US1529637A - Internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

March 10, 1925. 1,529,637

c. G. sPRADo INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Oct. '7, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet l March 19. 1925.

C. G. SPRADO INTERNAL coMBUsTIoN ENGINE Filed oci. v, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet. 2

latented Mar. 10, 1925. UNITED" STAT DELAWARE INTERNAL-consumerenEnorme.

A CORPoRATIoNioF Appncationnled october 7,' 192`2 serial Nafseaoeo,

To all whom t may concern: j

Be it known that I, CARL G. VSPRADO, a `citizen of the UnitedStates, r'esiding at waukee, in the countypf Milwaukee Vand State of` `l/Viscon'sin, have inventeda certain new and useful Internal-Combustion' Enf] gine, tion. A,

This invention relates in general to im.- provements in internal combustionengines, and relates more specifically to improved means for controlling the consistency' and admission of explosive mixture to a. gas engine or the like.

of which the following a specic'aj YAn object of the invention is tofprovide an improved internal combustion engine which ber 28located aboveand communicable. with` is simple in vconstruction and vefficient in operation. Another obgect of the invention is tok provide simple means `for electively controlling the proportions of the ingredients of explosive mixture admitted to angas' enginef. A further object of the invention;v is to provide meansfor effectively mixing.v the ingredients of explosive cl 1arge s`-f de#` 25 livered `to an internal combustion engine.

Stillv anotherfobject of the inventionlisto provide etlicient and readily'operable means forvarying the proportion of the ingredii ents of explosive mixture admitted to a gas engine and the like. Another object ofthe invention is to provide means for permitting either manual or automatic accurateI variation of' the constituents olf mixture of explosive fluid. A further object of the 1nvention is to improve the operation and eiliciency of gas engine valve gear of the type disclosed and claimed `in `Patent 'No 1,27 9,77 4 granted September 24, 1918. These and other objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent-from the accompanying disclosure.

A clear conception of an embodiment of the invention and of the operation-of an `in ternal combustion engine constructed in acc ordance therewith, may be had byreferf ring vto the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification in which like reference charactersdesignate the same or similar parts in the various view.

' Fig. 1 is a fragmentary transverse vertical section through the inlet valve mechanism and a cylinder of a gas engine.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary enlarged horizontal sectional view ofthe gas engine yinlet valve mechanism, the lower part` of the view valve mechanism;v f

`the reciprocable piston' 53,1

offFig.' 3 and 'theupperp'art of thejview Ybef4 f 1,529,637 i FYFINCE' i cem.. G. sPRAJJo, or MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN. assisteren V:To f

MANUFACTURING COMPANY, O F IVIILILNVAU'KEEL WISCONSIN,

. being a sation' taken i along? the inn ln- 11 L ing a SectOn'taken v'through thejgasfsupply i,

chamber.

Fig. ,Sis a vfragmento.ry enlarged part sec-i tional i side elevation o 1 of axga's nginefnleil The .gas engine .illustrate djiin1the'ildraw-I n and comprises'generallyja power r :ylinfder 2, Y a piston 1,3 recip'rocable withinfthylder 2, a. piston vrod 4' rigidly associatedyivwith mixture ladmission "po-rt f 5 chamber of the cylinder-2, a'nifixin'g cham` ingfisof `the horizontal' reciprocating type f). fk

the inlet port 5, and 'suitable mechanismfor' controlling the admission of r`gas, andf'airto the chamber28 and 4from the 'chamber 28ito th'ecylinder2 through'the port'5. gasv upper end of the mixing chamberj28is municablewitlithemixing chamber through a double-'ported automatically operative poppet 'valve 27.' An air supplyhambr surrounds themedial vportion o fthainix#v 1j.

