US1937012A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 28, 1933. H G, EBERT l 1,937,012

' CARBURETOR File-d July 8, v1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 PafenfedvNQv. 2s, 1933y UNITED *STATES "PATENT 1. 1,937,012' ,l t l CARBURETOR' M i Y* V Harvey G. Ebert, Cranston, R. I. i 1 I y `Application JulyS, 1932. Serial'No. 621,339Y Y f commis. (o1. asi-4.7); f

' `My present invention relates to improvementsV in spray carburetors for yinternal combustion engines.

. It is the objectV or thel presentlmvention tok l 5 provide a novel method and a novel apparatus for forming a complete and intimateintermixture of the fuel and air in thev proper proportions for perfect combustion and accordinglysecure a very higheliiciency in the engine to which the mixture is supplied.

To this end, the fuel is injected into the carburetor in a line, thin stream, and the fuel particles are widely; and` uniformly separated and mixted with flowing air. These desirable effects are obtained by iniectingthe` fuelinto the mixing chamber of the carburetor through a circumferential-.slot of very narrowwidth, thus'` projecting the fuelinto themixing chamber in the form of a thin film, and passinga rapidly Whirling column of airof high Velocity throughthe thinlm to break upland `atomize the fuel and produce a uniform `diffusion of the atomized lfuel particles in the. air column. d i;

@Sincea motor'vehicle `requires ldifferent fuel and air vproportionsfor different operating conditions, it isa furtherpbjectof my invention to produce a uniform and controlled dilution of the fuel and air mixture at different enginespeeds, thus resultingrin greater economy. As the dilution should be uniform, and shouldjbe based on the engine speed, the diluting air is admitted in theforrn;A of a sheet directed into and across the columnA Vof airand diffused vapor, and thevolume ofthe-diluting.- airis varied in correspondence with the engine suction. r f a With the foregoing and related advantageous features in view,.my invention consists of a novel method and anovel apparatus hereinaftermore fully described, fin conjunctiozfiv with the accom.-4

panying drawings, and particularlypointed'out inthe claims appended hereto. i f Thel accompanying drawings and the follow ing description set forth in detailv certain'mecha-V nisms for carrying out theinvention, such mechanisms however being by way of. example, and constituting a preferred arrangement suitable for the described purposes. 1 i

In the accompanyingdrawings, Fig. ,1 is a sectional elevation of the preferred carburetor arrangementQthe valves being shown in closed position; Fig. 2 is a fragmentary 'sectional view, similar to Fig. 1, but showing the .valves in open position; Fig. 3 is a 'side elevation of thej carburetor, showing the valvelinkage;A Y I VVFig. 4 is a section on the line 4-.-4.of'Fg. 1; I

Fig. 5 is an elevation of thexiloat chamber, showing the position of the. choke valve;

Fig. 6 `is a section on the line 6-6of Fig.` 4;

Fig. '7 is anv elevation of Athecentral partition,

showing the rotationimparting vanes, .A

Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic development showing the blade positions of nism; l

Figs. 9 .and 10 are perspective top and bottomA mounted inthe' float chamber, as Vat" 18,'andL l i equipped-With a needle Valve-.1.9 positioned 'in ka'. valve chamber 20 and movablefupon movement of the float to cooperate with a ,valve seat 21and thus control passage of fuel from theinletpas- Ifi() 'the air rotating mechay n' sage22 to theoat'chamber. Thelower portion of the castingis formed with' 'an air inlet passage 23, controlled type.'

by a choke `valve 24 of standardv `The mixer 16 includes a mixing ch`amberl23 which thev fuel and `the mainV air mix',` and into which the secondary or diluting. airis conveyed. As .shownin Fig. 1,.-the mixerincludes a lower portion125 in which 'a Whirl imparting member 27 is Ymounted, I an intermediate portion consisting of two p1`ates'28, 29A which form `the fuelr feed arrangement,and an'upper porti0n30 which forms theoutlet passageway for the gas Vand airmix-r tures.` i The'member 27Y communicates Vwith the air inlet 123and has acentral cylindrical partition 31 which separatesfthe inflowing'airinto primary 'air and dilutingair, thellatter passingthrough thecentral passageway 32,0f the member 27 and the primary air passing through'the outer l passageway '33,Where it encounters the arcuate vanes 34 which impart a whirlito the primary air and increase its speed,y as thewidth between the vanes atthe upper portion,- indicatedat va inFig. 8, is less than the width'between the vanes at 'the lower portion, indicated' at b` Thenow orduunngair .iscontroiledby a convper end..36 of the 'partition v31; the Avalve stem 3'?V terminates "ina piston or` plunger. 38, housed in down position. A cam 41 is mountedrwithin the upper portion 30 for engagement with the upper face of the valve 35, and is manually controlled by movement of the throttle to releasey the valveV for upward movement in response to engine speed.

The fuel ow is b est'described with reference to Figs. 1 4 and 6; the fuel from the oat `cham.-

ber enters an inlet chamber 42 in the mixer, anol-` Y passes upwardly through channels 43, 44 to , chambers 45, 46 for the main fuel and the idling' fuel flows respectively, the flow through these'chambers being controlled by manually adjustable needle valves 47, 48. The main fuel supply passes engine, a mixing chamber, means for feeding to a downow channel 49 which communicates with an annular chamber 50 formed in the upper plate 28, the latter in turn communicating with a main feed chamber, 51 formed in the'intermediate portion of the mixer between the two plates 28,;29, by means, of a plurality of communicating ducts. 52; The two plates are spaced apart at their inner edges to provide an annular fuel outlet 53, the width ofthis outlet being small, and preferably about. three thousandths" of an inch.

