US3707278A

US3707278A - Carburetor for internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number: US3707278A
Application number: US83717A
Authority: US
Inventors: Porter Landrum
Original assignee: MRS WILLIE MAE MCMORRIES; MRS MARSHALL TIMBERLAKE
Current assignee: MRS WILLIE MAE MCMORRIES; MRS MARSHALL TIMBERLAKE
Priority date: 1970-10-26
Filing date: 1970-10-26
Publication date: 1972-12-26
Anticipated expiration: 1989-12-26

Abstract

Oppositely disposed downwardly and inwardly extending concave side walls in main air passage of carburetor below throttle terminating in spaced relation to each other to define elongated opening therebetween which extends transversely of air passage and parallel to side walls. Side walls direct oppositely disposed streams consisting of fuel and air toward each other prior to passing through elongated opening.

Description

United States Patent 1 1 3,707,278 Landrum 1 1 Dec. 26, 1972 s41 CARBURETOR FOR INTERNAL 723,206 3/1903 Lukenba ch 261/78 R COMBUSTION ENGINE 2,831,666 4/1958 Compton 261/78 R 1 3,467,072 9/1969 Toesca 261/78 R [72] Invent: Landrum, Blrmmgham, A 1,437,423 12/1922 Jackson 48/180 R Assignees: Porter Landrum Y. Landrurn 1 McMon-ies; MrsLMm-sha" Timber, 2,175,438 10/1939 Mannmg ..123/52 M 2,618,541 11/1952 A eman et a1... ..123/4ll gr l,361,260 12/1928 Hunt ..48/l80 R McMmles, Birmingham FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS a part interest to each l .4818 R 22 Filed: 0 1.26, 1970 "25mm 0 [21] Appl. No.: 83,717 Primary Examiner-Tim R. Miles Attorney-Jennings, Carter & Thompson [52.] US. Cl ..261/62, 261/78 Riga/818k [57] ABSTRACT [51] Int. Cl ..F02m 29/14 oppositely disposed downwardly and inwardly extend- Field of Search 8 180 130 M; ing concave side walls in main air passage of carbure- 26l/76,7 123/141 tor below throttle tenninating in spaced relation to each other to define elongated opening therebetween References Cited which extends transversely of air passage and parallel UNITED STATES PATENTS to side walls Side walls direct oppositely disposed v streams cons1st1ng of fuel and air toward each other 3,393,984 7/1968 Wisman ..26l/78 R prior to passing through elongated opening. 1,406,398 2/1922 Livingston... ..'....48/l80 R 1,711,496 5/1929 Heald ..48/1 80 B 10 Claims, 8 Drawing Figures W /a I 1 i 7 l /9 1* 22 ma PATENTED DEC 26 1972 SHEET 1 UP 2 INVENTOR. orzer Z andrum PATENTEDunczs 1972 SHEET 2 OF 2 INVENTOR. Porter am/r um CARBURETOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION a ENGINE BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to carburetors for internal combustion engines and more particularly to improved means for atomizing the fuel air mixture just prior to introduction of the mixture into the intake manifold of the, engine to obtain more complete combustion thereby greatly reducing air pollution and bringing about a substantial saving in fuel.

As is well known in the art to which my invention relates, the burning efficiency under pressure of the fuelair mixture is directly affected by the fineness of atomization of the gasoline by the carburetor. While many devices have been proposed for atomizing'the gasoline by the carburetor, such devices have not been effective to bring about the degree of atomization required to cause substantially complete combustion of the fuel.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In accordance with my present invention, I provide oppositely disposed, downwardly and inwardly extending concave side walls for the main air passage of the carburetor below the throttle valve. The concave sidewalls terminate in spaced relation to each other at their lower ends to provide an elongated opening between the side walls which extends transversely of the air passage and parallel to the side walls. As the air-fuel mixture moves downwardly and inwardly along the inner surfaces of the concave side walls, the streams are directed toward each other whereby there is a head on contact of the two streams with each other which brings about increased agitation and atomization of the fuel-air streams immediately prior to a 90 change in direction of movement of the streams through the elongated Opening into the engine intake where the fuel-air mixture expands prior to being drawn into the cylinder.

Carburetors illustrating features of my invention are shown in the accompanying drawing, forming a part of this application, in which:

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross sectional view of a somewhat standard down draft carburetor having my invention applied thereto and showing the throttle valve in closed position;

FIG. 2 is a fragmental, vertical sectional view corresponding to FIG. 1 showing the throttle in partially open position;

FIG. 3 is a fragmental, vertical sectional view, corresponding to FIG. 2 showing the throttle in fully open position;

FIG. 4 is a view taken generally along the line 44 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a fragmental view taken generally along the line 5-5 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a fragmental, vertical sectional view showing the lower part of a carburetor embodying a modified form of my invention;

FIG. 7 is a top plan view, partly broken away, taken generally along the line 7-7 of FIG. 6; and,

FIG. 8 is a fragmental sectional view showing a further modified form of my invention.

