US1767041A - Caster-oil soap and process of making castor-oil soap - Google Patents
Caster-oil soap and process of making castor-oil soap Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1767041A US1767041A US102078A US10207826A US1767041A US 1767041 A US1767041 A US 1767041A US 102078 A US102078 A US 102078A US 10207826 A US10207826 A US 10207826A US 1767041 A US1767041 A US 1767041A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- soap
- castor oil
- oil soap
- solution
- castor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 title description 34
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 title description 27
- 229960001777 castor oil Drugs 0.000 title description 27
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 title description 26
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 title description 26
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 5
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 27
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 9
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 8
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940083608 sodium hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 235000004443 Ricinus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000021588 free fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenolphthalein Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)O1 KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000699 Bacterial toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 108010039491 Ricin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000688 bacterial toxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940049964 oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- IJRHDFLHUATAOS-DPMBMXLASA-M sodium ricinoleate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O IJRHDFLHUATAOS-DPMBMXLASA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/08—Liquid soap, e.g. for dispensers; capsuled
Definitions
- One of the objects in making concentrated soap is to have soap in a form that can be conveniently diluted with water to weak 1 solutions;
- Castor oil soap is a very water soluble soap, in fact much more so than most other soaps. Potassium soaps-are, as a rule, more water soluble than sodium soaps of the corresponding fatt acids, but even castor oil sodium soap is ighly soluble.
- I have found that -I- have used potassiumfhydroxide with equal success but prefer the useofsodium' hydroxide because of its substantially more healthy action upon humantissue.
- I- may purified acid may'be used'as a basis of making a 40% solution-of sodium ricinoleate'of greater purity than is obtainable by direct saponification of castor oil. In this way I have obtained. a 40% solution of :pure or As 'such the. purified or partlypractically pure sodium ricin'oleate, which, i
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Description
Patented June 24, 1930 PN ES PATENT- oFr1cE.
'W'YLY BILLING, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, A SSIGNOR TO THE WM. S. MERBELL COM- PANY, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO OASTER-OIL SOAP AND PROCESS OF MAKING CASTOR-OIL SOAP No Drawing.
[6 they are used for treatment of various diseases, illnesses and infections.
Certain of these soaps, although soluble trated solution by addition of distilled .10 water, on cooling, develop into a transparent stifi, firm gel, of high viscosity.
One of the objects in making concentrated soap is to have soap in a form that can be conveniently diluted with water to weak 1 solutions;
It is obvious that a gel as indicated will require some time and patience to again take it up in water for forming the weak solution. These weak solutions, while being perfectly fluid, readily attack glass or vitreous surfaces, and in so doing are precipitated, thereby lowering the activity of the solution. Further, the weak solution is hazy, cloudy and turbid.
An object of 'my invention is to produce a soap that may be given a concentrated fluid or paste form providing a weak solution that will be perfectly clear or transparent and which will not attack glass or vitreous surfaces, with the effects previously noted. Although I shall explain my discovery and invention as applied to castor oil soap, and in so explaining the invention and the principles involved, the application of my invention to other soaps and analogous'or parallel chemical processes readily suggest I themselves, wherefore I do not limit myself i to the specific or exact substances, proportions, temperatures and steps that I am- 40 about to enumerate. In the application of my invention to castor oil soap it should be borne in mind that at the present time castor oil soap is not' commonly found in commerce because no one has shown any advantages in its use. Recently however, a great deal of work has been done to show that castor oil soap has a very definite germicidal power as well as a marked effect in neutralizing bacterial toxins.
Application" filed April 14, 1926. Serial No. 102,078.
It is an object of'my invention to so pre pare castor oil soap that its stated valuable properties may beutilized. To do this the substance should be in such form that it will readily or freely mix with water, and when so admixed" will not attack glass and y be thereby precipitated. The significance in the first instance, if made into a' concenof this is evident when considering that in hospitals, in clinics, and in ordinary household uses or products of this nature, enamel ware is commonly used for holding solutions. Enamel ware consists of a vitreous or glass surface upon metal.
Castor oil soap is a very water soluble soap, in fact much more so than most other soaps. Potassium soaps-are, as a rule, more water soluble than sodium soaps of the corresponding fatt acids, but even castor oil sodium soap is ighly soluble. In explaining my invention I shall explain same as it relates to potassium soaps although it is 'to be understood, that the substance of my invention applies likewise to sodium soaps.
Heretofore, in endeavoring to make a concentrated solution of castor oil soap it has been found that castor oil soap, similar to other soaps, when admixed with distilled water in a proportion of about 25% to 40% soap, would give a stiff firm gel; for example, in making a 40% solution, the same on cooling gives a perfectly transparent gel of high viscosity. One of the objects in makmg a concentrated soap is to have it in a form which would be conveniently diluted to a weak solution. It isobvious that such a gel as is formed by the40% solution, would require a certain amount of time and patlence to again tak it up in water and thus.
form a weak solution. Furthermore, weak solutions, for example 1 to 2%, and inwhich some of the 40% solution has been utilized, while being perfectly fluid, readily attacks glass, and in so doing the soap is to some extent precipitated; The result is that the activity of the solution is therefore materially lowered. V I
Inpracticing my invention, I saponify castor oil by the exact equivalent amount of caustic soda, or potash, for obtaining a true neutral'soap. Thisneutral soap has the disfrom the-castor oil, as a result of which the gel will undergo a liquefaction. If the small amounts of free fatty acids of the source indicated' are added while the solution is hot,
n the mass will cool off 'as a" liquid. This li'quefied gel or Solution resulting from the addition of the free fatty .acids'upon. the
cooling off of'themass when diluted, pro-- vides a solution'that remains perfectly clear.