4ing chamber" 28, the chambers 7, 28 beingff4 separatedfrom 'each otherf by 'means ofxan vannular stationaryperforatedwall 252y and 1an` annular perforated- Vsleeve,24 A'embracing the wall 25 and adjustable aboutthef ver.v

tical axis ofannularityl of the wall 25. The I air .-supplychambe'r. 7 is constantly in communication with the mixing chamber V28.

sleeve 24. The sleeve24 ifs'supported by means of radial ribs 26 4s'ecuredto a central hub which embraces agstationary cylindrical vertical wall; The .interiorfof the'mixing foo 'y through thevv perforations in the wall25 andr chamber 28 below the gas inlet valve 27 yand between the lower discharge ,portion 9fofy the mixing chamber 28 and the inlet port 5 is automatically controllable by means of a "main inlet valve-6 which lis normally heldi in closed position by means ofone `or more]v i lhelical compression springs 12.

' The mechanism. for controlling'the operation ofthe gas supply valve 27 4andfofthe main inlet lvalve' is automatically operable from the lay shaft of the engine by means of a connecting or actuating. rod 22. The

. actuating rod 22 is associated with upper the upper extremity ofthe bonnet 223,

. governor eccentric associated with-the block 19.. The vertically reciprocable cross-head 1 8is connected :to the doublefported gasinlet valve 27 by means of vertical parallel actuating rods rlie main inlet valveactuating rocker arm 17- is pivotally associated rockable arm 16 'one end of which is pivot.-

ally associated with the bon-net 23 and which is directly engageable'with a knuckle block 15. yThey knuckle block 15 coacts with a vertically reciprocable cross-head 13 slidable in guide ways 14 inthe bonnet 225 and secured to the upper extremity` of vthe main inlet .valve rod 11. The rod 11 is surrounded by a spring pressed collar coacting with the under side of the cross-head V13 andy has the valve 6 rigidly connected to the lower end thereof. v f

The perforated sleeve 24 locatedbetween the air supply chamber 7 and the stationary that longitudinal or axial perforated annular wall 25, is connected to a'liorizontally slidable z'idjustirur shaft 29 by means of al pin and slot connection-31', so movement of the shaft 2 9 will produce rotation of the sleeve 24 about the wall 25. An' indicating vdevice 3()A associated with an end of the shaft y29v and' with thejstationary casing, provides ineaiisfor noting the position of the sleeve 24 with reference tothe wall 25. The opposite end of the shaft 29 is connected .vith

a lower projection on an eccentric strap having an .angularly adjustable eccentric i usting shaft 38 therein which is keyed to the adjusting shaft S8. A lateral arm on'the eccentric' strap 33 is adjustably' connected with an eccentric 35 operable by the governor actuated lay shaft 4() by means of an eccentric strap. f Thendis adjustably rotatable by n'ieans of a crank 42 or similar mechanism operable through a connection 36 by means of. a hand wheel 37, a suitable gage 34 serving to indicate the position of adjustment of the shaft 38.

During normal operation of the engine the -mechanism having been properly adlay shaft 4'() having ian` n thoroughly mixed with1 the bonnet and i has -a .medial portion engage'able with a Y proportions `of justed to produce efficient operation, the gas inlet valve 27 isbeing periodically opened to admit gas downwardly and outwardly from the gas supply chamber 8 to the mii;- iiig chamber 28. When a charge of gas has been thus admitted to the mixing chamber 28, the main inlet valve 6 yis automatically 'opened and the suction in the engine cyl- .inder 2 causes Athe admitted gas to flow toward the inlet port 5.

Simultaneously with the downward advanceof the gas, air is drawn inwardly from the air supply chamsleeve 24 and .iv-all 25and intermingles with the gas admitted'past the Vvalve 2T. The mixture ofgas and air is drawn downwardly past the helical mixing vanes 10 eand is as it enters tliefinal portion 9 of the mixing chamber 28 from which the mixtureis delivered pastthe valve 6 through the port 5 to the engine. In the engine cylinder 2, the-explosixe mixture thus admitted is `ignited toperform useful work upon the piston Such admission of ei:- plosivevmixture occurs once lfor each two complete reciprocations of the piston, the admission of mixture being properly timed in` a well known manner, f