Referring now to the drawings for a better understanding of my invention, I show in FIGS. 1 through 5 a carburetor 10 having a main air passage 11 including a venturi opening 12 of a predetermined area. A

butterfly throttle valve 13 is mounted-for pivotal movement in the air passage 11 in the usual manner downstream from the venturi opening 12, as shown. A restricted idle port 14 communicates with the air passage '11 downstream from the throttle 13 when the throttle is in closed position, as shown in FIG. 1. An idling adjustment screw 16 cooperates with the idle port to regulate the flow of the air-fuel mixture around the butterfly throttle valve 13.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the air passageway 11 terminates in oppositely disposed, downwardly and inwardly extending

side walls

17 and 18 downstream from the idle port 14. The inner surface of the downwardly and inwardly extending

side walls

17 and 18 is concave, as shown, with the lower ends of the

side walls

17 and 18 terminating in spaced relationto each other to define an elongated opening 19 which extends in a vertical plane in vertical alignment with the air passageway 11. Accordingly, the air-fuel mixture passing downwardly alongside the

concave side walls

17 and 18, as shown in FIGS. 2. and 3, is directed inwardly whereby the oppositely disposed streams meet head on immediately prior to making a right angle turn for passage downwardly through the elongated opening 19. That'is, the oppositely disposed

concave side walls

17 and 18 direct the two streams consisting of fuel and air toward each other adjacent the lower ends of the

side walls

17 and 18 whereby they meet head on to bring about increased agitation and mixing of the air and fuel particles immediately prior to movement of the combined streams'downwardly through the elongated opening 19. Each elongated Opening 19 extends transversely of the air passage 11 and generallyparallel to the side walls whereby the downwardly moving streams move over the longer sides of the elongated opening 19.

The elongated opening 19 extends substantially the entire width of the air passage 11 and the thickness of the material through which opening 19 is formed is equal substantially the width of the elongated opening 19. Inactual practice, I have found that satisfactory results are obtained where the side walls of each open ing 19 are approximately one-quarter inch in depth. By providing the A inch depth for the elongated opening 19, the air-fuel mixture is maintained in a concentrated condition at a very high velocity for a sufficient length of time to bring about intimately mixing of the air-fuel mixture. Upon leaving the elongated opening 19, the air-fuel mixture passes into the intake port 21 for the engine where the mixture is expanded in the usual manner. Preferably, the portion of the carburetor carrying the oppositely disposed, downwardly and inwardly extending

side walls

17 and 18 and the elongated opening 19 is formed of a separate member 10a which may be attached to the lower end of a conventional type carburetor, thus facilitating modification of conventional carburetors to accommodate my invention.

' As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the'lower portion of each downwardly and inwardly extending

side wall

17 and 18 terminates in a flat portion 22 adjacent the periphery of the elongated opening 19. Preferably, the flat portion 22 is approximately three thirty-seconds of an inch in width. By providing the flat portion 22 around the periphery of each elongated'opening' 19, the oppositely disposed streams consisting of the fuel-air mixture move in a direction perpendicular to the side walls of the opening 19 or perpendicular to a vertica plane passing through the openings 19.

In FIG. 8 of the drawings, I show a modified form of my invention in which the oppositely disposed

side walls

17 and 18 arecurved all the way to the openings 19 and are not-provided with the flat peripheral flat surfaces 22. Accordingly, the oppositely disposed streams moving down the

concave side walls

17 and 18 move in an arcuate path into head on engagement with each other and then move downwardly through the elongated opening, as described hereinabove.

In FIGS.6 and 7, l show a further modified form of my invention in which one of the oppositely disposed, downwardly and inwardly extending side walls, indicated at 170, is movable relative to a' stationary, downwardly and inwardly extending side wall 18a. That is, at high speeds, it is often desirable to increase the area of the "elongated restricted opening 19 upon a. predetermined differential in pressure within the air passage atopposite sides of the opening 19. To accomplish this, I provide a movable member 23 which is pivotally connected by a pivot pin 24 tonne side of the member a. A suitable recess 26 is provided in the member 10a for receiving the movable member 13.

. The concave surface 17a is provided along the inner surface of the movable member 23 whereby the oppositely disposed streams move downwardly and inwardly into head-on contact with each other immediately prior to moving downwardly through the elongated restricted opening 19, as described hereinabove. A compression spring 27 is interposed between the movable member 23 and the bottom of a recess 28 provided in the member 10a, as shown in FIG. 6, whereby the lower free end of the movable member 23 is urged upwardly to the solid line position. Upon a predetermined differential in pressure within the air-fuel passageway 11 at opposite sides'of the opening 19, the lower end of the movable member 23 is moved downwardly toward the dotted line position shown in FIG. 6, whereby the effective area of the elongated opening 19 is increased. The lower ends of the downwardly and inwardly extending side walls 17a and 18a terminate in flat portions 22 to further direct the streams into head on contact with each other, as described above.

