US1814447A - Water tube steam generator - Google Patents

Description

WATER TUBE STEAM GENERATOR Filed Nov. 13, 1924 3 sheets-sheet 1 INVENTOR.

Mil/442;;

A TTORNEYS.

July 14, 1931. E. w. JONES 1,314,447

v WATER TUBE STEAM GENERATOR Filed Nov. 13, 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

BY a I 76 ATTORNEYS.

July 14, 1931. E. w. JONES 1,314,447

WATER TUBE STEAM GENERATOR Fi l ed Nov. 15, 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR fl y ATTORNEYS Patented July 14, 193i UNITED ST EDWIN WALTER JONES, OF LINCOLN, ENGLAND, ASSIGNGR TO THE BABCOCK 8c WILCOX COMPANY, OF BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY,

A CORPORATION or new JERSEY WATER TUBE STEAM GENERATOR Application filed'November 13, 1924, Serial No. 749,578, and Great Britain November 23, 1923.

tubes, and Fig. i isaplan'view partiallyein.

section of the boiler illustrated in l,

and showing in adiagrammatic manner andin plan the aisle space between the two boilers; I Y

In carrying theinvention into effect according to the form shown in Fig. 1, the

Water tubes at of thelowerbank are arranged immediately above the furnace b and extend in a longitudinal direction substantially the whole length of the-boiler from frontto back, the tubes being inclined upward in a direction from back to front and connected to vertical headers c, d at each end respectively; The tubes ofthe lower bank a are preferably exposed for substantially their entirelength' to the radiant heat-of the furnace;

Above this first bank of tubes at the front end of theboiler a second bank is arranged containing, for example, ten rows of tubes 6 of shorter length than tubes or, running from front to back, individual tubes being arranged oneabove the other in vertical planes and preferably inclined atthe same angle as the tubes a in the lower bank. At the front endofthe boiler these tubes are con nected to extensions f of the corresponding headers (Z of the lower bank, these headers being thus common to both banks, While at the other end the tubes 6 are connected to vertical'headers it placed at about the position of'thefirst vertica'lba'ffle as ordinarily arranged in this type of boiler, so that the length of the upper bank of tubes 0 corresponds to about that occupied by the usual first pass of the furnace gases.

Therear vertical headersh are in turn respectively connected by short lengths of tube 2' to a transverse distributor or feed-box k which, may very conveniently act as a cross beaincarrying the upper bank oftubes, appropriate provision being providedfor the free expansion of the latter.

Above the front headers f ofrthe upper bank of tubes a transverse steam and Water drum on. is arranged to whichthese headers are connected, while according to one arrangement a series of tubes at acting as downcomers andv arranged in a direction generally parallel to thewater tubes 0, connects this drum to the rear headers h of the upper bank, a longitudinal baiille 0 being arranged if desired in the transverse drum on between the line of connections to the front headers f and the line of downcomers a,

above mentioned,

At the rear of the boiler a second or main steam and water drum 1, about the same level as the first, is arranged in a transverse direction, two series of tubes 8, t connecting the two, drums, the tubes .9 of one series connecting the steam spaces and the tubes t of the second series connecting the water spaces.

Finally a seriesof downcomersu connects the second or main transverse steam and water drum 7 at the rear of the boiler to the respective rear headers 0 of the lower bank of water tubes a.

Preferably a battle '0 covers the rear portion of the lower bank of water tubes (1- and extends from the rear of the boiler preferably substantially parallel to the tubes of the lower bank to a point slightly to the front of the rear headers h ofthe upper bank, the baffle at its front end being vertical for a short distance, as shown.

It will be seen from the above description that a large space is left above the lower bank of tubes in the rear part of the boiler and in this space according to the present invention an economizer, indicated. as a whole by the arrowcd letter A, is arranged consisting of a series of vertical headers to connectedby slightly inclined tubes 00 (see Fig. 2 arranged in a transverse direction in relation to the boiler. To assist in the replacing of tubes in the economizer, the

headers w at one end (see Fig. 2) are made L-shaped in cross section, the Us being arranged as it were in pairs back to back so that spaces 2 are provided for the reception of the ends of the tubes when assembling them in place; in this figure the tube as by help of a space a, has been lifted vertically into its approximate position, the tube 41: being shown as partly inserted. A space B is preferably left at the rear of the economizer so that in conjunction with an appropriate door 9 at the side of the boiler at the lower end of the economizer, a tube may be angled into or out of the position 00 no withstanding a narrow passageway between the adjacent boilers of a battery. It will be understood that when the width of the aisle space between two adjacent boiler units is less than the length of a tube, that the tube will necessarily be held at an angle to the positions of the tubes in the economizer in order. to remove the tube through the door in the side wall.

