US1722785A - Boiler having superheater - Google Patents

Description

B. N. BRolDo 1,722,785

BOILER HAVING SUPEBHEATER Filed Maron 6, 1926 2 sheets-sheet 1 July 3o, 1929.

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BOILER HAVING SUPERHEATER Filed March 6, 19,26 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTR BEM/H1711# BRO/DQ www@ ATTORN EYS Patented July Si?, i929.

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'BENJAMIN N. BROIDO, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE SUERHEATER 001V- IPANY, F NEW YORK, N. Y., A GOBPOBATONOF DELAWARE.

BOILER HAVING SUEERHETER.

Application filed March 6,' 1926. Serial No. 92,770.

either by resorting to the expedient of increasing the length of the steam passage through the superheater or by placing the superheater units nearer to the furnace. The first of these expedients necessarily involves greater installation costs. To consider the second expedient in connection particularly with horio zontal water tube boilers, at least two possibilities exist. A. space may be made for the superheater within the tube bundle'close to the furnace; but this will result in afhigher and therefore more expensive boiler. A second possibility is to extend the superheater loops into the spaces between the water tubes so their lower ends approach the furnace. This will partially obstruct the passage Ifor the gases and has therefore been hitherto thought objectionable. Y

The principal object of this invention is to provide a new and improved construction and arrangement of transverse baffles and superheater units in a boiler by means of which the desired high degree of superheat may be obtained without increasing the size of the superheater or materially impairing the efficiency of the boiler.

These results are obtained by placing the superheater units in the first gas pass of the boiler, between the boiler tubes, and arranging transverse-baiiles so that, notwithstanding the presence of the superheater i units, a uniform velocity of the furnace gases will be secured in all passes of the boiler.

Other objects such as ready installation and removal of the superhcater units, and simple and inexpensive manner of supporting the units will appear more fully from the following more detailed description andl by reference to the accompanying drawingsy forming a part hereof, and wherein, Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a constructional example of a boiler embodying the principles of my invention taken lengthwise of the boiler tubes, Fig. 2 is a sectionsubstantially on line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3--3 of Fig. 2; and Figs. 4 and 5 are views similar to Figs. 2 and'3 of a different construe.

tional example.

At and 11 I have indicated the front and rear main headers respectively, connected bv longitudinal tubes 12 which are inclined ih the specific embodiments shown. At a certain distance below the setof tubes 12, I have illustrated a set of similar tubes 13, which connect auxiliary front and rear headers la and 15 respectively, such headers communicating with the respective main headers, as through tubes 16 and 17 respectively.v An inclined battle 18 is shown as extending above the set of tubes 13, lfrom the front end of such set rearwardly and from the rear end of the inclined baffle across all the tubes of the upper set of tubes V18 an upright baffle 19` extends upwardly' 12. This upright baille may be inclined so that the passage 20 between the baille 19 and the rear headers will be slightly contracted upwardly. The passage it will be noted is much larger than'the passage usually provided for the first gas pass. At 211 have indicated a drum of well-known type,the lower portion of which communicates with the front headers, as at 22, while pipes 23, -24vconnect said drumwith the upper sectionll vof the rear headers. Aseco'nd upright baille 25 extends acrossthe tubes 12 of the upper set, between the upright baille 19 and the front header 10, and this baffle-25 is continued upwardly as at 26, to form, in conjunction with a baille 19and another baffle 27, respectively a downward passage 28 and an upward passage 29, the lower endsof these passages beingconnected by a vpassage 30, as the baille 25 terminates short of the baille 18. The upper ends of thepassages 20 and 28 are connected by a passage 31 extending lengthwise above the tubes 12. It will be understood that the walls of the boiler setting or lother structure are embodiment illustrated, there are no superheater elements in the passages 28, 29, and

30. I have shown headers 32 for the satf urated rsteam coming from the -boiler .and other headers 33 for the superheated steam tobe delivered to the place of use or consumption. These headers are horizontal and transverse to the direction of the boiler tubes 12, 13. In the particular embodiment shown,

' strict myself thereto.

there are three groups of superheater elements, a front group 34, a middle group 35, and a rear group 36. The front header 32 and the rear header 33 are shown connected with the superheater elements of only .one

4group (34 or 36 respectively) but each ofthe assaffe 20 and referabl terminate abovel the set of tubes 13, so that the lower superheater bends are in the space between the sets vof tubes 12 and 13. While this is the preferred construction, I do not intend to re* The superheater elements are preferably of gradually increasing length from rear to front, their lower bends being arranged in an inclined line substantially parallel to the tubes 12, 13. The lower ends of the superheater elements are preferably above the set of boiler tubes 13.

In the form shown in Figs. 1 to 3 inclusive, V'the spacing of the boiler tubes 12 transversely y of the boiler is somewhat different from the usual spacing. As shown most clearly in Fig. 3 the tubes are arranged in vertically arranged groups each group consisting of twostaggered rows of tubes, and each group being spaced from the adjacent group a sufficient distance 'to provide a clearance space in which the straight vertically extending superheater units are located.

