US1924918A - Superheater for high pressure boilers - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 29, 1933. T. FlscHER 1,924,918

SUPERHEATER'FOR HIGH PRESSURE BOILERS Filed J'uly l, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 OOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOO OOOOOO OOO I N V EN TUR. Z E606/0f /ZC c A TTORN E Y.

ug. 29, 1933. T` FISCHER 1,924,918

SUPERHEATER FOR HIGH PRESSURE BOILERS Filed July l, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 l N l EN TOR.

A TTORNEY Patented Aug. 29, 1933 PATET lQFFICE SUPERHEATER FOR HIGH PRESSURE BOILERS Thecdcr Fischer, Cassel, Germany, assigner to The Superheater Company, New York, N. Y.

Application July 1, 1930, Serial No. 465,117, and in Germany July 15, 1929 4 Claims.

This invention relates to an arrangement of superheaters for high pressure locomotives having a Water tube boiler with which may be asso* ciated a feed-water heating fire tube section. When the locomotive is worked hard, the latter may also be called on to generate low pressure steam. The high pressure steam is generated in the high pressure Water tube section either directly or indirectly.

If in such high pressure water tube boilers the super-heater is inserted laterally between the water tubes, a ready means of supporting the superheater is available in case the lateral walls of the water tube boiler are made up of tubes. The return bends of the superheater elements are in such case supported in notches in the nhs. If, however, the lateral walls of the water tube boiler consists of smooth tubes, the support of the superheater elements and of the entire superheater becomes a rather difficult problem.

The present invention presents a simple and advantageous solution of this dilculty. According to it, the superheater, which consists of a plurality of serpentine elements the rst and last length of each element serving as a rest for the coils above, is inserted laterally into a pocket formed by the water tubes and the whole bundle of elements forming the superheater is hung from the upper drum or drums of the water tube section. It is of advantage for this purpose to hold together the entire bundle of units by means of appropriately bent lengths oi the superheater elements themselves. If necessary, additional separate bands may be used. The superheater is suspended by means of elements which engage openings in the tying tubes surrounding the bundle and are held in place by means of nuts so that the superheater bundle is held up against the tubes of the boiler forming the roof. The separate serpentine coils may be so arranged that the steam flows either counter to the hot gases or in unir'low with them.

The arrangement according to the invention oiers a number of important advantages. Thus the superheating surface is increased by using superheater tubes for holding the bundle together. These frame or tying tubes do therefore not form a dead weight as would be the case if heavy ties and intermediate distance pieces had to be used. Moreover, the tying tubes will not be likely to burn as they are cooled by the steam owing through them. In addition, the superheater can readily be removed as a whole and the superheater headers which lie at the side can easily be protected against the direct tudinal central header 11.

action of the hot gasses. As the entire superheater block or bundle is held iirmly against the roof tubes, the superheater is held firmly in position and the shocks and vibrations occurring during the movement of the locomotive do not affect the superheater tubes. l

In the drawings is shown an illustrative form of the inventive idea applied to a high pressure locomotive boiler.

Fig. l shows a horizontal longitudinal section of one portion of such a boiler; Fig. 2 shows a vertical longitudinal axial section, and Fig. 3 shows a cross section on line III-III of Fig. 2. As an illustrative case a high pressure locomotive boiler with indirect generation of the working steam hasY been chosen. The rire-box of this boiler is formed by the water tubes l, which form the side walls and roof of the re-boX and contain the heat carrier which generates the Working steam indirectly. They are secured to the lower a ring-shaped water chamber 2 and to the two lateral upper intermediate headers 3 which extend along the entire length of the water tube boiler and from which the steam of the heat carrier which is generated is carried to the serpentine heating coils 4 in the upper drum 5. The condensate of the heating steam flows back to the lower water chamber 2 through the return tubes which are arranged on the outside behind the 5 risers l.

The lire-box communicates with a combustion chamber which is surrounded and traversed by water tubes 6 which are connected to the lower headers 'I and to the upper laterally arranged intermediate headers 3. The lower headers 7 are connected to the ring-formed chamber 2 of the nre-box by means of the cross header 8 and the pipes 9. Thus the tubes of the combustion chamber are also made a part of the circuit of the heat carrier.