The governor of the engine normally functions `in response to variations in speed ofthe enginejto automatically oseillate the regulating shaft 40 and to vary the positions vof the eccentries 41, 35. As. the position of the eccentric 41 is automatically altered by the governor,they position of the fulcriiin arm 19 's varied thereby altering the degree of opening of the' gas admission valve L7 with a resultant variation in the quantity of gasadmitted to the Vmixing chamber 28. As the eccentric isjautomateallyadiustd by the governor, the e@- centric strap .s swung about the eccentric 3 2 ',e'ausing'endwise motion of the shaft 2 9. Such eiidwise lmotion 4of the shaft 29 is transmitted through the connection'l at the sleeve 24 .andvpiodiices variation in the relative positionv of the 'peiforations in the sleeve 24 and in the adjacent wall 2 5 thereby either increasing yor decieasingtlie area of the communicating passages between aii iiilet chamber 7 andthe mixing chamber 2,8. By proper setting of the connection between thelateral projection on the strap 33 v and the eccentric strap coacting with the eccentric 35, the relative opening of the gas supply valve 27 and of the air inlet passages,r may be adjusted to produce operation of the engine at maximum efficiency andv econoinyL With such adjustment properly iiiade,ftlie speed governor will automatically function to admit explosive mixture having proper ingredients, f -l In addition to the adjustment affordedby the lateral projection of the strap 3?),tlie angular position of the shaft 38 and 'of the ecbei 7 Vthinugh the open perforations in the lzo centric 32 may be changed manually by turn ing the hand wheel 37. This manual adjustment also permits variation in the area. of the passages leading 4from the air-inlet chamber 7 to the mixing chamber 28, without interfering with the normal operation or adjus'tv ment of the gas inlet valve 27 by the governor. It has been found that with the. provision of such adjustments, the characteristics of the explosive mixture may. be readily and carefully varied to produce maximum efficiency of operation.y The helical mixing vanes l0 automatically. function to thoroughly mix Vthe ingredients delivered to the chamber 28 in streams iiowing oppositely to and impinging directly against each,`

other, and the .final mixture delivered from the chamber portion 9 is in intimately mixed condition. The indicating devices 30, 34

facilitate adjustmenty of the sleeve 24 and clearly indicate theposition of-this sleeve relatively to the wall 25.

It should `be understood that it isnot desiredto limit the invention claimed to the exact details of construction and operation herein shown and described, for. obvious modications within the scope ofthe claims may occur to persons skilled in theart.

It is claimed and desired to ters Patent:

1. In combination, a cylinder, ya mixing y chamber communicable with said cylinder, a

gas supply chamber communicable with said mixing chamber, a valve for controlling communication between said chambers, an

air supply chamber in constant cominunication with said mixing chamber at a point intermediate said valve and said cylinder, and means oscillatable about the axis of ,said` valve to automatically vary the area ofthe passage between said. air supply and said mixing chambers. Y

2. In combination, a cylinder, a mixing chamber communicable with said cylinder, a

gas supply chamber communicable with saidjv mixing chamber, a valve for controlling b chamber communicable with said cylinder, a .gas supply chamber communicable with said mixing chamber, means for automatically controlling communication between said chambers, an air supply chamber in constantcommunication with said mixing chainbei', and an oscillatory sleeve for automatically varying the area of the passage between said air supply and said lmixing chambers.

secure by Letp I "4.Iii combination, a cylinder, a mixingl chamber communicable with said cy1inder,a-`

gas supply chambercommunicable with said mixingl chamber, an air v supply chamber communicating with said mixing chamber, common means for vautomatically varying the area of the passages `between said gas supply and said mixing 'chambers and between said; air supply and said mixing chamf l bers, and means for manually varying only the area `of th'epassage between said-air, supply and saidimixing chambers.