In some cases in addition to the econos mizer a superheater is fitted which may conveniently take the following form A transverse header or distributor 2 receiving the steam from the main steam and water drum 1" by way of the steam pipe 3, is connected to a series of tubes 4 which pass singly or in groups through the spaces or lanes between adjacent vertical rows of water tubes 6 in the upper bank, these tubes preferably passing downward at an angle in relation to the water tubes 6 and being.

in staggered relation to one another. The superheater tubes so disposed are connected to a second transverse header or collector 5, arranged at the lower end of the rear headers h of the second bank of water tubes and somewhat to the rear thereof, the disposition of this collector header being such that it lies within the angle formed by the two parts of the baffle 12, above described, so that it is well protected from the direct heat of the furnace, while at the same time accessible through any "appropriate opening for examination.

An alternative arrangement of the superheater tubes 4 is shown in Fig. 3, additional loops or bends l being disposed above the upper banks of water tubes 6.

The general course of the working fluid in the boiler described above is as follows The feed entering the lower end of the economizer A passes successively through the vertical rows of tubes 00 toits outlet at the top of the front of the economizer, a connection 6 passing thence to the transverse feed-box above the vertical rear headers h of the upper bank of water tubes. Owing to the upward slope of these tubes, as evaporation takes place, the working fluid passes to the front headers f where it mixes with steam from the lower bank, the

admixture passing into the front transverse drum m and thence to the main drum 9 at the rear of the boiler. From here the steam passes through the angled tubes l of the superheater described above to the collector header 5 and thence to the main steam pipe. Circulation is set up in the boiler as follows: From the drum on the water passes through the tubes 25 to the drum 7", then through tubes at to headers 0 and through the tubes 4; and headers back to the drum It will be seen a boiler of the present invention is unusually compact and that advantage is taken of the well-known fact that in boilers of this general type, the tubes or parts of the tubes with which the hot gases first come into contact are more efiicient than the tubes or parts of the tubes more remote from the furnace, the evaporating power of such latter tubes being very considerably reduced.

It will also be seen that with a boiler so constructed the 'usual transverse brick bullies, which are difficult to inspect and repair, are eliminated, while the whole arrangement is very compact and a saving is effected in the brickwork, casing, fan

trunks and so forth, while owing to the compactness radiation losses are reduced.

The boiler described may be fitted with all the usual auxiliaries for efficient working, the rear headers, for example, of the two banks of tubes being connected respectively to bottom transverse mud-boxes 7, 8, while blowers, dampers and access doors are provided as required.

Instead of the economizer an air heater may be provided, while the feed may in some cases be led from the economizer di rect to the front drum; in addition modifications in the details of construction above described may be made without exceeding the scope of the underlying inventive idea.

It will, of course, be understood. that in place of the rows of headers 0, (Z, 7, and which are illustrated, asingle water chamber could be used in .placeof each row. When I refer in certain claims, therefore, to a water chamber, it is understood that the expression is intended to cover either a single water chamber or a row of headers such as illustrated in the drawings.

I claim: r

1. In a water-tube boiler, a lower bank of horizontally inclined water tubes, a second bank of tubes above said lower bank, said second bank being of less extent lengthwise of the tubes of said lower bank, a chamber being formed above said lower bank and at the rear of said second bank of tubes, a steam and water drum, heat transferring means other than a superheater located in said chamber, supply means for said upper above said lower bank and at the rear of said second bank of tubes, heat transferring means other than a superheater located in said chamber, and superheater tubes in the lanes between vertical rows of tubes of said upper bank.