` The invention is not limited however to the grouped spacing ofthe tubes shown in Figs. 1 to 3 inclusive but is equally applicable to a boiler in which the usualspacing of the boiler tubes is employed. In the latter case, as shown in Fig. 5 the superheater units 35L are sinuously curved to be between the tubes 12a. f In each case the tubes may be inserted by lspringing the headers 11, 11 towards the sides of the boiler, there being a sufficient space between the side face of the outermost headers and the inner faces of the side walls of the boilers to permit theheaders to be moved sideways enough to allow the super- Aheater units or elements to be passed between adjacent headers and inserted between the boiler tubes. y

The supporting of the superheater elements is remarkably simple, and as they are freely suspended, as it were, the strains to which 'they are subjected'by their own weight and by temperature changes, are reduced to a minimum. Furthermore, about two-thirds `of the space across which the boiler tubes 12 extend, is utilized for the first gas pass'in which the superheater elements are located. Vith this arrangement of such elements, I secure not only a better superheating effect but also a more efficient heating of the boiler tubes.

The Various parts are preferably so proportioned as to secure va uniform velocity of the combustion gases in the upward passage 2O and in the downward passage 28 (as well as in the upward passage 29). For this purpose, the effective or clear cross sectional area of the passage 20 (that isithe total area of the passage, minus the space occupied` by the water tubes 12 and by the superheater elements) is made equivalentto the effective or clear cross sectional area of the passage 28 (and of the passage 29) By using the term equivalent,""I intend to convey the fact that these cross sectional areas are not exactly equal, but the cross sectional area of the passage 28 (and of the passage 29)l is reduced, relatively to that of the passage 20, in the same proportion as the combustion gases are reduced in volume owing to the lowering of their temperature. n

While the superheater elements have been shown vertical or upright, and the water tubes inclined, with their ' headers 10, 11, 14, 15 upright, I desire it to be understood that the structure illustrated would be operative in other positions aswell.` f

Various modificationsV may be made without departing from thenature of my invention as set forth in the appended claims;

I claim :A y y i 1. A boiler of the type wherein a plurality of rows of water tubes are arranged to extend substantially horizontally over the boiler furnace, a plurality of battles extend transversely across said tubes to provide a plurality of gas passes and a plurality of superheater elements are located in the gas pass nearest to the furnace, characterized by the provision of a plurality of superheater headersd supported at the top of the boiler from which said superheater elements are freely suspended, said elements extending vertically into said nearest gas pass in the spaces between adjacent rows ,of said tubes, and said bales being unequally spaced longitudinally of said tubes to compensate for the presence of said eley ments and so that the effective cross sectional areas of the gas passes formed between said baliies are equivalent.

2. A boiler of the type wherein a plurality of-rows of water tubes are arranged to extend substantially horizontally over the boiler furnace, a plurality of baffles extend transversely across said tubes to provide a plura-lity of gas passes and a. plurality of superheater elements are located in the gas pass nearest to the furnace, characterized by said watertubes being similarly arranged in closely spaced staggered'relationship in, pairs of rows, each cfsaid pairs ofrows being spaced transversely from the immediately adjacent pairs a sufficient distance to provide clearance spaces and being connected at their ends to common vertically extending steam headers, a plurality of superheater headers extending transversely across said boiler at the top v thereof and said superheater elements'being freely suspended from said superheater headers and extending vertically into said clearance spaces, there being su'licient clearance space between said steam headers and the sides of the boiler to permit said steam headers to be moved sideways for the removal of said superheater yelements by movement thereof longitudinally of said water tubes.

8. A boiler as set forth in claim 1 in which the baffles are so located longitudinally of the water tubes that a major portion of the length of each of said tubes is located in the gas pass nearest to the furnace.

4f. A boiler of the type wherein a plurality of rows of water tubes are arranged to extend substantially horizontally over the boiler furnace in a plurality of banks located at different 'distances from said furnace, a plurality of baliies extend transversely across said tubes to provide a plurality of gas passes and a plurality of superheater elements are located in the gas pass nearest to the furnace, characterized by the provision of a plurality of superheater headers supported at the top of the boiler and extending transversely thereof, said superheater elements being suspended from said headers and extending vertically between said water tubes, the lower ends of said superheater elements terminating immediately above the bank of water tubes nearest to the furnace,

and said batlles being unequally spaced longif es formed between said'baiiies are equivalent. 5. 'A boiler of the type wherein a pluralityv i of rows of water tubes are arrangedto extend substantially horizontally over the boiler furnace, a plurality ofvbaflles extend transversely across said tubes to provide a plurality of gas passes and a plurality of superheater elements are located in the gas pass nearest tothe furnace, characterized by the provision of a plurality of superheater headers supported at the top of the boiler, said superheater elements being suspended from said headers and extending vertically into the spaces between adjacent rows of tubes and said baffles being unequally spaced longitudinally of said tubes to provide a lirst, a second and a third gas pass, first gas pass being much greater than that of the second or third pass to compensate for the width of the the presence of said superheater elements in i said first gas pass whereby the ell'ective cross sectional area of each gas pass is substantially equal to that of the other gas passes to secure substantially equal velocities for the flow of the gases in all of said passes;

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

v BENJAMIN N. BROIDO.

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