The chamber 46 communicates with the flow Y region above and below the throttle through outlet channels 54 and 54a, thus providing mixture'for idling'through passage 54 consisting of,

fuel from chamber 46 and airthrough channel 54a; as the throttle opens, the -two channels carry fuel from the chamber 46, thus compensating for the slight suction loss resulting from opening of the throttle. .Thethrottle 55 and the cam 4'1 are'r interlinked, as shown in Fig. 3, by a novel linkage which includesv two levers 56, 57 respectively. keyed tothe cam and the throttle shaft, and an intermediate link 58, the v'throttle shaft having the usual manually operatable lever 59 secured to thepother. end thereof. The choke valve 24 is operated by ,a lever 60 keyed to the. f valve shaft and operable by the driver in the usual The operation of the improved carburetormay no'wbel explained;- In starting, the vchoke Vvalve with the rate of engine speed, andthe diluting airy is forced outwardly as a conical sheet across the ascending column of mixture, thus'ensuring a thorough and `uniform dilution v,of the mixture. c It will bey noted that the primary air is com-l y pressed in the -whirl imparting member to increase its speed, and'that the mixture rst expands in the' upper portion 30, and is then compressed priorto passage into the engine manifold.` This .expansiony vand compression increasethe dispersion of thefatomized fuelparticles, the :thermal changes inthe air Adue toits initial compression.V

and its subsequent expansion and 'compression assisting in the atomization. The resulting mixture has been found tovbe substantially perfect and to give completec'ombustion, 'withoutflocal ignition or other knock producing characteristics.` The above 'described carburetor. construction utilizes up-draft,but ymay be readily redesigned( to utilize down-draft, desired, without changv ing the fundamental principles of the invention. The carburetor parts have b een'designed tobe rugged and not easily putk out of order, to make 1. Ina carburetor for anY internal combustion fuel into said chamber in the form of a sheet transversely of the chamber, means .for feeding air into said-chamberl in therformY of a whirling column through said sheet, and means for ,feediing diluting` airintojsa'id chamber in the forml of fica lill) 3. In acarburetor'forf'an internal' combustion engine, a mixer, 'afloat chamber-having afloat control therein, anA air inlet for said fmixerralfuel inlet forV said' oat cham-ber, a mixing chamber in said mixer; an air `passageway communicating with said airf-inletwith *saidn mixing chamber; whirl imparting means-ini airf'passagelwa'y'; an' annular fuel chamber insaid mixer aboutsaid air'V passageway 'andVA 'communicating with said fioat chamber, andan annular radial slit-'come municating said annular air passageway.V f i Y 4. In a carburetor for anl internallcombus'tion engine, a mixer, 'a-v float chambel'having 'ao'at control therein., anl air in letffor'saidfmixer, a

fueldchamber said f fuel inlet for said iloa't vchambient. mixing-cham- Y vber in said mixer, a primary air pa'ss'agewayl,and

a secondary air passageway communicatin said air inlet with said mixing chamber, 'Whirlfiinpartl"` ing means in'said' primary" ani-passageway,- an

annularfuel' chamber' in said-'mixer about saidy primary air passageway and communicating with said oat chamber;an annular1radialfslit irithe k wall of said 'mixer 'communicating'. vsaid annular fuel chamberv withsaid` air passagewayr anda valve in said secondaryfprimary' air'pa's'sageway l for' controlling flow of the `secondary' air' tothe" mixing chambers@ I 5. In' acar-buretor for'vanl internal combustion engine, a mixer, 'a float chamber having-ia lfloat control therein, an air inlet i .fori said mixer, a

fuel inlet for saidr float chamber; a mixing cham' ber in said mixer, a primaryair passageway' and' a secondary air passageway communicating saidl air inlet with said mixing chamber, whirl impart'-A4 ing meansin said primary air'. passagwayl" .an

annular' radial slit inthe'wall of said mixerrab'out air passageway, and a valve movable in accordance withengine speed in said secondary air passageway for controlling iiow of the secondary air to the mixing chamber.

`(i. In a carburetor for an internal combustion engine, a mixer, a oat chamber having a float control therein, an air inlet for said mixer, a fuel inlet for said float chamber, a mixing chamber in said mixer, an air passageway communicating said air inlet with said mixing chamber, arcuate vanes in said air passageway to impart a whirling motion to the air, an annular fuel chamber in said mixer about said air passageway and communicating with said oat chamber, and an annular radial slit communicating said annular Vfuel chamber with said air passageway.

' secondary air passageway communicating said engine, a mixer, a float chamber having'a iloat control therein, an air inlet for said mixer, a fuel in'let for said oat chamber, a chamber in said mixer, a primary air passageway andL a secondary air passageway communicating said air inlet with said mixing chamber,arcuate varies in said primary air passageway to impart a whirling motion to the primary air, an annular radial y slit in the wall of said mixer about said primary' air passageway .and communicating said .an-`

nular fuel chamber withsaid primary air pas-v sageway, and a valve movable in accordance with engine speed in said secondary air' passageway for controlling ow of the secondary air to the mixing chamber. K i

9. In a carburetor for an internal combustion engine, a 'flow chamber, a cylindrical member in the lower portion of 'said flow chamber dividing the said lower portion intoan outer primary air passageway andA an inner secondary air' passageway, said cylindrical member having arcuoaf' ate vanes on the exterior thereof extending from the cylindrical member to the walls .of the iiowA chamber and terminating below theH upper` end' of the cylindrical member, a valve seated at the upper end of the cylindrical member normally closing the secondary air passageway and movable in response to engine suction for admitting secondary air, and means for projecting fuel across the primary .air passageway in the path of the primary air emerging from the arcuate vanes. Y n

VHARVEY G. EBERT;

' y asf

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