3, In a water tube boiler, a lower bank of horizontally inclined water tubes, a sec-- ond bank of water tubes located above and extending in the same general direction as the tubes of said lower bank, said second bank being of less extent lengthwise than said lower bank, a chamber defined in part by said second bank of tubes and located above said lower bank of tubes, a steam and water drum, connections for creating a circulation from said drum through the tubes of said lower and said second banks, and a heat transfer device located in said chamber. 1

4L. In a water tube boiler, a lower bank of horizontally inclined water tubes, a second bank of water tubes located above and extending in the same general direction as the tubes of said lower bank, said secondbank being of less extent lengthwise than said lower bank, a chamber defined in part by said second bank of tubes and located above said lower bank of tubes, a steam and water drum, connections for creating a circulation from said drum through the tubes of said lower and said second banks, and a heat transfer device comprising tubes located in said chamber, the tubes of said heat transfer device extending transversely of those of said lower bank.

5. In a water tube boiler, a lower bank of horizontally inclined water tubes, a second bank of water tubes located above and of less extent lengthwise than the tubes of said lower bank, a chamber being formed above said lower bank of tubes and at the rear of said upper bank, a steam and water drum, a heat transfer device located in said chamber, supply means for said upper and lower banks of tubes, and a commonheader connected to said steam and water drum, to which header tubes of said lower bank and of said second bank are connected.

6. I11 combination, a furnace, a water tube boiler comprising a lower bank of inclined water tubes located above said furnace and exposed for substantially their entire length to radiant heat of said furnace, a baflie located above and substantially parallel to said bank and extendingfrom one: endiiof the" bank; partially of: theilengtha' thereof to: leave an :unbafliedt. portion= ofwthe lowerxbank, a; seconjdpupperbank of tubes; shorter than said lower bank and; extending:v in the same 2 general direction as the tubes ofv the lower bank, said upperbank of tubes beingqlocated above. the unbafiied portion only of the lower bank,1the.- flow of gases over said upper bank being: unrestricted/exceptiby said tubes.

7'. In: combinatiomaa steam boiler compris-r ing a steam and watersdrum, a lower bank-v ofuinclinedx watertubes, an'upper bank: of 7 water-f tubes. located: above the. lower bank and extending in the same general direction but shorterthanwthe tubes? of the lower bank, said upper and lowerbanksxof tubes? being; connected toindependenta headers at one endand to a common header at the other: end, said: common header being con-.

nected to said. steam and water drum, and:

tubes'connecting said stea1n: andlwater drum to the independent header for said second bank of water tubes, said drum being provided with a baffle extending longitudinally thereof and located between the connection of said common header and said last-named tubes to the said drum.

8. In a water tube boiler, an upper drum, a lower bank of straight inclined water tubes connected at one end to a common water chamber, and at their other ends to an independent water chamber, connections leading from said Water chambers to said drum, a second upper bank of inclined water tubes substantially parallel to and shorter than the tubes of the lower bank, the major portion of the tubes of said upper bank being connected at one end to said common water chamber and at their other ends to an intermediate water chamber located intermediate the planes of said common water chamber and the first mentioned independent water chamber, all of said water chambers being upwardly extending, a chamber being provided at the rear of the intermediate water chamber to which the tubes of the upper bank are conneoted and above the tubes of the lower bank, and an economizer located in said chamber.

9. In a water tube boiler, a drum, a lower bank of straight inclined water tubes connected at one end to a common water chamber and at their other ends to an independent water chamber, connections leading from said water chambers to said drum, a second upper bank of inclined water tubes substantially parallel to and shorter than the tubes of the lower bank, the tubes of said upper bank being unbafiled, the major portion of the tubes of said upper bank being connected at one end to said common water chamber and at their other ends to an intermediate water chamber located intermediate the planes of said common water chamber and the first mentioned independent water chamber, all of said water chambers being upwardly vextending, a chamber being provided at the rear of the intermediate Waterchambers to which the tubes of the uppervbank are connected and above the tubes of the lower bank, and an economizer located in said chambeix,

10. In combination, a steam boiler comprising a drum, a lower bank of inclined water tubes, an upper bank of water tubes located above the lower bank and extending in the same general direction but shorter than the tubes of the lower bank, said lower bank of tubes and some of the tubes of the upper bank being connected to independent water chambers at one end and to a common water chamber at the other end, other tubes of said upper bank being connected to the Water space of said drum and to the independent water chamber for said upper bank.

EDWIN WVALTER JONES.

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