber and vulcanizing matter, causing contraction of the matter of the character of rubber surrounding said particles by vaporization of the medium passed into the samefrom said particles, imbuing the mixture with water, heating the mixture in water at vulcanizing temperature, and vaporizing the water.
• porous bodies which consists in mixing porous particles with matter capable of swelling in water, adding to the mixture a medium capable of causing matter of the character of rubber to swell, adding to the said mixture matter of the character of rubber and vulcanizing matter, vaporizing the medium capable to swell the matter of the character of rubber, imbuing the mixture with water, heating the mixture in water at vulcanizing temperature, and removing the matter capable of swelling in water.
• porous bodies which consists in mixing porous particles with potato flour, adding to the mixture a medium capable of causing matter of the character of rubber to swell, adding to the said mixture matter of the character of rubber and a vulcanizing matter, vaporizing the matter capable to swell the matter of the character of rubber, imbuingthe mixture with water, heating the same at vulcanizing temperature, and re moving the matter capable of swelling in water.
• porous bodies which consists in imbuing disintegrated wood particles with a medium adapted to swell matter of the character of rubber, intermingling the said particles with matter of the character of rubber, and causing contraction of the matter of the character of rubber surrounding the said wood particles by vaporization of the medium passed into the same from said particles.
• porous bodies which consists in imbuing porous particles with a medium adapted to swell rubber, intermingling the said porous particles with rubber, and cansing contractlon of the rubber surrounding the said porous particles by vaporization of the medium passed into the same from said particles.
• porous bodies which consists in imbuing porous particles with a medium adapted to swell rubber, intermingling the said porous particles with rubber and Vulcanizing matter, causing contraction of the rubber surrounding the said particles by vaporization of the medium passed into the same from said particles, and heating the mixture at vulcanizing temperature.
• porous bodies which consists in imbuing porous particles with a. medium adapted to swell rubber, mixing the said porous particles with rubber and vulcanizing matter, causing contraction of the rubber surrounding said particles by vaporization of the medium passed into the same from said particles, imbuing the mixture with water, heating the mixture at vulcanizing temperature, and vaporizing the water.
• porous bodies which consists in mixing porous particles with matter capable of swelling in water, adding to the mixture a liquid capable of causing rubber to swell,
• the herein described porous body which contains particles of disintegrated wood, and vulcanized rubber connecting the said particles and coating parts of the surfaces of the particles and leaving other parts bare, the interstices provided at the bare parts communicating with one another so as to produce minute passages extending through the whole body.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
• Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=31893845

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (2)

• 0
  • BE BE346242D patent/BE346242A/xx unknown
• 1927
  • 1927-01-15 DE DEZ16545D patent/DE556192C/de not_active Expired
  • 1927-11-17 US US234028A patent/US1856684A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1927-11-21 FR FR644311D patent/FR644311A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1927-11-21 GB GB31291/27A patent/GB283566A/en not_active Expired
• 1930
  • 1930-04-07 FR FR38204D patent/FR38204E/fr not_active Expired

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