Further'this diluted solution does not attack glass.
* I have found that the followingstepsand proportions give desirable results.
In making a,4 solution I saponify '80 1 grams of castor oil, with sufficient quantity When tests show that the soda is all used up,-
I' of sodium hydroxide, which usually amounts to about. grams. ,'The sodium-hydroxide.
is dissolved in about cc. of water and added tothe castor oil with gentle heat of approximately 100 Fahrenheit. When the oil starts toisaponify it goes very rapidly and froths. To-pre vent'it from boiling over I addonly a little caustic soda at a time or,
else keep the mixture barely warm not hot.
I dissolve to gram of'causticsoda in a few cc. of water and add-this a little at time, until the soapdissolves clear" in dis-.
tilled water, which isvery slightly alkaline in alcoholic solution to phenolphthalein.
I then prepare the fatty-acids of castor oil by completely 'saponifying about 80 grams grams, the whole ofwhich is dissolved in sufiicijent quantity to make a dilute soap soallow same to cool. in this process about 5grams of fatty acids lution of approximately 5%. .I then throw: the fatty acids out of solution byadding an, excess of si'il'phuric acid.- About 14 grains of the 98% sulphuric acid are required.
- The fatty acids will rise to the surface and the aqueous solutionlis drawn off. from underneath. The resulting fatty acids are washedby water. several times to remove the sulphates and acid. In this way. I obtain 7 5" grams of the fatty acids. I-now add about 8 grams of this fatty acid mixture'to' the.
soapfsoluti on as previously described and are used up in neutralizing the slight excess of caustic which I added, thereby leaving about 3 grams additional of fattyacids present. These amounts vary of course with the I I excesses, of caustic which is present.
I then add sufiicient quantity of water to give about 200 grams of solution containing 40% of castor oil soap. This gives a strong solution v of castor oil soap, which mixes readily with water and gives dilutions with great ease, and furthermore, these dilutions do not attack glass as the ordinary castor oilsoap does.
process.
I have found that -I- have used potassiumfhydroxide with equal success but prefer the useofsodium' hydroxide because of its substantially more healthy action upon humantissue. I- may purified acid may'be used'as a basis of making a 40% solution-of sodium ricinoleate'of greater purity than is obtainable by direct saponification of castor oil. In this way I have obtained. a 40% solution of :pure or As 'such the. purified or partlypractically pure sodium ricin'oleate, which, i
has a;l-l the advantages of fluidity, clarity andnomsolvent action'on glass, which was. a explained for the'castor -oil'soap. f
1. As a new article of manufacture a saponified castor oil in -aliquid form and 'com prising approximately 25% water, sodium hydroxide and free fatty acids to 40% castor. app o l 75% to 160% distilled of castor oil in excess of thexamountnecessaryto complete reaction of the sodium hydroxide.
2'. The process which. comprises saponifying 80' grams of castor oil with approximately '10 grams ofv sodium hydroxide dissolved inwater and adding to the castor ,oil, with gentle heat approximately of castor oil with sodium. hydroxide 11 Fahrenheit, and adding small quantities of caustic soda from time to time until theres ulting mixture dissolves clear-in distilled water, slightly alkaline in alcoholic solution to phenolfphthalein and adding-thereto *8:
gramsof attyacids and permitting same to cool.
v 3.. As a new article of manufacture, a sa{ .ponified castor 'oil in a liquid form and comprising approximately 25%"t0 40% cas-" tor oil, approximately'7'5% to'60% distilled water, alkaline metal hydroxide'and free.
fatty acids ofcastor oilin excessof the amount necessary to complete reaction of the alltaline metalhydroxide.
.. 4 .-Asa new article of manufacture,-a clear concentrated fluid castor oil soap and uble in water by the presence of an excess of free fatty acid of castor oil.
In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name thislOth day of April,
; WYLY M.- BILLING.
being a true 'neu'tralsoap liquefied by'the addition of free .fatty acidsderivedfrom castor oil and being readily solubleiinwater'
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US102078A US1767041A (en) | 1926-04-14 | 1926-04-14 | Caster-oil soap and process of making castor-oil soap |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US102078A US1767041A (en) | 1926-04-14 | 1926-04-14 | Caster-oil soap and process of making castor-oil soap |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1767041A true US1767041A (en) | 1930-06-24 |
Family
ID=22288016
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US102078A Expired - Lifetime US1767041A (en) | 1926-04-14 | 1926-04-14 | Caster-oil soap and process of making castor-oil soap |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1767041A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1983001178A1 (en) * | 1981-10-06 | 1983-04-14 | Univ Southern Mississippi | Selected algaecides for control of cyanochloronta |
| US20040094477A1 (en) * | 2001-04-20 | 2004-05-20 | Zenon Lysenko | Separation of plant oil triglyceride mixtures by solid bed adsorption |
-
1926
- 1926-04-14 US US102078A patent/US1767041A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1983001178A1 (en) * | 1981-10-06 | 1983-04-14 | Univ Southern Mississippi | Selected algaecides for control of cyanochloronta |
| US4398937A (en) * | 1981-10-06 | 1983-08-16 | The University Of Southern Mississippi | Selective algaecides for control of cyanochloronta |
| US20040094477A1 (en) * | 2001-04-20 | 2004-05-20 | Zenon Lysenko | Separation of plant oil triglyceride mixtures by solid bed adsorption |
| US7097770B2 (en) * | 2001-04-20 | 2006-08-29 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Separation of plant oil triglyceride mixtures by solid bed adsorption |
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