US1829237A - Heater element and method of making it - Google Patents

Heater element and method of making it Download PDF

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Publication number
US1829237A
US1829237A US311952A US31195228A US1829237A US 1829237 A US1829237 A US 1829237A US 311952 A US311952 A US 311952A US 31195228 A US31195228 A US 31195228A US 1829237 A US1829237 A US 1829237A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
heater
making
heater element
wire
insulation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US311952A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ruben Samuel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RUBEN TUBE Co
Original Assignee
RUBEN TUBE Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE364329D priority Critical patent/BE364329A/xx
Application filed by RUBEN TUBE Co filed Critical RUBEN TUBE Co
Priority to US311952A priority patent/US1829237A/en
Priority to FR682746D priority patent/FR682746A/fr
Priority to GB30762/29A priority patent/GB341465A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1829237A publication Critical patent/US1829237A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/02—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
    • H01J9/08—Manufacture of heaters for indirectly-heated cathodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
    • C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/02—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances
    • H01B3/08—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances quartz; glass; glass wool; slag wool; vitreous enamels
    • H01B3/085—Particles bound with glass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/02—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances
    • H01B3/10—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances metallic oxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
    • C04B2111/00525—Coating or impregnation materials for metallic surfaces

Definitions

  • This invention relates to heater elements and methods of making heater elements for indirectly heatin cathodes in electron emission tubes.
  • An 0%]' ect of this invention is the rovision of a heater element that will afford ong life and a high degree of thermal conduction and radiation to the cathode heater elements in electron emission tubes operating from an alternating current circuit.
  • the heater or resistance wire suchastungsten, is coated with a layer of finely powdered aluminum oxigg that has previously been calc1ne an mlxed with a small percentage of:
  • an insulating tube or other rigid body is used, having spaces provided in it through which the heater wire is extended.
  • this has been usually in the form of a quartz or porcelain tube having bores of small cross section extending through it, for containing the heater wire of such refractory material as tungsten.
  • the inherent drawback to this type of heater is that as the current is initially applied there is an excessive current flow, due to the contact of the heater wire with this relatively large mass of the insulating body; and as the wire contacts with the insulating member only in spots, those parts of the heater wire not so in contact are excessively heated, causing rapid deteriora tion.
  • a heater element preferably flexible, with an electrical yolati lized, and the aluminum oxide formmg a crystalline layer of corundum.
  • the coating is preferably prepared by grinding the calcined aluminum oxide with a sodium sili ie sp'll'utlon Having a specific gravity of f6?) until iiii proper fineness of material is obtained.
  • the surface of the resistance wire base should be previously oxidized by heating for a short period in air, after which the oxide mixture is applied in three evenly distributed coatings, each being allowed to dry before the next is added.
  • the completely coated wire . is then slowly passed through a chamber maintained at 1000 C.. and then slowly c La-d.
  • the final 'c'baTirYg is very tough and has a density of about double its initial density.
  • the coated heater wire is suspended in and in close surface contact with a nickel cylinder ei ijoracr cc ducm atmos here to about 195 650., all of the undeslragle bmdef material Be'm' g theni ment for an indirectly heated cathode of an as the cathode, the exterior surface of which latter member is coated with an alkaline earth oxide for eflicient thermo-electronic emission. So employed it has been found that the average insulation resistance between the cathode and the heater element is in the order of 31negohms. This Value varies with the extent and degree of pressure of contact and the size of the crystals of the coating.
  • H electrical discharge evice which comprises heating said element to form 'an oxide coating thereon, applying a thin coatin of a mixture of Qwdered aluminum oxide andvso- :dium silicate, allowing said mixture to dry,

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Finger-Pressure Massage (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)
US311952A 1928-10-11 1928-10-11 Heater element and method of making it Expired - Lifetime US1829237A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE364329D BE364329A (is") 1928-10-11
US311952A US1829237A (en) 1928-10-11 1928-10-11 Heater element and method of making it
FR682746D FR682746A (fr) 1928-10-11 1929-10-04 Perfectionnements aux éléments de chauffage destinés aux appareils de décharge électrique et aux procédés de fabrication de ces éléments
GB30762/29A GB341465A (en) 1928-10-11 1929-10-10 Improvements in or relating to heater elements for electric discharge devices and to methods of making such elements

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US311952A US1829237A (en) 1928-10-11 1928-10-11 Heater element and method of making it

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1829237A true US1829237A (en) 1931-10-27

Family

ID=23209200

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US311952A Expired - Lifetime US1829237A (en) 1928-10-11 1928-10-11 Heater element and method of making it

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US1829237A (is")
BE (1) BE364329A (is")
FR (1) FR682746A (is")
GB (1) GB341465A (is")

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2417459A (en) * 1945-05-21 1947-03-18 Eitel Mccullough Inc Electron tube and electrode for the same
US2708168A (en) * 1951-02-28 1955-05-10 Rca Corp Insulating coatings for electrical insulators and spray material for such coatings
US2921156A (en) * 1957-01-30 1960-01-12 A M Company Governor body
US3246197A (en) * 1962-10-02 1966-04-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp Cathode heater having an aluminum oxide and tungesten coating

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2417459A (en) * 1945-05-21 1947-03-18 Eitel Mccullough Inc Electron tube and electrode for the same
US2708168A (en) * 1951-02-28 1955-05-10 Rca Corp Insulating coatings for electrical insulators and spray material for such coatings
US2921156A (en) * 1957-01-30 1960-01-12 A M Company Governor body
US3246197A (en) * 1962-10-02 1966-04-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp Cathode heater having an aluminum oxide and tungesten coating

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE364329A (is")
GB341465A (en) 1931-01-12
FR682746A (fr) 1930-06-02

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