The portion of the boiler beyond the combustion chamber consists or" water tubes 10 whose upper ends connect to the lateral intermediate headers 3, their lower ends being secured to the longi- These tubes, as will be seen more particularly from Fig. 3, are bent in such a way on their course from the intermediate headers 3 to the central header 11 that they form tight walls both laterally and at top and bottom. 12 are return tubes which carry back the condensate of the heating steam from the heating elements 4 in drum 5 to the central header 11. The rear end of the header 11 is connected to the upper intermediate headers 3 by means of supporting or anchoring tubes 13, whereas the forward end of the central header 11 is supported from the preheating boiler 14 forming the forward portion of the locomotive. For this purpose a socket 14a is provided which is secured to the lower side of the preheating boiler 14. The water-tube boiler serves for the generation of high pressure steam. and the preheating boiler 14 shown as a nre tube boiler serves ordinarily as a feed-water heater for the high pressure boiler but may also generate low pressure steam when the locomotive is Worked hard. In the portion` of the water tube boiler lying between the combustion chamber and the preheating boiler 14, pockets are provided for inserting the superheaters 15 and 16 from the sides. To do this the tubes 10 on one side of the locomotive are omitted as will be clear from Fig. 3. rIhese pockets may, if desired, be open alternately iirst from one side and then from the other side of the locomotive. The superheater 15 may, for example, be the principal superheater Whereas the superheater 16 may be used as a reheater between expansion stages of the steam. In addition, a superheater 17 is provided for the steam used by the auxiliaries such as the pump engine.

Each of the superheaters 15 and 16 consists of a number of serpentine tubes which are gathered into a bundle inserted into the pocket formed by the omission of the water tubes 10 on one side of the locomotive. The coils 2O are shaped so thatA the first length 1S and last lengtlrle of each of them lie in the saine plane whereas the remaining lengths are arranged in a plane lying below or above it in such a manner that these serpentine coils rest on the nrst and last lengths of the element. The coils are connected to the saturated header 21 and supcrheated header 22 by means of the intermediate orsubsidiary headers 23. The serpentine coils 20, including por- - tions 18 and 19,thus arranged to lie above each other and gathered into a bundle are held together, for instance at the beginning and at the end of a bundle, by means of the superheating tubes 24 which are shaped to form frames surrounding the bundle and are held in fixed position relatively to each other by means of the bands 25. These frame tubes 24 extend from the saturated header 21 to the corresponding end of the superheater bundle, thence around it, and then back to the superheated header 22 as may be gathered from Figs. 1 and 2. These tubes 24 are provided at their upper corners with eyes 26 which are engaged by straps 27. The latter are in turn engaged by hangers 28 passing through spaces between the water tubes 10 and suspended on brackets 30 by means of nuts 29, the brackets being secured to the upper drum 5 (Fig. 3). The superheater headers 2l and 22 are adjustably supported by means of the hangers 3l and nuts 32 from the lateral intermediate headers 3. If, desired, the laterally arranged superheater head-lers may be protected against the direct action of the hot gases by rneansof a wall made of proper heat resisting material. By means of the hangers 28 and 31 the bundles of superheater elements can be drawn up against the roof tubes 10 of the water tube boiler so that the superheater is held rmly in position. In the case of the main superheater 15 each superheater element extends over the entire length of the bundle. In the reheater 16, however, each element extends over only half the length of the bundle and two elements lying in the same plane are arranged in parallel in order to obtain a greater cross-sectional area for the now of the steam to be reheated.

I claim:

1. A tube bundle for superheaters having a majority of its heating surface composed of groups of pipe lengths arranged in parallel substantially horizontal planes, means for spacing said groups, and additional heating surface arranged to form at least two loops in substantially vertical planes, each of said loops embracing said groups.

2. A tube bundle as set forth in claim 1 and in which the means for spacing thegroups are portions of pipes connected for series flow with thepipes of the groups.

3. The combination of a tube bundle for superheaters having the majority of its heating surface composed of groups of pipe lengths arranged in parallel in substantially horizontal planes, means for spacing said groups, additional heating surface arranged to form at least two loops in substantially vertical planes, each of said loops embracing said groups, and means attached to the loops of the bundle for supporting it.

4. The combination as set forth in claim 3 and in which the supporting means is of the suspension type.

Y THEODOR FISCHER.

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