5. In combinationya cylindeigfa mixing' f chamber communicable `with said cylinder, a gas `supply chamber communicable with said mixing chamber,"a`n air supply 'chamber i.

in-.constant communication with said mixing-chamber, and aseries of helical 'v'anes disposed between saidI air,-` supply andsa'id cylinder for Iproducing whirling in otionof airand ber., v V, ,Y 6.` In combination, a cylinder, a mixing chamber communicable with 4said cylinder, a gas supply` chamber communicable with said mixing chamber,'a valve for controlling communication between said-chambers, an

air supply vchamber located iny proximity tok said mixing chamber, a perforated wall between saidair supply and said mixing cham-'- gas admitted to said mixing'cham- 955r bers, a perforated sleeve surrounding said wall, the perforationsof said sleeve and wall providing constantly open pass'age'sconnect-` 1 ingv said air supply andsaid mixing cham- A p 'ico' A said sleeve relatively to saidwall to vary the area of said passages.- t y ,1

ber, and means for automatically shifting -7. In combination, afcylin chamber-communicable with ysaid cylinder, a gas supply chamber communicable with an air vsupply chamber located laterally adjacent to saidmixing chamber,.a perforated annular kwall between said air supply and said mixing chambers, a perforatedv sleeve er, a mixing embracing said wall,`tlie`perforations of said Y sleeve and wall providing constantly open lpassages connecting said air supply and said mixing chambers, and means for automatically moving said sleeve about tlie axis of.

annularity ofl said wall't'o varyy theareabf said passages. w '1- 8, In combination, a cylinder, a :mixing `l i gas supply chamber communicable with an chamber communicable with said cylinder,

end lof said mixing` chamber, .an automatically `operable valve for controlling. communication between saidy chambers, an airv supply chamber surrounding said mixing chamber, a perforated annular walll between perforations of saidfsleeve and wall providing constantly open v'passages connecting said ysaid air supply and said .mixing`cliambers, a l Y perforated sleeve. embracing said wall,"the r w 105 f said mixing chamber,` a 'valvey forI controlling communication between said chambers,

nirf'sugppliy and seid mixing chambers, means forA automatically Ymovi-ng 'said sleeve. about the axis, of zrnnulsi'ityvof -saicl Wall to Vary the 'zweit of seid passages, helical venesv rorl nfvodnein Whiflin` motion of ons and, wir l b a admitted to seicl ini-Xing chamber, and :in automatically ,operable-:valve for controlling communication:between the opposite end of said mixing-'chamber and said cylincleiz 9. In eombinetion, a. cylinder, a mixing' chamber communicable -Wi tli yseid cylinder, ai gas supply chamber communicable with said nii-Xing chamber, a Valve vfor controlling communication between said cliainbeis, an en supply chamber inconstzmt connnuznicetion with said mixing clnunber et e point intermediate said Valve und said eyflinclei', mean-s for lVarying only-themes of the passage betweenssicl an? supply and seid mi2:A ing ehnmbeis, and a valve for contnolling` commnnieation between seid mixing chainbei and said cylinder.

10. In combination, n c-ylindei','zi mixing chamber communicable. with said cylinder, a

ges supply ychamber coinnmnieable with said mixing chamber, ineens for automatically controlling communication `between sai-icl chambers, en eil? supply clunnbei in con-y stant communication lwith said mixing chamber, means for varying only the eres of 'linmean sziicl mixing chamber, annif supply chai-Inbev communica-Veilig with said lmixing elismbei, means foi? manually varying onlfyftlie.ereszef the passage betweensaidaij:supply and seiel mixing chambers, .enel ineens for anitomzitn @elly .establishing eoininnnieetion between seid mixing chamber-mul saicl cylincler.

l2. In combination, e cylinder, e mixing chamber communicable 'with seid cylinder,

e gas .supply chamber communicable with safitl mixingcliamb'eir, kmitomzrtioelfly opereble ineens for intermittently establishing oominlmieation between seid chambers, 'an air supply chamber iconstantcommuniezition with said mixing clr-zunber, Ineens 'fon controlling Jcoinmninmicetion between `said yir supply enel seid iinixing :chen/ebene, and mez-nis for both mannlznlly yand automatically adj Listing seid eiisupply control ineens.

ln ,testimony whereof, dissi-gnature of 'it'lie nventoi is sfixed hereto..

CARL G. SBRDO; i

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