From the foregoing,-it will be seen that I have devised an improved means for atomizing a fuel-air mixture as it passes from the carburetor into the intake of an internal combustion engine. By providing the oppositely disposed, downwardly and inwardly extending

side walls

17 and 18, the oppositely disposed streams move into head on contact with each other to thus increase agitation and atomization of the fuel immediately prior to moving in a 90 direction downwardly through the elongated opening 19 thus greatly reducing air pollution and at the same time bringing about a substantial saving in fuel. By providing side walls of approximately one-fourth inch for the elongated opening 19, the atomized stream is held in a concentrated condition at extremely high velocities long enough to intimately mix thefuel and air particles whereby upon moving into the enlarged area of the intake port 21, substantially complete atomization of the air-fuel mixture is obtained. Furthermore, by providing a movable side wall for the elongated opening 19, the effective area of the opening 19 is varied in response to predetermined increases in pressure within the air passageway 11.

In actual practice, I have found that a carburetor having a venturi opening 12 of a diameter of approximately 1.02 square inch and an elongated opening 19 of an area equal substantially 0.468 square inch is satisfactory in every respect. Also, a carburetor having a venturi of a diameter of approximately 1.093 square inch and an elongated opening 19 ofan area equal substantially 0.485 square inch is satisfactory in every not substantially greater than the area of the venturi opening and preferably should be less than one-half of the area of the venturi opening. The length of the elongated opening 19 should be as long as the throttle body bore permits, thus reducing the width of the opening.

In actual practice, I have found that the carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon gases in the engine exhaust are greatly reduced where my improved means is employed for agitating the fuel-air mixture. Furthermore, my invention brings about a material saving in fuel.

While I have shown my invention in several forms, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that it is not so limited, but is susceptible of various other changes and 30 modifications without departing from the spirit thereof.

What I claim is: I. In a carburetor having a main air passage for con- I veying fuel and air to the intake of an internal combustion engine and including a venturi opening of a predetermined area, a throttle in said air passage downstream from said venturi opening and a restricted idle port in said air passage downstream from said throttle when said throttle is in closed position,

a. downwardly and inwardly curved side walls at opposite sides of said air passage downstream from said idle port terminating in spaced relation to each other with each said side wall being concave adjacent the lower portion thereof and directing oppositely disposed streams consisting of fuel and air toward each other adjacent the lower ends of said side walls, and

b. an elongated restricted opening extending transversely of said air passage with the sides thereof generally parallel to said concave side walls and defined between said lower ends of said side walls so that said oppositely disposed streams move over the longer sides of said elongated opening immediately prior to making sudden changes in direction of movement and said elongated opening having an area less than the area of said venturi opening and less than the area of said intake and being of a depth to maintain the streams of air and fuel in a concentrated condition at a high velocity for a sufficient length of time to bring about intimate mixing of said streams of air and fuel.

2. A carburetor as defined in claim 1 in which said elongated opening extends substantially the entire width of said air passage.

3. A carburetor as defined in claim 1 in which the area of said elongated opening is less than one half the area of said venturi opening.

respect. The elongated opening 19 should be of an area' 4. A carburetor as defined in claim 1 in which the lower ends of said side walls extend generally perpendicular to a verticle plane passing through said elongated opening.

5. A carburetor as defined in claim 4 in which the lower ends of said side walls terminate in flat surfaces adjacent said elongated opening.

6. A carburetor as defined in claim 1 in which at least one of said side walls is movable relative to the other side wall upon a predetermined differential inpressure within said air passage at opposite sides of said elongated opening.

7. A carburetor as defined in claim 6 in which the

Claims

1. In a carburetor having a main air passage for conveying fuel and air to the intake of an internal combustion engine and including a venturi opening of a predetermined area, a throttle in said air passage downstream from said venturi opening and a restricted idle port in said air passage downstream from said throttle when said throttle is in closed position, a. downwardly and inwardly curved side walls at opposite sides of said air passage downstream from said idle port terminating in spaced relation to each other with each said side wall being concave adjacent the lower portion thereof and directing oppositely disposed streams consisting of fuel and air toward each other adjacent the lower ends of said side walls, and b. an elongated restricted opening extending transversely of said air passage with the sides thereof generally parallel to said concave side walls and defined between said lower ends of said side walls so that said oppositely disposed streams move over the longer sides of said elongated opening immediately prior to making sudden changes in direction of movement and said elongated opening having an area less than the area of said venturi opening and less than the area of said intake and being of a depth to maintain the streams of air and fuel in a concentrated condition at a high velocity for a sufficient length of time to bring about intimate mixing of said streams of air and fuel.

4. A carburetor as defined in claim 1 in which the lower ends of said side walls extend generally perpendicular to a verticle plane passing through said elongated opening.

6. A carburetor as defined in claim 1 in which at least one of said side walls is movable relative to the other side wall upon a predetermined differential in pressure within said air passage at opposite sides of said elongated opening.

7. A carburetor as defined in claim 6 in which the movable side wall is mounted for pivotal movement adjacent its upper end with the lower end thereof being movable.

8. A carburetor as defined in claim 7 in which a spring member urges said lower end of said movable side wall toward an upper position.

9. A carburetor as defined in claim 1 in which said elongated opening has side walls of a depth equal substantially the width of said opening.

10. A carburetor as defined in claim 9 in which said elongated opening has side walls approximately one-fourth inch in depth.