US1739044A - Method of treating electron-emission elements - Google Patents
Method of treating electron-emission elements Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1739044A US1739044A US160758A US16075827A US1739044A US 1739044 A US1739044 A US 1739044A US 160758 A US160758 A US 160758A US 16075827 A US16075827 A US 16075827A US 1739044 A US1739044 A US 1739044A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- treating
- emission elements
- oxides
- electron
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/02—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
- H01J9/04—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of thermionic cathodes
- H01J9/042—Manufacture, activation of the emissive part
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method of treating electron emission elements, and more par-.
- ticularlydt relates to a method of treating cathode elements by coating them with a dense 5 layer of alkaline earth oxides to increase the electron'emission beyond that of the metal bases used as cathodes in electronemission devices.
- the metal cathodes have had their emission characteristics increased by coatings of alkaline earth oxides by (l) applying to the cathode base an oxide mix ture, or a single oxide, with a binder material, which latter is then carbonized or vaporq ized old, (2) applying an oxide with another compound and decomposing the latter to allow to remain an adherent residue of the de sired oxide and, in some instances, a portion 7 of the binder element in the form of a finely divided metal and (3) passing the cathode base through a molten mixture of oxides. While such treatment temporarily improves the cathode emission, for adequate service these coatings lack uniform distribution, proper density and permanent electrical contact with the base, causing excessive resist-ancelosses in the coating material. At higher voltages a strong electrostatic attraction away from the cathode to the anode carries the coating particles with it.
- the wire passes over heated dryer 3, the binder element is driven oil andthe oxide coated wire is carried to compression rolls with the oxide coating at approximately the melting temperature of the oxides, the rollers compressing the coating mass and making it more dense and adherent to the metal base, and therefore giving the cathode element a higher degree of emissivity and longer life.
- the method of treating an electron emission element which consists in applying a mixture of an alkaline earth oxide and a binder material to the surface of the element, heating the coating layer on the element and compressing the coating layer at a temperature close to its melting temperature.
- the method of treating an electron emission element which consists in applying a mixture of alkaline earth oxides and a binder material to the surface of the element, heating the applied mixture on the element and compressing the coatingof the element at a temperature below the melting temperature of the coating mixture of oxides.
- the method of treating an electron emission element which consists in applying to the surface of the element a mixture of stron tium and barium oxides with a binder material, heating the coated element and compressing the applied coating of oxides while heated to a plastic condition.
- the method of treating an electron emission element which consists in immersing the element in a mixture of strontium and barium oxides p with a binder material, withdrawing the element and drying the coating of oxides adhering to the element, heating the coating to a temperature just below its melt- 5.
- the method of treating an electron emission element which consists in applying a mixture of an alkaline earth oxide to the surface of the element, heating the coating layer on 5 the element and compressing the coating layer at a temperature close to its melting temperature.
Description
Dec. 10, 1929."
s. RUBEN METHOD OF TREATING ELECTRON EMISSION ELEMENTS Filed Jan. 12, 1927 wjvwewtoz amue1 Ruben 33 his 61111 1 7;;.C
till
Patented Dec. 10, 1929 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE SAMUEL RUBEN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO RUBEN TUBE CQMPANY, A GOR- PORA.TION OF DELAWARE METHOD OF TREATING ELECTRON-EMISSION ELEMENTS Application med January 12, 1927. Serial No. 160,758
I This invention relates to a method of treating electron emission elements, and more par-.
ticularlydt relates to a method of treating cathode elements by coating them with a dense 5 layer of alkaline earth oxides to increase the electron'emission beyond that of the metal bases used as cathodes in electronemission devices.
In the prior art the metal cathodes have had their emission characteristics increased by coatings of alkaline earth oxides by (l) applying to the cathode base an oxide mix ture, or a single oxide, with a binder material, which latter is then carbonized or vaporq ized old, (2) applying an oxide with another compound and decomposing the latter to allow to remain an adherent residue of the de sired oxide and, in some instances, a portion 7 of the binder element in the form of a finely divided metal and (3) passing the cathode base through a molten mixture of oxides. While such treatment temporarily improves the cathode emission, for adequate service these coatings lack uniform distribution, proper density and permanent electrical contact with the base, causing excessive resist-ancelosses in the coating material. At higher voltages a strong electrostatic attraction away from the cathode to the anode carries the coating particles with it.
l have found that by applying a coating of alkaline earth oxide material of high emissivity, such as strontium or barium, to the surface of the cathode element and, after drying the coating and driving off the binder element, heating the coating material to a point just below its melting temperature and compressing it, there remains an oxide coating that is dense, uniformly distributed and of low electrical resistance, and having a life and efliciency greatly above that obtained.
5 under compression and on to a reel. As
the wire passes over heated dryer 3, the binder element is driven oil andthe oxide coated wire is carried to compression rolls with the oxide coating at approximately the melting temperature of the oxides, the rollers compressing the coating mass and making it more dense and adherent to the metal base, and therefore giving the cathode element a higher degree of emissivity and longer life.
What I claim is:
1. The method of treating an electron emission element which consists in applying a mixture of an alkaline earth oxide and a binder material to the surface of the element, heating the coating layer on the element and compressing the coating layer at a temperature close to its melting temperature.
2. The method of treating an electron emission element which consists in applying a mixture of alkaline earth oxides and a binder material to the surface of the element, heating the applied mixture on the element and compressing the coatingof the element at a temperature below the melting temperature of the coating mixture of oxides.
3. The method of treating an electron emission element which consists in applying to the surface of the element a mixture of stron tium and barium oxides with a binder material, heating the coated element and compressing the applied coating of oxides while heated to a plastic condition.
4. The method of treating an electron emission element which consists in immersing the element in a mixture of strontium and barium oxides p with a binder material, withdrawing the element and drying the coating of oxides adhering to the element, heating the coating to a temperature just below its melt- 5. The method of treating an electron emission element which consists in applying a mixture of an alkaline earth oxide to the surface of the element, heating the coating layer on 5 the element and compressing the coating layer at a temperature close to its melting temperature.
In testimony whereof, SAMUEL RUBEN has signed his name to this specification this tenth 1 day of January, 1927.
Y SAMUEL RUBEN.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US160758A US1739044A (en) | 1927-01-12 | 1927-01-12 | Method of treating electron-emission elements |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US160758A US1739044A (en) | 1927-01-12 | 1927-01-12 | Method of treating electron-emission elements |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1739044A true US1739044A (en) | 1929-12-10 |
Family
ID=22578308
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US160758A Expired - Lifetime US1739044A (en) | 1927-01-12 | 1927-01-12 | Method of treating electron-emission elements |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1739044A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2895854A (en) * | 1956-09-28 | 1959-07-21 | Philco Corp | Method of making cathode assemblies and products |
| US2908593A (en) * | 1952-04-17 | 1959-10-13 | Edward S Naidus | Electrical capacitors |
-
1927
- 1927-01-12 US US160758A patent/US1739044A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2908593A (en) * | 1952-04-17 | 1959-10-13 | Edward S Naidus | Electrical capacitors |
| US2895854A (en) * | 1956-09-28 | 1959-07-21 | Philco Corp | Method of making cathode assemblies and products |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US1922254A (en) | Thermionic tube electrode | |
| US1739044A (en) | Method of treating electron-emission elements | |
| US3668002A (en) | Shadow mask having focusing function and method of making same | |
| US2433821A (en) | Electron emissive cathode | |
| US2487581A (en) | Electrical resistor and method of making same | |
| US893811A (en) | Electrical condenser. | |
| US2175701A (en) | Method of manufacturing mosaic electrodes | |
| US2311513A (en) | Method of applying luminescent coating | |
| US2745047A (en) | Selenium rectifiers and method of manufacture | |
| US1640710A (en) | Electron emitting cathode and process of preparing the same | |
| US2457515A (en) | Insulating coating compositions and method of making | |
| US1670483A (en) | Electron device and method of activation | |
| US3350596A (en) | Electroluminescent lamp having a high resistivity electrode | |
| US2246162A (en) | Thermionic cathode treatment | |
| US1883840A (en) | Manufacturing oxide cathodes | |
| US1655972A (en) | Lightning arrester | |
| US2204251A (en) | Electrode for television tubes | |
| US1624071A (en) | Method of affixing coatings on incandescent-lamp filaments | |
| US1865449A (en) | Thermionically inactive electrode | |
| US1840789A (en) | Cathode for thermionic devices | |
| US2613164A (en) | Method of coating electron emissive cathodes | |
| US1851699A (en) | Space-current discharge device | |
| US2496901A (en) | Method and composition for coating cathode-ray tubes | |
| US1683064A (en) | Electric conductor and process of making same | |
| DE2518666A1 (en) | METHOD FOR APPLYING GLAZES TO THE SURFACE OF SEMICONDUCTOR ACTIVE PARTS, HOLDING DEVICE FOR EXECUTING THE METHOD AND ITS APPLICATION FOR PASSIVATING PN TRANSITIONS |